https://tolkiengateway.net/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Christolk&feedformat=atomTolkien Gateway - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T15:39:20ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.39.3https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=C%C3%ADrdan&diff=305056Círdan2019-06-07T03:55:31Z<p>Christolk: </p>
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<div>{{sindar infobox<br />
| name=Círdan<br />
| image=[[File:Jef Murray - Cirdan.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Cirdan" by [[Jef Murray]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames='''Nowë''' ([[Quenya|Q]])</br>'''Ciryatan''' ([[Quenya|Q]])<br />
| titles=Lord of the Havens, Master of the Grey Havens, The Shipwright<br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Falas]]<br/>[[Isle of Balar|Balar]]<br/>[[Lindon]] <br />
| affiliation=[[Union of Maedhros]]<br>[[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]]<br>[[White Council]]<br>[[Host of the West]]<br />
| language=[[Quenya]], [[Sindarin]], [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Between {{YT|1050}} and {{YT|1105|n}}<ref name="LastWritingsN">{{PM|Last}}, "Círdan", note 30</ref><br />
| birthlocation=[[Cuiviénen]]<ref name="LastWritingsN"/><br />
| rule={{YT|1149}} - {{FA|473}} ([[Falas]])<br>{{FA|473}} - {{FA|587}} ([[Isle of Balar|Balar]])<br>{{SA|1}} - c. {{FoA|120}} ([[Grey Havens]])<br />
| sailedwest=Before {{FoA|120}}<ref>{{FR|Prologue}}</ref><ref name=AppTale>{{App|Tale}}</ref><br />
| sailedfrom=[[Grey Havens]]<br />
| age=10,932+<br />
| notablefor=''[[#CharacteristicsandImpact|See below]]''<br />
| house=<br />
| parentage=Kin of [[Elwë]], [[Olwë]], and [[Elmo]]<ref group="note">[[Elmo]] is a later addition by [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] and is not in the published ''[[The Silmarillion]]''.</ref><ref>{{PM|XIII}}, ''Círdan''</ref><br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=Ancestor of [[Voronwë]]<ref name="Tuor">{{UT|1}}</ref><br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Very tall<ref name="Havens" /><br />
| hair=Silver, bearded in old age<ref name="Havens" /><br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
{{quote|As they came to the gates Círdan the Shipwright came forth to greet them. Very tall he was, and his beard was long, and he was grey and old, save that his eyes were keen as stars; and he looked at them and bowed, and said 'All is now ready.'|[[The Lord of the Rings]], ''[[The Grey Havens]]''}}<br />
'''Círdan''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈkiːrdan]}}) was one of the highest and most noble of the [[Sindar]], Lord of the [[Falathrim]] during the [[First Age]], and Master of the [[Grey Havens]] through the [[Second Age|Second]], [[Third Age|Third]], and [[Fourth Age]]. He was one of the wisest and most foresighted of the [[Elves]], and by the [[Second Age]] the oldest known [[Elves|elf]] in [[Middle-earth]], to remain so throughout that age and into the [[Fourth Age]] as well. He was also gifted [[Narya]], one of the [[Three Rings]], by [[Celebrimbor]] until he surrendered it to [[Gandalf]]. He was one of the last elves in Middle-earth, sailing West at last by {{FoA|120}}.<br />
<br />
The [[Quenya]] form of Círdan's name is '''[[Ciryatan]]''' (pron. {{IPA|[ˈkirʲatan]}}).<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===Early History===<br />
Círdan, born '''[[Nowë]]'''<ref name="LastWritingsN">{{PM|Last}}, "Círdan", note 30</ref> ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈnowe]}}), was kin of both [[Elwë]] and [[Olwë]], lords in the host of the former.<ref name="LastWritingsN"/> Cirdan was said to have been one of the most skilled Elves in building ships during the [[Great Journey]], especially when the Elves dwelt by the [[Sea of Rhûn]].<ref name="LastWritingsN"/> During the push westward, seeking to go to [[Valinor]], Nowë and his followers kept going where most of his kin fell away throughout the journey. Despite Nowë's great eagerness to see the [[light of Valinor]] (his "greatest desire"),<ref name="LastWritings">{{PM|Last}}, "Círdan"</ref> he loyally searched for Elwë upon his disappearance. Because of this, the [[Teleri]] missed the first trip on [[Tol Eressëa]] to [[Valinor]], on which went their kin, the [[Noldor]] and the [[Vanyar]]. They took for their king [[Olwë]], and while waiting for [[Ulmo]] to return for them, Nowë headed the art of making and sailing ships, growing impatient. From this profession he took the name "Círdan" which means "shipwright" in [[Sindarin]]. The Teleri also developed a great friendship with [[Ossë]]. At the same time, although most of the Teleri had given up, Círdan sought Elwë longer and harder than most of his kin, partly because of his love for him and his allegiance.<br />
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Because of this, Círdan came to the shores too late during the second embarking of Eressëa. He came to the sands to find them departed, and as he stood forlorn he saw far-off a glimmer of light upon Eressëa as it vanished into the West over [[Belegaer]]. Then he cried aloud:<br />
{{quote|I will follow that light, alone if none will come with me, for the ship that I have been building is now almost ready.|Círdan, ''[[Last Writings]]''}}<br />
But into his heart came a message from the [[Valar]] which warned him that his ship could not endure the voyage, nor would any ship for many years, until the time when his work be of utmost worth, remembered in song. Círdan answered in obeyance, and saw a vision of [[Vingilot|a ship]].<br />
<br />
===Foundation and Return of the Noldor===<br />
Círdan therefore remained with those Teleri who had chosen to stay east of the Sea for love of Ossë, and became their lord. The folk became known as the [[Falathrim]], "''people of the foaming shore''", and dwelt in the [[Falas]] by the sea. There they built many ships, and the cities [[Eglarest]] and [[Brithombar]], and found pearls which they sent to their overlord, King [[Thingol]] of [[Doriath]], who was once Elwë.<ref name="Sindar">{{S|Sindar}}</ref><br />
<br />
When [[Morgoth]] broke forth in the [[First Battle of Beleriand]] in {{YT|1497}}, Círdan was cut off and unable to come to Thingol’s aid. Further, although Thingol conquered with the help of the [[Laiquendi]], the Falathrim were driven to the very edge of the sea, where they were besieged for some months, until the [[Return of the Noldor]], when [[Fëanor]] struck [[Morgoth]] from the north. The siege of the Falas was abandoned as the [[Orcs]] were ordered northward to help their master, where they were all destroyed by [[Celegorm]]. The Falas were saved.<br />
<br />
Círdan attended the [[Mereth Aderthad]] with many of his people, where he swore oaths of friendship with the Noldor, and quite possibly met and befriended his later neighbors and friends [[Turgon]] and [[Finrod]]. Although Turgon eventually moved from [[Vinyamar]] to faraway [[Gondolin]], Círdan’s friendship with Finrod was lasting,<ref name="Belerian">{{S|Beleriand}}</ref> and Círdan became a close advisor to the Noldo. Círdan was, after all, a relative of his, being related (probably quite closely) to Olwë, Finrod’s grandfather.<br />
<br />
===Early First Age===<br />
When the tales began spreading (sown by [[Morgoth]]) of the [[Kinslaying of Alqualondë]], Círdan, being very wise even at that time, was greatly troubled, feeling that these rumors sprouted from great malice. Knowing the jealousy and dissention among the Noldor, he guessed that the malice was that of the kinslayers. Therefore he dutifully sent messages to his overlord Thingol, telling him all that he had heard. This resulted in the banishment of [[Quenya]] and greater strife between the Sindar and the Noldor.<br />
<br />
Círdan may have assisted in the [[Dagor Aglareb]], but this is unknown. Nevertheless he did not take part in the [[Dagor Bragollach]], as he was far away and not directly attacked, if even he had time to come to the aid of his allies. Nevertheless Círdan made up for his lack of participation in the [[Second Assault on Hithlum]], coming to the timely aid of [[Fingon]] when he was most needed. They sailed up the [[Firth of Drengist]], then struck the unsuspecting [[orcs]] from the west, giving victory to the elves.<ref name="Fingolfin">{{S|Fingolfin}}</ref><br />
<br />
After the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]], many fugitives came for shelter in the Falas. The Falathrim mariners harassed the orcs in guerilla attacks from the sea. But it was only a matter of time before [[Morgoth]] attacked. Then came the disastrous [[Fall of the Falas]]. Though both [[Brithombar]] and [[Eglarest]] were strong, with mighty walls, both fell one at a time due to the impressive array of siege-masters Morgoth had in his train. The elves fought valiantly, but the walls were broken and most of the Falathrim killed or enslaved. [[Barad Nimras]] was cast down, and the Falas laid to waste. But Círdan and some of his followers escaped by sea, and he took with him [[Gil-galad]], one of the last of the princes of the Noldor. They came to the [[Isle of Balar]] and founded a new kingdom, but kept a foothold at the [[Mouths of Sirion]], keeping ships hidden in the reeds there, making a refuge for all who fled there.<ref name="Fifth">{{S|Fifth}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Lord of Balar===<br />
Turgon, receiving the dreadful news, requested that Círdan send mariners to seek [[Valinor]] and the aid of the [[Valar]]. Círdan built seven swift ships, and sent them westward. None returned, save for only one mariner of the [[Gondolindrim]]. The way to the West was closed.<ref name="Fifth"/>{{Pronounce|Cirdan.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
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Eventually Círdan served as messenger, when [[Ulmo]] delivered him a message for [[Orodreth]], warning of the doom of [[Nargothrond]], and ordering him to shut his gates and cast down the bridge. The warning went unheeded, resulting of the [[Fall of Nargothrond]].<br />
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After news came to Balar of the [[Fall of Gondolin]], [[Gil-galad]] was proclaimed [[High King of the Noldor]]. Círdan soon after became a fast friend of the young half-elf [[Eärendil]] son of [[Tuor]] and [[Idril]], who had grown up essentially under his shadow, and was apprenticed to him. Círdan aided Eärendil in building the ship [[Vingilot]], giving him advice and help. Círdan doubtless remembered his vision, and this ship was indeed a fulfillment of it.<ref name="LastWritings"/><br />
<br />
Círdan and Gil-galad came with their armies from the Isle of Balar too late to prevent the disastrous [[Third Kinslaying]], when the [[Mouths of Sirion|Havens of Sirion]] were ambushed and many fell. But Eärendil was not there, rather on a voyage, and the [[Silmaril]] of [[Beren]] and [[Lúthien]] had been spirited away by [[Elwing]] his wife. Thus, wielding the Silmaril, Eärendil came to [[Valinor]] and found the forgiveness of the [[Valar]].<ref name="Earendil">{{S|Earendil}}</ref> From that time on, Círdan was given foresight surpassing that of any of the elves,<ref name="LastWritings"/> perhaps some special grace of the Valar for his deeds in this world-changing episode (like the return of [[Glorfindel]], who also contributed significantly). After the [[War of Wrath]], Círdan, heeding the bidding of the Valar long ago, once more obediently abstained from finding his heart’s desire and going West, but with a small following remained in [[Middle-earth]].<br />
<br />
===Second Age===<br />
The continents were shifted, but Círdan still took up his abode by the sea, at the [[Grey Havens]], which the Elves built in the newly-formed [[Gulf of Lune]] whence the [[Eldar]] could sail the [[Straight Road]], but most of them were unwilling at first to forsake the lands they fought in and preferred to linger there.<ref name=rings>{{S|Rings}}</ref> There he welcomed the friendly and then-unfallen [[Númenóreans]], making friends with [[Vëantur]], chief of the mariners of [[Tar-Elendil]], and later teaching [[Tar-Aldarion|Aldarion]] his grandson of ships (both management and construction) and seaside architecture,<ref name="Wife">{{UT|Wife}}</ref> doubtless being the foremost authority on both. At some point he moved to [[Mithlond]].<br />
<br />
Círdan advised against the creation of the [[Rings of Power]] when [[Sauron|Annatar]] came, but, like Galadriel, his counsel went unheeded in the midst of the joy and enthusiasm of the [[Eregion]]-elves, and especially [[Celebrimbor]]. Nevertheless, when the [[Three Rings]] escaped the [[Sack of Eregion]], Celebrimbor had appointed him to inherit one of them. He received [[Narya]], the Ring of Fire.<ref name="rings"/> [[Sauron]], having revealed himself in the [[Sack of Eregion|destruction of Eregion]] and empowered by [[the One Ring]] he had forged, [[sack of Eregion|invaded]] [[Eriador]] in the same blow. Nevertheless, though he killed many elves, he dared not attempt to take [[Mithlond]] or [[Lindon]], feeling they were too strong and because they had the help of the [[Númenóreans]]. Indeed, they were his bane in that chapter of history, for the Númenóreans came and pushed him back beyond the [[Misty Mountains]], ending the [[Dark Years]].<ref name="rings"/><br />
<br />
Eventually there came the [[Akallabêth|Fall of Númenor]], when the great man-isle of [[Númenor]] was overturned and [[Aman]] removed from the circles of the world. But [[Elendil]] escaped with his sons to [[Middle-earth]] and founded the [[Reunited Kingdom|Two Kingdoms]] over a vast space of land, on both sides of the Misty Mountains.<ref name="Akallabeth">{{S|Akallabeth}}</ref> <br />
<br />
Círdan joined the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]], and fought steadily beside his friends and comrades as the lieutenant of [[Gil-galad]]. Many fell there, including [[Gil-galad]] and [[Elendil]]. Yet again, Círdan outlived those around him, and survived the battle. With Elrond, he urged [[Isildur]], Elendil’s first-born, to throw the captured One Ring into [[Orodruin]], where it would be unmade, but Isildur refused.<ref name="rings"/><ref name="Council">{{FR|Council}}</ref> <br />
<br />
===Third Age and Later History: Lordship of Lindon===<br />
After the [[War of the Last Alliance]] and the death of Gil-galad, Cirdan inherited the rule of Lindon, exercising his power from the [[Grey Havens]]. The early years of the [[Third Age]] were, for Círdan and the elves, mostly a time to catch their breaths after the fall of Sauron in the [[War of the Last Alliance|War of the Alliance]]. <br />
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For more than a thousand years they went undisturbed,<ref name="AppB2">{{App|B2}}</ref> but at around {{TA|1050}}, a shadow began to lengthen. Though many deemed that Sauron was defeated forever, for the first time in many centuries some evil was stirring, and awake. It was at this time the [[Istari]], sent by the [[Valar]], came. Though the [[Blue Wizards]] and [[Glorfindel]] may have come earlier during the [[Second Age]], and Círdan most probably greeted them in [[Mithlond]], it is known for sure that he met [[Gandalf]] there. Círdan was one of the few of the [[Wise]] left; of the other ancient elves, only [[Celeborn]], [[Galadriel]], [[Glorfindel]] (who was resurrected), and [[Elrond]] remained. He was the most foresighted of all of them, and alone knew the true purpose of the Istari.<ref name="AppB2"/> He also saw deep into the future of Gandalf, and gave him [[Narya]], his greatest possession and one of the most secret and sought-after treasures in the world.<ref name="rings"/><br />
{{quote|Take this ring, Master… for your labours will be heavy; but it will support you in the weariness that you have taken upon yourself. For this is the Ring of Fire, and with it you may rekindle hearts in a world that grows chill. But as for me, my heart is with the [[Belegaer|Sea]], and I will dwell by the grey shores until the [[Last Ship|last ship]] sails. I will await you.|Círdan, ''[[Appendix B]]''}}<br />
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Throughout the [[Angmar War]], the Elves of Lindon under [[Cirdan]] supported [[Arnor]]. They assisted [[Arveleg]] and the men of [[Cardolan]] drive off the [[Hill-men]] from the [[Weather Hills]]. Later, with Círdan’s help, Arveleg's young son, [[Araphor]], drove [[Angmar]]'s armies from [[Fornost]] and the [[North Downs]]. Combining forces with [[Rivendell]], and the [[Galadhrim]] who joined them from beyond the [[Misty Mountains]], they subdued Angmar for some time.<ref name=eriador>{{App|Eriador}}</ref><br />
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In {{TA|1975}}, Elven sailors from Lindon brought a ship to [[Forochel]] to rescue the lost king [[Arvedui]]. The crew endured a perilous journey, but Arvedui rashly attempted to return that winter, and all aboard perished. The next year, Círdan and the elves [[Host of the West (Arnor)|joined]] with the [[Dúnedain]] in the victorious [[Battle of Fornost]].<ref name=eriador/><ref>{{App|Gondor}}</ref> Later, Círdan took control of the abandoned [[palantíri|Elendil Stone]] on [[Emyn Beraid]], which could gaze into the [[Tol Eressëa|lost west]] and was without link to the other ''palantíri''.<ref name="Palantiri">{{UT|Palantiri}}</ref><br />
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Círdan was invited onto the [[White Council]] when it was formed in {{TA|2463}} in response to the rise of the [[Sauron#Sauron's Return|Necromancer]], whose identity was at that point concealed. Throughout all the recorded history of the White Council, his actions go unrecorded. His role may have only been passive; as an advisor rather than a planner. At any rate, nothing more is mentioned of his actions until the [[War of the Ring]] in {{TA|3018}} and later {{TA|3021}}. [[Galdor of the Havens|Galdor]] was his messenger to [[Rivendell]], though for reasons unknown. It may be that he, too, felt the growing shadow, even as his friend [[Gandalf]] did. Sent by Círdan "on errand", Galdor attended the [[Council of Elrond]], speaking with authority on his lord’s behalf.<ref name="Council"/><br />
<br />
[[File:Decipher - Círdan.jpg|left|thumb|[[Decipher]] - ''Círdan'']]The last mention of Círdan came with the end of the Third Age. When the Ringbearers came to Mithlond, Círdan greeted them before the gates. Although [[Gandalf]], [[Galadriel]], and [[Elrond]] passed west on the [[White Ship|ship]] he had built for them, Círdan seems to have remained for a time. <br />
<br />
Círdan maintained the haven at least into the [[Fourth Age]], but it was recognized that eventually, its purpose would reach an end when no more Elves wished to cross the [[Sea]]. At that time, Círdan would abandon the Grey Havens and finally travel the [[Straight Road]] himself. <br />
By {{FoA|120}}, he sailed west aboard the [[Last Ship]] with [[Celeborn]] and the last [[High Elves]], but when he did so, he took with him the last memory of the Elder Days in Middle-earth.<ref>{{FR|Prologue}}</ref><ref>{{App|Tale}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Characteristics and Impact==<br />
In the last years of the Third Age, Círdan appeared very old save for his eyes which "''were keen as stars''", wearing a long beard.<ref name="Havens">{{RK|Havens}}</ref> Likely, he had grown a beard since having reached his [[Elven life cycle#"Cycles of life" and aging|third cycle of life]].<ref>{{VT|41b}}, p. 9</ref><br />
<br />
Círdan had a profound effect upon the course of Middle-earth history. He was a loyal servant and friend of [[Elwë]], sacrificing his heart’s desire in search of him.<ref name="LastWritings"/> This loyalty and sense of duty shows up numerous times over the course of history, including his second sacrifice in his submission to the [[Valar]],<ref name="LastWritings"/> and his sending of troubling and potentially destructive rumors to his overlord Thingol. He was also the most foresighted of the elves, a gift from the Valar.<ref name="AppB2"/><ref name="LastWritings"/> He conceivably saved Elven civilization with the founding of the havens at the [[Mouths of Sirion]],<ref name="Fifth"/> and with the fostering of both [[Gil-galad]] and [[Eärendil]].<ref name="Earendil"/> His precious gift of [[Narya]] to [[Gandalf]] was also timely and valuable.<ref name="AppB2"/> He was clearly favored by [[Ulmo]], seen by the number of messages passed through him.<br />
<br />
== Genealogy ==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | |F|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|7| |}}<br />
{{familytree| |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | | | |:| |}}<br />
{{familytree| THI | | OLW | | ELM | | | CÍR |THI=[[Thingol]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|502}}''</small>|OLW=[[Olwë]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|ELM=[[Elmo]]<br/><small>''unknown''</small>|CÍR='''CÍRDAN'''<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
[[Image:SBG - Cirdan.jpeg|thumb|'''Círdan''' as visualized by the [[Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game]]]] <br />
<br />
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:His role as lieutenant of Gil-galad is given to [[Elrond]] instead (Elrond was Gil-galad's herald in the books). He does, however, appear very briefly in Galadriel's Monologue at the start of the movie, in the very brief shot of the three elven ringbearers.<br />
<br />
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'':'''<br />
:Círdan briefly appears as Frodo and Bilbo make their trip to the lands of the West. <br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[:Category:Images of Círdan|Images of Círdan]]<br />
<br />
{{notes}}<br />
{{references}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cirdan}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Second Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Fourth Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Sindar]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin names]]<br />
[[de:Círdan]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:elfes:teleri:sindar:cirdan]]<br />
[[fi:Círdan]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Second_Age_730&diff=305055Second Age 7302019-06-07T00:57:47Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ardayearheader|725|727|729|730|733|735|739}}<br />
* [[Tar-Aldarion|Aldarion]] leaves [[Númenor]] in the ship [[Númerrámar]] on his second voyage to [[Middle-earth]].<ref name="Aldarion">{{UT|Aldarion}}</ref><br />
* Around this time, [[Amroth]] takes up the rule of the [[Silvan Elves]] in [[Edhellond]].<ref>{{UT|4}}, note 6</ref><br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Second Age years|0730]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Edhellond&diff=305054Edhellond2019-06-07T00:36:58Z<p>Christolk: /* History */</p>
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<div>{{disambig-more|Amroth|[[Amroth (disambiguation)]]}}<br />
{{location infobox<br />
| name=Edhellond<br />
| image=[[File:John Howe - Edhellond.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Edhellond" by [[John Howe]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=Amroth's Haven<ref>{{RK|V9}}</ref><br />
| location=Southern [[Gondor]], confluence of the [[Ringló]] and [[Morthond]] rivers<br />
| type=Harbour<br />
| description=A far southern haven of the [[Elves]]<br />
| regions=<br />
| towns=<br />
| inhabitants=Founded by [[Sindar]], later joined by many [[Silvan Elves]]<br />
| created=Late [[First Age]]<ref name="Amroth" /><br />
| destroyed=<br />
| events=Loss of [[Amroth]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Edhellond''' was an ancient harbour in southern [[Gondor]]. It had been established south-west of where the [[Ringló]] entered the [[Morthond]],<ref>{{UT|Map}}</ref> near where the combined waters flowed into [[Cobas Haven]].<ref>{{WR|3|XIV}}, West, p. 434</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Edhellond was founded in the late [[First Age]] by seafaring [[Sindar]]<ref group="note">They escaped from [[Brithombar]] or [[Eglarest]] (the [[Havens of the Falas]] on the west coast of [[Beleriand]]) when they were destroyed in the years after the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]], but that whereas [[Círdan]] and [[Gil-galad]] made a refuge on the [[Isle of Balar]], these three ships' companies sailed far further south down the coasts, to [[Belfalas]].</ref> from the west havens of [[Beleriand]] who fled in three small ships when the power of [[Morgoth]] overwhelmed the [[Eldar]] and the [[Edain]]; but it was later increased by adventurers of the [[Silvan Elves]] seeking for the sea who came down [[Anduin]].<ref name="Amroth">{{UT|Amroth}}</ref> <br />
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Another account states that the haven was established in the early [[Second Age]] by [[Elves of Lindon|Elves from Lindon]]. They were a remnant of the [[Iathrim|people of Doriath]] who still harboured a grudge against the [[Noldor]].<ref name="Amroth"/> They learned the craft of shipbuilding at the [[Grey Havens]] and then settled at the mouth of the [[Morthond]].<ref name="Amroth"/><br />
<br />
[[Amroth]] ruled among the [[Silvan Elves]] here circa {{SA|730}}.<ref>{{UT|Wife}}</ref> From Edhellond, Elves began sailing westward from the time of the [[Sack of Eregion|fall of Eregion]] in {{SA|1697}}.<ref>{{App|SA}}</ref><ref name="Preface">{{ATB|Preface}}</ref><br />
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After {{SA|1701}}, Silvan Elves accompanied [[Galadriel]] and [[Celeborn]] from [[Lothlórien]] to this region after the defeat of [[Sauron]] in [[Eriador]] in the middle of the Second Age.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> <br />
<br />
Around {{TA|1980}}, with the freeing of [[Durin's Bane|the Balrog]] in [[Moria]], many of the [[Galadhrim]] fled south to Edhellond and sailed over the [[Sea]] to [[Valinor]]. [[Amroth]], [[King of Lórien]], was lost at sea near Edhellond in {{TA|1981|n}} when he attempted to swim to shore to seek his beloved [[Nimrodel]]. The ship from which he jumped overboard was the last ship of [[Elves]] to leave from Edhellond, which was deserted from then on,<ref name="Amroth" /> although remembered in the traditions of [[Men of Gondor|Men in Gondor]].<ref name="Preface"/><br />
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== Etymology ==<br />
Edhellond means "Elf Haven" in [[Sindarin]] (from ''[[edhel]]'' = "Elf"<ref>{{S|Appendix}}, ''edhel''</ref> and ''[[lond]]'' = "harbour, haven"<ref>{{S|Appendix}}, ''londë''</ref>).<br />
<br />
{{notes}}<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages]]<br />
[[Category:Gondor]]<br />
[[Category:Harbours]]<br />
[[de:Edhellond]]<br />
[[fi:Edhellond]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo:geographie:villes_tours_et_forteresses:gondor:edhellond]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Edhellond&diff=305053Edhellond2019-06-07T00:32:12Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{disambig-more|Amroth|[[Amroth (disambiguation)]]}}<br />
{{location infobox<br />
| name=Edhellond<br />
| image=[[File:John Howe - Edhellond.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Edhellond" by [[John Howe]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=Amroth's Haven<ref>{{RK|V9}}</ref><br />
| location=Southern [[Gondor]], confluence of the [[Ringló]] and [[Morthond]] rivers<br />
| type=Harbour<br />
| description=A far southern haven of the [[Elves]]<br />
| regions=<br />
| towns=<br />
| inhabitants=Founded by [[Sindar]], later joined by many [[Silvan Elves]]<br />
| created=Late [[First Age]]<ref name="Amroth" /><br />
| destroyed=<br />
| events=Loss of [[Amroth]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Edhellond''' was an ancient harbour in southern [[Gondor]]. It had been established south-west of where the [[Ringló]] entered the [[Morthond]],<ref>{{UT|Map}}</ref> near where the combined waters flowed into [[Cobas Haven]].<ref>{{WR|3|XIV}}, West, p. 434</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Edhellond was founded in the late [[First Age]] by seafaring [[Sindar]]<ref group="note">They escaped from [[Brithombar]] or [[Eglarest]] (the [[Havens of the Falas]] on the west coast of [[Beleriand]]) when they were destroyed in the years after the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]], but that whereas [[Círdan]] and [[Gil-galad]] made a refuge on the [[Isle of Balar]], these three ships' companies sailed far further south down the coasts, to [[Belfalas]].</ref> from the west havens of [[Beleriand]] who fled in three small ships when the power of [[Morgoth]] overwhelmed the [[Eldar]] and the [[Edain]]; but it was later increased by adventurers of the [[Silvan Elves]] seeking for the sea who came down [[Anduin]].<ref name="Amroth">{{UT|Amroth}}</ref> <br />
<br />
Another account states that the haven was established in the early [[Second Age]] by [[Elves of Lindon|Elves from Lindon]]. They were a remnant of the [[Iathrim|people of Doriath]] who still harboured a grudge against the [[Noldor]].<ref name="Amroth"/> They learned the craft of shipbuilding at the [[Grey Havens]] and then settled at the mouth of the [[Morthond]].<ref name="Amroth"/><br />
<br />
[[Amroth]] ruled among the [[Silvan Elves]] here circa {{SA|730}}.<ref>{{UT|Wife}}</ref> From Edhellond, Elves began sailing westward from the time of the [[Sack of Eregion|fall of Eregion]] in {{SA|1697}}.<ref>{{App|SA}}</ref><ref name="Preface">{{ATB|Preface}}</ref><br />
<br />
After {{SA|1701}}, Silvan Elves accompanied [[Galadriel]] and [[Celeborn]] from [[Lothlórien]] to this region after the defeat of [[Sauron]] in [[Eriador]] in the middle of the Second Age.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> <br />
<br />
Around {{TA|1980}} with the freeing of [[Durin's Bane|the Balrog]] in [[Moria]] many of the Galadhrim fled south to Edhellond and sailed over Sea to [[Valinor]]. [[Amroth]], [[King of Lórien]], was lost at sea near Edhellond in {{TA|1981|n}} when he attempted to swim to shore to seek his beloved [[Nimrodel]]. The ship from which he jumped overboard was the last ship of [[Elves]] to leave from Edhellond, which was deserted from then on,<ref name="Amroth" /> although remembered in the traditions of [[Men of Gondor|Men in Gondor]].<ref name="Preface"/><br />
<br />
== Etymology ==<br />
Edhellond means "Elf Haven" in [[Sindarin]] (from ''[[edhel]]'' = "Elf"<ref>{{S|Appendix}}, ''edhel''</ref> and ''[[lond]]'' = "harbour, haven"<ref>{{S|Appendix}}, ''londë''</ref>).<br />
<br />
{{notes}}<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages]]<br />
[[Category:Gondor]]<br />
[[Category:Harbours]]<br />
[[de:Edhellond]]<br />
[[fi:Edhellond]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo:geographie:villes_tours_et_forteresses:gondor:edhellond]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Second_Age_350&diff=305050Second Age 3502019-06-06T23:13:44Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ardayearheader|203|213|222|350|361|371|377}}<br />
* Birth of [[Tar-Elendil|Elendil]], fourth [[King of Númenor|King]] of [[Númenor]] and eldest son and child of [[Tar-Amandil]].<ref name="UT">{{UT|Kings}}, "IV ''Tar-Elendil''"</ref><br />
* Around this time, both [[Galadriel]] and [[Celeborn]] crossed into [[Eriador]] with many Noldor in their following, together with [[Sindar]] and [[Green-elves]]; and for a while they dwelt in the country about [[Lake Nenuial]].<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref><br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Second Age years|0350]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Celeborn&diff=305049Celeborn2019-06-06T23:10:35Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{cleanup}}{{sources}}<br />
{{disambig-two|the Lord of Lórien|the Tree|[[Celeborn (White Tree)]]}}<br />
{{sindar infobox<br />
| image=[[File:Ebe Kastein - Celeborn.jpg|250px]]<br />
| name=Celeborn<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=[[Telerin|T.]] ''[[Teleporno]]''<br />
| titles=Lord of [[Lothlórien|Lórien]]<br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Doriath]]; [[Lindon]]; [[Eregion]]; [[Edhellond]]; [[Imladris]]; [[Lothlórien]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]]<br />
| language=[[Sindarin]], [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Uncertain, see [[#Controversy|below]]<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule={{SA|1}} - c. {{SA|350|n}} ([[Harlindon]])<br>{{TA|1981}} - c. {{FoA|120}} ([[Lórien]]) <br />
| sailedwest=Before {{FoA|120}}<ref>{{FR|Prologue}}</ref><ref name=AppTale>{{App|Tale}}</ref><br />
| sailedfrom=[[Grey Havens]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=A member of the royal house of [[Doriath]]<br />
| parentage=[[Galadhon]] <br />
| siblings=[[Galathil]] <br />
| spouse=[[Galadriel]]<br />
| children=[[Celebrían]], ([[Amroth]]<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref>, earlier version)<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=c. 6 feet 4 inches (193cm)<ref group="note">In the chapter "[[The Mirror of Galadriel]]", the heights of Galadriel and Celeborn are described: "Very tall they were, and the Lady no less tall than the Lord". Galadriel's height of 6'4'' comes from "Appendix: Númenórean Linear Measures" to "[[The Disaster of the Gladden Fields]]" in ''[[Unfinished Tales]]''.</ref><br />
| hair=Silver, long<ref name="Mirror">{{FR|Mirror}}</ref><br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Celeborn''' ([[Sindarin|S]]: "silver-tall", pron. {{IPA|[ˈkeleborn]}}) was a noble [[Elves|Elf]] - a member of the [[Sindar]]<ref name=appb/><ref name=rgeo/> - who wedded [[Galadriel]] of the [[Noldor]]. After crossing the Blue Mountains at the beginning of the Second Age and living in the realm of [[Eregion]] for a while, he and Galadriel moved to [[Lothlórien]] to become the [[Lord of Lórien|Lord and Lady of Lórien]]. Their daughter [[Celebrían]] married [[Elrond]] Half-elven whose daughter [[Arwen]] chose a mortal life to wed [[Aragorn]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===Early life===<br />
Celeborn was a [[Sindar|Sindarin]] prince from [[Doriath]],<ref name="Sil-13">{{S|13}}</ref> being the grandson of [[Elmo]] the brother of [[Thingol|Elwe/Thingol]], and thus he was the grand-nephew of the [[King of Doriath]].<ref name="GC"/> <br />
<br />
{{seealso|#Telerin descent}}<br />
<br />
[[File:Līga Kļaviņa - Love at First Sight.jpg|left|thumb|Līga Kļaviņa - ''Love at First Sight'']]<br />
In the early [[Years of the Sun]], [[Finrod]] and [[Galadriel]] came to Doriath as guests of Elu Thingol. There Celeborn and Galadriel met, fell in love and were wedded. Galadriel remained in Doriath with Celeborn after [[Finrod]] went to the [[Caverns of Narog]] to establish the stronghold of [[Nargothrond]]. <ref name="Sil-13"/><br />
<br />
For the rest of the [[First Age]], Celeborn and Galadriel are not mentioned to have played any significant role in the general course of events of the Age, while their relatives, both Sindarin and Noldorin did. The only thing that can be said for sure, is that the couple survived the [[Wars of Beleriand]], including the [[Second Kinslaying]] by the [[Sons of Feanor]]<ref>{{S|24}}</ref>. They may have escaped to the [[Havens of Sirion|Havens]] or the [[Isle of Balar]].<br />
<br />
===Second Age===<br />
After the [[War of wrath|fall of Beleriand]], Celeborn and Galadriel came to [[Lindon]] the coastal region west of the Blue Mountains. Celeborn ruled the fief of [[Harlindon]], which was composed mostly of Sindar, under the [[High King of the Noldor]] [[Gil-galad]].<ref>{{PM|X}}</ref> <br />
<br />
Around {{SA|350}}, both [[Galadriel]] and Celeborn crossed into [[Eriador]] with many Noldor in their following, together with [[Sindar]] and [[Green-elves]]; and for a while they dwelt in the country about [[Lake Nenuial]].<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> They departed for [[Eregion]] in {{SA|700}} and arrived there by {{SA|750}}.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref>They dwelt for a time with [[Celebrimbor]] and the jewelsmiths of [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]]. After Celebrimbor had largely taken over, they made contact with the [[Nandor]] of Lindórinand, across the [[Hithaeglir]]. Not long after they went through [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]] to live there, becoming great among its people. <br />
<br />
It is said that Celeborn fought in the [[Sack of Eregion]], and he and [[Elrond]] narrowly escaped to a dell, where the latter founded [[Rivendell]].<ref name="GC"/> <br />
<br />
But at some later time, [[Galadriel]] and Celeborn departed from Imladris and went to the little-inhabited lands between the mouth of the [[Gwathló]] and [[Ethir Anduin]].<ref name=Galadriel>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref> There they dwelt in Belfalas, at [[Edhellond]],<ref name=Galadriel/> near the place that was afterwards called [[Dol Amroth]]; and their company was swelled by [[Silvan Elves]] from Lórinand.<ref name=Galadriel/><br />
<br />
===Third Age===<br />
In early Third Age Amroth was weary of Middle-earth and wished to sail to the [[Valinor|West]]. He departed to [[Edhellond]] and by the year {{TA|1981}}, King Amroth drowned in the Bay of Belfalas. Celeborn and Galadriel took the title [[Lord and Lady of Galadhrim|Lord and Lady]] of Lothlórien, the new name for Lindórinand and together they built [[Caras Galadhon]].<br />
<br />
Celeborn and Galadriel had a daughter named [[Celebrían]],<ref group=note>Celebrían's exact date and place of birth are not specified.</ref> who later married [[Elrond]] Half-elven of [[Rivendell]], thus making Celeborn and his wife Galadriel the grandparents of the twins [[Elladan]] and [[Elrohir]] and their younger sister [[Arwen|Arwen Undómiel]]. <br />
[[File:Rowena Morrill - The Swan-Boat of Galadriel.jpg|thumb|left|Rowena Morrill - ''The Swan-Boat of Galadriel'']]<br />
In response to the growing threat of [[Dol Guldur]], the [[White Council]] was formed in {{TA|2463}}. Galadriel was on it; it is likely that Celeborn was also a member. <br />
<br />
During the [[War of the Ring]] in {{TA|3019}}, Lórien received the [[Fellowship of the Ring]], composed of various travelers on the [[Quest of the Ring|quest]] to destroy [[the One Ring]]. He offered advice, and boats for the [[Anduin]], speeding them on their way. <br />
<br />
Celeborn's most significant recorded actions came in the same year (in March 3019), when he repulsed three attacks by [[orcs]] of [[Dol Guldur]]. Celeborn then marshalled his forces to cross the Anduin and [[Fall of Dol Guldur|lay siege to Dol Guldur]]. He captured the fortress, and Galadriel threw down its walls and purified it.<br />
<br />
===After the War of the Ring===<br />
Celeborn attended the wedding of [[Aragorn|King Elessar]] and his granddaughter [[Arwen]], and on the journey to return bade a fond farewell to [[Treebeard]] as well.<br />
<br />
{{quote|I do not think we shall meet again."<br>"I do not know, Eldest.|[[Treebeard]] and Celeborn, ''[[Many Partings]]''}}.<br />
<br />
Celeborn returned to Lothlórien, but the power of [[Nenya]] was broken. It no longer was filled with the light and life it had before. It is believed that [[Celeborn]] also relocated to Rivendell to reside with [[Elladan]] and [[Elrohir]] after the departure of [[Galadriel]] and having also grown weary of [[East Lórien]].<ref>{{FR|Prologue}}</ref><ref>{{App|Great}}</ref> <br />
<br />
By {{FoA|120}}, he sought the [[Grey Havens]] and sailed west aboard [[Last Ship]] with [[Cirdan the Shipwright]], but when he did so, he took with him the last memory of the Elder Days in Middle-earth.<ref>{{FR|Prologue}}</ref><ref>{{App|Tale}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Character==<br />
What can be gleaned of his personality is that he was quick-thinking and swift to act, one of the wisest elves of Middle-earth in the Third Age. He was a warrior too, leading his followers into battle against [[Dol Guldur]] and other menaces. <br />
<br />
==Other Versions of the Legendarium==<br />
Up to the time when ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' was published, there had been no mention of Celeborn in the previously written legendarium. [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] later attempted multiple times to fix upon the story behind such an important elf. He remains a fairly unsubstantial character in the legendarium, for despite his profound effect upon the doings of the Elder Days, there is very little direct information on him as a person.<br />
<br />
In his first writings (which make up the bulk of the matter of Celeborn)and the works published during Tolkien's lifetime, the elf-lord is portrayed as a kinsman of Thingol and one of the Sindar,<ref name=appb>{{App|B1}}</ref><ref name=rgeo>{{RGEO|Notes}}</ref> and met Galadriel when she came with the Noldor into exile. In a brief, speculative paper written by Tolkien included in ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'', Celeborn is made Thingol’s grandnephew, by the King’s brother [[Elmo]], who is also linked to Círdan. Elmo appears nowhere else in the legendarium.<br />
<br />
===Telerin descent===<br />
According to an alternate history of Celeborn and Galadriel in [[Unfinished Tales]], Celeborn was a [[Teler]] of noble rank in [[Alqualondë]], born '''[[Teleporno]]'''<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, pp. 347, 364 (note 46)</ref>, grandson of [[Olwë]], King of the [[Falmari]] (so that he still was a kinsman of the king Thingol back in Beleriand).<ref name="GC">{{UT|6}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Galadriel|Artanis]], Olwë's granddaughter and a [[Noldor]]in princess of great beauty, often spent long visits to Alqualondë and her mother’s kin. During this time the two fell in love, and Teleporno gave her the romantic epithet ''[[Alatáriel]]'', meaning "Maiden Crowned with Radiant Garland".<ref name="Shib">{{PM|Shibboleth}}</ref> Teleporno's name gained an additional [[Quenya]] form, '''[[Telporno]]''' (pron. {{IPA|[telˈporno]}}).<br />
<br />
Later, Teleporno and Artanis helped to defend Alqualondë from the Noldor during the [[Kinslaying at Alqualondë|First Kinslaying]]. Nevertheless, Artanis’s heart was fired by the stories of [[Fëanor]] of the open lands across the [[Belegaer|sea]]. She urged Teleporno to take a ship eastward to [[Endor]], and he gave in. In doing so the two fell under the [[Ban of the Valar]].<br />
<br />
In Beleriand, Teleporno and Artanis were greeted by [[Thingol|Elu Thingol]], High King of the [[Sindar]] and Lord of [[Doriath]]. Teleporno eventually "[[Sindarization|Sindarized]]" his name to Celeborn; Artanis Sindarinized the epithet Celeborn had given her, and Alatáriel became Galadriel.<br />
===Controversy===<br />
Celeborn as a Telerin prince seems a late development. This altered origin was not adopted into the published ''[[Silmarillion]]'', primarily because it contradicted published [[canon]], and was not incorporated in Tolkien's drafts of the earlier parts, and therefore would have necessitated a major rewrite by [[Christopher Tolkien]] and [[Guy Gavriel Kay]] to account for a separate departure of Galadriel. <br />
<br />
{{quote|On the other hand, the making of Celeborn into a Telerin Elf of Aman contradicts not only statements in The Silmarillion, but also those cited already from The Road Goes Ever On and Appendix B to The Lord of the Rings”|[[Christopher Tolkien]], [[Unfinished Tales]]}}<br />
<br />
It's unknown whether Tolkien would have revised the story or would have felt bound by published writings.<br />
<br />
His Telerin ancestry would have made the couple first or second cousin. In the [[Morgoth's Ring]] it is stated that the first cousins might marry, but seldom did so, or desired to do so.<ref>{{MR|Laws}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Celeborn.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
''Celeborn'' is a [[Sindarin]] name, consisting of ''[[celeb]]'' ("silver") + a derivative of ''[[ornā]]'' ("tall"). ''Teleporno'', his original [[Telerin]] name, has an identical meaning. The name Teleporno was "Sindarized" as ''Celeborn'': [[Telerin]] ''[[telepi|telpe]]'' ("silver") (Quenya ''[[telpe|tyelpe]]'') was transformed to Sindarin ''celeb''.<ref>{{UT|6e}}</ref><br />
<br />
He was given the epithet "the Wise" by Galadriel in ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''.<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Celeborn in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|lines=2<br />
|File:Angus McBride - Celeborn.jpg|Celeborn in ''[[Middle-earth: The Wizards]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings (1978 film) - Celeborn.jpg|Celeborn in [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings (film series) - Celeborn 2.jpg|Celeborn in [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings - The Fellowship of the Ring (video game) - Celeborn.jpg|Celeborn in [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Celeborn.jpg|Celeborn in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''1978: ''[[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|The Lord of the Rings]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn only has a brief, role and speaks only one line. He appeared beside [[Galadriel]] for a brief shot.<br />
<br />
'''1981: ''[[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|The Lord of the Rings]]'''''<br />
:Celeborn was voiced by [[Simon Cadell]]. Unusually, virtually the whole dialogue Celeborn speaks in the book is utilised in the radio adaptation. <br />
<br />
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn is played by [[Marton Csokas]]. The role was extremely small in the theatrical version, but expanded slightly in the Extended Edition of ''The Fellowship of the Ring''. In that version, he participates in giving gifts to the Fellowship as they are leaving Lórien. Notably, he gives [[Aragorn]] a dagger and warns him of the dangers the Fellowship will face while sailing down the [[Anduin]]. <br />
<br />
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:Celeborn makes a brief appearance in Lothlorien.<br />
<br />
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn leaves for Valinor with Galadriel and the other Ringbearers, rather than remaining behind as in the book.<br />
<br />
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn only appears during the "Evil" campaign, when is he is slain by the Forces of Sauron.<br />
<br />
'''2007-: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn can be found alongside Galadriel on a main talan in [[Caras Galadhon]]. He is involved in various storylines, including negotiations with the Dwarves of the Iron Hill Garrison and organization of a military assault against [[Dol Guldur]] in [[Mirkwood]].<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[:Category:Images of Celeborn|Images of Celeborn]]<br />
<br />
{{references|notes}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:Falmari]]<br />
[[Category:Sindar]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Second Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Fourth Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin names]]<br />
[[de:Celeborn (Elb)]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:elfes:teleri:sindar:celeborn]]<br />
[[fi:Celeborn]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Galadriel&diff=305048Galadriel2019-06-06T23:10:19Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{sources}}<br />
{{disambig-more|Galadriel|[[Galadriel (disambiguation)]]}}<br />
{{noldor infobox<br />
| name=Galadriel<br />
| image=[[File:Matt Stewart - Galadriel.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Galadriel" by [[:Category:Images by Matt Stewart|Matt Stewart]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=''[[#Names|Artanis]]'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Father-name|fn]]),<br/>''[[Nerwen]]'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Amilessë|mn]])<br/>''[[Galadriel#Names|Alatáriel]]'' ([[Telerin|T]], [[epessë]])<br />
| titles= Lady of [[Lothlórien]],<br/>Lady of Light,<br/>Lady of the Wood,<br/>Lady of the [[Galadhrim]]<br/>Mistress of Magic<ref>Called thus by [[Faramir (son of Denethor II)|Faramir]] ({{TT|Window}}).</ref><br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Tirion]]; [[Doriath]]; [[Lindon]]; [[Eregion]]; [[Imladris]]; [[Edhellond]]; [[Lothlórien]]<br />
| affiliation=[[White Council]], [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]]<br />
| language=[[Quenya]], [[Sindarin]] and [[Silvan Elvish]]<br />
| birth={{YT|1362}}<ref>{{MR|P2l}}, p. 106</ref><br />
| birthlocation=[[Tirion]]<br />
| rule={{TA|1981}} - {{TA|3021}}<br />
| sailedwest=[[29 September]], {{TA|3021}}<br />
| sailedfrom=[[Grey Havens]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=[[House of Finarfin]]<br />
| parentage=[[Finarfin]] and [[Eärwen]]<br />
| siblings=[[Finrod]], [[Angrod]] and [[Aegnor]]<br />
| spouse=[[Celeborn]]<br />
| children=[[Celebrían]] ([[Amroth]]<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref>, earlier version)<br />
| gender=Female<br />
| height=6 feet, 4 inches (193cm)<ref>{{UT|Measures}}</ref><ref group=note>Quote by J.R.R. Tolkien from the Unfinished Tales, the same section referenced:'' "Thus two rangar was often called 'man-high', which at thirty-eight inches gives an average height of six feet four inches; (1.93 meters) '''but this was at a later date, when the stature of the Dúnedain appears to have decreased'''..."'' (emphasis mine)</ref><br />
| hair=Radiant gold-silver<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=White robes<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
{{quote|Very tall [Galadriel and Celeborn] were, and the Lady no less tall than the Lord; and they were grave and beautiful. They were clad wholly in white; and the hair of the Lady was of deep gold… but no sign of age was upon them, unless it were in the depths of their eyes; for these were keen as lances in the starlight, and yet profound, the wells of deep memory.|''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', "[[The Mirror of Galadriel]]"}}<br />
'''Galadriel''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[ɡaˈladri.el]}}) was a [[Noldo]], one of the [[Calaquendi]], and arguably the most famous and powerful elf of the [[Third Age]]. She was one of the bearers of the [[Three Rings]], of [[Nenya]], and with it kept her realm of [[Lothlórien]] free of stain.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===Life in Aman===<br />
When a fourth child was born to [[Finarfin]], prince of the Noldor, and [[Eärwen]], princess of the [[Falmari|Teleri]], her father named her '''[[Artanis]]''', which is "noble woman". She was unusually tall and strong as she grew, and so Eärwen’s name for her was '''[[Nerwen]]''', "man-maiden". Though the source of her hair colour was from her parents, it was said among the Eldar that her hair had captured the light of the [[Two Trees]] in Valinor, which resulted a unique and dazzling colour of gold and silver.<ref name=Galadriel>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref> According to a legend, this is how [[Fëanor]] conceived the idea of capturing the light of the trees inside the [[Silmarils]]. Despite her mixed blood, she was identified as a princess of the Noldor, as her father was the third son of [[Finwë]], [[High King of the Noldor]].<br />
<br />
During the [[Darkening of Valinor]], she was very independent and visionary. She swore no [[Oath of Fëanor|oaths]], but the words of Fëanor concerning Middle-earth kindled a desire in her heart, as she was eager to see those wide unguarded lands and rule a realm of her own.<br />
During the troubles that followed, even though she participated in the revolt of the Noldor,<ref>{{RGEO|Notes}}</ref> she fought against Fëanor in defence of her mother's kin in the [[Kinslaying of Alqualondë]].<ref name=Galadriel/> Accounts suggest she travelled among the second group led by Fingolfin, which joined the battle at [[Alqualondë]] late and without knowing how it had started. Some of that group had not participated in the killing, although it is not clear who and how many. Dismayed by the Doom of [[Mandos]], her father Finarfin abandoned the march of the Noldor and returned to Valinor. But Galadriel and her brothers crossed the [[Helcaraxë]] in far north and arrived to the northern shores of [[Hither Lands]]<ref name="Sil9">{{S|Flight}}</ref>. <br />
<br />
:See also: ''[[#Other Versions of the Legendarium|Other Versions of the Legendarium]]''.<br />
<br />
===Arrival to Middle-earth===<br />
[[File:Līga Kļaviņa - Love at First Sight.jpg|left|thumb|Līga Kļaviņa - ''Love at First Sight'']]<br />
In [[Beleriand]], Galadriel and her eldest brother [[Finrod Felagund]] came to [[Doriath]] as guests of [[Elu Thingol]], the King of Doriath. It was there she met [[Celeborn]], a kinsman of Thingol, who would become her husband and companion in Middle-earth<ref>{{S|13}}</ref>. When her brother Finrod departed to the [[Caverns of Narog]] to establish the stronghold of [[Nargothrond]], Galadriel did not go with him and remained in Doriath with her husband, though she occasionally visited her brother in Nargothrond.<br />
[[Image:Donato Giancola - Galadriel and the mirror.jpg|right|thumb|[[Donato Giancola]] - ''Galadriel and the mirror'']]<br />
During her days in Doriath, Galadriel became friends with Queen [[Melian]] the [[Maia]], and they spoke often to one another about Valinor.<ref name="Sil15">{{S|15}}</ref> Melian was eager to learn the causes of the [[Exile of the Noldor|Exile of the Noldor]], but Galadriel would tell her nothing of what occurred after the death of the Trees. Eventually, however, as Melian’s guesses became more shrewd and accurate, Galadriel revealed the tale to her, though still leaving out the Oath of Feanor, the Kinslaying and the burning of the Ships at [[Losgar]].<ref name="Sil15"/> Melian was able to discern some of what was left unsaid, and still more came as rumors to Thingol’s ears. At last, egged on by the accusing words of Thingol, [[Angrod]] told all. Galadriel was not expelled from Doriath because of Thingol’s sympathy to the houses of Finarfin and Fingolfin for the wrongs they had suffered. All the same, she went to Nargothrond to live with Finrod for a time.<ref name="Sil15"/> Presumably, she returned to Doriath to live with her husband.<br />
<br />
Galadriel did not have any significant role in the general course of events in the [[War of the Jewels]]. She and Celeborn survived, or even were not present in the [[Sack of Nargothrond|destruction of Nargothrond]] in {{FA|495}} and [[Second Kinslaying|Doriath]] in {{FA|503}}/{{FA|506}}. It is not unlikely that after the destruction of Doriath they went to the [[Havens of Sirion]] along with many survivors of Beleriand (or even with their Telerin kin to the [[Isle of Balar]] with [[Círdan]]). Thus they even survived the [[Third Kinslaying]], and after that, the [[War of Wrath]].<br />
<br />
After the overthrow of Morgoth, a ban was set upon her return to Aman by the Valar, but she was proud and replied that she had no interest in returning.<ref>{{RGEO|Notes}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Second Age===<br />
After the War of Wrath, Galadriel and Celeborn came to [[Lindon]] with the other survivors of Beleriand.<ref>{{App|B1}}</ref>They ruled over the fiefdom of [[Harlindon]], which was composed mostly of [[Sindar]], under the [[Gil-galad|High King Gil-galad]]<ref>{{PM|X}}</ref>. Eventually the couple moved to a new land called [[Eregion]] in far eastwards of Lindon.<ref>{{RGEO|Notes}}</ref> Around {{SA|350}}, both Galadriel and [[Celeborn]] crossed into [[Eriador]] with many Noldor in their following, together with [[Sindar]] and [[Green-elves]]; and for a while they dwelt in the country about [[Lake Nenuial]].<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> They departed for [[Eregion]] in {{SA|700}} and arrived there by {{SA|750}}.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> It was ruled by [[Celebrimbor]], a grandson of Fëanor and distant cousin of Galadriel. They dwelt there for a time and Galadriel was probably present during the crafting of the [[Rings of Power]]. Eventually, Galadriel and Celeborn made contact with the [[Nandor]] of [[Amdír]], who dwelt in a forest realm called Lindórinand (Vale of the Land of Singers) across the [[Misty Mountains]]. They crossed the [[Hithaeglir]] through [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]] and relocated to there, becoming great among the [[Silvan Elves|Wood-elves]]. <br />
<br />
Celebrimbor and the jewelsmiths of [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]] collaborated with [[Annatar]] on the great process of making Rings of Power.<ref name="SilV">{{S|V}}</ref> By Annatar’s help, the Elves of Eregion created many rings, but both Celebrimbor and Annatar created greater rings of their own in secret. Celebrimbor wrought the [[Three Rings]] of the Elves, which were far more powerful than the lesser rings. Annatar, however, wrought [[the One Ring]]. When he placed it on his finger, the Elves were aware of his treachery, and took off their rings. Celebrimbor, afraid for his life but even more for the safety of the Three Rings, sent them to two of the [[Wise]]: [[Narya]] and [[Vilya]] for Gil-galad and [[Círdan]], respectively, and [[Nenya]] for Galadriel. Very few even of the Eldar knew who hid each of these Rings. Celebrimbor was slain by [[Sauron]] not long after, and Eregion was laid waste.<ref name="SilV"/> But the Three Rings were safe. [[Image:Angus McBride - Galadriel.gif|thumb|left|250px|[[Angus McBride]] - ''Galadriel'']]<br />
At this time, many Noldor of Sindarin speech migrated to the realm of Amdír, escaping from the destruction of Eregion, and Celeborn fortified it against Sauron's attempts to cross the Anduin. Soon thereafter, the White Council (not to be confused with the first White Council of the Third Age) was held in the newly-found realm of Imladris, where Elrond met and fell in love with Celebrían, the daughter that Galadriel and Celeborn had at some time during the Second Age.<ref name=Galadriel/><br />
<br />
But at some later time, Galadriel and Celeborn departed from Imladris and went to the little-inhabited lands between the mouth of the [[Gwathló]] and [[Ethir Anduin]].<ref name=Galadriel/> There they dwelt in Belfalas, at [[Edhellond]],<ref name=Galadriel/> near the place that was afterwards called [[Dol Amroth]]; and their company was swelled by [[Silvan Elves]] from Lórinand.<ref name=Galadriel/><br />
<br />
In time [[Amdír]], [[King of Lórien]], was slain in the [[Battle of Dagorlad]] during the [[War of the Last Alliance]]. Celeborn may have participated in the war, but the greatest effect it had on the twain was the destruction of [[Sauron]] and the loss of [[the One Ring]]. Galadriel was now free to use her ring.<br />
<br />
===Third Age===<br />
When King [[Amroth]] son of Amdír perished, Celeborn and Galadriel left [[Edhellond]] to rule Lindórinand jointly, and were called the [[Lord and Lady of Galadhrim]]. Galadriel planted the [[mallorn]] seeds brought with her from Lindon, the only mallorn east of the Sea, and afterwards the realm was called Lórinand (Valley of Gold) and Laurelindórinand (Valley of the Singing Gold), which through some transformations turned into the later name of [[Lothlórien]] or Lórien. They established [[Caras Galadhon]], and the realm of Lothlórien was one of light and life. With [[Nenya]], the Ring of Water, Galadriel made the realm of Lórien even greater. With the power of her ring, she protected it from the intrusion of evils throughout the Third Age.It was during their days of power and glory in Lothlórien that Celebrían, their only child, married [[Elrond]], a close friend of Galadriel’s and bearer of [[Vilya]] after the death of Gil-galad during the Alliance. Celeborn and Galadriel had three grandchildren by her, one of whom, [[Arwen]], they were especially close to. But Celebrían was waylaid and tortured by [[Orcs]] in {{TA|2509}}, and passed West over the sea.<br />
<br />
In {{TA|2463}}, the [[White Council]] was formed. Galadriel, being one of the [[Wise]] and the greatest threat to Sauron alive, was one of the members.<ref name="SilV"/> Celeborn may have been as well, but this is not known for sure. She was a good friend of [[Gandalf]], and recommended that he be made head of the Council. But this distinction fell instead to [[Saruman]], whom she distrusted. Sometime before the Quest for the Lonely Mountain, the White Council began to notice a dark shadow arising in Mirkwood. When Gandalf later discovered it to be Sauron, he urged the council to drive him out. After deliberating, the council acted and Galadriel assisted them in driving Sauron out of Dol Guldur in the year 2941 of the Third Age.<br />
<br />
[[Image:Billy Mosig - The Mirror of Galadriel.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Billy Mosig]] - ''The Mirror of Galadriel'']]During the [[War of the Ring]], Galadriel met the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] in {{TA|3019}}. She especially was attentive to the [[Hobbits|Hobbit]] [[Frodo Baggins]], who was the bearer of [[the One Ring]]. She showed him Nenya, and let him gaze into her [[Mirror of Galadriel|mirror]] of seeing. He offered her the One Ring, and despite the extreme temptation, she resisted it successfully. She sent the Fellowship off on their quest furnished with [[Gifts_of_Galadriel|gifts]]. The two most important gifts she gave were to [[Aragorn]], whom she knew well and liked, and a [[Dwarves|dwarf]] named [[Gimli]]. To Aragorn she gave the [[Elfstone]], which she and her daughter Celebrían had worn. This jewel was created for her by Celebrimbor in Eregion, in remembrance of the first Elfstone, that was now lost.<ref name=Galadriel/> She was unsure as to what to give Gimli, and asked what he wanted. After complimenting her beauty, he requested a single strand of her hair. Galadriel remembered the posing of a similar question by Fëanor, but had searched Gimli’s heart and knew that his intentions were pure. She rewarded him with three strands, which he was later to put into an imperishable crystal in memory of her.<br />
<br />
Not long after the departure of the Fellowship she received the resurrected Gandalf. She reclothed and refurnished him, giving him a new staff. After Gandalf left, Lothlórien was subjected to three successive attacks by armies coming out of [[Dol Guldur]]. By the power of her Ring they were thrice repulsed. Celeborn then led [[Fall of Dol Guldur|an attack on Dol Guldur]] itself. Once the dark fortress was in the hands of the Galadhrim, Galadriel came, threw down its walls, and purified it of its evil. It was her last act of power, for the One Ring was destroyed, and the strength of Nenya waned and eventually vanished almost completely.<br />
<br />
===Return to Valinor===<br />
Galadriel attended the wedding of Aragorn with Arwen, then returned to Lothlórien. But in {{TA|3021}}, two years later, she bade farewell to Celeborn her husband and went West to Valinor. With her went the other two bearers of the Rings, Gandalf and Elrond, and Frodo and Bilbo Baggins who had borne the One Ring. They passed West, and came never again to Middle-earth. There in Valinor Galadriel must have tried to heal Frodo of his spiritual wounds.{{fact}} Whether she was successful or not is unknown. But sometime later during the [[Fourth Age]] she received Celeborn{{fact}}, her husband. And in {{FoA|120}}, it is said, she received Gimli her admirer, who was the first and only dwarf to enter Valinor.<br />
<br />
==Characteristics==<br />
Galadriel was very beautiful, her hair being the most notable feature about her. It reminded the Eldar of the light of the [[Two Trees]].<ref name=Galadriel/> Galadriel, at least in her earlier years, was of a somewhat proud and rebellious nature. She was free-spirited, and during her time in Aman had many dreams of wide unexplored lands. In her early youth, she was very willful and of an "Amazon" disposition; and bound up her hair as a crown when taking part in athletic feats.<ref>{{L|348}}</ref> Her favorite brother was Finrod, for he, too, shared this vision. She could explore the minds and hearts of others, and her gaze was seeing. It may be because of her unusual beauty and power that she became proud.<br />
<br />
But by the Third Age she is also seen to act with wisdom and gentleness. In ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', she appears very gentle, firm, and wise. She was revered even more than Celeborn by the Galadhrim and all who met her.<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Galadriel.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
''[[Galadriel]]'' is a [[Sindarin]] name translated by [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] as "glittering garland",<ref>{{L|345}}, p. 423</ref> "Maiden crowned with gleaming hair",<ref>{{L|348}}, p. 428</ref> and "maiden crowned with a radiant garland".<ref name=SApp>{{S|Appendix}}</ref><ref>{{HM|RC}}, pp. 44-45</ref> It has been suggested that ''Galadriel'' consists of ''[[galad]]'' ("light, radiance") + ''[[rî]]'' ("crown") + ''[[iell]]'' ("daughter").<ref>{{webcite|articleurl=http://www.tolkiendil.com/langues/english/i-lam_arth/compound_sindarin_names#g|articlename=Compound Sindarin Names|website= [http://www.tolkiendil.com/ Tolkiendil.com]}}</ref> Tolkien notes that the element ''galad'' had no relation to Sindarin ''[[galadh]]'' ("tree", or Silvan ''galad'' "tree"), but that such a connexion often was made and her name then was pronounced ''Galadhriel''.<ref name=SApp/><ref>{{MR|P3I5}}, p. 182 (commentary to §42)</ref><br />
<br />
==Names==<br />
<br />
'''''Alatáriel''''' was the [[Telerin]] [[Quenya]] name given to Galadriel by [[Celeborn]], meaning "Maiden Crowned with Radiant Garland", which referred to her hair.<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, ''The names of Finwë's descendants'', p. 347</ref><br />
<br />
At the time of her birth, [[Finarfin]] named his only daughter ''[[Artanis]]''. '''''Artanis''''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈartanis]}}, stem ''Artaniss-'') was Galadriel's [[father-name]]: it means "Noble Woman" in [[Quenya]] from ''[[arta]]'' and ''[[nís]]''.<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, ''The names of the Sons of Fëanor with the legend of the fate of Amrod'', p. 354</ref><ref>{{MR|P3II}}, p. 213</ref><br />
<br />
'''Nerwen''' is the [[Amilessë|mother-name]] of the [[Elves|elf]] [[Galadriel]].<br />
<br />
According to the custom of the Elves, her mother, [[Eärwen]], waited a while to give her daughter a name. Due to Artanis's height and her great strength of body and will, Eärwen chose the name '''''Nerwen''''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈnerwen]}}), meaning 'man-maiden'. In the end, however, their daughter used neither her [[father-name]] nor her mother-name, and instead took the name by which she is known to history: [[Galadriel]].<br />
<br />
The name “Galadriel was chosen by Artanis (’noble woman’) to be her Sindarin name, for it was the most beautiful of her names, and, chose as an epessë [after name or ‘nickname’], had been given to her by her lover, Teleporno of the Teleri, whom she wedded later in Beleriand.”<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}</ref><ref group="note">Teleporno was the Teleri-styled named for Lord Celeborn: "“It is only of course in the late version that Celeborn appears with a High-elven, rather than Sindarin, name: Teleporno." {{UT|6e}}</ref> <br />
<br />
'''''Galadhriel''''' was a name occasionally, and incorrectly, used of [[Galadriel]] after she became [[Lady of Lórien]], and meaning 'tree-garland'. As the [[Lady of the Galadhrim]], whose capital was at [[Caras Galadhon]], it is perhaps understandable that her name should have become confused with the [[Elvish]] word galadh, meaning 'tree'. Nonetheless, this usage was mistaken — her true name ''Galadriel'' actually derived from the word ''galad'' ("radiant"), and the false variant ''Galadhriel'' was never used in her own country of [[Lórien in Middle-earth|Lórien]].<ref>{{S|Appendix}}, ''kal-''</ref><br />
<br />
==Other Versions of the Legendarium==<br />
<br />
There is a bit of befuddlement and confusion in the story of Galadriel, which [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] revised multiple times. Some of the points that were revised often are the role of Galadriel in the rebellion of the Noldor, the reason why she remained in Middle-earth, and the time at which she met Celeborn. <br />
<br />
In the notes to ''The Road Goes Ever On'' and in the published ''[[The Silmarillion|Silmarillion]]'', Galadriel was one of the leaders of the revolt and followed Fëanor into Exile.<ref name="Sil9"/> She couldn't return to Valinor because a ban was set against her, and she met Celeborn in Doriath, who was one of the Sindar. This is the only version of her story that was published by Tolkien during his lifetime. <br />
<br />
However, there are two late essays written by Tolkien after ''The Road Goes Ever On'' and published in ''Unfinished Tales'' that contradict this. In one of them, though Galadriel revolts along with the other Noldor, she's offered the pardon of the Valar, but refuses to return to Aman nonetheless. <br />
<br />
In the other, later essay, Galadriel has no participation at all in the rebellion of the Noldor, but sails on her own ship to Middle-earth. She would have been allowed to sail to Middle-earth by the Valar in normal conditions, but since she did it during the disturbance of Valinor, she fell under the Doom of Mandos all the same.<br />
<br />
In both essays, she met Celeborn in Aman. He was called in Quenya ''Teleporno'', and was a young Telerin prince, probably the son or grandson of [[Olwë]] (which would make him Artanis’s uncle or cousin)*. They eventually fell in love, and he called her in his own Telerin tongue [[Alatáriel]] (later [[Sindarization|Sindarinized]] as Galadriel and semi-[[Quenya|Quenyarized]] as [[Altáriel]]). <br />
It's unknown whether Tolkien would have gone ahead with this revision (possibly making a new edition of ''The Road Goes Ever On''), or if he would have felt bound by the published version. <br />
<br />
Another point that was revised, was the time at which Galadriel passed over the mountains of Ered Luin to enter Eriador. In ''The Fellowship of the Ring'', she says that she passed over the mountains before the fall of Nargothrond and Gondolin, yet in Appendix B of The Lord of the Rings it's said that at the beginning of the Second Age she was still dwelling in Lindon, before passing over the mountains. This contradiction in the same work must have been due to a mistake during revision.<br />
<br />
Besides this, the earlier version of the story of Amroth given in [[Unfinished Tales]], says that Galadriel and Celeborn had two children, of which one was [[Amroth]].<ref name=Galadriel/><br />
<br />
== Genealogy ==<br />
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;"><br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| MIR |y|~|~|~|~|~|~| FIN |y| IND | | | | | | | | OLW | | | | | | | |MIR=[[Míriel]]</br><small>''d. {{YT|1170}}''</small>|FIN=[[Finwë]]</br><small>''d. {{YT|1495}}''</small>|IND=[[Indis]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|OLW=[[Olwë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | FEA | | FDS | | FNG | | IRM | | FRF |y| EAW | | SON | | | | | |FEA=[[Fëanor]]</br><small>''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''</small>|FDS=[[Findis]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]</br><small>''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''</small>|IRM=[[Írimë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FRF=[[Finarfin]]</br><small>''b. {{YT|1230}}''</small>|EAW=[[Eärwen]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|SON=''unknown sons''}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|v|-|-|.| | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | FRD | | ANG |y| ELD | | AEG | | GAL |y| CEL |FRD=[[Finrod]]</br><small>''{{YT|1300}} - {{FA|465}}''</small>|ANG=[[Angrod]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|455}}''</small>|AEG=[[Aegnor]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|455}}''</small>|GAL='''GALADRIEL'''</br><small>''b. {{YT|1362}}''</small>|ELD=[[Eldalótë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|CEL=[[Celeborn]]</br><small>''b. {{FA}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ORO | | | | | | ELR |y| CLB | | |ORO=[[Orodreth]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|495}}''</small>|CLB=[[Celebrían]]</br><small>''b. {{SA}}''</small>|ELR=[[Elrond]]</br><small>''b. {{FA|532}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | GIL | | FIL | | ELL | | ELO | | ARW |GIL=[[Gil-galad]]</br><small>''d. {{SA|3441}}''</small>|FIL=[[Finduilas]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|495}}''</small>|ELL=[[Elladan]]</br><small>''b. {{TA|130}}''</small>|ELO=[[Elrohir]]</br><small>''b. {{TA|130}}''</small>|ARW=[[Arwen]]</br><small>''{{TA|241}} - {{FoA|121}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
<gallery> <br />
File:The Lord of the Rings (1978 film) - Galadriel.jpg|Galadriel as portrayed in [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]<br />
File:The Lord of the Rings (film series) - Galadriel.jpg|[[Cate Blanchett]] as Galadriel in [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]<br />
File:The Lord of the Rings - The Fellowship of the Ring (video game) - Galadriel.JPG|Galadriel as portrayed in [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|Vivendi's ''The Fellowship of the Ring'']]<br />
File:Galadriel.jpg|Galadriel in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
File:The Hobbit - An Unexpected Journey - Galadriel.jpg|[[Cate Blanchett]] as Galadriel in [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]<br />
</gallery> <br />
<br />
'''1978: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]:'''<br />
:Galadriel is voiced by [[Annette Crosbie]].<br />
<br />
'''1981: [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:The voice of Galadriel is provided by [[Marian Diamond]]. In addition to the Lothlórien episodes, the voice of Galadriel is heard in Shelob's Lair as a reminder to use the phial, and she appears with Elrond in the final episode in the Shire, as they journey towards the Grey Havens.<br />
<br />
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Galadriel is played by [[Cate Blanchett]]. Galadriel narrates the Prologue, explaining the creation of the Rings of Power and the War of the Last Alliance. Earlier plans considered were to have either Frodo or Gandalf narrate the Prologue, but this was dropped: Frodo was not alive until thousands of years after these events happened, and although Gandalf was alive, he was not present in Middle-earth at the time; the Wizards came some one thousand years after the Prologue ends. Thus Galadriel narrates the Prologue, because she had first-hand accounts of this history and actively participated in its events. <br />
<br />
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:Galadriel, voiced by [[Jennifer Hale]], is the narrator of the Prologue and the Epilogue, and appears in Lothlórien.<br />
<br />
'''2002: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers]]'':'''<br />
:Galadriel frequently consults telepathically with Elrond; there is an indication from the books{{fact}} that the two were able to communicate in some way, without specific reference. In the film, unlike the book, [[Galadriel]] and [[Elrond]] send an army of [[Elves]] - led by [[Haldir]] - to [[Battle of the Hornburg|Helm's Deep]] to aid the [[Rohirrim]]. In the DVD commentary, [[Peter Jackson]] and his fellow writers explain that they worried audiences would wonder why the Elves don't seem to be helping in the war, while at the same time, they felt that actually inserting an entire separate battle scene at Lothlórien would take up too much screentime and resources. <br />
<br />
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'':'''<br />
:A spiritual apparition of Lady Galadriel appears to provide Frodo strength following his passage through Shelob's Lair, soon after he uses the Phial that she gave him. She is later seen leaving Middle-Earth along with other Ring-Bearers, but in film version her husband Celeborn departs with her at the same time.<br />
<br />
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''<br />
:Galadriel is the strongest of "Hero" units available to the Free Peoples. If a player's army manages to spot [[Gollum]] on the battlefield, take The One Ring from him and deliver it to their forces, the option to "summon" Galadriel unlocks for a large amount of resources. Thus, Lady Galadriel is represented as succumbing to corruption of The Ring, similar to the respective scene in the ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'' movie.<br />
<br />
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:Galadriel is a non-playable character, who narrates cutscenes and instances throughout the second Volume of the Epic story. Introduced in [[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria]] Book VI: [[The Shadowy Abyss]], she usually resides on a [[talan]] at [[Caras Galadhon]].<br />
<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
:Cate Blanchett reprised her role as Galadriel, although the character itself is absent from the novel.<ref name="PJCasting">{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150168211921558|articlename=Production begins in New Zealand on The Hobbit|dated=20-March-2011|website=[http://www.facebook.com/ Facebook]|accessed=23-Dec-2011}}</ref> She appears as part of the [[White Council]] alongside [[Saruman]], [[Gandalf]] and [[Elrond]]. Later, she telepathically urges Gandalf to further seek the true identity of the [[Sauron#Sauron's Return|Necromancer]]. Finally, during the [[attack on Dol Guldur]], Galadriel plays a larger role. She first rescues Gandalf from captivity, and is ultimately the one to drive Sauron from the fortress using her [[Phial of Galadriel|phial]].<br />
<br />
'''2014: [[Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor]]:'''<br />
:Galadriel is featured in the game, although she is a non-playable character.<br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
* [[:Category:Images of Galadriel|Images of Galadriel]]<br />
{{references|notes}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:House of Finarfin]]<br />
[[Category:Second Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin names]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Galadriel]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/galadriel]]<br />
[[fi:Galadriel]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Amroth&diff=305047Amroth2019-06-06T23:05:35Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{sources}}{{disambig-more|Amroth|[[Amroth (disambiguation)]]}}<br />
{{sindar infobox<br />
| name=Amroth<br />
| image=[[Image:Olga Kukhtenkova - Amroth.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Amroth" by [[:Category:Images by Olga Kukhtenkova|Olga Kukhtenkova]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=<br />
| titles=[[King of Lórien]]<br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Doriath]]<ref name="Princes">{{UT|6b}}</ref><br>[[Lothlórien]]<br>[[Edhellond]]<br />
| affiliation=<br />
| language=[[Sindarin]] and [[Silvan Elvish]]<br />
| birth=Before {{FA|507}}<ref name="Princes"/> <br />
| birthlocation=[[Doriath]]<ref name="Princes"/><br />
| rule=c. {{SA|730}}<ref>{{UT|4}}, note 6</ref> ([[Edhellond]])<br>{{SA|3434}} - {{TA|1981}} ([[King of Lórien]])<br />
| death={{TA|1981}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Bay of Belfalas]]<br />
| age=5498+<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=<br />
| parentage=[[Amdír]] ([[Galadriel]] and [[Celeborn]]<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref>, earlier version)<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=[[Nimrodel]] (betrothed)<br />
| children=<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=<br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
'''Amroth''', the son of [[Amdír]], was a [[Sindar]]in [[Elves|Elf]] of [[Doriath]]<ref name="Princes"/> and last [[King of Lórien]]. <br />
==History== <br />
Amroth was one of the [[Iathrim]] who spent his early life in [[Doriath]].<ref name="Princes"/> Following the destruction of [[Beleriand]] and the [[War of Wrath]], most of the [[Noldor]]in exiles and remnants of the Sindar retreated to [[Lindon]]. The [[Valar]] reinvited these Elves to [[Aman]], but Amroth, among many others, was unwilling and remained in Lindon.<ref name="Princes"/> He, along with his father [[Amdír]], established himself in [[Lórinand]].<br />
<br />
Amroth took up the rule of the [[Silvan Elves]] in [[Edhellond]] circa {{SA|730}}.<ref>{{UT|4}}, note 6</ref><br />
<br />
He lead a force of [[Galadhrim]] to the aid of [[Elrond]] during the [[War of the Elves and Sauron]], only to be driven back by the forces of [[Mordor]] in {{SA|1697}}.<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> After his father's death in {{SA|3434}} in the [[Battle of Dagorlad]], he became [[King of Lórien]]. He lived for a long time in peace in the manner of the [[Silvan Elves]], because of his love for [[Nimrodel]]. <br />
<br />
Nimrodel however hated the [[elves]] who came from the West, [[Sindar]] and [[Noldor]], and the wars they brought to [[Middle-earth]]. After many debates, Nimrodel said to Amroth that she would marry him if he took her to a land of peace. Such a land no longer existed in Middle-earth, but Amroth spoke about the Havens in the South such as [[Edhellond]], and the way to the [[Aman|Ancient West]].<br />
<br />
Together, they began a journey to the south. They went to [[Gondor]] in the days of [[Eärnil II]], but then they were separated. Amroth went to the Havens alone and there he found a few [[Elves]] who wanted to sail to the West. But they wouldn't wait for [[Nimrodel]]. <br />
<br />
Finally, because of the great love that Amroth bore towards her, they waited, living on their ship till the end of the autumn. One night, they faced a great storm that led their ship to unknown seas. The ship finally found its way to [[Tol Eressëa]] and was never to be seen in Middle-earth again. But Amroth, in the dawn, when he realized that the ship was far away, leapt into the sea and fought against the waves, and by the [[Bay of Belfalas]], he drowned.<ref>{{UT|6}}</ref><br />
<br />
The hill near which he drowned was named [[Dol Amroth]] to honor him; the last Elves of that land departed for the West.<ref>{{App|B2}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
Amroth translates to "up-climber, high climber"<ref>{{UT|Amroth}}, p. 245</ref> which makes sense as in some versions of the legendarium he was the inventor of the [[talan]] or [[flet]]. <br />
<br />
The name Amroth is originally from a [[Silvan Elvish]] dialect.<ref>{{App|F1}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Other Versions==<br />
In earlier versions of the legendarium, Amroth was briefly [[Galadriel]] and [[Celeborn]]'s son, brother to [[Celebrían]]. In this version of the legendarium, he lived in [[Eregion]] and fled with [[Galadriel]] and [[Celebrían]] after the revolt of the [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]] encouraged by [[Sauron]] between {{SA|1350}} and {{SA|1400|n}}. Later, [[Galadriel]] left the [[Lothlorien|Lórinand]] to Amroth when she went to dwell by the sea.<br />
<br />
== Genealogy ==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| AMD | | | | | |AMD=[[Amdír]]</br><small>''d. {{SA|3434}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |!| | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| AMR |~| NIM | |AMR='''AMROTH'''</br><small>''d. {{TA|1981}}''</small>|NIM=[[Nimrodel]]<br/><small>''fl. {{TA|1981}}''}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* '''[[:Category:Images of Amroth|Images of Amroth]]'''<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Sindar]]<br />
[[Category:Rulers of Middle-earth]]<br />
[[de:Amroth]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/teleri/sindar/amroth]]<br />
[[fi:Amroth]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Galadhrim&diff=305046Galadhrim2019-06-06T22:23:50Z<p>Christolk: /* Second Age */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{rewrite}}<br />
{{people infobox<br />
| name=Galadhrim<br />
| image=[[File:Rebecca Guay - Galadhrim.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="[[:File:Rebecca Guay - Galadhrim.jpg|Rebecca Guay]]" by Rebecca Guay<br />
| pronun={{respell|gal|ath|rim}}<br />
| othernames=Elves of Lórien, Elves of Lórinand, Tree-people<br />
| origin=[[Silvan Elves]] of [[Lothlórien]]<br />
| location=[[Lothlórien]], [[East Lórien]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]]<br />
| rivalry=<br />
| language=[[Silvan Elvish]], [[Sindarin]], [[Westron]]<br />
| members=[[Haldir]], [[Rúmil (Elf of Lórien)|Rúmil]], [[Orophin]], [[Amdír]], [[Amroth]], [[Nimrodel]], [[Mithrellas]], [[Celeborn]], [[Galadriel]]<br />
| lifespan=Immortal<br />
| distinctions=<br />
| height=<br />
| hair=<br />
| skin=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
}}<br />
The '''Galadhrim''' or the '''Tree-people''' were the [[Elves]], mostly [[Silvan Elves|Silvan]] in origin, who inhabited the woods of [[Lothlórien]]. <br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Some of the [[Nandor]], the [[Teleri|Telerin Elves]] who abandoned the [[Great Journey]] of the [[Eldar]] on the eastern side of the [[Misty Mountains]], settled down in the [[Vales of Anduin]] and later on established the realms of [[Mirkwood]] in the north and [[Lothlórien|Lindórinand]] in the south of [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]]. <br />
<br />
In the beginning the [[Silvan Elves]] of Lórien were a small and scattered people, and as the power of the [[Longbeards]] of [[Moria]] grew, they relocated to the eastern side of the [[Anduin]].<br />
===Second Age===<br />
Following the destruction of [[Beleriand]] and the [[War of Wrath]], most of the [[Noldor]]in exiles and remnants of the Sindar retreated to [[Lindon]]. The [[Valar]] reinvited these Elves to [[Aman]], but [[Amdír]], among many others, was unwilling and remained in Lindon.<ref name="AppB">{{UT|6b}}</ref> Amdír was one of the [[Iathrim]] who spent his early life in [[Doriath]].<ref name="AppB"/> He, along with his son [[Amroth]], established himself in [[Lórinand]], where he would soon lead the princeless [[Silvan Elves]].<ref name="AaN">{{UT|Amroth}}</ref> Their language was replaced by [[Sindarin]]. The arrival of the Sinda [[Amdír]] affected the Nandor of Laurelindórenan. He took over as their King, while another Sinda, [[Oropher]], became King of [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]].<ref name=Sindarin>{{UT|6b}}</ref><br />
<br />
Other survivors of [[Eregion]], including many [[Noldor]] and [[Sindar]], escaped into [[Khazad-dûm]] and were granted passage by their friends the [[Dwarves]], coming eventually through the [[Misty Mountains|Mountains]] to the woodlands that would long afterwards be called [[Lórien]].<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Concerning}}</ref><br />
<br />
Galadriel and Celeborn departed from Imladris and went to the little-inhabited lands between the mouth of the [[Gwathló]] and [[Ethir Anduin]].<ref name=Galadriel/> There they dwelt in Belfalas, at [[Edhellond]],<ref name=Galadriel/> near the place that was afterwards called [[Dol Amroth]]; and their company was swelled by [[Silvan Elves]] from Lórinand.<ref name=Galadriel/><br />
<br />
Under his leadership the people of Lórien prospered and their numbers grew. Amdir led an army of Galadhrim to the [[War of the Last Alliance]], where most of them, including Amdír himself, were slain in the [[Battle of Dagorlad]].<br />
<br />
===Third Age===<br />
The Galadhrim were now ruled by [[Amroth]] the son of Amdír. Around {{TA|1409}}, some Galadhrim passed over the [[Misty Mountains]] to join forces with [[Rivendell]] under [[Elrond]] against [[Angmar]]. Along with assistance with the [[Elves of Lindon]], they were successful in subduing the witch-kingdom for some time.<ref>{{App|Eriador}}</ref><br />
<br />
Around {{TA|1980}} with the freeing of [[Durin's Bane|the Balrog]] in [[Moria]] many of the Galadhrim fled south to [[Edhellond]] and sailed over Sea to [[Valinor]]. Amroth grew weary of [[Middle-earth]] and wished to sail. But he drowned in the [[Bay of Belfalas]].<br />
<br />
In her wisdom [[Galadriel]] saw that Lórien would be a stronghold and a point of power to prevent the shadow from crossing the Anduin, for the Galadhrim were hardy and valiant. But they needed a ruler of greater strength and wisdom than they possessed. That is why Galadriel and [[Celeborn]] took up their permanent abode in Lórien and its government. Under the leadership of Galadriel and Celeborn the Galadhrim prospered and their skill grew. <br />
<br />
The Galadhrim defended their home against [[orcs]], who attacked around the end of the [[Third Age]], just before [[Sauron]] was destroyed. The Galadhrim weathered all of the attacks. <br />
<br />
With the departure over Sea of Galadriel, most of the Galadhrim went with Celeborn to [[East Lórien]].<br />
<br />
==Culture==<br />
The Galadhrim prospered and were instructed under their Sindarin rulers, and afterwards by [[Lord and Lady of Galadhrim|their Lord and Lady]]. They became proficient in making [[Lembas]], [[Elven rope]], Elven-cloaks and many other crafts. They lived in [[telain]] built in the trees.<br />
<br />
They spoke [[Silvan Elvish]], and a dialect of Sindarin. Some, like [[Haldir]], but not all, could speak [[Westron]].<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
''Galadhrim'' is a [[Sindarin]] name meaning "Tree-people". The name consists of ''[[galadh]]'' ("tree") + ''[[rim|rim(b)]]'' ("great number").<ref>{{PE|17}}, p. 50</ref> See also LotR (50th) p. 341.<br />
<br />
In the first edition of ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', ''Galadhrim'' was spelt ''Galadrim''. In later editions, this was emended to the former, which [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] had decided was the correct Sindarin form.<ref>{{HM|RC}}, p. 305</ref><br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Elven peoples]]<br />
[[Category:Silvan Elves]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin demonyms]]<br />
[[de:Galadhrim]]<br />
[[fi:Galadhrim]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Galadriel&diff=305045Galadriel2019-06-06T21:53:02Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{sources}}<br />
{{disambig-more|Galadriel|[[Galadriel (disambiguation)]]}}<br />
{{noldor infobox<br />
| name=Galadriel<br />
| image=[[File:Matt Stewart - Galadriel.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Galadriel" by [[:Category:Images by Matt Stewart|Matt Stewart]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=''[[#Names|Artanis]]'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Father-name|fn]]),<br/>''[[Nerwen]]'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Amilessë|mn]])<br/>''[[Galadriel#Names|Alatáriel]]'' ([[Telerin|T]], [[epessë]])<br />
| titles= Lady of [[Lothlórien]],<br/>Lady of Light,<br/>Lady of the Wood,<br/>Lady of the [[Galadhrim]]<br/>Mistress of Magic<ref>Called thus by [[Faramir (son of Denethor II)|Faramir]] ({{TT|Window}}).</ref><br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Tirion]]; [[Doriath]]; [[Lindon]]; [[Eregion]]; [[Imladris]]; [[Edhellond]]; [[Lothlórien]]<br />
| affiliation=[[White Council]], [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]]<br />
| language=[[Quenya]], [[Sindarin]] and [[Silvan Elvish]]<br />
| birth={{YT|1362}}<ref>{{MR|P2l}}, p. 106</ref><br />
| birthlocation=[[Tirion]]<br />
| rule={{TA|1981}} - {{TA|3021}}<br />
| sailedwest=[[29 September]], {{TA|3021}}<br />
| sailedfrom=[[Grey Havens]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=[[House of Finarfin]]<br />
| parentage=[[Finarfin]] and [[Eärwen]]<br />
| siblings=[[Finrod]], [[Angrod]] and [[Aegnor]]<br />
| spouse=[[Celeborn]]<br />
| children=[[Celebrían]] ([[Amroth]]<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref>, earlier version)<br />
| gender=Female<br />
| height=6 feet, 4 inches (193cm)<ref>{{UT|Measures}}</ref><ref group=note>Quote by J.R.R. Tolkien from the Unfinished Tales, the same section referenced:'' "Thus two rangar was often called 'man-high', which at thirty-eight inches gives an average height of six feet four inches; (1.93 meters) '''but this was at a later date, when the stature of the Dúnedain appears to have decreased'''..."'' (emphasis mine)</ref><br />
| hair=Radiant gold-silver<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=White robes<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
{{quote|Very tall [Galadriel and Celeborn] were, and the Lady no less tall than the Lord; and they were grave and beautiful. They were clad wholly in white; and the hair of the Lady was of deep gold… but no sign of age was upon them, unless it were in the depths of their eyes; for these were keen as lances in the starlight, and yet profound, the wells of deep memory.|''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', "[[The Mirror of Galadriel]]"}}<br />
'''Galadriel''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[ɡaˈladri.el]}}) was a [[Noldo]], one of the [[Calaquendi]], and arguably the most famous and powerful elf of the [[Third Age]]. She was one of the bearers of the [[Three Rings]], of [[Nenya]], and with it kept her realm of [[Lothlórien]] free of stain.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===Life in Aman===<br />
When a fourth child was born to [[Finarfin]], prince of the Noldor, and [[Eärwen]], princess of the [[Falmari|Teleri]], her father named her '''[[Artanis]]''', which is "noble woman". She was unusually tall and strong as she grew, and so Eärwen’s name for her was '''[[Nerwen]]''', "man-maiden". Though the source of her hair colour was from her parents, it was said among the Eldar that her hair had captured the light of the [[Two Trees]] in Valinor, which resulted a unique and dazzling colour of gold and silver.<ref name=Galadriel>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref> According to a legend, this is how [[Fëanor]] conceived the idea of capturing the light of the trees inside the [[Silmarils]]. Despite her mixed blood, she was identified as a princess of the Noldor, as her father was the third son of [[Finwë]], [[High King of the Noldor]].<br />
<br />
During the [[Darkening of Valinor]], she was very independent and visionary. She swore no [[Oath of Fëanor|oaths]], but the words of Fëanor concerning Middle-earth kindled a desire in her heart, as she was eager to see those wide unguarded lands and rule a realm of her own.<br />
During the troubles that followed, even though she participated in the revolt of the Noldor,<ref>{{RGEO|Notes}}</ref> she fought against Fëanor in defence of her mother's kin in the [[Kinslaying of Alqualondë]].<ref name=Galadriel/> Accounts suggest she travelled among the second group led by Fingolfin, which joined the battle at [[Alqualondë]] late and without knowing how it had started. Some of that group had not participated in the killing, although it is not clear who and how many. Dismayed by the Doom of [[Mandos]], her father Finarfin abandoned the march of the Noldor and returned to Valinor. But Galadriel and her brothers crossed the [[Helcaraxë]] in far north and arrived to the northern shores of [[Hither Lands]]<ref name="Sil9">{{S|Flight}}</ref>. <br />
<br />
:See also: ''[[#Other Versions of the Legendarium|Other Versions of the Legendarium]]''.<br />
<br />
===Arrival to Middle-earth===<br />
[[File:Līga Kļaviņa - Love at First Sight.jpg|left|thumb|Līga Kļaviņa - ''Love at First Sight'']]<br />
In [[Beleriand]], Galadriel and her eldest brother [[Finrod Felagund]] came to [[Doriath]] as guests of [[Elu Thingol]], the King of Doriath. It was there she met [[Celeborn]], a kinsman of Thingol, who would become her husband and companion in Middle-earth<ref>{{S|13}}</ref>. When her brother Finrod departed to the [[Caverns of Narog]] to establish the stronghold of [[Nargothrond]], Galadriel did not go with him and remained in Doriath with her husband, though she occasionally visited her brother in Nargothrond.<br />
[[Image:Donato Giancola - Galadriel and the mirror.jpg|right|thumb|[[Donato Giancola]] - ''Galadriel and the mirror'']]<br />
During her days in Doriath, Galadriel became friends with Queen [[Melian]] the [[Maia]], and they spoke often to one another about Valinor.<ref name="Sil15">{{S|15}}</ref> Melian was eager to learn the causes of the [[Exile of the Noldor|Exile of the Noldor]], but Galadriel would tell her nothing of what occurred after the death of the Trees. Eventually, however, as Melian’s guesses became more shrewd and accurate, Galadriel revealed the tale to her, though still leaving out the Oath of Feanor, the Kinslaying and the burning of the Ships at [[Losgar]].<ref name="Sil15"/> Melian was able to discern some of what was left unsaid, and still more came as rumors to Thingol’s ears. At last, egged on by the accusing words of Thingol, [[Angrod]] told all. Galadriel was not expelled from Doriath because of Thingol’s sympathy to the houses of Finarfin and Fingolfin for the wrongs they had suffered. All the same, she went to Nargothrond to live with Finrod for a time.<ref name="Sil15"/> Presumably, she returned to Doriath to live with her husband.<br />
<br />
Galadriel did not have any significant role in the general course of events in the [[War of the Jewels]]. She and Celeborn survived, or even were not present in the [[Sack of Nargothrond|destruction of Nargothrond]] in {{FA|495}} and [[Second Kinslaying|Doriath]] in {{FA|503}}/{{FA|506}}. It is not unlikely that after the destruction of Doriath they went to the [[Havens of Sirion]] along with many survivors of Beleriand (or even with their Telerin kin to the [[Isle of Balar]] with [[Círdan]]). Thus they even survived the [[Third Kinslaying]], and after that, the [[War of Wrath]].<br />
<br />
After the overthrow of Morgoth, a ban was set upon her return to Aman by the Valar, but she was proud and replied that she had no interest in returning.<ref>{{RGEO|Notes}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Second Age===<br />
After the War of Wrath, Galadriel and Celeborn came to [[Lindon]] with the other survivors of Beleriand.<ref>{{App|B1}}</ref>They ruled over the fiefdom of [[Harlindon]], which was composed mostly of [[Sindar]], under the [[Gil-galad|High King Gil-galad]]<ref>{{PM|X}}</ref>. Eventually the couple moved to a new land called [[Eregion]] in far eastwards of Lindon.<ref>{{RGEO|Notes}}</ref> Both Galadriel and [[Celeborn]] crossed into [[Eriador]] with many Noldor in their following, together with [[Sindar]] and [[Green-elves]]; and for a while they dwelt in the country about [[Lake Nenuial]].<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> They departed for [[Eregion]] in {{SA|700}} and arrived there by {{SA|750}}.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> It was ruled by [[Celebrimbor]], a grandson of Fëanor and distant cousin of Galadriel. They dwelt there for a time and Galadriel was probably present during the crafting of the [[Rings of Power]]. Eventually, Galadriel and Celeborn made contact with the [[Nandor]] of [[Amdír]], who dwelt in a forest realm called Lindórinand (Vale of the Land of Singers) across the [[Misty Mountains]]. They crossed the [[Hithaeglir]] through [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]] and relocated to there, becoming great among the [[Silvan Elves|Wood-elves]]. <br />
<br />
Celebrimbor and the jewelsmiths of [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]] collaborated with [[Annatar]] on the great process of making Rings of Power.<ref name="SilV">{{S|V}}</ref> By Annatar’s help, the Elves of Eregion created many rings, but both Celebrimbor and Annatar created greater rings of their own in secret. Celebrimbor wrought the [[Three Rings]] of the Elves, which were far more powerful than the lesser rings. Annatar, however, wrought [[the One Ring]]. When he placed it on his finger, the Elves were aware of his treachery, and took off their rings. Celebrimbor, afraid for his life but even more for the safety of the Three Rings, sent them to two of the [[Wise]]: [[Narya]] and [[Vilya]] for Gil-galad and [[Círdan]], respectively, and [[Nenya]] for Galadriel. Very few even of the Eldar knew who hid each of these Rings. Celebrimbor was slain by [[Sauron]] not long after, and Eregion was laid waste.<ref name="SilV"/> But the Three Rings were safe. [[Image:Angus McBride - Galadriel.gif|thumb|left|250px|[[Angus McBride]] - ''Galadriel'']]<br />
At this time, many Noldor of Sindarin speech migrated to the realm of Amdír, escaping from the destruction of Eregion, and Celeborn fortified it against Sauron's attempts to cross the Anduin. Soon thereafter, the White Council (not to be confused with the first White Council of the Third Age) was held in the newly-found realm of Imladris, where Elrond met and fell in love with Celebrían, the daughter that Galadriel and Celeborn had at some time during the Second Age.<ref name=Galadriel/><br />
<br />
In time [[Amdír]], [[King of Lórien]], was slain in the [[Battle of Dagorlad]] during the [[War of the Last Alliance]]. Celeborn may have participated in the war, but the greatest effect it had on the twain was the destruction of [[Sauron]] and the loss of [[the One Ring]]. Galadriel was now free to use her ring.<br />
<br />
But at some later time, Galadriel and Celeborn departed from Imladris and went to the little-inhabited lands between the mouth of the [[Gwathló]] and [[Ethir Anduin]].<ref name=Galadriel/> There they dwelt in Belfalas, at [[Edhellond]],<ref name=Galadriel/> near the place that was afterwards called [[Dol Amroth]]; and their company was swelled by [[Silvan Elves]] from Lórinand.<ref name=Galadriel/><br />
<br />
===Third Age===<br />
When King [[Amroth]] son of Amdír perished, Celeborn and Galadriel left [[Edhellond]] to rule Lindórinand jointly, and were called the [[Lord and Lady of Galadhrim]]. Galadriel planted the [[mallorn]] seeds brought with her from Lindon, the only mallorn east of the Sea, and afterwards the realm was called Lórinand (Valley of Gold) and Laurelindórinand (Valley of the Singing Gold), which through some transformations turned into the later name of [[Lothlórien]] or Lórien. They established [[Caras Galadhon]], and the realm of Lothlórien was one of light and life. With [[Nenya]], the Ring of Water, Galadriel made the realm of Lórien even greater. With the power of her ring, she protected it from the intrusion of evils throughout the Third Age.It was during their days of power and glory in Lothlórien that Celebrían, their only child, married [[Elrond]], a close friend of Galadriel’s and bearer of [[Vilya]] after the death of Gil-galad during the Alliance. Celeborn and Galadriel had three grandchildren by her, one of whom, [[Arwen]], they were especially close to. But Celebrían was waylaid and tortured by [[Orcs]] in {{TA|2509}}, and passed West over the sea.<br />
<br />
In {{TA|2463}}, the [[White Council]] was formed. Galadriel, being one of the [[Wise]] and the greatest threat to Sauron alive, was one of the members.<ref name="SilV"/> Celeborn may have been as well, but this is not known for sure. She was a good friend of [[Gandalf]], and recommended that he be made head of the Council. But this distinction fell instead to [[Saruman]], whom she distrusted. Sometime before the Quest for the Lonely Mountain, the White Council began to notice a dark shadow arising in Mirkwood. When Gandalf later discovered it to be Sauron, he urged the council to drive him out. After deliberating, the council acted and Galadriel assisted them in driving Sauron out of Dol Guldur in the year 2941 of the Third Age.<br />
<br />
[[Image:Billy Mosig - The Mirror of Galadriel.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Billy Mosig]] - ''The Mirror of Galadriel'']]During the [[War of the Ring]], Galadriel met the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] in {{TA|3019}}. She especially was attentive to the [[Hobbits|Hobbit]] [[Frodo Baggins]], who was the bearer of [[the One Ring]]. She showed him Nenya, and let him gaze into her [[Mirror of Galadriel|mirror]] of seeing. He offered her the One Ring, and despite the extreme temptation, she resisted it successfully. She sent the Fellowship off on their quest furnished with [[Gifts_of_Galadriel|gifts]]. The two most important gifts she gave were to [[Aragorn]], whom she knew well and liked, and a [[Dwarves|dwarf]] named [[Gimli]]. To Aragorn she gave the [[Elfstone]], which she and her daughter Celebrían had worn. This jewel was created for her by Celebrimbor in Eregion, in remembrance of the first Elfstone, that was now lost.<ref name=Galadriel/> She was unsure as to what to give Gimli, and asked what he wanted. After complimenting her beauty, he requested a single strand of her hair. Galadriel remembered the posing of a similar question by Fëanor, but had searched Gimli’s heart and knew that his intentions were pure. She rewarded him with three strands, which he was later to put into an imperishable crystal in memory of her.<br />
<br />
Not long after the departure of the Fellowship she received the resurrected Gandalf. She reclothed and refurnished him, giving him a new staff. After Gandalf left, Lothlórien was subjected to three successive attacks by armies coming out of [[Dol Guldur]]. By the power of her Ring they were thrice repulsed. Celeborn then led [[Fall of Dol Guldur|an attack on Dol Guldur]] itself. Once the dark fortress was in the hands of the Galadhrim, Galadriel came, threw down its walls, and purified it of its evil. It was her last act of power, for the One Ring was destroyed, and the strength of Nenya waned and eventually vanished almost completely.<br />
<br />
===Return to Valinor===<br />
Galadriel attended the wedding of Aragorn with Arwen, then returned to Lothlórien. But in {{TA|3021}}, two years later, she bade farewell to Celeborn her husband and went West to Valinor. With her went the other two bearers of the Rings, Gandalf and Elrond, and Frodo and Bilbo Baggins who had borne the One Ring. They passed West, and came never again to Middle-earth. There in Valinor Galadriel must have tried to heal Frodo of his spiritual wounds.{{fact}} Whether she was successful or not is unknown. But sometime later during the [[Fourth Age]] she received Celeborn{{fact}}, her husband. And in {{FoA|120}}, it is said, she received Gimli her admirer, who was the first and only dwarf to enter Valinor.<br />
<br />
==Characteristics==<br />
Galadriel was very beautiful, her hair being the most notable feature about her. It reminded the Eldar of the light of the [[Two Trees]].<ref name=Galadriel/> Galadriel, at least in her earlier years, was of a somewhat proud and rebellious nature. She was free-spirited, and during her time in Aman had many dreams of wide unexplored lands. In her early youth, she was very willful and of an "Amazon" disposition; and bound up her hair as a crown when taking part in athletic feats.<ref>{{L|348}}</ref> Her favorite brother was Finrod, for he, too, shared this vision. She could explore the minds and hearts of others, and her gaze was seeing. It may be because of her unusual beauty and power that she became proud.<br />
<br />
But by the Third Age she is also seen to act with wisdom and gentleness. In ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', she appears very gentle, firm, and wise. She was revered even more than Celeborn by the Galadhrim and all who met her.<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Galadriel.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
''[[Galadriel]]'' is a [[Sindarin]] name translated by [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] as "glittering garland",<ref>{{L|345}}, p. 423</ref> "Maiden crowned with gleaming hair",<ref>{{L|348}}, p. 428</ref> and "maiden crowned with a radiant garland".<ref name=SApp>{{S|Appendix}}</ref><ref>{{HM|RC}}, pp. 44-45</ref> It has been suggested that ''Galadriel'' consists of ''[[galad]]'' ("light, radiance") + ''[[rî]]'' ("crown") + ''[[iell]]'' ("daughter").<ref>{{webcite|articleurl=http://www.tolkiendil.com/langues/english/i-lam_arth/compound_sindarin_names#g|articlename=Compound Sindarin Names|website= [http://www.tolkiendil.com/ Tolkiendil.com]}}</ref> Tolkien notes that the element ''galad'' had no relation to Sindarin ''[[galadh]]'' ("tree", or Silvan ''galad'' "tree"), but that such a connexion often was made and her name then was pronounced ''Galadhriel''.<ref name=SApp/><ref>{{MR|P3I5}}, p. 182 (commentary to §42)</ref><br />
<br />
==Names==<br />
<br />
'''''Alatáriel''''' was the [[Telerin]] [[Quenya]] name given to Galadriel by [[Celeborn]], meaning "Maiden Crowned with Radiant Garland", which referred to her hair.<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, ''The names of Finwë's descendants'', p. 347</ref><br />
<br />
At the time of her birth, [[Finarfin]] named his only daughter ''[[Artanis]]''. '''''Artanis''''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈartanis]}}, stem ''Artaniss-'') was Galadriel's [[father-name]]: it means "Noble Woman" in [[Quenya]] from ''[[arta]]'' and ''[[nís]]''.<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, ''The names of the Sons of Fëanor with the legend of the fate of Amrod'', p. 354</ref><ref>{{MR|P3II}}, p. 213</ref><br />
<br />
'''Nerwen''' is the [[Amilessë|mother-name]] of the [[Elves|elf]] [[Galadriel]].<br />
<br />
According to the custom of the Elves, her mother, [[Eärwen]], waited a while to give her daughter a name. Due to Artanis's height and her great strength of body and will, Eärwen chose the name '''''Nerwen''''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈnerwen]}}), meaning 'man-maiden'. In the end, however, their daughter used neither her [[father-name]] nor her mother-name, and instead took the name by which she is known to history: [[Galadriel]].<br />
<br />
The name “Galadriel was chosen by Artanis (’noble woman’) to be her Sindarin name, for it was the most beautiful of her names, and, chose as an epessë [after name or ‘nickname’], had been given to her by her lover, Teleporno of the Teleri, whom she wedded later in Beleriand.”<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}</ref><ref group="note">Teleporno was the Teleri-styled named for Lord Celeborn: "“It is only of course in the late version that Celeborn appears with a High-elven, rather than Sindarin, name: Teleporno." {{UT|6e}}</ref> <br />
<br />
'''''Galadhriel''''' was a name occasionally, and incorrectly, used of [[Galadriel]] after she became [[Lady of Lórien]], and meaning 'tree-garland'. As the [[Lady of the Galadhrim]], whose capital was at [[Caras Galadhon]], it is perhaps understandable that her name should have become confused with the [[Elvish]] word galadh, meaning 'tree'. Nonetheless, this usage was mistaken — her true name ''Galadriel'' actually derived from the word ''galad'' ("radiant"), and the false variant ''Galadhriel'' was never used in her own country of [[Lórien in Middle-earth|Lórien]].<ref>{{S|Appendix}}, ''kal-''</ref><br />
<br />
==Other Versions of the Legendarium==<br />
<br />
There is a bit of befuddlement and confusion in the story of Galadriel, which [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] revised multiple times. Some of the points that were revised often are the role of Galadriel in the rebellion of the Noldor, the reason why she remained in Middle-earth, and the time at which she met Celeborn. <br />
<br />
In the notes to ''The Road Goes Ever On'' and in the published ''[[The Silmarillion|Silmarillion]]'', Galadriel was one of the leaders of the revolt and followed Fëanor into Exile.<ref name="Sil9"/> She couldn't return to Valinor because a ban was set against her, and she met Celeborn in Doriath, who was one of the Sindar. This is the only version of her story that was published by Tolkien during his lifetime. <br />
<br />
However, there are two late essays written by Tolkien after ''The Road Goes Ever On'' and published in ''Unfinished Tales'' that contradict this. In one of them, though Galadriel revolts along with the other Noldor, she's offered the pardon of the Valar, but refuses to return to Aman nonetheless. <br />
<br />
In the other, later essay, Galadriel has no participation at all in the rebellion of the Noldor, but sails on her own ship to Middle-earth. She would have been allowed to sail to Middle-earth by the Valar in normal conditions, but since she did it during the disturbance of Valinor, she fell under the Doom of Mandos all the same.<br />
<br />
In both essays, she met Celeborn in Aman. He was called in Quenya ''Teleporno'', and was a young Telerin prince, probably the son or grandson of [[Olwë]] (which would make him Artanis’s uncle or cousin)*. They eventually fell in love, and he called her in his own Telerin tongue [[Alatáriel]] (later [[Sindarization|Sindarinized]] as Galadriel and semi-[[Quenya|Quenyarized]] as [[Altáriel]]). <br />
It's unknown whether Tolkien would have gone ahead with this revision (possibly making a new edition of ''The Road Goes Ever On''), or if he would have felt bound by the published version. <br />
<br />
Another point that was revised, was the time at which Galadriel passed over the mountains of Ered Luin to enter Eriador. In ''The Fellowship of the Ring'', she says that she passed over the mountains before the fall of Nargothrond and Gondolin, yet in Appendix B of The Lord of the Rings it's said that at the beginning of the Second Age she was still dwelling in Lindon, before passing over the mountains. This contradiction in the same work must have been due to a mistake during revision.<br />
<br />
Besides this, the earlier version of the story of Amroth given in [[Unfinished Tales]], says that Galadriel and Celeborn had two children, of which one was [[Amroth]].<ref name=Galadriel/><br />
<br />
== Genealogy ==<br />
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;"><br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| MIR |y|~|~|~|~|~|~| FIN |y| IND | | | | | | | | OLW | | | | | | | |MIR=[[Míriel]]</br><small>''d. {{YT|1170}}''</small>|FIN=[[Finwë]]</br><small>''d. {{YT|1495}}''</small>|IND=[[Indis]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|OLW=[[Olwë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | FEA | | FDS | | FNG | | IRM | | FRF |y| EAW | | SON | | | | | |FEA=[[Fëanor]]</br><small>''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''</small>|FDS=[[Findis]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]</br><small>''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''</small>|IRM=[[Írimë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FRF=[[Finarfin]]</br><small>''b. {{YT|1230}}''</small>|EAW=[[Eärwen]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|SON=''unknown sons''}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|v|-|-|.| | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | FRD | | ANG |y| ELD | | AEG | | GAL |y| CEL |FRD=[[Finrod]]</br><small>''{{YT|1300}} - {{FA|465}}''</small>|ANG=[[Angrod]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|455}}''</small>|AEG=[[Aegnor]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|455}}''</small>|GAL='''GALADRIEL'''</br><small>''b. {{YT|1362}}''</small>|ELD=[[Eldalótë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|CEL=[[Celeborn]]</br><small>''b. {{FA}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ORO | | | | | | ELR |y| CLB | | |ORO=[[Orodreth]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|495}}''</small>|CLB=[[Celebrían]]</br><small>''b. {{SA}}''</small>|ELR=[[Elrond]]</br><small>''b. {{FA|532}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | GIL | | FIL | | ELL | | ELO | | ARW |GIL=[[Gil-galad]]</br><small>''d. {{SA|3441}}''</small>|FIL=[[Finduilas]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|495}}''</small>|ELL=[[Elladan]]</br><small>''b. {{TA|130}}''</small>|ELO=[[Elrohir]]</br><small>''b. {{TA|130}}''</small>|ARW=[[Arwen]]</br><small>''{{TA|241}} - {{FoA|121}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
<gallery> <br />
File:The Lord of the Rings (1978 film) - Galadriel.jpg|Galadriel as portrayed in [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]<br />
File:The Lord of the Rings (film series) - Galadriel.jpg|[[Cate Blanchett]] as Galadriel in [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]<br />
File:The Lord of the Rings - The Fellowship of the Ring (video game) - Galadriel.JPG|Galadriel as portrayed in [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|Vivendi's ''The Fellowship of the Ring'']]<br />
File:Galadriel.jpg|Galadriel in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
File:The Hobbit - An Unexpected Journey - Galadriel.jpg|[[Cate Blanchett]] as Galadriel in [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]<br />
</gallery> <br />
<br />
'''1978: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]:'''<br />
:Galadriel is voiced by [[Annette Crosbie]].<br />
<br />
'''1981: [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:The voice of Galadriel is provided by [[Marian Diamond]]. In addition to the Lothlórien episodes, the voice of Galadriel is heard in Shelob's Lair as a reminder to use the phial, and she appears with Elrond in the final episode in the Shire, as they journey towards the Grey Havens.<br />
<br />
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Galadriel is played by [[Cate Blanchett]]. Galadriel narrates the Prologue, explaining the creation of the Rings of Power and the War of the Last Alliance. Earlier plans considered were to have either Frodo or Gandalf narrate the Prologue, but this was dropped: Frodo was not alive until thousands of years after these events happened, and although Gandalf was alive, he was not present in Middle-earth at the time; the Wizards came some one thousand years after the Prologue ends. Thus Galadriel narrates the Prologue, because she had first-hand accounts of this history and actively participated in its events. <br />
<br />
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:Galadriel, voiced by [[Jennifer Hale]], is the narrator of the Prologue and the Epilogue, and appears in Lothlórien.<br />
<br />
'''2002: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers]]'':'''<br />
:Galadriel frequently consults telepathically with Elrond; there is an indication from the books{{fact}} that the two were able to communicate in some way, without specific reference. In the film, unlike the book, [[Galadriel]] and [[Elrond]] send an army of [[Elves]] - led by [[Haldir]] - to [[Battle of the Hornburg|Helm's Deep]] to aid the [[Rohirrim]]. In the DVD commentary, [[Peter Jackson]] and his fellow writers explain that they worried audiences would wonder why the Elves don't seem to be helping in the war, while at the same time, they felt that actually inserting an entire separate battle scene at Lothlórien would take up too much screentime and resources. <br />
<br />
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'':'''<br />
:A spiritual apparition of Lady Galadriel appears to provide Frodo strength following his passage through Shelob's Lair, soon after he uses the Phial that she gave him. She is later seen leaving Middle-Earth along with other Ring-Bearers, but in film version her husband Celeborn departs with her at the same time.<br />
<br />
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''<br />
:Galadriel is the strongest of "Hero" units available to the Free Peoples. If a player's army manages to spot [[Gollum]] on the battlefield, take The One Ring from him and deliver it to their forces, the option to "summon" Galadriel unlocks for a large amount of resources. Thus, Lady Galadriel is represented as succumbing to corruption of The Ring, similar to the respective scene in the ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'' movie.<br />
<br />
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:Galadriel is a non-playable character, who narrates cutscenes and instances throughout the second Volume of the Epic story. Introduced in [[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria]] Book VI: [[The Shadowy Abyss]], she usually resides on a [[talan]] at [[Caras Galadhon]].<br />
<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
:Cate Blanchett reprised her role as Galadriel, although the character itself is absent from the novel.<ref name="PJCasting">{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150168211921558|articlename=Production begins in New Zealand on The Hobbit|dated=20-March-2011|website=[http://www.facebook.com/ Facebook]|accessed=23-Dec-2011}}</ref> She appears as part of the [[White Council]] alongside [[Saruman]], [[Gandalf]] and [[Elrond]]. Later, she telepathically urges Gandalf to further seek the true identity of the [[Sauron#Sauron's Return|Necromancer]]. Finally, during the [[attack on Dol Guldur]], Galadriel plays a larger role. She first rescues Gandalf from captivity, and is ultimately the one to drive Sauron from the fortress using her [[Phial of Galadriel|phial]].<br />
<br />
'''2014: [[Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor]]:'''<br />
:Galadriel is featured in the game, although she is a non-playable character.<br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
* [[:Category:Images of Galadriel|Images of Galadriel]]<br />
{{references|notes}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:House of Finarfin]]<br />
[[Category:Second Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin names]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Galadriel]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/galadriel]]<br />
[[fi:Galadriel]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Celeborn&diff=305044Celeborn2019-06-06T21:52:11Z<p>Christolk: /* Second Age */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{cleanup}}{{sources}}<br />
{{disambig-two|the Lord of Lórien|the Tree|[[Celeborn (White Tree)]]}}<br />
{{sindar infobox<br />
| image=[[File:Ebe Kastein - Celeborn.jpg|250px]]<br />
| name=Celeborn<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=[[Telerin|T.]] ''[[Teleporno]]''<br />
| titles=Lord of [[Lothlórien|Lórien]]<br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Doriath]]; [[Lindon]]; [[Eregion]]; [[Edhellond]]; [[Imladris]]; [[Lothlórien]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]]<br />
| language=[[Sindarin]], [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Uncertain, see [[#Controversy|below]]<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule={{SA|1}} - c. {{SA|700|n}} ([[Harlindon]])<br>{{TA|1981}} - c. {{FoA|120}} ([[Lórien]]) <br />
| sailedwest=Before {{FoA|120}}<ref>{{FR|Prologue}}</ref><ref name=AppTale>{{App|Tale}}</ref><br />
| sailedfrom=[[Grey Havens]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=A member of the royal house of [[Doriath]]<br />
| parentage=[[Galadhon]] <br />
| siblings=[[Galathil]] <br />
| spouse=[[Galadriel]]<br />
| children=[[Celebrían]], ([[Amroth]]<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref>, earlier version)<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=c. 6 feet 4 inches (193cm)<ref group="note">In the chapter "[[The Mirror of Galadriel]]", the heights of Galadriel and Celeborn are described: "Very tall they were, and the Lady no less tall than the Lord". Galadriel's height of 6'4'' comes from "Appendix: Númenórean Linear Measures" to "[[The Disaster of the Gladden Fields]]" in ''[[Unfinished Tales]]''.</ref><br />
| hair=Silver, long<ref name="Mirror">{{FR|Mirror}}</ref><br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Celeborn''' ([[Sindarin|S]]: "silver-tall", pron. {{IPA|[ˈkeleborn]}}) was a noble [[Elves|Elf]] - a member of the [[Sindar]]<ref name=appb/><ref name=rgeo/> - who wedded [[Galadriel]] of the [[Noldor]]. After crossing the Blue Mountains at the beginning of the Second Age and living in the realm of [[Eregion]] for a while, he and Galadriel moved to [[Lothlórien]] to become the [[Lord of Lórien|Lord and Lady of Lórien]]. Their daughter [[Celebrían]] married [[Elrond]] Half-elven whose daughter [[Arwen]] chose a mortal life to wed [[Aragorn]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===Early life===<br />
Celeborn was a [[Sindar|Sindarin]] prince from [[Doriath]],<ref name="Sil-13">{{S|13}}</ref> being the grandson of [[Elmo]] the brother of [[Thingol|Elwe/Thingol]], and thus he was the grand-nephew of the [[King of Doriath]].<ref name="GC"/> <br />
<br />
{{seealso|#Telerin descent}}<br />
<br />
[[File:Līga Kļaviņa - Love at First Sight.jpg|left|thumb|Līga Kļaviņa - ''Love at First Sight'']]<br />
In the early [[Years of the Sun]], [[Finrod]] and [[Galadriel]] came to Doriath as guests of Elu Thingol. There Celeborn and Galadriel met, fell in love and were wedded. Galadriel remained in Doriath with Celeborn after [[Finrod]] went to the [[Caverns of Narog]] to establish the stronghold of [[Nargothrond]]. <ref name="Sil-13"/><br />
<br />
For the rest of the [[First Age]], Celeborn and Galadriel are not mentioned to have played any significant role in the general course of events of the Age, while their relatives, both Sindarin and Noldorin did. The only thing that can be said for sure, is that the couple survived the [[Wars of Beleriand]], including the [[Second Kinslaying]] by the [[Sons of Feanor]]<ref>{{S|24}}</ref>. They may have escaped to the [[Havens of Sirion|Havens]] or the [[Isle of Balar]].<br />
<br />
===Second Age===<br />
After the [[War of wrath|fall of Beleriand]], Celeborn and Galadriel came to [[Lindon]] the coastal region west of the Blue Mountains. Celeborn ruled the fief of [[Harlindon]], which was composed mostly of Sindar, under the [[High King of the Noldor]] [[Gil-galad]].<ref>{{PM|X}}</ref> <br />
<br />
Both Galadriel and Celeborn crossed into [[Eriador]] with many Noldor in their following, together with [[Sindar]] and [[Green-elves]]; and for a while they dwelt in the country about [[Lake Nenuial]].<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> They departed for [[Eregion]] in {{SA|700}} and arrived there by {{SA|750}}.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref>They dwelt for a time with [[Celebrimbor]] and the jewelsmiths of [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]]. After Celebrimbor had largely taken over, they made contact with the [[Nandor]] of Lindórinand, across the [[Hithaeglir]]. Not long after they went through [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]] to live there, becoming great among its people. <br />
<br />
It is said that Celeborn fought in the [[Sack of Eregion]], and he and [[Elrond]] narrowly escaped to a dell, where the latter founded [[Rivendell]].<ref name="GC"/> <br />
<br />
But at some later time, [[Galadriel]] and Celeborn departed from Imladris and went to the little-inhabited lands between the mouth of the [[Gwathló]] and [[Ethir Anduin]].<ref name=Galadriel>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref> There they dwelt in Belfalas, at [[Edhellond]],<ref name=Galadriel/> near the place that was afterwards called [[Dol Amroth]]; and their company was swelled by [[Silvan Elves]] from Lórinand.<ref name=Galadriel/><br />
<br />
===Third Age===<br />
In early Third Age Amroth was weary of Middle-earth and wished to sail to the [[Valinor|West]]. He departed to [[Edhellond]] and by the year {{TA|1981}}, King Amroth drowned in the Bay of Belfalas. Celeborn and Galadriel took the title [[Lord and Lady of Galadhrim|Lord and Lady]] of Lothlórien, the new name for Lindórinand and together they built [[Caras Galadhon]].<br />
<br />
Celeborn and Galadriel had a daughter named [[Celebrían]],<ref group=note>Celebrían's exact date and place of birth are not specified.</ref> who later married [[Elrond]] Half-elven of [[Rivendell]], thus making Celeborn and his wife Galadriel the grandparents of the twins [[Elladan]] and [[Elrohir]] and their younger sister [[Arwen|Arwen Undómiel]]. <br />
[[File:Rowena Morrill - The Swan-Boat of Galadriel.jpg|thumb|left|Rowena Morrill - ''The Swan-Boat of Galadriel'']]<br />
In response to the growing threat of [[Dol Guldur]], the [[White Council]] was formed in {{TA|2463}}. Galadriel was on it; it is likely that Celeborn was also a member. <br />
<br />
During the [[War of the Ring]] in {{TA|3019}}, Lórien received the [[Fellowship of the Ring]], composed of various travelers on the [[Quest of the Ring|quest]] to destroy [[the One Ring]]. He offered advice, and boats for the [[Anduin]], speeding them on their way. <br />
<br />
Celeborn's most significant recorded actions came in the same year (in March 3019), when he repulsed three attacks by [[orcs]] of [[Dol Guldur]]. Celeborn then marshalled his forces to cross the Anduin and [[Fall of Dol Guldur|lay siege to Dol Guldur]]. He captured the fortress, and Galadriel threw down its walls and purified it.<br />
<br />
===After the War of the Ring===<br />
Celeborn attended the wedding of [[Aragorn|King Elessar]] and his granddaughter [[Arwen]], and on the journey to return bade a fond farewell to [[Treebeard]] as well.<br />
<br />
{{quote|I do not think we shall meet again."<br>"I do not know, Eldest.|[[Treebeard]] and Celeborn, ''[[Many Partings]]''}}.<br />
<br />
Celeborn returned to Lothlórien, but the power of [[Nenya]] was broken. It no longer was filled with the light and life it had before. It is believed that [[Celeborn]] also relocated to Rivendell to reside with [[Elladan]] and [[Elrohir]] after the departure of [[Galadriel]] and having also grown weary of [[East Lórien]].<ref>{{FR|Prologue}}</ref><ref>{{App|Great}}</ref> <br />
<br />
By {{FoA|120}}, he sought the [[Grey Havens]] and sailed west aboard [[Last Ship]] with [[Cirdan the Shipwright]], but when he did so, he took with him the last memory of the Elder Days in Middle-earth.<ref>{{FR|Prologue}}</ref><ref>{{App|Tale}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Character==<br />
What can be gleaned of his personality is that he was quick-thinking and swift to act, one of the wisest elves of Middle-earth in the Third Age. He was a warrior too, leading his followers into battle against [[Dol Guldur]] and other menaces. <br />
<br />
==Other Versions of the Legendarium==<br />
Up to the time when ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' was published, there had been no mention of Celeborn in the previously written legendarium. [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] later attempted multiple times to fix upon the story behind such an important elf. He remains a fairly unsubstantial character in the legendarium, for despite his profound effect upon the doings of the Elder Days, there is very little direct information on him as a person.<br />
<br />
In his first writings (which make up the bulk of the matter of Celeborn)and the works published during Tolkien's lifetime, the elf-lord is portrayed as a kinsman of Thingol and one of the Sindar,<ref name=appb>{{App|B1}}</ref><ref name=rgeo>{{RGEO|Notes}}</ref> and met Galadriel when she came with the Noldor into exile. In a brief, speculative paper written by Tolkien included in ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'', Celeborn is made Thingol’s grandnephew, by the King’s brother [[Elmo]], who is also linked to Círdan. Elmo appears nowhere else in the legendarium.<br />
<br />
===Telerin descent===<br />
According to an alternate history of Celeborn and Galadriel in [[Unfinished Tales]], Celeborn was a [[Teler]] of noble rank in [[Alqualondë]], born '''[[Teleporno]]'''<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, pp. 347, 364 (note 46)</ref>, grandson of [[Olwë]], King of the [[Falmari]] (so that he still was a kinsman of the king Thingol back in Beleriand).<ref name="GC">{{UT|6}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Galadriel|Artanis]], Olwë's granddaughter and a [[Noldor]]in princess of great beauty, often spent long visits to Alqualondë and her mother’s kin. During this time the two fell in love, and Teleporno gave her the romantic epithet ''[[Alatáriel]]'', meaning "Maiden Crowned with Radiant Garland".<ref name="Shib">{{PM|Shibboleth}}</ref> Teleporno's name gained an additional [[Quenya]] form, '''[[Telporno]]''' (pron. {{IPA|[telˈporno]}}).<br />
<br />
Later, Teleporno and Artanis helped to defend Alqualondë from the Noldor during the [[Kinslaying at Alqualondë|First Kinslaying]]. Nevertheless, Artanis’s heart was fired by the stories of [[Fëanor]] of the open lands across the [[Belegaer|sea]]. She urged Teleporno to take a ship eastward to [[Endor]], and he gave in. In doing so the two fell under the [[Ban of the Valar]].<br />
<br />
In Beleriand, Teleporno and Artanis were greeted by [[Thingol|Elu Thingol]], High King of the [[Sindar]] and Lord of [[Doriath]]. Teleporno eventually "[[Sindarization|Sindarized]]" his name to Celeborn; Artanis Sindarinized the epithet Celeborn had given her, and Alatáriel became Galadriel.<br />
===Controversy===<br />
Celeborn as a Telerin prince seems a late development. This altered origin was not adopted into the published ''[[Silmarillion]]'', primarily because it contradicted published [[canon]], and was not incorporated in Tolkien's drafts of the earlier parts, and therefore would have necessitated a major rewrite by [[Christopher Tolkien]] and [[Guy Gavriel Kay]] to account for a separate departure of Galadriel. <br />
<br />
{{quote|On the other hand, the making of Celeborn into a Telerin Elf of Aman contradicts not only statements in The Silmarillion, but also those cited already from The Road Goes Ever On and Appendix B to The Lord of the Rings”|[[Christopher Tolkien]], [[Unfinished Tales]]}}<br />
<br />
It's unknown whether Tolkien would have revised the story or would have felt bound by published writings.<br />
<br />
His Telerin ancestry would have made the couple first or second cousin. In the [[Morgoth's Ring]] it is stated that the first cousins might marry, but seldom did so, or desired to do so.<ref>{{MR|Laws}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Celeborn.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
''Celeborn'' is a [[Sindarin]] name, consisting of ''[[celeb]]'' ("silver") + a derivative of ''[[ornā]]'' ("tall"). ''Teleporno'', his original [[Telerin]] name, has an identical meaning. The name Teleporno was "Sindarized" as ''Celeborn'': [[Telerin]] ''[[telepi|telpe]]'' ("silver") (Quenya ''[[telpe|tyelpe]]'') was transformed to Sindarin ''celeb''.<ref>{{UT|6e}}</ref><br />
<br />
He was given the epithet "the Wise" by Galadriel in ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''.<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Celeborn in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|lines=2<br />
|File:Angus McBride - Celeborn.jpg|Celeborn in ''[[Middle-earth: The Wizards]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings (1978 film) - Celeborn.jpg|Celeborn in [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings (film series) - Celeborn 2.jpg|Celeborn in [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings - The Fellowship of the Ring (video game) - Celeborn.jpg|Celeborn in [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Celeborn.jpg|Celeborn in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''1978: ''[[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|The Lord of the Rings]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn only has a brief, role and speaks only one line. He appeared beside [[Galadriel]] for a brief shot.<br />
<br />
'''1981: ''[[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|The Lord of the Rings]]'''''<br />
:Celeborn was voiced by [[Simon Cadell]]. Unusually, virtually the whole dialogue Celeborn speaks in the book is utilised in the radio adaptation. <br />
<br />
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn is played by [[Marton Csokas]]. The role was extremely small in the theatrical version, but expanded slightly in the Extended Edition of ''The Fellowship of the Ring''. In that version, he participates in giving gifts to the Fellowship as they are leaving Lórien. Notably, he gives [[Aragorn]] a dagger and warns him of the dangers the Fellowship will face while sailing down the [[Anduin]]. <br />
<br />
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:Celeborn makes a brief appearance in Lothlorien.<br />
<br />
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn leaves for Valinor with Galadriel and the other Ringbearers, rather than remaining behind as in the book.<br />
<br />
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn only appears during the "Evil" campaign, when is he is slain by the Forces of Sauron.<br />
<br />
'''2007-: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn can be found alongside Galadriel on a main talan in [[Caras Galadhon]]. He is involved in various storylines, including negotiations with the Dwarves of the Iron Hill Garrison and organization of a military assault against [[Dol Guldur]] in [[Mirkwood]].<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[:Category:Images of Celeborn|Images of Celeborn]]<br />
<br />
{{references|notes}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:Falmari]]<br />
[[Category:Sindar]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Second Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Fourth Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin names]]<br />
[[de:Celeborn (Elb)]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:elfes:teleri:sindar:celeborn]]<br />
[[fi:Celeborn]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Celeborn&diff=305043Celeborn2019-06-06T21:51:29Z<p>Christolk: /* Second Age */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{cleanup}}{{sources}}<br />
{{disambig-two|the Lord of Lórien|the Tree|[[Celeborn (White Tree)]]}}<br />
{{sindar infobox<br />
| image=[[File:Ebe Kastein - Celeborn.jpg|250px]]<br />
| name=Celeborn<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=[[Telerin|T.]] ''[[Teleporno]]''<br />
| titles=Lord of [[Lothlórien|Lórien]]<br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Doriath]]; [[Lindon]]; [[Eregion]]; [[Edhellond]]; [[Imladris]]; [[Lothlórien]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]]<br />
| language=[[Sindarin]], [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Uncertain, see [[#Controversy|below]]<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule={{SA|1}} - c. {{SA|700|n}} ([[Harlindon]])<br>{{TA|1981}} - c. {{FoA|120}} ([[Lórien]]) <br />
| sailedwest=Before {{FoA|120}}<ref>{{FR|Prologue}}</ref><ref name=AppTale>{{App|Tale}}</ref><br />
| sailedfrom=[[Grey Havens]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=A member of the royal house of [[Doriath]]<br />
| parentage=[[Galadhon]] <br />
| siblings=[[Galathil]] <br />
| spouse=[[Galadriel]]<br />
| children=[[Celebrían]], ([[Amroth]]<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref>, earlier version)<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=c. 6 feet 4 inches (193cm)<ref group="note">In the chapter "[[The Mirror of Galadriel]]", the heights of Galadriel and Celeborn are described: "Very tall they were, and the Lady no less tall than the Lord". Galadriel's height of 6'4'' comes from "Appendix: Númenórean Linear Measures" to "[[The Disaster of the Gladden Fields]]" in ''[[Unfinished Tales]]''.</ref><br />
| hair=Silver, long<ref name="Mirror">{{FR|Mirror}}</ref><br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Celeborn''' ([[Sindarin|S]]: "silver-tall", pron. {{IPA|[ˈkeleborn]}}) was a noble [[Elves|Elf]] - a member of the [[Sindar]]<ref name=appb/><ref name=rgeo/> - who wedded [[Galadriel]] of the [[Noldor]]. After crossing the Blue Mountains at the beginning of the Second Age and living in the realm of [[Eregion]] for a while, he and Galadriel moved to [[Lothlórien]] to become the [[Lord of Lórien|Lord and Lady of Lórien]]. Their daughter [[Celebrían]] married [[Elrond]] Half-elven whose daughter [[Arwen]] chose a mortal life to wed [[Aragorn]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===Early life===<br />
Celeborn was a [[Sindar|Sindarin]] prince from [[Doriath]],<ref name="Sil-13">{{S|13}}</ref> being the grandson of [[Elmo]] the brother of [[Thingol|Elwe/Thingol]], and thus he was the grand-nephew of the [[King of Doriath]].<ref name="GC"/> <br />
<br />
{{seealso|#Telerin descent}}<br />
<br />
[[File:Līga Kļaviņa - Love at First Sight.jpg|left|thumb|Līga Kļaviņa - ''Love at First Sight'']]<br />
In the early [[Years of the Sun]], [[Finrod]] and [[Galadriel]] came to Doriath as guests of Elu Thingol. There Celeborn and Galadriel met, fell in love and were wedded. Galadriel remained in Doriath with Celeborn after [[Finrod]] went to the [[Caverns of Narog]] to establish the stronghold of [[Nargothrond]]. <ref name="Sil-13"/><br />
<br />
For the rest of the [[First Age]], Celeborn and Galadriel are not mentioned to have played any significant role in the general course of events of the Age, while their relatives, both Sindarin and Noldorin did. The only thing that can be said for sure, is that the couple survived the [[Wars of Beleriand]], including the [[Second Kinslaying]] by the [[Sons of Feanor]]<ref>{{S|24}}</ref>. They may have escaped to the [[Havens of Sirion|Havens]] or the [[Isle of Balar]].<br />
<br />
===Second Age===<br />
After the [[War of wrath|fall of Beleriand]], Celeborn and Galadriel came to [[Lindon]] the coastal region west of the Blue Mountains. Celeborn ruled the fief of [[Harlindon]], which was composed mostly of Sindar, under the [[High King of the Noldor]] [[Gil-galad]].<ref>{{PM|X}}</ref> <br />
<br />
Both Galadriel and Celeborn crossed into [[Eriador]] with many Noldor in their following, together with [[Sindar]] and [[Green-elves]]; and for a while they dwelt in the country about [[Lake Nenuial]].<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> They departed for [[Eregion]] in {{SA|700}} and arrived there by {{SA|750}}.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref>They dwelt for a time with [[Celebrimbor]] and the jewelsmiths of [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]]. After Celebrimbor had largely taken over, they made contact with the [[Nandor]] of Lindórinand, across the [[Hithaeglir]]. Not long after they went through [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]] to live there, becoming great among its people. <br />
<br />
It is said that Celeborn fought in the [[Sack of Eregion]], and he and [[Elrond]] narrowly escaped to a dell, where the latter founded [[Rivendell]].<ref name="GC"/> <br />
<br />
But at some later time, [[Galadriel]] and Celeborn together with [[Celebrían]], departed from Imladris and went to the little-inhabited lands between the mouth of the [[Gwathló]] and [[Ethir Anduin]].<ref name=Galadriel>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref> There they dwelt in Belfalas, at [[Edhellond]],<ref name=Galadriel/> near the place that was afterwards called [[Dol Amroth]]; and their company was swelled by [[Silvan Elves]] from Lórinand.<ref name=Galadriel/><br />
<br />
===Third Age===<br />
In early Third Age Amroth was weary of Middle-earth and wished to sail to the [[Valinor|West]]. He departed to [[Edhellond]] and by the year {{TA|1981}}, King Amroth drowned in the Bay of Belfalas. Celeborn and Galadriel took the title [[Lord and Lady of Galadhrim|Lord and Lady]] of Lothlórien, the new name for Lindórinand and together they built [[Caras Galadhon]].<br />
<br />
Celeborn and Galadriel had a daughter named [[Celebrían]],<ref group=note>Celebrían's exact date and place of birth are not specified.</ref> who later married [[Elrond]] Half-elven of [[Rivendell]], thus making Celeborn and his wife Galadriel the grandparents of the twins [[Elladan]] and [[Elrohir]] and their younger sister [[Arwen|Arwen Undómiel]]. <br />
[[File:Rowena Morrill - The Swan-Boat of Galadriel.jpg|thumb|left|Rowena Morrill - ''The Swan-Boat of Galadriel'']]<br />
In response to the growing threat of [[Dol Guldur]], the [[White Council]] was formed in {{TA|2463}}. Galadriel was on it; it is likely that Celeborn was also a member. <br />
<br />
During the [[War of the Ring]] in {{TA|3019}}, Lórien received the [[Fellowship of the Ring]], composed of various travelers on the [[Quest of the Ring|quest]] to destroy [[the One Ring]]. He offered advice, and boats for the [[Anduin]], speeding them on their way. <br />
<br />
Celeborn's most significant recorded actions came in the same year (in March 3019), when he repulsed three attacks by [[orcs]] of [[Dol Guldur]]. Celeborn then marshalled his forces to cross the Anduin and [[Fall of Dol Guldur|lay siege to Dol Guldur]]. He captured the fortress, and Galadriel threw down its walls and purified it.<br />
<br />
===After the War of the Ring===<br />
Celeborn attended the wedding of [[Aragorn|King Elessar]] and his granddaughter [[Arwen]], and on the journey to return bade a fond farewell to [[Treebeard]] as well.<br />
<br />
{{quote|I do not think we shall meet again."<br>"I do not know, Eldest.|[[Treebeard]] and Celeborn, ''[[Many Partings]]''}}.<br />
<br />
Celeborn returned to Lothlórien, but the power of [[Nenya]] was broken. It no longer was filled with the light and life it had before. It is believed that [[Celeborn]] also relocated to Rivendell to reside with [[Elladan]] and [[Elrohir]] after the departure of [[Galadriel]] and having also grown weary of [[East Lórien]].<ref>{{FR|Prologue}}</ref><ref>{{App|Great}}</ref> <br />
<br />
By {{FoA|120}}, he sought the [[Grey Havens]] and sailed west aboard [[Last Ship]] with [[Cirdan the Shipwright]], but when he did so, he took with him the last memory of the Elder Days in Middle-earth.<ref>{{FR|Prologue}}</ref><ref>{{App|Tale}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Character==<br />
What can be gleaned of his personality is that he was quick-thinking and swift to act, one of the wisest elves of Middle-earth in the Third Age. He was a warrior too, leading his followers into battle against [[Dol Guldur]] and other menaces. <br />
<br />
==Other Versions of the Legendarium==<br />
Up to the time when ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' was published, there had been no mention of Celeborn in the previously written legendarium. [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] later attempted multiple times to fix upon the story behind such an important elf. He remains a fairly unsubstantial character in the legendarium, for despite his profound effect upon the doings of the Elder Days, there is very little direct information on him as a person.<br />
<br />
In his first writings (which make up the bulk of the matter of Celeborn)and the works published during Tolkien's lifetime, the elf-lord is portrayed as a kinsman of Thingol and one of the Sindar,<ref name=appb>{{App|B1}}</ref><ref name=rgeo>{{RGEO|Notes}}</ref> and met Galadriel when she came with the Noldor into exile. In a brief, speculative paper written by Tolkien included in ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'', Celeborn is made Thingol’s grandnephew, by the King’s brother [[Elmo]], who is also linked to Círdan. Elmo appears nowhere else in the legendarium.<br />
<br />
===Telerin descent===<br />
According to an alternate history of Celeborn and Galadriel in [[Unfinished Tales]], Celeborn was a [[Teler]] of noble rank in [[Alqualondë]], born '''[[Teleporno]]'''<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, pp. 347, 364 (note 46)</ref>, grandson of [[Olwë]], King of the [[Falmari]] (so that he still was a kinsman of the king Thingol back in Beleriand).<ref name="GC">{{UT|6}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Galadriel|Artanis]], Olwë's granddaughter and a [[Noldor]]in princess of great beauty, often spent long visits to Alqualondë and her mother’s kin. During this time the two fell in love, and Teleporno gave her the romantic epithet ''[[Alatáriel]]'', meaning "Maiden Crowned with Radiant Garland".<ref name="Shib">{{PM|Shibboleth}}</ref> Teleporno's name gained an additional [[Quenya]] form, '''[[Telporno]]''' (pron. {{IPA|[telˈporno]}}).<br />
<br />
Later, Teleporno and Artanis helped to defend Alqualondë from the Noldor during the [[Kinslaying at Alqualondë|First Kinslaying]]. Nevertheless, Artanis’s heart was fired by the stories of [[Fëanor]] of the open lands across the [[Belegaer|sea]]. She urged Teleporno to take a ship eastward to [[Endor]], and he gave in. In doing so the two fell under the [[Ban of the Valar]].<br />
<br />
In Beleriand, Teleporno and Artanis were greeted by [[Thingol|Elu Thingol]], High King of the [[Sindar]] and Lord of [[Doriath]]. Teleporno eventually "[[Sindarization|Sindarized]]" his name to Celeborn; Artanis Sindarinized the epithet Celeborn had given her, and Alatáriel became Galadriel.<br />
===Controversy===<br />
Celeborn as a Telerin prince seems a late development. This altered origin was not adopted into the published ''[[Silmarillion]]'', primarily because it contradicted published [[canon]], and was not incorporated in Tolkien's drafts of the earlier parts, and therefore would have necessitated a major rewrite by [[Christopher Tolkien]] and [[Guy Gavriel Kay]] to account for a separate departure of Galadriel. <br />
<br />
{{quote|On the other hand, the making of Celeborn into a Telerin Elf of Aman contradicts not only statements in The Silmarillion, but also those cited already from The Road Goes Ever On and Appendix B to The Lord of the Rings”|[[Christopher Tolkien]], [[Unfinished Tales]]}}<br />
<br />
It's unknown whether Tolkien would have revised the story or would have felt bound by published writings.<br />
<br />
His Telerin ancestry would have made the couple first or second cousin. In the [[Morgoth's Ring]] it is stated that the first cousins might marry, but seldom did so, or desired to do so.<ref>{{MR|Laws}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Celeborn.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
''Celeborn'' is a [[Sindarin]] name, consisting of ''[[celeb]]'' ("silver") + a derivative of ''[[ornā]]'' ("tall"). ''Teleporno'', his original [[Telerin]] name, has an identical meaning. The name Teleporno was "Sindarized" as ''Celeborn'': [[Telerin]] ''[[telepi|telpe]]'' ("silver") (Quenya ''[[telpe|tyelpe]]'') was transformed to Sindarin ''celeb''.<ref>{{UT|6e}}</ref><br />
<br />
He was given the epithet "the Wise" by Galadriel in ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''.<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Celeborn in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|lines=2<br />
|File:Angus McBride - Celeborn.jpg|Celeborn in ''[[Middle-earth: The Wizards]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings (1978 film) - Celeborn.jpg|Celeborn in [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings (film series) - Celeborn 2.jpg|Celeborn in [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings - The Fellowship of the Ring (video game) - Celeborn.jpg|Celeborn in [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Celeborn.jpg|Celeborn in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''1978: ''[[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|The Lord of the Rings]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn only has a brief, role and speaks only one line. He appeared beside [[Galadriel]] for a brief shot.<br />
<br />
'''1981: ''[[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|The Lord of the Rings]]'''''<br />
:Celeborn was voiced by [[Simon Cadell]]. Unusually, virtually the whole dialogue Celeborn speaks in the book is utilised in the radio adaptation. <br />
<br />
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn is played by [[Marton Csokas]]. The role was extremely small in the theatrical version, but expanded slightly in the Extended Edition of ''The Fellowship of the Ring''. In that version, he participates in giving gifts to the Fellowship as they are leaving Lórien. Notably, he gives [[Aragorn]] a dagger and warns him of the dangers the Fellowship will face while sailing down the [[Anduin]]. <br />
<br />
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:Celeborn makes a brief appearance in Lothlorien.<br />
<br />
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn leaves for Valinor with Galadriel and the other Ringbearers, rather than remaining behind as in the book.<br />
<br />
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn only appears during the "Evil" campaign, when is he is slain by the Forces of Sauron.<br />
<br />
'''2007-: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn can be found alongside Galadriel on a main talan in [[Caras Galadhon]]. He is involved in various storylines, including negotiations with the Dwarves of the Iron Hill Garrison and organization of a military assault against [[Dol Guldur]] in [[Mirkwood]].<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[:Category:Images of Celeborn|Images of Celeborn]]<br />
<br />
{{references|notes}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:Falmari]]<br />
[[Category:Sindar]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Second Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Fourth Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin names]]<br />
[[de:Celeborn (Elb)]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:elfes:teleri:sindar:celeborn]]<br />
[[fi:Celeborn]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Finarfin&diff=305021Finarfin2019-06-05T23:18:12Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{noldor infobox<br />
| name=Finarfin<br />
| image=[[File:Līga Kļaviņa - Royal Couple.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Royal Couple" by [[:Category:Images by Līga Kļaviņa|Līga Kļaviņa]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=''Arafinwë'' ([[Quenya|Q]],[[Father-name|fn]]),<br/> ''Ingoldo'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Amilessë|mn]])<br />
| titles=[[King of the Noldor]] in [[Valinor]]<br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Tirion]]<br />
| affiliation=<br />
| language=[[Quenya]]<br />
| birth={{YT|1230}}<br />
| birthlocation=[[Tirion]]<br />
| rule=From {{YT|1496}}<br />
| death=<br />
| deathlocation=<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=[[House of Finwë]], founded the [[House of Finarfin]]<br />
| parentage=[[Finwë]] and [[Indis]]<br />
| siblings=[[Fëanor]] (half-brother), [[Findis]], [[Fingolfin]] and [[Írimë]]<br />
| spouse=[[Eärwen]]<br />
| children=[[Finrod]], [[Angrod]], [[Aegnor]] and [[Galadriel]]<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=<br />
| hair=Golden<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Finarfin''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[fiˈnarfin]}}) was the youngest child and son of [[Finwë]] and [[Indis]] and the third [[King of the Noldor]] in [[Valinor]]. After the [[Flight of the Noldor]] he remained in [[Tirion]] and ruled the Noldor who remained in [[Aman]].<ref>{{S|Index}}, ''Finarfin''</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Finarfin was born in [[Valinor]] in {{YT|1230}}.<ref>{{MR|P2j}}, p. 92</ref> He was the youngest of the five children of [[Finwë]], the [[High King of the Noldor]]. Finarfin's mother was [[Indis]], Finwë's second wife.<ref>{{S|Princes}}</ref> Finarfin's full siblings were [[Findis]], [[Fingolfin]], and [[Írimë]] while his half-brother was the great [[Elves|Elf]] Lord [[Fëanor]]. Fëanor disapproved of his father's second marriage and had little love for Indis and her children, although Finarfin remained far from those disputes.<ref>{{S|Feanor}}</ref><br />
<br />
In {{YT|1280}} Finarfin married [[Eärwen]], daughter of [[Olwë]], King of the [[Teleri]] in [[Valinor]].<ref>{{MR|P2j}}, p. 92</ref> They had four children: [[Finrod]], [[Angrod]], [[Aegnor]] and [[Galadriel]].<ref group="note">[[Orodreth]] appears as one of Finarfin's sons in ''[[The Silmarillion]]''. In [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien's]] writings, however, he was clearly marked as [[Angrod]]'s son. [[Christopher Tolkien]], the editor of ''The Silmarillion'', later admitted the mistake.</ref><ref>{{PM|Gil-galad}}, pp. 349-351</ref> Finarfin's mother was of the [[Vanyar]], and he inherited her fair hair, which he passed on to his children.<ref>{{PM|Case}}, p. 336</ref> The Elves of the '''[[House of Finarfin]]''' were unique among their kin who had dark hair.<br />
<br />
In {{YT|1495}}.<ref>{{MR|P2j}}, p. 100</ref> [[Morgoth|Melkor]] destroyed the [[Two Trees]],<ref>{{S|Darkening}}</ref> slaughtered Finarfin's father Finwë, and stole the [[Silmarils]] of Fëanor. Enraged, Fëanor came to the city of [[Tirion|Tirion upon Túna]] and convinced many of his kinsmen to leave Valinor for [[Middle-earth]], to recover the Silmarils and defeat Morgoth. Fëanor was a charismatic speaker, but Fingolfin and Finarfin were unmoved. However they too followed their half-brother, more for their children who eagerly accepted his cause.<br />
<br />
The [[Noldor]] followed Fëanor in groups, and Fingolfin and Finarfin led the last host. As such they did not participate in the [[First Kinslaying]] or know its true cause at the time. While they were travelling up the coast of [[Araman]], the [[Valar|Vala]] [[Mandos]] appeared and pronounced the [[Doom of Mandos|Doom of the Noldor]]. Finarfin, dismayed by the prophecy and already contemplating return because of the tragedy of the Kinslaying of his wife's people at [[Alqualondë]], returned to Valinor with a small group of his people; his sons, though, would not forsake the sons of Fingolfin and went on.<ref>{{S|Flight}}</ref> <br />
[[File:Maureval - The War of Wrath.jpg|thumb|left|Maureval - ''The War of Wrath'']]<br />
Eventually Finarfin came to [[Middle-earth]], leading the Valinorean Noldor in the [[War of Wrath]], near the end of the [[First Age]].<ref>{{S|Earendil}}</ref> The fairest and wisest of the sons of Finwe, he presumably still rules the few remaining Noldor in Valinor from Tirion upon [[Túna]].<br />
<br />
== Etymology ==<br />
{{Pronounce|Finarfin.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
Finarfin's [[father-name]] was '''Arafinwë''' ([[Quenya|Q]]:"Noble [son of] Finwë", pron. [[Noldorin|N]] {{IPA|[ˌaraˈfinwe]}},[[Vanyarin|V]] {{IPA|[ˌaraˈɸinwe]}}).<ref>{{PM|Finwe}}, p.344</ref> His [[Amilessë|mother-name]] was '''Ingoldo''', changed from the earlier Ingalaurë ("[[Vanyar|Inga]]-gold", pron.{{IPA|[ˌiŋɡaˈlaʊ̯re]}}).<ref>{{PM|Finwe}}, note 30, p. 360</ref><br />
<br />
The name ''Finarfin'' is the [[Sindarin]] version of his father-name.<br />
<br />
Finarfin is rare among the [[High Elves]] of the [[Undying Lands]] who did not leave and fall under the [[Doom of Mandos]], in that he is known primarily by his name in Sindarin, a language indigenous to [[Middle-earth]] and not thought to have been known or studied in Aman until after the Exiles were allowed to return at the end of the [[First Age]], save the possibility that Sindarin was learned from the Elves of [[Beleriand]] who died and went to sojourn in the [[Halls of Mandos]]. Other such Amanya High Elves who stayed behind are primarily known by their [[Quenya]] or [[Telerin]] names. But both of Finarfin's brothers went into Exile, with the result that both were largely remembered by Sindarin names, and also Finarfin's name is structured very similarly to that of his brother [[Fingolfin]].<br />
<br />
== Genealogy ==<br />
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;"><br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| MIR |y|~|~|~|~|~|~| FIN |y| IND | | | | | | | | | | | | OLW | | | | | | | |MIR=[[Míriel]]</br><small>''d. {{YT|1170}}''</small>|FIN=[[Finwë]]</br><small>''d. {{YT|1495}}''</small>|IND=[[Indis]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|OLW=[[Olwë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | FEA | | FDS | | FNG | | IRM | | FRF |~|~|y|~|~| EAW | | SON | | | | | |FEA=[[Fëanor]]</br><small>''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''</small>|FDS=[[Findis]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]</br><small>''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''</small>|IRM=[[Írimë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FRF='''FINARFIN'''</br><small>''b. {{YT|1230}}''</small>|EAW=[[Eärwen]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|SON=''unknown sons''}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|v|-|-|.| | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | FRD | | ANG |y| ELD | | AEG | | GAL |y| CEL | |FRD=[[Finrod]]</br><small>''{{YT|1300}} - {{FA|465}}''</small>|ANG=[[Angrod]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|455}}''</small>|AEG=[[Aegnor]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|455}}''</small>|GAL=[[Galadriel]]</br><small>''b. {{YT|1362}}''</small>|ELD=[[Eldalótë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|CEL=[[Celeborn]]</br><small>''b. {{FA}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ORO | | | | | | ELR |y| CLB | | | |ORO=[[Orodreth]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|495}}''</small>|CLB=[[Celebrían]]</br><small>''b. {{SA}}''</small>|ELR=[[Elrond]]</br><small>''b. {{FA|532}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | GIL | | FIL | | ELL | | ELO | | ARW | |GIL=[[Gil-galad]]</br><small>''d. {{SA|3441}}''</small>|FIL=[[Finduilas]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|495}}''</small>|ELL=[[Elladan]]</br><small>''b. {{TA|130}}''</small>|ELO=[[Elrohir]]</br><small>''b. {{TA|130}}''</small>|ARW=[[Arwen]]</br><small>''{{TA|241}} - {{FoA|121}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
== Other Versions of the Legendarium ==<br />
Finarfin was called [[Finrod]] in earlier versions of the [[legendarium]], and his son was named '''[[Inglor Felagund]]'''. As such he appears in the 1st edition of ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' as Finrod. This was changed in later editions, but not all references to '''Inglor''' were removed, since in the later version, it is probably the Sindarin version of '''Ingalaurë'''. (see [[Gildor|Gildor Inglorion]]).<br />
<br />
In some early works, his name is spelled "Finarphin".<ref>{{MR|P4}}</ref> An early version of [[Appendix F]], mentions the "royal house of Finarphir" which was corrected in later editions.<ref>The form "Finarphir" has an entry in {{HM|Guide}}</ref> <br />
{{references|note}}<br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
|race=noldor<br />
|house=[[House of Finwë]]<br />
|born={{YT|1230}}<br />
|died=<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
|pvac=<br />
|prev=[[Fëanor]]<br />
|list=[[King of the Noldor]] in [[Valinor]]<br />
|dates=From {{YT|1496}} <br />
|nvac=None<br />
|next=Incumbent<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:House of Finwë]]<br />
[[Category:Noldor]]<br />
[[Category:House of Finarfin| ]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin names]]<br />
[[Category:Masculine names]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
<br />
[[de:Finarfin]]<br />
[[fi:Finarfin]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/finarfin]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Finw%C3%AB&diff=305020Finwë2019-06-05T23:05:53Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{noldor infobox<br />
| name=Finwë<br />
| image=[[File:Kimberly - Finwe.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Finwe" by [[:Category:Images by Kimberly|Kimberly]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=''[[Finwë#Other names and titles|Ñoldóran]]''<br />
| titles=[[High King of the Noldor]]<br>[[King of the Noldor]] in [[Valinor]]<br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Tirion]]<br />
| affiliation=<br />
| language=[[Common Eldarin]] and [[Quenya]]<br />
| birth=Between {{YT|1050}} and {{YT|1102|n}}<br />
| birthlocation=[[Cuiviénen]]<br />
| rule={{YT|1102}} - {{YT|1495|n}}<br />
| death={{YT|1495}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Formenos]]<br />
| age=between 445/4,293 and 393/3,765 [[Years of the Sun|years]]<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=Founded the [[House of Finwë]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=[[Míriel|Míriel Serindë]]</br>[[Indis]]<br />
| children=[[Fëanor]] (by Míriel)</br>[[Findis]], [[Fingolfin]], [[Írimë]] and [[Finarfin]] (by Indis)<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=<br />
| hair=Black<br />
| eyes=Bright blue-grey<ref name="Eyes">{{PM|Shibboleth}}, p. 357, note 17</ref><br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}{{Pronounce|Finwe Noldoran.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
<center>{{quote|But Melkor was also there, and he came to the house of Fëanor and there he slew Finwë King of the Noldor before his doors, and spilled the first blood in the Blessed Realm; for Finwë alone had not fled from the horror of the Dark. |''[[The Silmarillion]]'', [[Of the Flight of the Noldor]]}}</center><br />
'''Finwë''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. [[Noldorin|N]] {{IPA|[ˈfinwe]}}, [[Vanyarin|V]] {{IPA|[ˈɸinwe]}}) was the first [[High King of the Noldor]], who led his people on the journey from Middle-earth to [[Valinor]] in the blessed realm of [[Aman]]. He was a great friend of [[Thingol|Elwë]], who would later become the [[King of Doriath]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===Life in Middle-earth===<br />
<br />
The first [[Elves]] awoke in [[Middle-earth]] near the bay of the [[Sea of Helcar]], called [[Cuiviénen]], in {{YT|1050}}<ref name="Annals">{{MR|P2e}}, pp. 71-4</ref>. [[Oromë]], The Huntsman of the [[Valar]], while traveling near the [[Orocarni]] mountains, discovered the Elves and bonded friendship with their kin.<br />
<br />
Later, as the Valar decided to call the first Children of [[Ilúvatar]] in Valinor, regarding this call with suspicion, Oromë selected three elves to follow him into Aman and report back what they have seen, in the hopes that they could assuage the fears which were seeded into the hearts of the elves by [[Morgoth|Melkor]]. The three elven ambassadors were [[Ingwë]], Finwë and [[Thingol|Elwë]], who would later become kings of the three factions into which the elven race was split.<ref name=S3>{{S|3}}</ref><br />
<br />
Enamored by the wonders of Valinor, Finwë and his other two companions returned towards the Middle-earth and attempted to convince their respective peoples to follow them back into Aman. Those who agreed to follow Oromë received the name [[Eldar]]. Among them were Finwë's people, who would eventually become known as the [[Noldor]]. They later became students of [[Aulë]] the Smith.<ref name=S3/> Finwë's eldest son, [[Fëanor]], would become the greatest craftsman among the Elves of Valinor.<ref name=S5/><br />
<br />
===Life in Valinor ===<br />
[[Image:J.R.R. Tolkien - Finwe Heraldic Device.jpg|thumb|125px|Finwë's Heraldic Device]]<br />
Upon arriving in the blessed realm of Aman, Finwë was troubled only by the separation from his friend [[Thingol|Elwë]] who chose to remain in [[Beleriand]]. The Noldor settled on the hill of [[Túna]], raised for them by the Valar and, led by Finwë, they lived in the city of [[Tirion]], which they shared with the [[Vanyar]]. It was during the building of Finwë's house that the masons found the earth-gems from which they crafted countless jewels to be given freely for the enrichment of Valinor. Later, Ingwë and his people left the city of Tirion and Finwë remained the only king to rule in Tirion.<ref name=S5>{{S|5}}</ref><br />
<br />
Finwë's first wife was [[Míriel|Míriel Serindë]], skilled in all things that required fineness. From their love a son was born, [[Fëanor|Curufinwë]], who would later become known as Fëanor. As he was brought into the world, he depleted Míriel's strength and zest for life and she requested to be allowed to rest in the gardens of [[Irmo|Lórien]]. Finwë was deeply saddened by this event. He did not wish to leave the young child without a mother, nor did he want him to be their last. But as his wife explained that what would have nourished many children, was all invested in Fëanor, he had no other choice but to accept her request. And thus Míriel, with [[Manwë]]'s counsel, was placed asleep in Irmo's gardens. Her [[fëa]] eventually departed from her body and she became the first person to die in Aman.<ref name=S6>{{S|6}}</ref><br />
[[File:Steamey - Finwë Mourning Míriel.jpg|thumb|left|Steamey - ''Finwë Mourning Míriel'']]<br />
This was a shocking event for all those present in Valinor, as never one of their own had died of free will. For some time, Finwë lived in sorrow and he often visited Míriel's body, but as his loneliness and lack of joy increased, he stopped seeing her altogether. His entire love now rested with his son, Fëanor, who grew up to be mighty and skilled in all things of hands and mind. He married [[Nerdanel]] and gave Finwë [[Sons of Fëanor|seven grandchildren]].<br />
<br />
But Finwë was not content in living alone and he sought to marry for the second time. His second wife was [[Indis|Indis the Fair]], a golden haired [[Vanya]], whom he loved and rejoiced in. She gave him two sons, [[Fingolfin]] and [[Finarfin]], and two daughters, [[Findis]] and [[Írimë]]<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, ''The names of Finwë's descendants''</ref>. Though he was now blissful again, the shadow of Míriel never left the House, especially since Fëanor opposed his father's second marriage.<br />
<br />
The sons of Finwë never lived together and never shared close bonds. After the later events surrounding the [[Silmarils]] many blamed Finwë and his desire to have a second wife for the dreadful future misfortune of all those of his House. These accusations had no real merit, as Finwë had always loved his eldest son above all others, and the events surrounding his death would prove it.<br />
<br />
===Death===<br />
After three ages of imprisonment, Melkor was released from the duress of [[Halls of Mandos|Mandos]] and, as he gained the trust of the Valar again, he was eventually allowed to roam freely in Valinor.<ref name=S6>{{S|6}}</ref> The treacherous Melkor lusted for the Silmarils, those three great jewels made by the hands of Fëanor, at the might of his skill, and ever he sought a way to steal them. He had sown such lies that all the Noldor began to feel strife and mistrust, against themselves, against the other Elves, and even against the Valar.<br />
<br />
The [[House of Finwë]] was no exception. There were already grounds of argument between his sons, and these events only served to deepen these rifts. Finwë called a council and tried to moderate them towards one another. For the moment, his action seemed to be crowned with success, as Fingolfin bowed before Finwë, both privately and publically, to silence the mistrust and arguments he had in regards to his eldest brother. Soon after that the Valar called Fëanor to answer for his words against them. The stem of the evil was exposed and Melkor's covert actions revealed. However, Fëanor too was sentenced to twelve years of exile, and he removed himself north, to the fortress of [[Formenos]]. Due to the great love he had for his eldest son, Finwë renounced his throne as the King of the Noldor and followed Fëanor into exile.<ref>{{S|Unrest}}</ref><br />
<br />
In his fixation to have the Silmarils for himself, Melkor went as far as to claim them at the gates of Formenos. He was fiercely rejected by Fëanor, while Finwë sent messengers to Manwë. It was during a time of festival, that Melkor returned. All the people of Valinor were engaged in the festivities except Finwë, who, out of devotion for Fëanor and bitterness for his son's exile, chose to remain in Formenos, thus refusing to obey Manwë's call.<ref>{{S|Darkening}}</ref> After Melkor and [[Ungoliant]] destroyed the [[Two Trees of Valinor]], they headed towards Formenos. Alone Finwë had the courage to stand before the horror of the Darkness. There, before the doors of Formenos, the former King of the Noldor had been killed and the first blood was spilled in the realm of Aman. Melkor forcefully entered the fortress and stole the Silmarils, sending the Blessed Realm into darkness and causing the Noldor to depart from Valinor.<ref>{{S|Flight}}</ref><br />
<br />
After his death, Finwë dwelt for a time in the Halls of Mandos where he met Míriel, his first wife. Later, when the Valar agreed that Finwë should be brought back to life, he instead decided not to, thus giving Míriel a chance to be reincarnated.<ref>{{MR|P3II2}}, p. 207</ref><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
<br />
The name ''Finwë'' is said to be one of the oldest recorded names of the Eldar. It is not certain if ''Finwë'' had any clear meaning, but it can be analyzed as ''fin-'' (derived from [[Common Eldarin]] PHIN "hair") + ''[[-wë]]'' (suffix generally used for male names).<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, p. 340</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
The title '''''Ñoldóran''''', "King of the Ñoldor", was an other recorded name of Finwë.<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, p. 343</ref> It is apparently a compound of ''[[Noldo]]'' and ''[[aran]]'' ("king").<ref>{{webcite|website=Arda|author=[[Helge Fauskanger]]|articlename=Quettaparma Quenyallo|articleurl=http://folk.uib.no/hnohf/quen-eng.htm}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Genealogy ==<br />
Finwë had two wives. His first was [[Míriel]], who passed away soon after bearing their only child, [[Fëanor]]. His second wife was [[Indis]], of the [[Vanyar]], who bore him two sons: [[Fingolfin]] and [[Finarfin]], and two daughters: [[Findis]] and [[Írimë]].<br />
<br />
<br><br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|.| | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | UNF |y| UNK | | ING | | | | |ING=[[Ingwë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|UNK=''unknown<br/>mother''|UNF=''unknown<br/>father''}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!| | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree | MÍR |y| FIN |y| IND | | | | CHI | | | | |FIN='''FINWË'''</br><small>''d. {{YT|1495}}''</small>|IND=[[Indis]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|MÍR=[[Míriel]]</br><small>''d. {{YT|1170}}''</small>|CHI=''unknown<br/>children''}}<br />
{{familytree | | | |!| | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| |}}<br />
{{familytree | | | FËA | | FND | | FNG | | IRI | | FNR |FËA=[[Fëanor]]</br><small>''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''</small>|FND=[[Findis]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]</br><small>''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''</small>|IRI=[[Írimë]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FNR=[[Finarfin]]</br><small>''b. {{YT|1230}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br><br />
<br />
== Other Versions of the Legendarium ==<br />
<br />
In the first drafts of the genealogy, Finwë had four sons: the youngest was named ''[[Finrun]]'', but he was dropped after that, thus [[Finrod]] (later [[Finarfin]]) was Finwë's youngest son from then on.<br />
<br />
In a later version Finwë had three daughters by [[Indis]], [[Findis]] (as their first child) [[Faniel]] (as their third), and [[Finvain]] (as their youngest).<ref>{{PM|XI}}, p. 359 note 26</ref> In yet later versions, Faniel was apparently dropped, while Findis and Finvain were kept. Finvain (renamed [[Írimë]]) was moved to after Fingolfin, thus Finarfin was once again the youngest child of Finwë. <br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
<br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
|race=noldor<br />
|house=[[House of Finwë]]<br />
|born=Between {{YT|1050}} and {{YT|1102|n}}<br />
|died={{YT|1495}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
|pvac=None<br />
|prev=Position created<br />
|list=[[King of the Noldor]] in [[Valinor]]<br />
|dates={{YT|1102}} – {{YT|1495}}<br />
|next=[[Fëanor]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
|pvac=None<br />
|prev=Position created<br />
|list=[[High King of the Noldor]]<br />
|dates={{YT|1102}} – {{YT|1495}}<br />
|next=[[Fëanor]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Finwe}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:Noldor]]<br />
[[Category:House of Finwë]]<br />
[[Category:Quenya names]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
<br />
[[de:Finwe]]<br />
[[fi:Finwë]]<br />
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/finwe]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Lothl%C3%B3rien&diff=305017Lothlórien2019-06-04T23:58:25Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{disambig-more|Lórien|[[Lórien (disambiguation)]]}}<br />
{{disambig-more|Lothlórien|[[Lothlórien (disambiguation)]]}}<br />
{{location infobox<br />
| name=Lothlórien<br />
| image=[[File:J.R.R. Tolkien - The Forest of Lothlorien in Spring.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="The Forest of Lothlorien in Spring" by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]<br />
| pronun={{respell|loth|loor|ee-en}}<br />
| othernames=Dreamflower, [[Dwimordene]], [[Golden Wood|The Golden Wood]], The Hidden Land, Land of the Valley of Singing Gold, [[Laurelindórenan]], [[Lindórinand]], [[Lórinand]], [[Lórien]], Valley of Gold<br />
| location=East of [[Misty Mountains]] on both sides of the [[Celebrant]]<ref>{{UT|Map}}</ref><br />
| type=Forest<br />
| description=Golden wood with [[mallorn]] trees<br />
| regions=[[Naith]], [[Egladil]], [[East Lórien]]<br />
| towns=[[Amon Lanc]], [[Caras Galadhon]], [[Cerin Amroth]]<br />
| inhabitants=[[Galadhrim]]; [[Sindar]]in/[[Noldor]]in/[[Teler]]in leadership<br />
| created=<br />
| destroyed=<br />
| events=[[Quest of the Ring]], [[War of the Ring]]<br />
}}<br />
{{quote|O Lórien! The Winter comes, the bare and leafless Day;<br>The leaves are falling in the stream, the River flows away.<br>O Lórien! Too long I have dwelt upon this [[Hither Shore]]<br>And in a fading crown have twined the golden [[elanor]].|[[Galadriel]], ''[[Farewell to Lórien]]''}}<br />
<br />
'''Lothlórien''' was a kingdom of [[Silvan Elves]] on the eastern side of the [[Misty Mountains|Hithaeglir]]. It was considered one of the most beautiful and "elvish" places in [[Middle-earth]] during the [[Third Age]], and had the only [[mallorn]]-trees east of the [[Belegaer|sea]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===First Settlers===<br />
The first inhabitants of the forested area later known as Lórien were a group of [[Nandor]] that refused to cross the [[Hithaeglir]].<ref>{{UT|6a}}</ref> Lórien was probably one of their scattered settlements in the area. Later, however, as the power of the [[Longbeards]] of [[Moria]] grew, they relocated to the eastern side of the [[Anduin]], across the [[Nimrodel]]. The land in which they dwelt (the forest east of the [[Hithaeglir]], above [[Fangorn Forest|Fangorn]] and below [[Mirkwood]]) became known in the [[Silvan Elvish|Silvan tongue]] as ''[[Lórinand]]'', or ''Laurelindórenan''.<br />
<br />
===The Sindarin Dynasty===<br />
Following the destruction of [[Beleriand]] and the [[War of Wrath]], most of the [[Noldor]]in exiles and remnants of the Sindar retreated to [[Lindon]]. The [[Valar]] reinvited these Elves to [[Aman]], but [[Amdír]], among many others, was unwilling and remained in Lindon.<ref name="AppB">{{UT|6b}}</ref> Amdír was one of the [[Iathrim]] who spent his early life in [[Doriath]].<ref name="AppB"/> He, along with his son [[Amroth]], established himself in [[Lórinand]], where he would soon lead the princeless [[Silvan Elves]].<ref name="AaN">{{UT|Amroth}}</ref> Their language was replaced by [[Sindarin]]. The arrival of the Sinda [[Amdír]] affected the Nandor of Laurelindórenan. He took over as their King, while another Sinda, [[Oropher]], became King of [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]].<ref name=Sindarin>{{UT|6b}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Celeborn]], a Sindarin elf, dwelt with his [[Noldor]]in wife [[Galadriel]] in [[Eregion]]. They made contact with the Nandor of Lórinand, and before long they passed through [[Moria]] and arrived in the woods. Before the [[Sack of Eregion|Fall of Eregion]] and the death of [[Celebrimbor]], [[Nenya]], one of the [[Three Rings]] of the Elves, was delivered to Galadriel.<ref name=Concerning>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> Other survivors of [[Eregion]], including many [[Noldor]] and [[Sindar]], escaped into [[Khazad-dûm]] and were granted passage by their friends the [[Dwarves]], coming eventually through the [[Misty Mountains|Mountains]] to the woodlands that would long afterwards be called [[Lórien]].<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref><br />
<br />
As [[Sauron]]'s power grew over the [[Westlands]], King Amdír marshaled the [[Elves]] of Lórinand to the [[War of the Last Alliance]]. His division was cut off from the main body during the [[Battle of Dagorlad]] and many of the Nandor went down into the [[Dead Marshes]] with their King.<ref name=Sindarin/><br />
<br />
The survivors of the battle, which included Amdír’s son [[Amroth]], returned to Lórinand. Amroth was the new King, but he was tired of Middle-earth, and wished to go West and seek [[Valinor]]. When Moria fell to evil in {{TA|1981}}, many of the Lórinand elves fled [[Edhellond|south]]. Around that time Amroth departed to [[Edhellond]] with his beloved, [[Nimrodel (Elf-maid)|Nimrodel]]. The Nandor never saw either of them again.<ref>{{UT|Amroth}}</ref><br />
<br />
===The Lord and Lady===<br />
[[Image:Angus McBride - Galadriel.gif|thumb|left|220px|[[Angus McBride]] - ''Galadriel'']]After Amroth and Nimrodel had passed away, Celeborn and Galadriel took the title of [[Lord and Lady of Galadhrim]], the common Sindarin name for Lórinand.<ref name=Concerning/> With Nenya, the land was kept pure and alive, and evil was not permitted to penetrate it. They moved back to the western side of Anduin, and built [[Caras Galadhon]], the great center of the woodland kingdom. There Galadriel planted the seeds of the [[mallorn]] trees that was given to her by Gil-galad when she lived in [[Lindon]], where they couldn't grow.<ref>{{UT|Numenor}}</ref> It was because of the mallorn that Lothlórien became known as the ''Golden Wood'' thenceforth.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}, note 5</ref> Lothlórien was filled with light and life, and became beautiful and by the power of the Elven Ring the trees did not die.<br />
<br />
Under the Lord and Lady, Lothlórien prospered for more than a thousand years as time passed without decay under the golden boughs. Celeborn and Galadriel produced a daughter, [[Celebrían]] who married [[Elrond]], and their granddaughter [[Arwen|Arwen Undómiel]] was considered the fairest of the elven race at that time.<br />
<br />
In {{TA|3017}}, [[Aragorn]] passed by Lothlórien with the captured [[Gollum]] to deliver him to [[Mirkwood]]. [[Gandalf]] got word from Lothlórien on his way to the [[Shire]], and he changed his course to go and meet them.<ref>{{FR|Council}}</ref><br />
<br />
===War of the Ring===<br />
But as the [[Third Age]] began to grope for its culmination, troubles at last began to touch the Valley of Singing Gold. As the shadow of [[Sauron]] lengthened, and the [[War of the Ring]] raged, Lórien received the remnant of the [[Fellowship of the Ring]], a group of travellers on a quest of immeasurable importance. The border-wardens came across them. Among the company were [[Aragorn]], a prince of the [[Dúnedain]] and a friend of the Lady, as well as [[Legolas]] of [[Mirkwood]]. The only reservation the border-wardens had about them was the dwarf, [[Gimli]].<ref name=loth>{{FR|II6}}</ref> The Fellowship were led in blindfolded for a time, but at Galadriel's word they were taken to Caras Galadhon on [[17 January]], {{TA|3019}}, and their blindfolds were released.<ref name=Great>{{App|Great}}</ref> The very night the Fellowship arrived, a band of [[Orcs]] crossed the [[Nimrodel (river)|Nimrodel]]. A regiment or so of the [[Galadhrim]] were sent out, and destroyed the Orcs.<ref name=loth/><br />
<br />
There the Elves learned of the death of [[Gandalf]], and Galadriel knew what evil had been brought into the Golden Wood. She revealed her own ring to Frodo, and showed him her [[Mirror of Galadriel|mirror]].<ref>{{FR|II7}}</ref> Then the Fellowship was furnished with new supplies, and sent off down Anduin, bearing the gifts of the Lord and Lady.<ref>{{FR|II8}}</ref><br />
<br />
Right when the Company left, [[Gwaihir]] brought [[Gandalf]] to the Golden Wood, who was only recovering from his battle with [[Durin's Bane]]. He was healed, clothed and given a new [[staff]], before leaving for [[Fangorn]].<ref>{{TT|White}}</ref><br />
<br />
But the coming of [[The One Ring]] was only the beginning of their troubles. But they were only the heralds of greater conflicts that were to occur. [[Sauron]] unleashed massive attacks on the Golden Wood.<br />
<br />
On [[11 March]], Orcs from [[Dol Guldur]] swarmed into the forest in a full-scale assault. By the power of the Wood-elves and Galadriel’s ring, they were repulsed. The second wave came on [[15 March]], at the same time as the invasion of Mirkwood. Again, the Orcs were forced out. The third and last attack was made seven days later, [[22 March]]. They caused much destruction, but Celeborn led the Nandor in a great counter-attack that routed them utterly. Boats were made, and the armies of Lórien crossed the Anduin. They stormed [[Dol Guldur]] (the [[Nazgûl]] being absent in the war to the south), and took it. Galadriel threw down its walls, and Mirkwood was cleansed. The southern part of Mirkwood fell into the dominion of Lothlórien, and it was called [[East Lórien]].<ref name=Great/><br />
<br />
===Afterward===<br />
[[File:War in Middle Earth - Lothlórien.png|thumb|right|Lothlórien in ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien's War in Middle Earth]]'']]<br />
Only two-and-a-half years after the War of the Ring, Galadriel, the Lady of Lórien, took ship West to Valinor. Celeborn left to [[Rivendell]] several years later, and light departed from Lórien.<ref>{{App|Chief}}</ref><br />
<br />
The eastern border of Lothlórien in the southern [[Eryn Lasgalen]] became the [[East Lórien]]. It was founded after the cleansing of [[Dol Guldur]] during the [[War of the Ring]], and [[Celeborn]] ruled the [[Galadhrim]] of Lothlórien. In the [[Fourth Age]] he grew weary and left for [[Rivendell]] leaving the wooded land of East Lórien populated by only a few wandering [[Silvan Elves]].<ref>{{App|Great}}</ref><br />
<br />
In the {{FoA|121}}, a grief-filled [[Arwen Undómiel]] travelled to Lothlórien, now fully abandoned, after [[Aragorn]] surrendered his life, surrendering her own life upon [[Cerin Amroth]]. "[T]here is her green grave, until the world is changed, and all the days of her life are utterly forgotten..."<ref>{{App|Tale}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Geography==<br />
Lothlórien stood between the south-eastern end of the Misty Mountains and the great river Anduin. The river Celebrant ran through the wood from its source in the mountains to the west through to the Anduin to the east.<br />
<br />
In its earlier days, the woods of Lothlórien extended south into Fangorn Forest. In these days there was no true border between the two territories, though after conversation between [[Treebeard]] and the King of the Golden Wood it was agreed that the inhabitants of either land could walk freely at their leisure across whatever borders there may be.<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref> It is also possible that the woods of Lórien extended into the southern regions of Greenwood the Great, though there is only a small amount of evidence supporting this possibility.<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref> By the Third Age, Lórien was separate from Fangorn in the south and Mirkwood in the east by many miles.<br />
<br />
==Locations==<br />
*[[Caras Galadhon]]<br />
*[[Cerin Amroth]]<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
''Lothlórien'', said to mean "Lórien of the Blossom", is a compound of [[Sindarin]] ''[[loth]]'' + [[Quenya]] ''Lórien'' "?Dream Land"). Treebeard translates the name as "Dreamflower".<ref name=HMRC>{{HM|RC}}, p. 300 (citing from the [[Unfinished index]])</ref><br />
<br />
==Names==<br />
Lothlórien was often shortened to '''Lórien''', or the '''Golden Wood''' (referring to the golden [[mallorn]] trees that grew in that land).<ref name=HMRC/><ref name=PE17>{{PE|17}}, p. 48</ref> Other names recorded for the region were:<br />
<br />
* '''''Laurelindórenan''''' [[Quenya|Q.]] ("Valley of Singing Gold")<br />
* ''[[Lórinand]]'' ?[[Nandorin|N.]] ("valley of gold")<ref name=UTG>{{UT|Galadriel}}, note 5</ref><br />
* '''''Laurenandë''''' Q. "Valley of gold"<ref name=UTG/><br />
* '''''Glornan''''' [[Sindarin|S.]] "Valley of gold"<ref name=UTG/><br />
* '''''Nan Laur''''' S. "Valley of gold"<ref name=UTG/><br />
* '''''Lindórinand''''' ?[[Nandorin|N.]] "Vale of the Land of the Singers"<ref name=UTG/><br />
* '''''Dwimordene'''''. The name means "haunted valley" in [[Old English]].<ref>[[Robert Foster]], ''[[The Complete Guide to Middle-earth]]'', entry "Dwimordene"</ref><br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
'''1988: ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien's War in Middle Earth]]'':'''<br />
:Lórien is one of the several battlegrounds in this game. The trees are just normal trees.<br />
<br />
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Lórien was portrayed more as a city of moonshine and soft candlelight, in stark contrast to its brilliant golden appearance (filled with sunshine) in the books.<br />
<br />
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:After defeating the Balrog, the Fellowship enters Lothlórien. There are no missions; stepping towards a ladder triggers the [[Mirror of Galadriel]]-scene and continues the game.<br />
<br />
'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth]]'':'''<br />
:In the Good Campaign, Lothlórien (along with the Fellowship) is attacked by several waves of [[orcs]] and [[trolls]]. The area is full of treasures, which form the only income needed to make elven archers.<br />
<br />
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Lothlorien map.jpg|thumb|Map of Lothlórien from ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''.]]<br />
'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Similar to ''The Battle for Middle-earth'', a skirmish takes place after Fellowship's arrival in Lothlórien. Player's goal during the mission is to protect two mallorn trees from attacks for a certain period of time.<br />
<br />
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''<br />
:Lothlórien makes appearance as a Battleground in both "Evil" campaign and skirmish model. The layout of the map drastically differs from the ones in the game-predecessor.<br />
<br />
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:Lothlórien is one of major regions of the game, added following the ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria]]'' expansion. It is inhabited by over a hundred of non-playable characters, who are involved in hundreds of various quests. The map shows the major landmarks of the area: The [[Mirrormere]], rivers [[Anduin]], [[Nimrodel]] and [[Celebrant]], [[Cerin Amroth]] and [[Caras Galadhon]].<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
{{FellowshipRoute}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lothlorien}}<br />
[[Category:Forests]]<br />
[[Category:Lothlórien| ]]<br />
[[Category:Rhovanion]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]<br />
[[de:Lothlórien]]<br />
[[fi:Lothlórien]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/forets/rhovanion/lothlorien]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Galadriel&diff=305014Galadriel2019-06-04T02:19:56Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{sources}}<br />
{{disambig-more|Galadriel|[[Galadriel (disambiguation)]]}}<br />
{{noldor infobox<br />
| name=Galadriel<br />
| image=[[File:Matt Stewart - Galadriel.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Galadriel" by [[:Category:Images by Matt Stewart|Matt Stewart]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=''[[#Names|Artanis]]'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Father-name|fn]]),<br/>''[[Nerwen]]'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Amilessë|mn]])<br/>''[[Galadriel#Names|Alatáriel]]'' ([[Telerin|T]], [[epessë]])<br />
| titles= Lady of [[Lothlórien]],<br/>Lady of Light,<br/>Lady of the Wood,<br/>Lady of the [[Galadhrim]]<br/>Mistress of Magic<ref>Called thus by [[Faramir (son of Denethor II)|Faramir]] ({{TT|Window}}).</ref><br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Tirion]]; [[Doriath]]; [[Lindon]]; [[Eregion]]; [[Imladris]]; [[Edhellond]]; [[Lothlórien]]<br />
| affiliation=[[White Council]], [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]]<br />
| language=[[Quenya]], [[Sindarin]] and [[Silvan Elvish]]<br />
| birth={{YT|1362}}<ref>{{MR|P2l}}, p. 106</ref><br />
| birthlocation=[[Tirion]]<br />
| rule={{TA|1981}} - {{TA|3021}}<br />
| sailedwest=[[29 September]], {{TA|3021}}<br />
| sailedfrom=[[Grey Havens]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=[[House of Finarfin]]<br />
| parentage=[[Finarfin]] and [[Eärwen]]<br />
| siblings=[[Finrod]], [[Angrod]] and [[Aegnor]]<br />
| spouse=[[Celeborn]]<br />
| children=[[Celebrían]] ([[Amroth]]<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref>, earlier version)<br />
| gender=Female<br />
| height=6 feet, 4 inches (193cm)<ref>{{UT|Measures}}</ref><ref group=note>Quote by J.R.R. Tolkien from the Unfinished Tales, the same section referenced:'' "Thus two rangar was often called 'man-high', which at thirty-eight inches gives an average height of six feet four inches; (1.93 meters) '''but this was at a later date, when the stature of the Dúnedain appears to have decreased'''..."'' (emphasis mine)</ref><br />
| hair=Radiant gold-silver<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=White robes<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
{{quote|Very tall [Galadriel and Celeborn] were, and the Lady no less tall than the Lord; and they were grave and beautiful. They were clad wholly in white; and the hair of the Lady was of deep gold… but no sign of age was upon them, unless it were in the depths of their eyes; for these were keen as lances in the starlight, and yet profound, the wells of deep memory.|''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', "[[The Mirror of Galadriel]]"}}<br />
'''Galadriel''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[ɡaˈladri.el]}}) was a [[Noldo]], one of the [[Calaquendi]], and arguably the most famous and powerful elf of the [[Third Age]]. She was one of the bearers of the [[Three Rings]], of [[Nenya]], and with it kept her realm of [[Lothlórien]] free of stain.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===Life in Aman===<br />
When a fourth child was born to [[Finarfin]], prince of the Noldor, and [[Eärwen]], princess of the [[Falmari|Teleri]], her father named her '''[[Artanis]]''', which is "noble woman". She was unusually tall and strong as she grew, and so Eärwen’s name for her was '''[[Nerwen]]''', "man-maiden". Though the source of her hair colour was from her parents, it was said among the Eldar that her hair had captured the light of the [[Two Trees]] in Valinor, which resulted a unique and dazzling colour of gold and silver.<ref name=Galadriel>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref> According to a legend, this is how [[Fëanor]] conceived the idea of capturing the light of the trees inside the [[Silmarils]]. Despite her mixed blood, she was identified as a princess of the Noldor, as her father was the third son of [[Finwë]], [[High King of the Noldor]].<br />
<br />
During the [[Darkening of Valinor]], she was very independent and visionary. She swore no [[Oath of Fëanor|oaths]], but the words of Fëanor concerning Middle-earth kindled a desire in her heart, as she was eager to see those wide unguarded lands and rule a realm of her own.<br />
During the troubles that followed, even though she participated in the revolt of the Noldor,<ref>{{RGEO|Notes}}</ref> she fought against Fëanor in defence of her mother's kin in the [[Kinslaying of Alqualondë]].<ref name=Galadriel/> Accounts suggest she travelled among the second group led by Fingolfin, which joined the battle at [[Alqualondë]] late and without knowing how it had started. Some of that group had not participated in the killing, although it is not clear who and how many. Dismayed by the Doom of [[Mandos]], her father Finarfin abandoned the march of the Noldor and returned to Valinor. But Galadriel and her brothers crossed the [[Helcaraxë]] in far north and arrived to the northern shores of [[Hither Lands]]<ref name="Sil9">{{S|Flight}}</ref>. <br />
<br />
:See also: ''[[#Other Versions of the Legendarium|Other Versions of the Legendarium]]''.<br />
<br />
===Arrival to Middle-earth===<br />
[[File:Līga Kļaviņa - Love at First Sight.jpg|left|thumb|Līga Kļaviņa - ''Love at First Sight'']]<br />
In [[Beleriand]], Galadriel and her eldest brother [[Finrod Felagund]] came to [[Doriath]] as guests of [[Elu Thingol]], the King of Doriath. It was there she met [[Celeborn]], a kinsman of Thingol, who would become her husband and companion in Middle-earth<ref>{{S|13}}</ref>. When her brother Finrod departed to the [[Caverns of Narog]] to establish the stronghold of [[Nargothrond]], Galadriel did not go with him and remained in Doriath with her husband, though she occasionally visited her brother in Nargothrond.<br />
[[Image:Donato Giancola - Galadriel and the mirror.jpg|right|thumb|[[Donato Giancola]] - ''Galadriel and the mirror'']]<br />
During her days in Doriath, Galadriel became friends with Queen [[Melian]] the [[Maia]], and they spoke often to one another about Valinor.<ref name="Sil15">{{S|15}}</ref> Melian was eager to learn the causes of the [[Exile of the Noldor|Exile of the Noldor]], but Galadriel would tell her nothing of what occurred after the death of the Trees. Eventually, however, as Melian’s guesses became more shrewd and accurate, Galadriel revealed the tale to her, though still leaving out the Oath of Feanor, the Kinslaying and the burning of the Ships at [[Losgar]].<ref name="Sil15"/> Melian was able to discern some of what was left unsaid, and still more came as rumors to Thingol’s ears. At last, egged on by the accusing words of Thingol, [[Angrod]] told all. Galadriel was not expelled from Doriath because of Thingol’s sympathy to the houses of Finarfin and Fingolfin for the wrongs they had suffered. All the same, she went to Nargothrond to live with Finrod for a time.<ref name="Sil15"/> Presumably, she returned to Doriath to live with her husband.<br />
<br />
Galadriel did not have any significant role in the general course of events in the [[War of the Jewels]]. She and Celeborn survived, or even were not present in the [[Sack of Nargothrond|destruction of Nargothrond]] in {{FA|495}} and [[Second Kinslaying|Doriath]] in {{FA|503}}/{{FA|506}}. It is not unlikely that after the destruction of Doriath they went to the [[Havens of Sirion]] along with many survivors of Beleriand (or even with their Telerin kin to the [[Isle of Balar]] with [[Círdan]]). Thus they even survived the [[Third Kinslaying]], and after that, the [[War of Wrath]].<br />
<br />
After the overthrow of Morgoth, a ban was set upon her return to Aman by the Valar, but she was proud and replied that she had no interest in returning.<ref>{{RGEO|Notes}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Second Age===<br />
After the War of Wrath, Galadriel and Celeborn came to [[Lindon]] with the other survivors of Beleriand.<ref>{{App|B1}}</ref>They ruled over the fiefdom of [[Harlindon]], which was composed mostly of [[Sindar]], under the [[Gil-galad|High King Gil-galad]]<ref>{{PM|X}}</ref>. Eventually the couple moved to a new land called [[Eregion]] in far eastwards of Lindon.<ref>{{RGEO|Notes}}</ref> Both Galadriel and [[Celeborn]] crossed into [[Eriador]] with many Noldor in their following, together with [[Sindar]] and [[Green-elves]]; and for a while they dwelt in the country about [[Lake Nenuial]].<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> They departed for [[Eregion]] in {{SA|700}} and arrived there by {{SA|750}}.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> It was ruled by [[Celebrimbor]], a grandson of Fëanor and distant cousin of Galadriel. They dwelt there for a time and Galadriel was probably present during the crafting of the [[Rings of Power]]. Eventually, Galadriel and Celeborn made contact with the [[Nandor]] of [[Amdír]], who dwelt in a forest realm called Lindórinand (Vale of the Land of Singers) across the [[Misty Mountains]]. They crossed the [[Hithaeglir]] through [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]] and relocated to there, becoming great among the [[Silvan Elves|Wood-elves]]. <br />
<br />
Celebrimbor and the jewelsmiths of [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]] collaborated with [[Annatar]] on the great process of making Rings of Power.<ref name="SilV">{{S|V}}</ref> By Annatar’s help, the Elves of Eregion created many rings, but both Celebrimbor and Annatar created greater rings of their own in secret. Celebrimbor wrought the [[Three Rings]] of the Elves, which were far more powerful than the lesser rings. Annatar, however, wrought [[the One Ring]]. When he placed it on his finger, the Elves were aware of his treachery, and took off their rings. Celebrimbor, afraid for his life but even more for the safety of the Three Rings, sent them to two of the [[Wise]]: [[Narya]] and [[Vilya]] for Gil-galad and [[Círdan]], respectively, and [[Nenya]] for Galadriel. Very few even of the Eldar knew who hid each of these Rings. Celebrimbor was slain by [[Sauron]] not long after, and Eregion was laid waste.<ref name="SilV"/> But the Three Rings were safe. [[Image:Angus McBride - Galadriel.gif|thumb|left|250px|[[Angus McBride]] - ''Galadriel'']]<br />
At this time, many Noldor of Sindarin speech migrated to the realm of Amdír, escaping from the destruction of Eregion, and Celeborn fortified it against Sauron's attempts to cross the Anduin. Soon thereafter, the White Council (not to be confused with the first White Council of the Third Age) was held in the newly-found realm of Imladris, where Elrond met and fell in love with Celebrían, the daughter that Galadriel and Celeborn had at some time during the Second Age.<ref name=Galadriel/><br />
<br />
But at some later time, Galadriel and Celeborn together with Celebrían, departed from Imladris and went to the little-inhabited lands between the mouth of the [[Gwathló]] and [[Ethir Anduin]].<ref name=Galadriel/> There they dwelt in Belfalas, at [[Edhellond]],<ref name=Galadriel/> near the place that was afterwards called [[Dol Amroth]]; and their company was swelled by [[Silvan Elves]] from Lórinand.<ref name=Galadriel/><br />
<br />
In time [[Amdír]], King of Lindórinand, was slain in the [[Battle of Dagorlad]] during the [[War of the Last Alliance]]. Celeborn may have participated in the war, but the greatest effect it had on the twain was the destruction of [[Sauron]] and the loss of [[the One Ring]]. Galadriel was now free to use her ring.<br />
<br />
===Third Age===<br />
When King [[Amroth]] son of Amdír perished, Celeborn and Galadriel ruled Lindórinand jointly, and were called the [[Lord and Lady of Galadhrim]]. Galadriel planted the [[mallorn]] seeds brought with her from Lindon, the only mallorn east of the Sea, and afterwards the realm was called Lórinand (Valley of Gold) and Laurelindórinand (Valley of the Singing Gold), which through some transformations turned into the later name of [[Lothlórien]] or Lórien. They established [[Caras Galadhon]], and the realm of Lothlórien was one of light and life. With [[Nenya]], the Ring of Water, Galadriel made the realm of Lórien even greater. With the power of her ring, she protected it from the intrusion of evils throughout the Third Age.It was during their days of power and glory in Lothlórien that Celebrían, their only child, married [[Elrond]], a close friend of Galadriel’s and bearer of [[Vilya]] after the death of Gil-galad during the Alliance. Celeborn and Galadriel had three grandchildren by her, one of whom, [[Arwen]], they were especially close to. But Celebrían was waylaid and tortured by [[Orcs]] in {{TA|2509}}, and passed West over the sea.<br />
<br />
In {{TA|2463}} the [[White Council]] was formed. Galadriel, being one of the [[Wise]] and the greatest threat to Sauron alive, was one of the members.<ref name="SilV"/> Celeborn may have been as well, but this is not known for sure. She was a good friend of [[Gandalf]], and recommended that he be made head of the Council. But this distinction fell instead to [[Saruman]], whom she distrusted. Sometime before the Quest for the Lonely Mountain, the White Council began to notice a dark shadow arising in Mirkwood. When Gandalf later discovered it to be Sauron, he urged the council to drive him out. After deliberating, the council acted and Galadriel assisted them in driving Sauron out of Dol Guldur in the year 2941 of the Third Age.<br />
<br />
[[Image:Billy Mosig - The Mirror of Galadriel.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Billy Mosig]] - ''The Mirror of Galadriel'']]During the [[War of the Ring]], Galadriel met the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] in {{TA|3019}}. She especially was attentive to the [[Hobbits|Hobbit]] [[Frodo Baggins]], who was the bearer of [[the One Ring]]. She showed him Nenya, and let him gaze into her [[Mirror of Galadriel|mirror]] of seeing. He offered her the One Ring, and despite the extreme temptation, she resisted it successfully. She sent the Fellowship off on their quest furnished with [[Gifts_of_Galadriel|gifts]]. The two most important gifts she gave were to [[Aragorn]], whom she knew well and liked, and a [[Dwarves|dwarf]] named [[Gimli]]. To Aragorn she gave the [[Elfstone]], which she and her daughter Celebrían had worn. This jewel was created for her by Celebrimbor in Eregion, in remembrance of the first Elfstone, that was now lost.<ref name=Galadriel/> She was unsure as to what to give Gimli, and asked what he wanted. After complimenting her beauty, he requested a single strand of her hair. Galadriel remembered the posing of a similar question by Fëanor, but had searched Gimli’s heart and knew that his intentions were pure. She rewarded him with three strands, which he was later to put into an imperishable crystal in memory of her.<br />
<br />
Not long after the departure of the Fellowship she received the resurrected Gandalf. She reclothed and refurnished him, giving him a new staff. After Gandalf left, Lothlórien was subjected to three successive attacks by armies coming out of [[Dol Guldur]]. By the power of her Ring they were thrice repulsed. Celeborn then led [[Fall of Dol Guldur|an attack on Dol Guldur]] itself. Once the dark fortress was in the hands of the Galadhrim, Galadriel came, threw down its walls, and purified it of its evil. It was her last act of power, for the One Ring was destroyed, and the strength of Nenya waned and eventually vanished almost completely.<br />
<br />
===Return to Valinor===<br />
Galadriel attended the wedding of Aragorn with Arwen, then returned to Lothlórien. But in {{TA|3021}}, two years later, she bade farewell to Celeborn her husband and went West to Valinor. With her went the other two bearers of the Rings, Gandalf and Elrond, and Frodo and Bilbo Baggins who had borne the One Ring. They passed West, and came never again to Middle-earth. There in Valinor Galadriel must have tried to heal Frodo of his spiritual wounds.{{fact}} Whether she was successful or not is unknown. But sometime later during the [[Fourth Age]] she received Celeborn{{fact}}, her husband. And in {{FoA|120}}, it is said, she received Gimli her admirer, who was the first and only dwarf to enter Valinor.<br />
<br />
==Characteristics==<br />
Galadriel was very beautiful, her hair being the most notable feature about her. It reminded the Eldar of the light of the [[Two Trees]].<ref name=Galadriel/> Galadriel, at least in her earlier years, was of a somewhat proud and rebellious nature. She was free-spirited, and during her time in Aman had many dreams of wide unexplored lands. In her early youth, she was very willful and of an "Amazon" disposition; and bound up her hair as a crown when taking part in athletic feats.<ref>{{L|348}}</ref> Her favorite brother was Finrod, for he, too, shared this vision. She could explore the minds and hearts of others, and her gaze was seeing. It may be because of her unusual beauty and power that she became proud.<br />
<br />
But by the Third Age she is also seen to act with wisdom and gentleness. In ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', she appears very gentle, firm, and wise. She was revered even more than Celeborn by the Galadhrim and all who met her.<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Galadriel.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
''[[Galadriel]]'' is a [[Sindarin]] name translated by [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] as "glittering garland",<ref>{{L|345}}, p. 423</ref> "Maiden crowned with gleaming hair",<ref>{{L|348}}, p. 428</ref> and "maiden crowned with a radiant garland".<ref name=SApp>{{S|Appendix}}</ref><ref>{{HM|RC}}, pp. 44-45</ref> It has been suggested that ''Galadriel'' consists of ''[[galad]]'' ("light, radiance") + ''[[rî]]'' ("crown") + ''[[iell]]'' ("daughter").<ref>{{webcite|articleurl=http://www.tolkiendil.com/langues/english/i-lam_arth/compound_sindarin_names#g|articlename=Compound Sindarin Names|website= [http://www.tolkiendil.com/ Tolkiendil.com]}}</ref> Tolkien notes that the element ''galad'' had no relation to Sindarin ''[[galadh]]'' ("tree", or Silvan ''galad'' "tree"), but that such a connexion often was made and her name then was pronounced ''Galadhriel''.<ref name=SApp/><ref>{{MR|P3I5}}, p. 182 (commentary to §42)</ref><br />
<br />
==Names==<br />
<br />
'''''Alatáriel''''' was the [[Telerin]] [[Quenya]] name given to Galadriel by [[Celeborn]], meaning "Maiden Crowned with Radiant Garland", which referred to her hair.<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, ''The names of Finwë's descendants'', p. 347</ref><br />
<br />
At the time of her birth, [[Finarfin]] named his only daughter ''[[Artanis]]''. '''''Artanis''''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈartanis]}}, stem ''Artaniss-'') was Galadriel's [[father-name]]: it means "Noble Woman" in [[Quenya]] from ''[[arta]]'' and ''[[nís]]''.<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, ''The names of the Sons of Fëanor with the legend of the fate of Amrod'', p. 354</ref><ref>{{MR|P3II}}, p. 213</ref><br />
<br />
'''Nerwen''' is the [[Amilessë|mother-name]] of the [[Elves|elf]] [[Galadriel]].<br />
<br />
According to the custom of the Elves, her mother, [[Eärwen]], waited a while to give her daughter a name. Due to Artanis's height and her great strength of body and will, Eärwen chose the name '''''Nerwen''''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈnerwen]}}), meaning 'man-maiden'. In the end, however, their daughter used neither her [[father-name]] nor her mother-name, and instead took the name by which she is known to history: [[Galadriel]].<br />
<br />
The name “Galadriel was chosen by Artanis (’noble woman’) to be her Sindarin name, for it was the most beautiful of her names, and, chose as an epessë [after name or ‘nickname’], had been given to her by her lover, Teleporno of the Teleri, whom she wedded later in Beleriand.”<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}</ref><ref group="note">Teleporno was the Teleri-styled named for Lord Celeborn: "“It is only of course in the late version that Celeborn appears with a High-elven, rather than Sindarin, name: Teleporno." {{UT|6e}}</ref> <br />
<br />
'''''Galadhriel''''' was a name occasionally, and incorrectly, used of [[Galadriel]] after she became [[Lady of Lórien]], and meaning 'tree-garland'. As the [[Lady of the Galadhrim]], whose capital was at [[Caras Galadhon]], it is perhaps understandable that her name should have become confused with the [[Elvish]] word galadh, meaning 'tree'. Nonetheless, this usage was mistaken — her true name ''Galadriel'' actually derived from the word ''galad'' ("radiant"), and the false variant ''Galadhriel'' was never used in her own country of [[Lórien in Middle-earth|Lórien]].<ref>{{S|Appendix}}, ''kal-''</ref><br />
<br />
==Other Versions of the Legendarium==<br />
<br />
There is a bit of befuddlement and confusion in the story of Galadriel, which [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] revised multiple times. Some of the points that were revised often are the role of Galadriel in the rebellion of the Noldor, the reason why she remained in Middle-earth, and the time at which she met Celeborn. <br />
<br />
In the notes to ''The Road Goes Ever On'' and in the published ''[[The Silmarillion|Silmarillion]]'', Galadriel was one of the leaders of the revolt and followed Fëanor into Exile.<ref name="Sil9"/> She couldn't return to Valinor because a ban was set against her, and she met Celeborn in Doriath, who was one of the Sindar. This is the only version of her story that was published by Tolkien during his lifetime. <br />
<br />
However, there are two late essays written by Tolkien after ''The Road Goes Ever On'' and published in ''Unfinished Tales'' that contradict this. In one of them, though Galadriel revolts along with the other Noldor, she's offered the pardon of the Valar, but refuses to return to Aman nonetheless. <br />
<br />
In the other, later essay, Galadriel has no participation at all in the rebellion of the Noldor, but sails on her own ship to Middle-earth. She would have been allowed to sail to Middle-earth by the Valar in normal conditions, but since she did it during the disturbance of Valinor, she fell under the Doom of Mandos all the same.<br />
<br />
In both essays, she met Celeborn in Aman. He was called in Quenya ''Teleporno'', and was a young Telerin prince, probably the son or grandson of [[Olwë]] (which would make him Artanis’s uncle or cousin)*. They eventually fell in love, and he called her in his own Telerin tongue [[Alatáriel]] (later [[Sindarization|Sindarinized]] as Galadriel and semi-[[Quenya|Quenyarized]] as [[Altáriel]]). <br />
It's unknown whether Tolkien would have gone ahead with this revision (possibly making a new edition of ''The Road Goes Ever On''), or if he would have felt bound by the published version. <br />
<br />
Another point that was revised, was the time at which Galadriel passed over the mountains of Ered Luin to enter Eriador. In ''The Fellowship of the Ring'', she says that she passed over the mountains before the fall of Nargothrond and Gondolin, yet in Appendix B of The Lord of the Rings it's said that at the beginning of the Second Age she was still dwelling in Lindon, before passing over the mountains. This contradiction in the same work must have been due to a mistake during revision.<br />
<br />
Besides this, the earlier version of the story of Amroth given in [[Unfinished Tales]], says that Galadriel and Celeborn had two children, of which one was [[Amroth]].<ref name=Galadriel/><br />
<br />
== Genealogy ==<br />
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;"><br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| MIR |y|~|~|~|~|~|~| FIN |y| IND | | | | | | | | OLW | | | | | | | |MIR=[[Míriel]]</br><small>''d. {{YT|1170}}''</small>|FIN=[[Finwë]]</br><small>''d. {{YT|1495}}''</small>|IND=[[Indis]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|OLW=[[Olwë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | FEA | | FDS | | FNG | | IRM | | FRF |y| EAW | | SON | | | | | |FEA=[[Fëanor]]</br><small>''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''</small>|FDS=[[Findis]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]</br><small>''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''</small>|IRM=[[Írimë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FRF=[[Finarfin]]</br><small>''b. {{YT|1230}}''</small>|EAW=[[Eärwen]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|SON=''unknown sons''}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|v|-|-|.| | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | FRD | | ANG |y| ELD | | AEG | | GAL |y| CEL |FRD=[[Finrod]]</br><small>''{{YT|1300}} - {{FA|465}}''</small>|ANG=[[Angrod]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|455}}''</small>|AEG=[[Aegnor]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|455}}''</small>|GAL='''GALADRIEL'''</br><small>''b. {{YT|1362}}''</small>|ELD=[[Eldalótë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|CEL=[[Celeborn]]</br><small>''b. {{FA}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ORO | | | | | | ELR |y| CLB | | |ORO=[[Orodreth]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|495}}''</small>|CLB=[[Celebrían]]</br><small>''b. {{SA}}''</small>|ELR=[[Elrond]]</br><small>''b. {{FA|532}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | GIL | | FIL | | ELL | | ELO | | ARW |GIL=[[Gil-galad]]</br><small>''d. {{SA|3441}}''</small>|FIL=[[Finduilas]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|495}}''</small>|ELL=[[Elladan]]</br><small>''b. {{TA|130}}''</small>|ELO=[[Elrohir]]</br><small>''b. {{TA|130}}''</small>|ARW=[[Arwen]]</br><small>''{{TA|241}} - {{FoA|121}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
<gallery> <br />
File:The Lord of the Rings (1978 film) - Galadriel.jpg|Galadriel as portrayed in [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]<br />
File:The Lord of the Rings (film series) - Galadriel.jpg|[[Cate Blanchett]] as Galadriel in [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]<br />
File:The Lord of the Rings - The Fellowship of the Ring (video game) - Galadriel.JPG|Galadriel as portrayed in [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|Vivendi's ''The Fellowship of the Ring'']]<br />
File:Galadriel.jpg|Galadriel in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
File:The Hobbit - An Unexpected Journey - Galadriel.jpg|[[Cate Blanchett]] as Galadriel in [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]<br />
</gallery> <br />
<br />
'''1978: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]:'''<br />
:Galadriel is voiced by [[Annette Crosbie]].<br />
<br />
'''1981: [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:The voice of Galadriel is provided by [[Marian Diamond]]. In addition to the Lothlórien episodes, the voice of Galadriel is heard in Shelob's Lair as a reminder to use the phial, and she appears with Elrond in the final episode in the Shire, as they journey towards the Grey Havens.<br />
<br />
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Galadriel is played by [[Cate Blanchett]]. Galadriel narrates the Prologue, explaining the creation of the Rings of Power and the War of the Last Alliance. Earlier plans considered were to have either Frodo or Gandalf narrate the Prologue, but this was dropped: Frodo was not alive until thousands of years after these events happened, and although Gandalf was alive, he was not present in Middle-earth at the time; the Wizards came some one thousand years after the Prologue ends. Thus Galadriel narrates the Prologue, because she had first-hand accounts of this history and actively participated in its events. <br />
<br />
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:Galadriel, voiced by [[Jennifer Hale]], is the narrator of the Prologue and the Epilogue, and appears in Lothlórien.<br />
<br />
'''2002: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers]]'':'''<br />
:Galadriel frequently consults telepathically with Elrond; there is an indication from the books{{fact}} that the two were able to communicate in some way, without specific reference. In the film, unlike the book, [[Galadriel]] and [[Elrond]] send an army of [[Elves]] - led by [[Haldir]] - to [[Battle of the Hornburg|Helm's Deep]] to aid the [[Rohirrim]]. In the DVD commentary, [[Peter Jackson]] and his fellow writers explain that they worried audiences would wonder why the Elves don't seem to be helping in the war, while at the same time, they felt that actually inserting an entire separate battle scene at Lothlórien would take up too much screentime and resources. <br />
<br />
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'':'''<br />
:A spiritual apparition of Lady Galadriel appears to provide Frodo strength following his passage through Shelob's Lair, soon after he uses the Phial that she gave him. She is later seen leaving Middle-Earth along with other Ring-Bearers, but in film version her husband Celeborn departs with her at the same time.<br />
<br />
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''<br />
:Galadriel is the strongest of "Hero" units available to the Free Peoples. If a player's army manages to spot [[Gollum]] on the battlefield, take The One Ring from him and deliver it to their forces, the option to "summon" Galadriel unlocks for a large amount of resources. Thus, Lady Galadriel is represented as succumbing to corruption of The Ring, similar to the respective scene in the ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'' movie.<br />
<br />
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:Galadriel is a non-playable character, who narrates cutscenes and instances throughout the second Volume of the Epic story. Introduced in [[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria]] Book VI: [[The Shadowy Abyss]], she usually resides on a [[talan]] at [[Caras Galadhon]].<br />
<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
:Cate Blanchett reprised her role as Galadriel, although the character itself is absent from the novel.<ref name="PJCasting">{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150168211921558|articlename=Production begins in New Zealand on The Hobbit|dated=20-March-2011|website=[http://www.facebook.com/ Facebook]|accessed=23-Dec-2011}}</ref> She appears as part of the [[White Council]] alongside [[Saruman]], [[Gandalf]] and [[Elrond]]. Later, she telepathically urges Gandalf to further seek the true identity of the [[Sauron#Sauron's Return|Necromancer]]. Finally, during the [[attack on Dol Guldur]], Galadriel plays a larger role. She first rescues Gandalf from captivity, and is ultimately the one to drive Sauron from the fortress using her [[Phial of Galadriel|phial]].<br />
<br />
'''2014: [[Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor]]:'''<br />
:Galadriel is featured in the game, although she is a non-playable character.<br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
* [[:Category:Images of Galadriel|Images of Galadriel]]<br />
{{references|notes}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:House of Finarfin]]<br />
[[Category:Second Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin names]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Galadriel]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/galadriel]]<br />
[[fi:Galadriel]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Celeborn&diff=305013Celeborn2019-06-04T02:18:51Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{cleanup}}{{sources}}<br />
{{disambig-two|the Lord of Lórien|the Tree|[[Celeborn (White Tree)]]}}<br />
{{sindar infobox<br />
| image=[[File:Ebe Kastein - Celeborn.jpg|250px]]<br />
| name=Celeborn<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=[[Telerin|T.]] ''[[Teleporno]]''<br />
| titles=Lord of [[Lothlórien|Lórien]]<br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Doriath]]; [[Lindon]]; [[Eregion]]; [[Edhellond]]; [[Imladris]]; [[Lothlórien]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]]<br />
| language=[[Sindarin]], [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Uncertain, see [[#Controversy|below]]<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule={{SA|1}} - c. {{SA|700|n}} ([[Harlindon]])<br>{{TA|1981}} - c. {{FoA|120}} ([[Lórien]]) <br />
| sailedwest=Before {{FoA|120}}<ref>{{FR|Prologue}}</ref><ref name=AppTale>{{App|Tale}}</ref><br />
| sailedfrom=[[Grey Havens]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=A member of the royal house of [[Doriath]]<br />
| parentage=[[Galadhon]] <br />
| siblings=[[Galathil]] <br />
| spouse=[[Galadriel]]<br />
| children=[[Celebrían]], ([[Amroth]]<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref>, earlier version)<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=c. 6 feet 4 inches (193cm)<ref group="note">In the chapter "[[The Mirror of Galadriel]]", the heights of Galadriel and Celeborn are described: "Very tall they were, and the Lady no less tall than the Lord". Galadriel's height of 6'4'' comes from "Appendix: Númenórean Linear Measures" to "[[The Disaster of the Gladden Fields]]" in ''[[Unfinished Tales]]''.</ref><br />
| hair=Silver, long<ref name="Mirror">{{FR|Mirror}}</ref><br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Celeborn''' ([[Sindarin|S]]: "silver-tall", pron. {{IPA|[ˈkeleborn]}}) was a noble [[Elves|Elf]] - a member of the [[Sindar]]<ref name=appb/><ref name=rgeo/> - who wedded [[Galadriel]] of the [[Noldor]]. After crossing the Blue Mountains at the beginning of the Second Age and living in the realm of [[Eregion]] for a while, he and Galadriel moved to [[Lothlórien]] to become the [[Lord of Lórien|Lord and Lady of Lórien]]. Their daughter [[Celebrían]] married [[Elrond]] Half-elven whose daughter [[Arwen]] chose a mortal life to wed [[Aragorn]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===Early life===<br />
Celeborn was a [[Sindar|Sindarin]] prince from [[Doriath]],<ref name="Sil-13">{{S|13}}</ref> being the grandson of [[Elmo]] the brother of [[Thingol|Elwe/Thingol]], and thus he was the grand-nephew of the [[King of Doriath]].<ref name="GC"/> <br />
<br />
{{seealso|#Telerin descent}}<br />
<br />
[[File:Līga Kļaviņa - Love at First Sight.jpg|left|thumb|Līga Kļaviņa - ''Love at First Sight'']]<br />
In the early [[Years of the Sun]], [[Finrod]] and [[Galadriel]] came to Doriath as guests of Elu Thingol. There Celeborn and Galadriel met, fell in love and were wedded. Galadriel remained in Doriath with Celeborn after [[Finrod]] went to the [[Caverns of Narog]] to establish the stronghold of [[Nargothrond]]. <ref name="Sil-13"/><br />
<br />
For the rest of the [[First Age]], Celeborn and Galadriel are not mentioned to have played any significant role in the general course of events of the Age, while their relatives, both Sindarin and Noldorin did. The only thing that can be said for sure, is that the couple survived the [[Wars of Beleriand]], including the [[Second Kinslaying]] by the [[Sons of Feanor]]<ref>{{S|24}}</ref>. They may have escaped to the [[Havens of Sirion|Havens]] or the [[Isle of Balar]].<br />
<br />
===Second Age===<br />
After the [[War of wrath|fall of Beleriand]], Celeborn and Galadriel came to [[Lindon]] the coastal region west of the Blue Mountains. Celeborn ruled the fief of [[Harlindon]], which was composed mostly of Sindar, under the [[High King of the Noldor]] [[Gil-galad]].<ref>{{PM|X}}</ref> <br />
<br />
Both Galadriel and Celeborn crossed into [[Eriador]] with many Noldor in their following, together with [[Sindar]] and [[Green-elves]]; and for a while they dwelt in the country about [[Lake Nenuial]].<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> They departed for [[Eregion]] in {{SA|700}} and arrived there by {{SA|750}}.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref>They dwelt for a time with [[Celebrimbor]] and the jewelsmiths of [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]]. After Celebrimbor had largely taken over, they made contact with the [[Nandor]] of Lindórinand, across the [[Hithaeglir]]. Not long after they went through [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]] to live there, becoming great among its people. <br />
<br />
It is said that Celeborn fought in the [[Sack of Eregion]], and he and [[Elrond]] narrowly escaped to a dell, where the latter founded [[Rivendell]].<ref name="GC"/> <br />
<br />
After the Sack of Eregion, Celeborn and Galadriel came to Lindórinand, the land of [[Silvan Elves]] which was ruled by King [[Amdir]]. When Amdir died in the [[Battle of Dagorlad]], his son [[Amroth]] succeeded him.<br />
<br />
===Third Age===<br />
In early Third Age Amroth was weary of Middle-earth and wished to sail to the [[Valinor|West]]. He departed to [[Edhellond]] and by the year {{TA|1981}}, King Amroth drowned in the Bay of Belfalas. Celeborn and Galadriel took the title [[Lord and Lady of Galadhrim|Lord and Lady]] of Lothlórien, the new name for Lindórinand and together they built [[Caras Galadhon]].<br />
<br />
Celeborn and Galadriel had a daughter named [[Celebrían]],<ref group=note>Celebrían's exact date and place of birth are not specified.</ref> who later married [[Elrond]] Half-elven of [[Rivendell]], thus making Celeborn and his wife Galadriel the grandparents of the twins [[Elladan]] and [[Elrohir]] and their younger sister [[Arwen|Arwen Undómiel]]. <br />
[[File:Rowena Morrill - The Swan-Boat of Galadriel.jpg|thumb|left|Rowena Morrill - ''The Swan-Boat of Galadriel'']]<br />
In response to the growing threat of [[Dol Guldur]], the [[White Council]] was formed in {{TA|2463}}. Galadriel was on it; it is likely that Celeborn was also a member. <br />
<br />
During the [[War of the Ring]] in {{TA|3019}}, Lórien received the [[Fellowship of the Ring]], composed of various travelers on the [[Quest of the Ring|quest]] to destroy [[the One Ring]]. He offered advice, and boats for the [[Anduin]], speeding them on their way. <br />
<br />
Celeborn's most significant recorded actions came in the same year (in March 3019), when he repulsed three attacks by [[orcs]] of [[Dol Guldur]]. Celeborn then marshalled his forces to cross the Anduin and [[Fall of Dol Guldur|lay siege to Dol Guldur]]. He captured the fortress, and Galadriel threw down its walls and purified it.<br />
<br />
===After the War of the Ring===<br />
Celeborn attended the wedding of [[Aragorn|King Elessar]] and his granddaughter [[Arwen]], and on the journey to return bade a fond farewell to [[Treebeard]] as well.<br />
<br />
{{quote|I do not think we shall meet again."<br>"I do not know, Eldest.|[[Treebeard]] and Celeborn, ''[[Many Partings]]''}}.<br />
<br />
Celeborn returned to Lothlórien, but the power of [[Nenya]] was broken. It no longer was filled with the light and life it had before. It is believed that [[Celeborn]] also relocated to Rivendell to reside with [[Elladan]] and [[Elrohir]] after the departure of [[Galadriel]] and having also grown weary of [[East Lórien]].<ref>{{FR|Prologue}}</ref><ref>{{App|Great}}</ref> <br />
<br />
By {{FoA|120}}, he sought the [[Grey Havens]] and sailed west aboard [[Last Ship]] with [[Cirdan the Shipwright]], but when he did so, he took with him the last memory of the Elder Days in Middle-earth.<ref>{{FR|Prologue}}</ref><ref>{{App|Tale}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Character==<br />
What can be gleaned of his personality is that he was quick-thinking and swift to act, one of the wisest elves of Middle-earth in the Third Age. He was a warrior too, leading his followers into battle against [[Dol Guldur]] and other menaces. <br />
<br />
==Other Versions of the Legendarium==<br />
Up to the time when ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' was published, there had been no mention of Celeborn in the previously written legendarium. [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] later attempted multiple times to fix upon the story behind such an important elf. He remains a fairly unsubstantial character in the legendarium, for despite his profound effect upon the doings of the Elder Days, there is very little direct information on him as a person.<br />
<br />
In his first writings (which make up the bulk of the matter of Celeborn)and the works published during Tolkien's lifetime, the elf-lord is portrayed as a kinsman of Thingol and one of the Sindar,<ref name=appb>{{App|B1}}</ref><ref name=rgeo>{{RGEO|Notes}}</ref> and met Galadriel when she came with the Noldor into exile. In a brief, speculative paper written by Tolkien included in ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'', Celeborn is made Thingol’s grandnephew, by the King’s brother [[Elmo]], who is also linked to Círdan. Elmo appears nowhere else in the legendarium.<br />
<br />
===Telerin descent===<br />
According to an alternate history of Celeborn and Galadriel in [[Unfinished Tales]], Celeborn was a [[Teler]] of noble rank in [[Alqualondë]], born '''[[Teleporno]]'''<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, pp. 347, 364 (note 46)</ref>, grandson of [[Olwë]], King of the [[Falmari]] (so that he still was a kinsman of the king Thingol back in Beleriand).<ref name="GC">{{UT|6}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Galadriel|Artanis]], Olwë's granddaughter and a [[Noldor]]in princess of great beauty, often spent long visits to Alqualondë and her mother’s kin. During this time the two fell in love, and Teleporno gave her the romantic epithet ''[[Alatáriel]]'', meaning "Maiden Crowned with Radiant Garland".<ref name="Shib">{{PM|Shibboleth}}</ref> Teleporno's name gained an additional [[Quenya]] form, '''[[Telporno]]''' (pron. {{IPA|[telˈporno]}}).<br />
<br />
Later, Teleporno and Artanis helped to defend Alqualondë from the Noldor during the [[Kinslaying at Alqualondë|First Kinslaying]]. Nevertheless, Artanis’s heart was fired by the stories of [[Fëanor]] of the open lands across the [[Belegaer|sea]]. She urged Teleporno to take a ship eastward to [[Endor]], and he gave in. In doing so the two fell under the [[Ban of the Valar]].<br />
<br />
In Beleriand, Teleporno and Artanis were greeted by [[Thingol|Elu Thingol]], High King of the [[Sindar]] and Lord of [[Doriath]]. Teleporno eventually "[[Sindarization|Sindarized]]" his name to Celeborn; Artanis Sindarinized the epithet Celeborn had given her, and Alatáriel became Galadriel.<br />
===Controversy===<br />
Celeborn as a Telerin prince seems a late development. This altered origin was not adopted into the published ''[[Silmarillion]]'', primarily because it contradicted published [[canon]], and was not incorporated in Tolkien's drafts of the earlier parts, and therefore would have necessitated a major rewrite by [[Christopher Tolkien]] and [[Guy Gavriel Kay]] to account for a separate departure of Galadriel. <br />
<br />
{{quote|On the other hand, the making of Celeborn into a Telerin Elf of Aman contradicts not only statements in The Silmarillion, but also those cited already from The Road Goes Ever On and Appendix B to The Lord of the Rings”|[[Christopher Tolkien]], [[Unfinished Tales]]}}<br />
<br />
It's unknown whether Tolkien would have revised the story or would have felt bound by published writings.<br />
<br />
His Telerin ancestry would have made the couple first or second cousin. In the [[Morgoth's Ring]] it is stated that the first cousins might marry, but seldom did so, or desired to do so.<ref>{{MR|Laws}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Celeborn.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
''Celeborn'' is a [[Sindarin]] name, consisting of ''[[celeb]]'' ("silver") + a derivative of ''[[ornā]]'' ("tall"). ''Teleporno'', his original [[Telerin]] name, has an identical meaning. The name Teleporno was "Sindarized" as ''Celeborn'': [[Telerin]] ''[[telepi|telpe]]'' ("silver") (Quenya ''[[telpe|tyelpe]]'') was transformed to Sindarin ''celeb''.<ref>{{UT|6e}}</ref><br />
<br />
He was given the epithet "the Wise" by Galadriel in ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''.<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Celeborn in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|lines=2<br />
|File:Angus McBride - Celeborn.jpg|Celeborn in ''[[Middle-earth: The Wizards]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings (1978 film) - Celeborn.jpg|Celeborn in [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings (film series) - Celeborn 2.jpg|Celeborn in [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings - The Fellowship of the Ring (video game) - Celeborn.jpg|Celeborn in [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Celeborn.jpg|Celeborn in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''1978: ''[[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|The Lord of the Rings]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn only has a brief, role and speaks only one line. He appeared beside [[Galadriel]] for a brief shot.<br />
<br />
'''1981: ''[[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|The Lord of the Rings]]'''''<br />
:Celeborn was voiced by [[Simon Cadell]]. Unusually, virtually the whole dialogue Celeborn speaks in the book is utilised in the radio adaptation. <br />
<br />
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn is played by [[Marton Csokas]]. The role was extremely small in the theatrical version, but expanded slightly in the Extended Edition of ''The Fellowship of the Ring''. In that version, he participates in giving gifts to the Fellowship as they are leaving Lórien. Notably, he gives [[Aragorn]] a dagger and warns him of the dangers the Fellowship will face while sailing down the [[Anduin]]. <br />
<br />
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:Celeborn makes a brief appearance in Lothlorien.<br />
<br />
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn leaves for Valinor with Galadriel and the other Ringbearers, rather than remaining behind as in the book.<br />
<br />
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn only appears during the "Evil" campaign, when is he is slain by the Forces of Sauron.<br />
<br />
'''2007-: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn can be found alongside Galadriel on a main talan in [[Caras Galadhon]]. He is involved in various storylines, including negotiations with the Dwarves of the Iron Hill Garrison and organization of a military assault against [[Dol Guldur]] in [[Mirkwood]].<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[:Category:Images of Celeborn|Images of Celeborn]]<br />
<br />
{{references|notes}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:Falmari]]<br />
[[Category:Sindar]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Second Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Fourth Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin names]]<br />
[[de:Celeborn (Elb)]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:elfes:teleri:sindar:celeborn]]<br />
[[fi:Celeborn]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Celeborn&diff=305012Celeborn2019-06-04T02:06:06Z<p>Christolk: /* Second Age */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{cleanup}}{{sources}}<br />
{{disambig-two|the Lord of Lórien|the Tree|[[Celeborn (White Tree)]]}}<br />
{{sindar infobox<br />
| image=[[File:Ebe Kastein - Celeborn.jpg|250px]]<br />
| name=Celeborn<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=[[Telerin|T.]] ''[[Teleporno]]''<br />
| titles=Lord of [[Lothlórien|Lórien]]<br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Doriath]]<br/>[[Lindon]]<br/>[[Eregion]]<br/>[[Lothlórien]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]]<br />
| language=[[Sindarin]], [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Uncertain, see [[#Controversy|below]]<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=<br />
| sailedwest=Before {{FoA|120}}<ref>{{FR|Prologue}}</ref><ref name=AppTale>{{App|Tale}}</ref><br />
| sailedfrom=[[Grey Havens]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=A member of the royal house of [[Doriath]]<br />
| parentage=[[Galadhon]] <br />
| siblings=[[Galathil]] <br />
| spouse=[[Galadriel]]<br />
| children=[[Celebrían]], ([[Amroth]]<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref>, earlier version)<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=c. 6 feet 4 inches (193cm)<ref group="note">In the chapter "[[The Mirror of Galadriel]]", the heights of Galadriel and Celeborn are described: "Very tall they were, and the Lady no less tall than the Lord". Galadriel's height of 6'4'' comes from "Appendix: Númenórean Linear Measures" to "[[The Disaster of the Gladden Fields]]" in ''[[Unfinished Tales]]''.</ref><br />
| hair=Silver, long<ref name="Mirror">{{FR|Mirror}}</ref><br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Celeborn''' ([[Sindarin|S]]: "silver-tall", pron. {{IPA|[ˈkeleborn]}}) was a noble [[Elves|Elf]] - a member of the [[Sindar]]<ref name=appb/><ref name=rgeo/> - who wedded [[Galadriel]] of the [[Noldor]]. After crossing the Blue Mountains at the beginning of the Second Age and living in the realm of [[Eregion]] for a while, he and Galadriel moved to [[Lothlórien]] to become the [[Lord of Lórien|Lord and Lady of Lórien]]. Their daughter [[Celebrían]] married [[Elrond]] Half-elven whose daughter [[Arwen]] chose a mortal life to wed [[Aragorn]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===Early life===<br />
Celeborn was a [[Sindar|Sindarin]] prince from [[Doriath]],<ref name="Sil-13">{{S|13}}</ref> being the grandson of [[Elmo]] the brother of [[Thingol|Elwe/Thingol]], and thus he was the grand-nephew of the [[King of Doriath]].<ref name="GC"/> <br />
<br />
{{seealso|#Telerin descent}}<br />
<br />
[[File:Līga Kļaviņa - Love at First Sight.jpg|left|thumb|Līga Kļaviņa - ''Love at First Sight'']]<br />
In the early [[Years of the Sun]] [[Finrod]] and [[Galadriel]] came to Doriath as guests of Elu Thingol. There Celeborn and Galadriel met, fell in love and were wedded. Galadriel remained in Doriath with Celeborn after [[Finrod]] went to the [[Caverns of Narog]] to establish the stronghold of [[Nargothrond]]. <ref name="Sil-13"/><br />
<br />
For the rest of the [[First Age]] Celeborn and Galadriel are not mentioned to have played any significant role in the general course of events of the Age, while their relatives, both Sindarin and Noldorin did. The only thing that can be said for sure, is that the couple survived the [[Wars of Beleriand]], including the [[Second Kinslaying]] by the [[Sons of Feanor]]<ref>{{S|24}}</ref>. They may have escaped to the [[Havens of Sirion|Havens]] or the [[Isle of Balar]].<br />
<br />
===Second Age===<br />
After the [[War of wrath|fall of Beleriand]], Celeborn and Galadriel came to [[Lindon]] the coastal region west of the Blue Mountains. Celeborn ruled the fief of [[Harlindon]], which was composed mostly of Sindar, under the [[High King of the Noldor]] [[Gil-galad]].<ref>{{PM|X}}</ref> <br />
<br />
Both Galadriel and Celeborn crossed into [[Eriador]] with many Noldor in their following, together with [[Sindar]] and [[Green-elves]]; and for a while they dwelt in the country about [[Lake Nenuial]].<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> They departed for [[Eregion]] in {{SA|700}} and arrived there by {{SA|750}}.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref>They dwelt for a time with [[Celebrimbor]] and the jewelsmiths of [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]]. After Celebrimbor had largely taken over, they made contact with the [[Nandor]] of Lindórinand, across the [[Hithaeglir]]. Not long after they went through [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]] to live there, becoming great among its people. <br />
<br />
It is said that Celeborn fought in the [[Sack of Eregion]], and he and [[Elrond]] narrowly escaped to a dell, where the latter founded [[Rivendell]].<ref name="GC"/> <br />
<br />
After the Sack of Eregion, Celeborn and Galadriel came to Lindórinand, the land of [[Silvan Elves]] which was ruled by King [[Amdir]]. When Amdir died in the [[Battle of Dagorlad]], his son [[Amroth]] succeeded him.<br />
<br />
===Third Age===<br />
In early Third Age Amroth was weary of Middle-earth and wished to sail to the [[Valinor|West]]. He departed to [[Edhellond]] and by the year {{TA|1981}}, King Amroth drowned in the Bay of Belfalas. Celeborn and Galadriel took the title [[Lord and Lady of Galadhrim|Lord and Lady]] of Lothlórien, the new name for Lindórinand and together they built [[Caras Galadhon]].<br />
<br />
Celeborn and Galadriel had a daughter named [[Celebrían]],<ref group=note>Celebrían's exact date and place of birth are not specified.</ref> who later married [[Elrond]] Half-elven of [[Rivendell]], thus making Celeborn and his wife Galadriel the grandparents of the twins [[Elladan]] and [[Elrohir]] and their younger sister [[Arwen|Arwen Undómiel]]. <br />
[[File:Rowena Morrill - The Swan-Boat of Galadriel.jpg|thumb|left|Rowena Morrill - ''The Swan-Boat of Galadriel'']]<br />
In response to the growing threat of [[Dol Guldur]], the [[White Council]] was formed in {{TA|2463}}. Galadriel was on it; it is likely that Celeborn was also a member. <br />
<br />
During the [[War of the Ring]] in {{TA|3019}}, Lórien received the [[Fellowship of the Ring]], composed of various travelers on the [[Quest of the Ring|quest]] to destroy [[the One Ring]]. He offered advice, and boats for the [[Anduin]], speeding them on their way. <br />
<br />
Celeborn's most significant recorded actions came in the same year (in March 3019), when he repulsed three attacks by [[orcs]] of [[Dol Guldur]]. Celeborn then marshalled his forces to cross the Anduin and [[Fall of Dol Guldur|lay siege to Dol Guldur]]. He captured the fortress, and Galadriel threw down its walls and purified it.<br />
<br />
===After the War of the Ring===<br />
Celeborn attended the wedding of [[Aragorn|King Elessar]] and his granddaughter [[Arwen]], and on the journey to return bade a fond farewell to [[Treebeard]] as well.<br />
<br />
{{quote|I do not think we shall meet again."<br>"I do not know, Eldest.|[[Treebeard]] and Celeborn, ''[[Many Partings]]''}}.<br />
<br />
Celeborn returned to Lothlórien, but the power of [[Nenya]] was broken. It no longer was filled with the light and life it had before. It is believed that [[Celeborn]] also relocated to Rivendell to reside with [[Elladan]] and [[Elrohir]] after the departure of [[Galadriel]] and having also grown weary of [[East Lórien]].<ref>{{FR|Prologue}}</ref><ref>{{App|Great}}</ref> <br />
<br />
By {{FoA|120}}, he sought the [[Grey Havens]] and sailed west aboard [[Last Ship]] with [[Cirdan the Shipwright]], but when he did so, he took with him the last memory of the Elder Days in Middle-earth.<ref>{{FR|Prologue}}</ref><ref>{{App|Tale}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Character==<br />
What can be gleaned of his personality is that he was quick-thinking and swift to act, one of the wisest elves of Middle-earth in the Third Age. He was a warrior too, leading his followers into battle against [[Dol Guldur]] and other menaces. <br />
<br />
==Other Versions of the Legendarium==<br />
Up to the time when ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' was published, there had been no mention of Celeborn in the previously written legendarium. [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] later attempted multiple times to fix upon the story behind such an important elf. He remains a fairly unsubstantial character in the legendarium, for despite his profound effect upon the doings of the Elder Days, there is very little direct information on him as a person.<br />
<br />
In his first writings (which make up the bulk of the matter of Celeborn)and the works published during Tolkien's lifetime, the elf-lord is portrayed as a kinsman of Thingol and one of the Sindar,<ref name=appb>{{App|B1}}</ref><ref name=rgeo>{{RGEO|Notes}}</ref> and met Galadriel when she came with the Noldor into exile. In a brief, speculative paper written by Tolkien included in ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'', Celeborn is made Thingol’s grandnephew, by the King’s brother [[Elmo]], who is also linked to Círdan. Elmo appears nowhere else in the legendarium.<br />
<br />
===Telerin descent===<br />
According to an alternate history of Celeborn and Galadriel in [[Unfinished Tales]], Celeborn was a [[Teler]] of noble rank in [[Alqualondë]], born '''[[Teleporno]]'''<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, pp. 347, 364 (note 46)</ref>, grandson of [[Olwë]], King of the [[Falmari]] (so that he still was a kinsman of the king Thingol back in Beleriand).<ref name="GC">{{UT|6}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Galadriel|Artanis]], Olwë's granddaughter and a [[Noldor]]in princess of great beauty, often spent long visits to Alqualondë and her mother’s kin. During this time the two fell in love, and Teleporno gave her the romantic epithet ''[[Alatáriel]]'', meaning "Maiden Crowned with Radiant Garland".<ref name="Shib">{{PM|Shibboleth}}</ref> Teleporno's name gained an additional [[Quenya]] form, '''[[Telporno]]''' (pron. {{IPA|[telˈporno]}}).<br />
<br />
Later, Teleporno and Artanis helped to defend Alqualondë from the Noldor during the [[Kinslaying at Alqualondë|First Kinslaying]]. Nevertheless, Artanis’s heart was fired by the stories of [[Fëanor]] of the open lands across the [[Belegaer|sea]]. She urged Teleporno to take a ship eastward to [[Endor]], and he gave in. In doing so the two fell under the [[Ban of the Valar]].<br />
<br />
In Beleriand, Teleporno and Artanis were greeted by [[Thingol|Elu Thingol]], High King of the [[Sindar]] and Lord of [[Doriath]]. Teleporno eventually "[[Sindarization|Sindarized]]" his name to Celeborn; Artanis Sindarinized the epithet Celeborn had given her, and Alatáriel became Galadriel.<br />
===Controversy===<br />
Celeborn as a Telerin prince seems a late development. This altered origin was not adopted into the published ''[[Silmarillion]]'', primarily because it contradicted published [[canon]], and was not incorporated in Tolkien's drafts of the earlier parts, and therefore would have necessitated a major rewrite by [[Christopher Tolkien]] and [[Guy Gavriel Kay]] to account for a separate departure of Galadriel. <br />
<br />
{{quote|On the other hand, the making of Celeborn into a Telerin Elf of Aman contradicts not only statements in The Silmarillion, but also those cited already from The Road Goes Ever On and Appendix B to The Lord of the Rings”|[[Christopher Tolkien]], [[Unfinished Tales]]}}<br />
<br />
It's unknown whether Tolkien would have revised the story or would have felt bound by published writings.<br />
<br />
His Telerin ancestry would have made the couple first or second cousin. In the [[Morgoth's Ring]] it is stated that the first cousins might marry, but seldom did so, or desired to do so.<ref>{{MR|Laws}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Celeborn.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
''Celeborn'' is a [[Sindarin]] name, consisting of ''[[celeb]]'' ("silver") + a derivative of ''[[ornā]]'' ("tall"). ''Teleporno'', his original [[Telerin]] name, has an identical meaning. The name Teleporno was "Sindarized" as ''Celeborn'': [[Telerin]] ''[[telepi|telpe]]'' ("silver") (Quenya ''[[telpe|tyelpe]]'') was transformed to Sindarin ''celeb''.<ref>{{UT|6e}}</ref><br />
<br />
He was given the epithet "the Wise" by Galadriel in ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''.<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Celeborn in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|lines=2<br />
|File:Angus McBride - Celeborn.jpg|Celeborn in ''[[Middle-earth: The Wizards]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings (1978 film) - Celeborn.jpg|Celeborn in [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings (film series) - Celeborn 2.jpg|Celeborn in [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings - The Fellowship of the Ring (video game) - Celeborn.jpg|Celeborn in [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Celeborn.jpg|Celeborn in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''1978: ''[[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|The Lord of the Rings]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn only has a brief, role and speaks only one line. He appeared beside [[Galadriel]] for a brief shot.<br />
<br />
'''1981: ''[[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|The Lord of the Rings]]'''''<br />
:Celeborn was voiced by [[Simon Cadell]]. Unusually, virtually the whole dialogue Celeborn speaks in the book is utilised in the radio adaptation. <br />
<br />
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn is played by [[Marton Csokas]]. The role was extremely small in the theatrical version, but expanded slightly in the Extended Edition of ''The Fellowship of the Ring''. In that version, he participates in giving gifts to the Fellowship as they are leaving Lórien. Notably, he gives [[Aragorn]] a dagger and warns him of the dangers the Fellowship will face while sailing down the [[Anduin]]. <br />
<br />
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:Celeborn makes a brief appearance in Lothlorien.<br />
<br />
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn leaves for Valinor with Galadriel and the other Ringbearers, rather than remaining behind as in the book.<br />
<br />
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn only appears during the "Evil" campaign, when is he is slain by the Forces of Sauron.<br />
<br />
'''2007-: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:Celeborn can be found alongside Galadriel on a main talan in [[Caras Galadhon]]. He is involved in various storylines, including negotiations with the Dwarves of the Iron Hill Garrison and organization of a military assault against [[Dol Guldur]] in [[Mirkwood]].<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[:Category:Images of Celeborn|Images of Celeborn]]<br />
<br />
{{references|notes}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:Falmari]]<br />
[[Category:Sindar]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Second Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Fourth Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin names]]<br />
[[de:Celeborn (Elb)]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:elfes:teleri:sindar:celeborn]]<br />
[[fi:Celeborn]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Second_Age_750&diff=305011Second Age 7502019-06-04T01:55:16Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ardayearheader|735|739|740|750|751|771|799}}<br />
* [[Eregion]] founded by [[Celebrimbor]] and the [[Noldor]].<ref name="AppB1">{{App|B1}}, entry "750"</ref><br />
* [[Galadriel]] and [[Celeborn]] arrive at [[Eregion]].<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref><br />
* [[Oropher]] is taken as a lord of the [[Silvan Elves]] and founds the [[Woodland Realm]] in [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]].<ref>{{PM|Second}}, p. 174</ref><br />
* Construction of [[Ost-in-Edhil]] begins.<ref name="Galadriel"/><br />
* [[Tar-Aldarion|Aldarion]] founds the [[Guild of Venturers]].<ref name="Aldarion">{{UT|Aldarion}}</ref><br />
==In Other Versions of the Legendarium==<br />
In the ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'' it is stated that "''[[Celeborn]] and [[Galadriel]] therefore went eastwards, about the year 700 of the Second Age, and established the (primarily but by no means solely) [[Noldor]]in realm of Eregion.''"<ref name="Galadriel"/> This contradicts the information published in ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' which gives the founding of [[Eregion]] in the year 750.<ref name="AppB1"/> It is possible to reconcile the texts if 700 is seen as the year of their moving eastwards with 750 as the year of the foundation of Eregion; the canonicity of this, however, is unknown.<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Second Age years|0750]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Second_Age_700&diff=305010Second Age 7002019-06-04T01:53:42Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ardayearheader|603|630|670|700|711|712|725}}<br />
* Birth of [[Tar-Aldarion]], sixth [[King of Númenor|King]] of [[Númenor]] and eldest child and only son of [[Tar-Meneldur]].<ref name="Kings">{{UT|Kings}}, entry "VI ''Tar-Aldarion''"</ref><br />
* Birth of [[Írildë]], daughter of [[Cemendur (son of Axantur)|Cemendur]].<ref name="earlier">{{UT|earlier}}</ref><br />
*[[Galadriel]] and [[Celeborn]] leave to [[Eregion]] from [[Lake Nenuial]].<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref><br />
<br />
==In Other Versions of the Legendarium==<br />
In the ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'' it is stated that "''[[Celeborn]] and [[Galadriel]] therefore went eastwards, about the year 700 of the Second Age, and established the (primarily but by no means solely) [[Noldor]]in realm of Eregion.''"<ref name="Galadriel"/> This contradicts the information published in ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' which gives the founding of [[Eregion]] in the year 750.<ref name="AppB1">{{App|B1}}, entry "750"</ref> It is possible to reconcile the texts if 700 is seen as the year of their moving eastwards with 750 as the year of the foundation of Eregion; the canonicity of this, however, is unknown.<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Second Age years|0700]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Rhovanion&diff=304978Rhovanion2019-06-02T22:54:06Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{expansion}}<br />
{{location infobox<br />
| name=Rhovanion<br />
| image=[[File:Christopher Tolkien - Map of Wilderland.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Map of Wilderland" by [[Christopher Tolkien]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=Wilderland<br />
| location=North-east [[Middle-earth]]<br />
| type=Region<br />
| description=Large, inhabited region focussed around [[Mirkwood]]<br />
| regions=[[Lothlórien]], [[Iron Hills]], [[Mirkwood]], [[Vales of Anduin]]<br />
| towns=[[Caras Galadhon]], [[Dáin's Halls]], [[Dale]], [[Dol Guldur]], [[Elvenking's Halls]], [[Erebor]], [[Framsburg]], [[Lake-town]]<br />
| inhabitants=[[Durin's Folk]], [[Elves]], [[Hobbits]], [[Northmen]], [[Orcs]], [[Eagles]], [[Dragons]] <br />
| created=<br />
| destroyed=<br />
| events=[[Disaster of the Gladden Fields]]<br/>[[Great Plague|The Great Plague]]<br/>[[War of the Dwarves and Dragons]]<br/>[[Sack of Erebor]]<br/>[[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]<br/>[[Fell Winter (Third Age)|The Fell Winter]]<br/>[[Battle of Five Armies]]<br/>[[Fall of Dol Guldur]]<br/>[[Battle of Dale]]<br />
}}<br />
{{pronounce|Sindarin - Rhovanion.mp3|Gilgamesh}}<br />
'''Rhovanion''' or '''Wilderland''' was a large region of northern [[Middle-earth]]. The Great River [[Anduin]] flowed through it, and the immense forest of [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]] was a part of it.<br />
<br />
Properly speaking Rhovanion was the name of a small region east of Greenwood, which later was the Kingdom of Rhovanion, but the name was used for all of Wilderland by the late [[Third Age]].<br />
<br />
Many wild horses and wild kine roamed the plains of Rhovanion.<ref>{{webcite|author=Daniel Helen|articleurl=https://www.tolkiensociety.org/2015/11/tolkiens-annotated-map-of-middle-earth-transcribed/|articlename=Tolkien’s annotated map of Middle-earth transcribed|dated=10 November 2015|website=The Tolkien Society|accessed=5 August 2018}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Boundaries==<br />
<br />
*To the east: the [[River Running]] and the inland [[Sea of Rhûn]].<br />
*To the north: the [[Grey Mountains]] and [[Iron Hills]], home of the Dwarves.<br />
*To the west: the range of the [[Misty Mountains|Hithaeglir]], or Misty Mountains.<br />
*To the south: the line marked by the [[Limlight]] river, Anduin, [[Emyn Muil]], [[Dagorlad]], and the [[Ered Lithui]].<br />
<br />
Important rivers were the [[Anduin]] or Great River, the [[River Running|Celduin]] or Running, and the [[Carnen]] or Redwater.<br />
<br />
Major features were the forest of [[Mirkwood]], and the [[Long Lake]] of [[Lake-town|Esgaroth]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
=== First Age ===<br />
In the [[First Age]] the [[Elves]] passed through it during the [[Great Journey]], and much later the [[Atanatári]] (Fathers of [[Men]]) followed them. It is not otherwise mentioned until the [[Second Age]].<br />
<br />
=== Second Age ===<br />
Rhovanion played host to two [[Silvan Elves|Silvan]] Elf kingdoms ruled by [[Sindar]]in lords: Northern Greenwood and Lórinand (or [[Lothlórien|Lórien]]).<br />
<br />
The great battlefield (or [[Dagorlad]]) of the [[War of the Last Alliance]] against the host of [[Sauron]] lay in the south of Rhovanion, and in the [[Gladden Fields]] of the Great River the High King of Gondor and [[Arnor]], [[Isildur]], son of [[Elendil]], was killed.<br />
<br />
=== Third Age ===<br />
====Kingdom of Rhovanion====<br />
<br />
The Mannish Kingdom of Rhovanion came to prominence in the mid-13th century of the [[Third Age]], when [[Minalcar]] of [[Gondor]] served as Regent for his uncle, [[Atanatar II|King Atanatar II]] of Gondor. About this time [[Vidugavia]], "the most powerful of the northern princes"<ref name="AppGondor">{{App|Gondor}}</ref> called himself "[[King of Rhovanion]]", though the land he governed lay only between [[Mirkwood]] and the [[River Running]].<ref name="AppGondor"/> The Regent led a great expedition into Rhovanion in {{TA|1248}} and utterly defeated the [[Easterlings]], with substantial help from the [[Northmen]] and from Vidugavia in particular.Vidugavia became Gondor's strong ally, and in {{TA|1250}} the Regent sent his son [[Valacar]] as ambassador to Vidugavia. But Valacar, much taken with the culture of the North, "far exceeded his father's design"<ref name="AppGondor"/> by marrying Vidugavia's daughter [[Vidumavi]], and their son [[Vinitharya]] was raised among the Northmen. When Minalcar acceded to the throne of Gondor as Rómendacil II, Valacar became the heir to the throne. The mixed ancestry of Valacar's son (known as [[Eldacar]] in Gondor) became a matter of contention: many were not prepared to allow as king a man whose [[Númenórean]] blood was mingled with that of a "lesser" race, and many feared that he would prove to be short-lived (as his mother's people were, compared with the ruling line of Gondor). This led to the [[Kin-strife]] in Gondor, a bloody civil war that decimated the ruling families.<ref name="AppGondor"/><br />
<br />
In {{TA|1248}}, [[Rómendacil II]], who as Minalcar served as Regent to his uncle of [[Atanatar II]] of Gondor, destroyed all camps of the Easterlings even beyond the [[Sea of Rhûn]], and a strong alliance with Rhovanion was forged. The King of Rhovanion at this time was [[Vidugavia]] - ruling the lands between [[Mirkwood]] and the [[River Running]]<ref name="AppGondor"/> - and Prince [[Valacar]] of Gondor served in his army and integrated with their culture. Vidugavia's daughter [[Vidumavi]] married Valacar, and their son Vinitharya became King [[Eldacar (King of Gondor)|Eldacar]] in {{TA|1432|n}}, which led to the [[Kin-strife]] in {{TA|1437|n}}. Eldacar fled to Rhovanion, and with a Rhovanion army, he reclaimed his Kingdom in {{TA|1447|n}}.<br />
<br />
In {{TA|1636}}, the [[Great Plague]] devastated Rhovanion, killing more than half its people. This left Rhovanion weakened, and in {{TA|1851|n}} the [[Wainriders]] overran and enslaved Rhovanion. For 43 years Rhovanion was enslaved, but in {{TA|1899|n}} Rhovanion revolted, while Gondor attacked the Wainriders from the west. Rhovanion was freed but left extremely weakened. Many Men of Rhovanion left for Gondor, where they were welcomed as distant relatives.<br />
Tolkien makes little further reference to the "Kingdom of Rhovanion". It is clear from his discussion of the early history of the [[Éothéod]] in ''Unfinished Tales''<ref name="Cirion">{{UT|Cirion}}</ref> that the Northmen in this area were defeated by the [[Wainriders]]. The [[Battle of the Plains]] (in {{TA|1851}}) was fought by Gondor and the Northmen against the Wainriders; [[Narmacil II|King Narmacil II]] of Gondor and the Northman [[Marhari]] (a descendant of Vidugavia)<ref name="Cirion"/> were both killed in this battle. Tolkien does not, however, call Marhari "king"; however, there was a lasting kingship until their realm was destroyed by the Wainrider invasions.<ref group=note>The [[Lord of the Eotheod|Lords of the Eotheod]] claimed descent from the '...kings of Rhovanion, whose realm lay beyond Mirkwood before the invasions of the Wainriders...' according to Appendix II to ''The Lord of the Rings''. This implies that the kingdom lasted until the Wainrider invasions which occured around {{TA|1851}}. This is confused somewhat by a reference to [[Eärnur|Eärnur's]] arrival at [[Mithlond]] in {{TA|1975}}, when he was stated to have with him "proud princes of Rhovanion" (The Lord of the Rings, Appendix A, I (iv)). These could not have been direct descendants of [[Vidugavia]] (whose realm had ceased to exist more than century before) so perhaps some other line claimed the Kingship after [[Marhwini]] abandoned Rhovanion.</ref><br />
<br />
Refugees from this defeat were reorganized as the Éothéod on the other side of Mirkwood in the lower [[Vales of Anduin]], under the leadership of [[Marhwini]], son of Marhari.<ref name="Cirion"/> Many of the Northmen remained in their old lands as a subject people of the Wainriders. Others fled north, with some mingling with the [[Men of Dale|people of Dale]].<ref name="Cirion"/><br />
<br />
====Later History====<br />
In the later Third Age, it was a quite populated area: in the north lay the [[Dwarves|Dwarven]] kingdoms of [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]] and the Dwarf halls in the Ered Mithrin, the Mannish kingdom of [[Dale]], and in the north of the Great River [[Anduin]] lay the Mannish realm of the [[Éothéod]].<br />
<br />
In the north of Greenwood lived the Silvan Elves ruled by [[Thranduil]], and in the south of Greenwood and across the river in Lórinand ruled [[Amdír]] and later [[Amroth]]. In the far south, near the great falls of [[Sarn Gebir]], watched the northern guard of [[Gondor]], and in the valleys of the Anduin lived [[Stoors]] ([[Hobbits|Hobbit]]s).<br />
<br />
In around {{TA|2460}}, [[Sauron]] returned as the Necromancer he took residence at [[Dol Guldur]] in the south of Greenwood. And Greenwood became evil and was renamed Mirkwood. The Dwarves of Erebor and the Men of Dale were destroyed and scattered when the [[Dragons|Dragon]] [[Smaug]] took Erebor, and Gondor retreated from the Falls. Some Men still lived along the forest, notably the [[Beornings]] and the Men of [[Lake-town|Esgaroth]] upon the [[Long Lake]]. The Men of Éothéod removed south at the invite of Gondor and settled the plains of [[Calenardhon]], later [[Rohan]]. After being driven out of Erebor the Dwarves relocated, some went to the Iron Hills, but most went to the [[Ered Luin]] in [[Eriador]].<br />
<br />
At the end of the Third Age, the Kingdoms of Erebor and Dale were restored as a result of the death of Smaug and the [[Battle of Five Armies]], and Sauron was removed from Mirkwood by the wizard [[Gandalf]]. During the [[War of the Ring]], it held off an invasion by Sauron's forces, and after Sauron was defeated Mirkwood was clean again, and renamed ''Eryn Lasgalen'', or "Wood of Greenleaves". Some time during the [[Fourth Age]], the [[Reunited Kingdom]] claimed large parts of it.<ref name="AppGondor"/><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
<br />
''Rhovanion'' is [[Sindarin]]<ref>{{PE|17}}, p. 78</ref> for "wilderland" and contains ''[[rhovan]]'', with the place-name ending ''[[-ion]]''.<br />
<br />
''Wilderland'' was a [[Hobbitish|Hobbit]] name.<ref>{{HM|UI}}, p. 14</ref> [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] made ''Wilderland'' based on ''wilderness'' but with a side-reference to the verbs ''wilder'', "wander astray" and ''bewilder''.<ref>{{HM|N}}, p. 779</ref><br />
<br />
{{notes}}<br />
{{references}}<br />
{{companyroute}}<br />
[[Category:Mannish realms]]<br />
[[Category:Regions]]<br />
[[Category:Rhovanion| ]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]<br />
[[de:Rhovanion]]<br />
[[fi:Rhovanion]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/regions/rhovanion]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Doriath&diff=304977Doriath2019-06-02T21:54:18Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{cleanup}}<br />
{{kingdom<br />
| image=[[File:Alan Lee - Beleg Departs from Menegroth.jpg|250px]]<br />
| name=Doriath<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=Eglador, The Guarded Realm, The Hidden Kingdom<br />
| location=Central [[Beleriand]]<br />
| capital=[[Menegroth]]<br />
| towns=<br />
| regions=[[Neldoreth]], [[Region]], [[Nivrim]], [[Brethil]], [[Nan Elmoth]]<br />
| population=[[Sindar]]<br>Few [[Laiquendi]]<br />
| language=[[Sindarin]]<br />
| govern1=[[Thingol]]<br />
| govern2=Later [[Dior]]<br />
| govern3=<br />
| currency=<br />
| holiday=<br />
| precededby=<br />
| event1=Thingol awakes<br />
| event1date=c. {{YT|1152}}<br />
| event2=Building [[Menegroth]]<br />
| event2date={{YT|1300}}<br />
| event3=[[Girdle of Melian]] established<br />
| event3date={{YT|1497}}<br />
| event4=[[Dior]] becomes King<br />
| event4date={{FA|503}}<br />
| event5=Abandoned<br />
| event5date={{FA|506}}<br />
| followedby=<br />
}}<br />
{{Pronounce|Doriath.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
'''Doriath''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈdorjaθ]}}) was the land of the [[Sindar]]. It was called the Fenced Land, for its queen, [[Melian]], put a girdle of enchantment about it, so that none could enter without King [[Thingol]]'s permission.<br />
<br />
==Geography==<br />
Doriath was a realm of forests about the great river [[Sirion]], with in it the forests ''Neldoreth'' (also ''[[Taur-na-Neldor]]'', the northern [[Beeches|beech]] forest), ''[[Nivrim]]'' (also West-march, an oak forest), and ''[[Forest of Region|Region]]''. Additionally, the forests of ''[[Brethil]]'' and ''[[Nan Elmoth]]'' were held as part of Doriath, but these last two lay outside the Girdle of Melian. King Elu [[Thingol]] of Doriath, also High King of the Sindar, saw all of Beleriand as his realm, from the [[Gelion]] to [[Belegaer]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
The [[Vanyar]] and [[Noldor]] had passed by it on the [[Great Journey]], and had been ferried across on [[Tol Eressëa]] by the time the [[Teleri]] arrived. Then their lord [[Elwë]] was lost in Nan Elmoth, and when [[Ulmo]] returned for them a part remained behind. They became known as the Sindar or Grey Elves, and when Thingol returned he became their king, ruling from Doriath.<br />
<br />
Doriath was originally named '''''[[Doriath#Etymology|Eglador]]''''',<ref name=SSindar/> but in the last years before the rising of the [[Sun]], attacks by [[Orcs]] and other [[Morgoth|Melkor]]'s creatures began to increase in Beleriand, and Melian fenced the forests of Neldoreth, Region, and Nivrim. Thingol then called all the [[Sindar]] to Doriath, but many remained in the wild. <br />
<br />
On Melian's advice, Thingol became an ally of the [[Dwarves of Belegost]], who carved the caverns of [[Menegroth]] for him.<ref name="Sindar"/><br />
<br />
In {{YT|1497}}, after the [[First Battle of Beleriand]], many [[Green-elves|Laiquendi]] removed to Doriath.<ref name="Sindar">{{S|10}}</ref> After the First Battle of Beleriand, Doriath was encircled by the [[Girdle of Melian]], an impenetrable fence of enchantment that guarded the kingdom.<ref name="Sindar">{{S|Sindar}}</ref> While his own kingdom was protected, Thingol was still loath to surrender any other lands in Beleriand to the Noldor as he was suspicious of the aggressive new lords in Middle-earth.<ref name="Return">{{S|Return}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Eöl]] the Dark Elf leased Nan Elmoth from Thingol, having paid the sword [[Anglachel]] for it.<br />
<br />
While his own kingdom was protected, Thingol was still loath to surrender any other lands in Beleriand to the [[Noldor]] as he was suspicious of the aggressive new lords in Middle-earth.<ref name="Return">{{S|Return}}</ref> King Thingol's relations with the Noldor were strained, and grew worse decades later when he learned the truth of the [[Kinslaying at Alqualondë]]. Thingol banned the use of [[Quenya]] in his lands, which led to [[Sindarin]] being the common Elven tongue in Middle-earth. The King of Doriath refused to aid the Noldor in the war against Morgoth, and took little part in the ongoing struggle.<ref>{{S|Noldor}}</ref><br />
<br />
When later [[Men]] arrived in Beleriand, they were also refused entry, but at [[Finrod]]'s request the [[Haladin]] were allowed to live in [[Brethil]].<br />
<br />
[[Beren]], son of [[Barahir]] and lord of the [[House of Bëor|First House of Men]], passed through the Girdle as Melian had foretold, and arrived in Neldoreth. There Thingol's daughter Lúthien fell in love with him. After the Quest for the [[Silmarils|Silmaril]] the Wolf [[Carcharoth]] also breached the Girdle, but Thingol, Beren, and Thingol's captains [[Beleg]] and [[Mablung]] hunted and killed the beast.<br />
<br />
[[Túrin]] was sent to Doriath, and lived there until he came of age, when he fled from the land. Later his mother and sister, [[Morwen]] and [[Nienor]] lived there, until they were lost.<br />
<br />
In {{FA|502}}, some time after Túrin's tragic death, Húrin, Túrin's father and now an old man, was allowed to enter Menegroth with a band of outlaws, where in anger he threw the [[Nauglamír]], the treasure of [[Nargothrond]] before King Thingol and 'thanked' him for aiding his son. This infuriated the outlaws, who tried to take the gold back but were killed by Thingol's guards.<ref>{{LT2|IV}}</ref> Melian finally pierced through Húrin's madness and grief; shamed by his actions, he left Menegroth a broken man.<ref name="Doriath">{{S|Doriath}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[File:Henning Janssen - Nauglamir and the Doom of Thingol.jpg|thumb|left|[[Henning Janssen]] - ''Nauglamir and the Doom of Thingol'']]<br />
<br />
At that time a desire came into Thingol's heart to take the Nauglamír and place the Silmaril in it, thus melding together two of the greatest creations made by the Elves and the [[Dwarves]]. He hired some [[Dwarves of Nogrod|Dwarven craftsmen]] to do it for him. But by the time the Dwarves were finished they had become obsessed with the Nauglamír and asked for it as a payment for their labor. This infuriated Thingol, who had also grown obsessed with the jewelry and refused to give it as a payment, realizing they were coveting the Silmaril. The Dwarves were angered by his harsh words, and killed him. This led to the [[Battle of the Thousand Caves|sacking of Menegroth]] in {{FA|503}} and the eventual [[Second Kinslaying|destruction of Doriath]], which scattered its people.<ref name="Doriath"/><br />
<br />
In {{FA|503}}, Doriath was briefly restored under Beren and Lúthien's son [[Dior|Dior Eluchíl]].<ref name="Doriath"/> Learning that the [[Silmaril]] is in Doriath, the [[Sons of Fëanor]] send message to [[Dior]] requesting the return of the Silmaril. Dior does not answer.<ref name="Doriath"/><ref>{{WJ|Years}}, p. 351</ref>. However, in {{FA|506}}, King Dior was attacked and killed by the [[Sons of Fëanor]], along with their followers. They assaulted Doriath with a surprise attack, in the middle of winter, and fought with Dior in the [[Menegroth|Thousand Caves]]. This was the second slaying of Elf by Elf. In that battle, Dior slew [[Celegorm]]. [[Curufin]] and [[Caranthir]] also fell. Dior was also slain along with his wife Nimloth. Eluréd and Elurín were seized, taken into the forest, and left to starve by the cruel servants of Celegorm.<ref name="Doriath"/> Maedhros repented of this act of vengeance and cruelty against the children, and he long sought for them in the woods, but "his search was unavailing," and the fate of Dior's sons is not known.<ref name="Doriath"/> By {{FA|507}}, Doriath was utterly destroyed following the [[Second Kinslaying]].<ref name="Doriath"/><br />
==Etymology==<br />
<br />
''Doriath'' is a [[Sindarin]] name meaning "Land of the Fence"<ref name=silmindex>{{S|Index}}</ref><ref name=WJ/> or "Land of the [[Girdle of Melian|Girdle]]"<ref name=SSindar>{{S|Sindar}}</ref>. The name consists of the elements ''[[dôr]]'' + ''[[iâth]]''.<ref name=WJ>{{WJ|Quendi}}, pp. 370, 378</ref><br />
<br />
The earlier name of Doriath, ''Eglador'', probably means either "Land of the Forsaken"<ref name=silmindex/> or "Land of the [[Elves]]"{{fact}} in [[Sindarin]].<br />
<br />
==Other versions of the legendarium==<br />
<br />
'''Artanor''' ("The Land Beyond") was in early versions of the [[legendarium]] the name for what was later called Doriath.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]]; [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed), ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]''</ref><br />
{{references}}<br />
{{kinslayings}}<br />
[[Category:Beleriand]]<br />
[[Category:Doriath| ]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]<br />
<br />
[[de:Doriath]]<br />
[[fi:Doriath]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo:geographie:royaumes:doriath]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Dior&diff=304972Dior2019-06-02T21:34:37Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{disambig-two|the son of [[Beren]] and [[Lúthien]]|the [[Stewards of Gondor|Steward of Gondor]]|[[Dior (Steward of Gondor)]]}}<br />
{{half-elf infobox<br />
| name=Dior<br />
| image=[[File:Edward Johnson - Dior Eluchíl.png|250px]]<br />
| caption="Dior Eluchíl" by [[:Category:Images by Edward Johnson|Edward Johnson]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=<br />
| titles=Aranel, Eluchíl, [[King of Doriath]], the Fair, Thingol's Heir<br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Ossiriand]], [[Doriath]]<br />
| affiliation=<br />
| language=[[Sindarin]] ([[Doriathrin]])<br />
| birth={{FA|470}}<br />
| birthlocation=[[Tol Galen]]<br />
| rule={{FA|503}} - {{FA|506|n}}<br />
| death={{FA|506}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Menegroth]], during [[Second Kinslaying]]<br />
| age=36<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=[[House of Bëor]]<br />
| heritage=[[Men|Man]] father, half-[[Elves|Elf]]/half-[[Maia]] mother<br />
| parentage=[[Beren]] and [[Lúthien]]<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=[[Nimloth of Doriath|Nimloth]]<br />
| children=[[Elwing]], [[Eluréd]], [[Elurín]]<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=<br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=[[Aranrúth]]<ref name="NumenorUT">{{UT|3}}, note 2</ref><br />
| steed=<br />
}}'''Dior''' was the son of [[Beren]] and [[Lúthien]], and the heir to the throne of [[Thingol|Elu Thingol]], [[King of Doriath]]. Dior was one of the [[Half-elven]]. <br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Dior was born on the island of [[Tol Galen]] in [[East Beleriand]].<ref>{{S|Fifth}}</ref> When he was 27, he married [[Nimloth of Doriath]],<ref group=note>[[Nimloth of Doriath|Nimloth's]] parentage is uncertain. She may have been the daughter of [[Galathil]] and a descendant of [[Elmo]], the younger brother of [[Thingol|Elu Thingol]].</ref> and took her back to live by the [[Lanthir Lamath]] waterfall at the base of the [[Blue Mountains]]. There they had three children: [[Elwing]], [[Eluréd]], and [[Elurín]]. <br />
<br />
After Thingol was slain by the [[Dwarves]] who coveted the [[Nauglamír]], Dior with his father and a host of [[Green-elves]] of [[Ossiriand]] journeyed swiftly north to the river [[Ascar]] and fought the [[Dwarves of Nogrod]] in the [[Battle of Sarn Athrad]].<ref>{{S|Doriath}}</ref><br />
<br />
In {{FA|503}}, he and his family went to [[Menegroth]] and restored the realm of [[Doriath]].<ref name="Doriath">{{S|Doriath}}</ref> After the death of his parents, a Lord of the [[Laiquendi]] came to Doriath bringing the Nauglamir, which was worn by his mother. After mourning, he decided to wear it himself. When he placed the Nauglamir on himself, it sat lightly and he appeared as the fairest of three living races: Maiar, Elven, and Human. This news came to the [[Sons of Feanor]], who came to Doriath with their servants, consumed by the [[Oath of Feanor]].<br />
<br />
Dior managed to kill [[Celegorm]] (who, ironically, was also called ''the Fair''), and [[Caranthir]] and [[Curufin]] were also slain, but the Kingdom of Doriath was destroyed. So Dior and Nimloth were slain, during the [[Second Kinslaying]], along with anyone preventing the Feanorians from gaining the [[Silmaril]]. <br />
<br />
After the attack, the servants of Celegorm left Eluréd and Elurín in the forest to die. Elwing, however, carrying the Nauglamir, escaped with the remnant of the [[Iathrim|Elves of Doriath]] to the [[Havens of Sirion]].<ref>{{S|Doriath}}</ref> Years later she would wed [[Eärendil]] and together they would seek aid from [[Valinor]].<ref>{{S|Earendil}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Genealogy ==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree | | THI |y| MEL | | HOB | | | |THI=[[Thingol|Elu Thingol]]|MEL=[[Melian]]|HOB=[[House of Bëor]]}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | |!| | | | | |:| | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | LUT |~|y|~| BER | | | |LUT=[[Lúthien]]|BER=[[Beren]]}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | DIO |y| NIM | | |DIO='''DIOR'''|NIM=[[Nimloth of Doriath|Nimloth]]<sup>1</sup>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| |}}<br />
{{familytree | EAR |y| ELW | | ELD | | ELN |EAR=[[Eärendil]]|ELW=[[Elwing]]|ELD=[[Eluréd]]|ELN=[[Elurín]]}}<br />
{{familytree | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree | ELD | | ELS | | | | | | | | |ELD=[[Elrond]]|ELS=[[Elros]]}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
==Etymology==<br />
In the [[The Etymologies|''Etymologies'']], the name ''Dior'' is said to mean "successor" in [[Doriathrin]]. The name derives from [[Primitive Quendian]] ''ndeuro'' ("follower, successor"), from [[Sundocarme|root]] [[NDEW]].<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, p. 375</ref><br />
<br />
==Other names and titles==<br />
<br />
Dior was also called '''''Eluchíl''''', ("Heir of Elu"),<ref name="Index">{{S|Index}}</ref> '''''Aranel''''' ("Noble Elf" or "King of Elves"),<ref name="Index"/><ref>{{S|Fifth}}</ref> and '''the Fair'''.<br />
<br />
==Other versions of the Legendarium==<br />
<br />
In ''[[The Book of Lost Tales (disambiguation)|The Book of Lost Tales]]'', a name of Dior was '''''[[Ausir (disambiguation)|Ausir]]''''' ([[Gnomish|Gn.]] "The Wealthy").<ref>{{HM|LT2}}, p. 240, 244, 251</ref><ref>{{PE|11}}, p. 20</ref><br />
<br />
{{references|note}}<br />
<br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
| race=halfelf<br />
| house=[[House of Bëor]]<br />
| born={{FA|470}}<br />
| died={{FA|506}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
| prev=[[Thingol]]<br />
| pvac=<br />
| list=2nd [[King of Doriath]]<br />
| dates={{FA|503}} – {{FA|506|n}}<br />
| next=[[Doriath]] destroyed<br />
| nvac=None<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:Half-elven]]<br />
[[Category:House of Thingol]]<br />
[[Category:Sindar]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
<br />
[[de:Dior Aranel]]<br />
[[fi:Dior Eluchíl]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:elfes:semi-elfes:dior]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Adrahil_(Captain_of_the_Left_Wing)&diff=304971Adrahil (Captain of the Left Wing)2019-06-02T18:19:12Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{rewrite}}<!--Stolen from EOA--><br />
{{disambig-two|the Prince of [[Dor-en-Ernil]]|father of [[Imrahil]]|[[Adrahil II]]}}<br />
{{gondorian infobox<br />
| name=Adrahil<br />
| image=<br />
| caption=<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=Adrahil of [[Dol Amroth]]<br />
| titles=[[Prince of Dol Amroth|Prince of Belfalas]]<ref name="Cirion">{{UT|Cirion}}</ref><br />
| position=Captain of the Left Wing<ref name="Cirion"/><br />
| location=[[Belfalas]]<br />
| affiliation=<br />
| language=[[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Before {{TA|1944}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=c. {{TA|1944}}<br />
| death=<br />
| deathlocation=<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=Descended from the [[House of Elros]]<ref name="Cirion"/><br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=Ancestor of [[Imrazôr]]<ref group="note"> His family associations and his dates both imply that he was [[Imrazôr]]'s father, but Tolkien never explicitly makes the connection. The dating is consistent with Adrahil being the father of Imrazôr, and hence [[Galador]]'s grandfather, but the evidence on this point is slim.</ref><ref name="Cirion"/><br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=<br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}'''Adrahil''' was a [[Gondorian]] [[Prince of Dol Amroth|Prince of Belfalas]]<ref name="Cirion"/> who lived around {{TA|1944}} in the land of [[Belfalas]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
He descended from the noble [[Númenóreans|Númenórean]] [[House of Elros|house]] that settled in [[Belfalas]] in the [[Second Age]].<ref name="CirionNote"/> This family of [[Númenóreans]] were akin to the [[Lords of Andúnië]], and thus related to [[Elendil]].<ref name="Cirion"/> Because of this, he was an ancestor of [[Imrazôr]], [[Galador]], and the [[Princes of Dol Amroth]].<ref name="Cirion"/><br />
<br />
When King [[Ondoher]] led his army to face the [[Wainriders]] who threatened [[Gondor]], Adrahil commanded the army's left wing. The soldiers of the right wing were under the command of the King's nephew [[Minohtar]], while the centre was commanded by the king himself and his heir [[Artamir]]. <br />
<br />
Ondoher's enterprise came to a devastating end: he was surprised by the [[Wainriders]], and his forces were overwhelmed. Adrahil's soldiers, however, were shielded from the attack and survived it. Ondoher and Artamir had both been killed, and Minohtar took charge, sending Adrahil along with both his own command of the Left Wing and those at the rear of the Right Wing who had not yet been engaged.<br />
<br />
Adrahil withdrew south into [[Ithilien]] to form a defensive line from [[Cair Andros]] to the [[Ephel Dúath]]. With these forces he was to cover the approaches of [[Minas Tirith]] and allow Minohtar to form a rearguard and attempt to stem the advance of the Wainriders. Adrahil should at once message [[Eärnil II|Eärnil]], and inform him of the disaster of the Morannon and of the position of the retreating Northern Army.<br />
<br />
Adrahil's fate is uncertain; the [[Wainriders]] eventually broke through [[Minohtar]]'s more northerly defence, but whether they penetrated to Adrahil's position is unknown. If he survived the initial assault, it seems likely that Adrahil would have joined with [[Eärnil II|Eärnil]] in his counter-attack, seeing the ultimate defeat of the Wainriders at the [[Battle of the Camp]].<ref name="Cirion"/> <br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |ADR| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |ADR='''ADRAHIL I'''<br/><small>''c. 1944''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |IMR|y|MIT|IMR=[[Imrazôr|Imrazȏr]]<br/><small>''1950-2076''</small>|MIT=''[[Mithrellas]]''}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |GAL| |GIL| | | | | | | | | |GAL= [[Galador]]<br/><small>''2004-2129''</small>|GIL=''[[Gilmith]]''}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |SEC| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |SEC=''[[Princes of Dol Amroth]]''}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
== Other versions of the legendarium ==<br />
In the chapter "[[Cirion and Eorl and the Friendship of Gondor and Rohan|Cirion and Eorl]]" of ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'', Adrahil is referred to as ''"Adrahil of Dol Amroth"''. However, since [[Dol Amroth]] would not be named as such until after the drowning of [[Amroth]] in {{TA|1981}} this must be an anachronistic error on the part of the chronicler.<ref name="CirionNote">{{UT|Cirion}}, Note 39.</ref><br />
<br />
{{notes}}<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Dúnedain]]<br />
[[Category:Gondorians]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
<br />
[[de:Adrahil]]<br />
[[fi:Adrahil (sotapäällikkö)]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Imraz%C3%B4r&diff=304970Imrazôr2019-06-02T18:16:53Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>__NOTOC__<br />
{{gondorian infobox<br />
| name=Imrazôr<br />
| image=<br />
| caption=<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=<br />
| titles=[[Prince of Dol Amroth|Prince of Belfalas]]<ref name="Cirion">{{UT|Cirion}}</ref><br>[[The Númenórean]]<br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Belfalas]]<br />
| affiliation=<br />
| language=<br />
| birth={{TA|1950}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=Until {{TA|2076}}<br />
| death={{TA|2076}}<br />
| deathlocation=<br />
| age=126<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=Descended from the [[House of Elros]]<ref name="Cirion"/><br />
| parentage=Descendant of [[Adrahil I]]<ref group="note"> [[Adrahil I|Adrahil]]'s family associations and his dates both imply that he was [[Imrazôr]]'s father, but Tolkien never explicitly makes the connection. The dating is consistent with Adrahil being the father of Imrazôr, and hence [[Galador]]'s grandfather, but the evidence on this point is slim.</ref><ref name="Cirion"/><br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=[[Mithrellas]]<br />
| children=[[Galador]] and [[Gilmith]] <br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=<br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
'''Imrazôr''' was a [[Gondorians|Gondorian]] [[Prince]] of [[Belfalas]] at the end of the second millennium of the [[Third Age]]. He was said to have wedded an [[Elves|Elf-maid]] named [[Mithrellas]], a wandering companion of [[Nimrodel]]. His son [[Galador]] was the first [[Prince of Dol Amroth]].<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}, ''Amroth and Nimrodel''</ref><br />
==Etymology==<br />
The meaning of the name is not known, however it includes [[Adûnaic]] ''zôr'' which means "flame" or "foam".<br />
<br />
The first element ''imra'' (perhaps from *''imar'') is not translated but it also appears in the name [[Imrahil]] and perhaps [[Imâr]].<br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |ADR| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |ADR=[[Adrahil I]]<br/><small>''c. 1944''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |IMR|y|MIT|IMR='''IMRAZȎR'''<br/><small>''1950-2076''</small>|MIT=''[[Mithrellas]]''}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |GAL| |GIL| | | | | | | | | |GAL= [[Galador]]<br/><small>''2004-2129''</small>|GIL=''[[Gilmith]]''}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |SEC| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |SEC=''[[Princes of Dol Amroth]]''}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==Other Versions of the Legendarium==<br />
In an early manuscript Imrazôr and not his son was numbered as the first Prince of Dol Amroth.<ref>{{PM|Elendil}}, ''The Line of Dol Amroth'', p. 221-222</ref><br />
<br />
{{notes}}<br />
{{references}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Imrazor}}<br />
[[Category:Dúnedain]]<br />
[[Category:Adûnaic words]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Adrahil_(Captain_of_the_Left_Wing)&diff=304969Adrahil (Captain of the Left Wing)2019-06-02T18:16:44Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{rewrite}}<!--Stolen from EOA--><br />
{{disambig-two|the Prince of [[Dor-en-Ernil]]|father of [[Imrahil]]|[[Adrahil II]]}}<br />
{{gondorian infobox<br />
| name=Adrahil<br />
| image=<br />
| caption=<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=Adrahil of [[Dol Amroth]]<br />
| titles=[[Prince of Dol Amroth|Prince of Belfalas]]<ref name="Cirion">{{UT|Cirion}}</ref><br />
| position=Captain of the Left Wing<ref name="Cirion"/><br />
| location=[[Belfalas]]<br />
| affiliation=<br />
| language=[[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Before {{TA|1944}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=c. {{TA|1944}}<br />
| death=<br />
| deathlocation=<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=Descended from the [[House of Elros]]<ref name="Cirion"/><br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=Ancestor of [[Imrazôr]]<ref group="note"> His family associations and his dates both imply that he was [[Imrazôr]]'s father, but Tolkien never explicitly makes the connection. The dating is consistent with Adrahil being the father of Imrazôr, and hence [[Galador]]'s grandfather, but the evidence on this point is slim.</ref><ref name="Cirion"/><br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=<br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}'''Adrahil''' was a [[Gondorian]] [[Prince of Dol Amroth|Prince of Belfalas]]<ref name="Cirion"/> who lived around {{TA|1944}} in the land of [[Belfalas]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
He descended from the noble [[Númenóreans|Númenórean]] [[House of Eorl|house]] that settled in [[Belfalas]] in the [[Second Age]].<ref name="CirionNote"/> Because of this, he was an ancestor of [[Imrazôr]], [[Galador]], and the [[Princes of Dol Amroth]].<ref name="Cirion"/><br />
<br />
When King [[Ondoher]] led his army to face the [[Wainriders]] who threatened [[Gondor]], Adrahil commanded the army's left wing. The soldiers of the right wing were under the command of the King's nephew [[Minohtar]], while the centre was commanded by the king himself and his heir [[Artamir]]. <br />
<br />
Ondoher's enterprise came to a devastating end: he was surprised by the [[Wainriders]], and his forces were overwhelmed. Adrahil's soldiers, however, were shielded from the attack and survived it. Ondoher and Artamir had both been killed, and Minohtar took charge, sending Adrahil along with both his own command of the Left Wing and those at the rear of the Right Wing who had not yet been engaged.<br />
<br />
Adrahil withdrew south into [[Ithilien]] to form a defensive line from [[Cair Andros]] to the [[Ephel Dúath]]. With these forces he was to cover the approaches of [[Minas Tirith]] and allow Minohtar to form a rearguard and attempt to stem the advance of the Wainriders. Adrahil should at once message [[Eärnil II|Eärnil]], and inform him of the disaster of the Morannon and of the position of the retreating Northern Army.<br />
<br />
Adrahil's fate is uncertain; the [[Wainriders]] eventually broke through [[Minohtar]]'s more northerly defence, but whether they penetrated to Adrahil's position is unknown. If he survived the initial assault, it seems likely that Adrahil would have joined with [[Eärnil II|Eärnil]] in his counter-attack, seeing the ultimate defeat of the Wainriders at the [[Battle of the Camp]].<ref name="Cirion"/> <br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |ADR| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |ADR='''ADRAHIL I'''<br/><small>''c. 1944''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |IMR|y|MIT|IMR=[[Imrazôr|Imrazȏr]]<br/><small>''1950-2076''</small>|MIT=''[[Mithrellas]]''}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |GAL| |GIL| | | | | | | | | |GAL= [[Galador]]<br/><small>''2004-2129''</small>|GIL=''[[Gilmith]]''}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |SEC| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |SEC=''[[Princes of Dol Amroth]]''}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
== Other versions of the legendarium ==<br />
In the chapter "[[Cirion and Eorl and the Friendship of Gondor and Rohan|Cirion and Eorl]]" of ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'', Adrahil is referred to as ''"Adrahil of Dol Amroth"''. However, since [[Dol Amroth]] would not be named as such until after the drowning of [[Amroth]] in {{TA|1981}} this must be an anachronistic error on the part of the chronicler.<ref name="CirionNote">{{UT|Cirion}}, Note 39.</ref><br />
<br />
{{notes}}<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Dúnedain]]<br />
[[Category:Gondorians]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
<br />
[[de:Adrahil]]<br />
[[fi:Adrahil (sotapäällikkö)]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Black_N%C3%BAmen%C3%B3reans&diff=304968Black Númenóreans2019-06-02T15:47:00Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{people infobox<br />
| name=Black Númenóreans<br />
| image=[[File:Brian Durfee - Black Númenóreans.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="[[:File:Brian Durfee - Black Númenóreans.jpg|Black Númenóreans]]" by Brian Durfee<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=Sauronians<ref>{{L|156}}</ref><br />
| origin=[[Númenóreans]] seduced and corrupted by [[Sauron]]<br />
| location=The southern lands of [[Middle-earth]], and especially [[Umbar]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Sauron]]<br />
| rivalry=[[Gondorians]]<br />
| language=[[Adûnaic]], [[Westron]]<br />
| members=[[Herumor]], [[Fuinur]], [[Berúthiel]], [[The Mouth of Sauron]]<br />
| lifespan=Thrice the life of [[Middle Men|lesser men]] but later diminished<ref>{{App|Eriador}}</ref><br />
| distinctions=Superior to the other men of Middle-earth in nobility of spirit and body<br />
| height=Taller than other [[Men]]<br />
| hair=Dark<br />
| skin=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
}}<br />
The '''Black Númenóreans''' were [[Númenóreans|High Men]] from [[Númenor]]. They were under the [[Shadow]] like the [[King's Men]], cruel oppressors and overlords over the more primitive [[Middle Men]] of [[Middle-earth]]. As they were colonising the continent, they survived the [[Downfall of Númenor]].<br />
==History==<br />
The Númenóreans' power and knowledge had grown throughout the course of the [[Second Age]], and became increasingly preoccupied with the limits placed on their happiness—and eventually their power—by mortality, the purpose of which they began to question. They started fearing the [[Gift of Men]] and attempted to delay it or recall life.<br />
<br />
This growing wish to escape death, made most of the Númenoreans envious of the immortal [[Eldar]], who they had come to physically resemble. The Eldar sought ever to remind the men of Númenor however, that death was a gift of the One God, [[Ilúvatar]], to all men, and the will of Ilúvatar could not be gainsaid.<br />
<br />
Three of the [[Nazgûl|Ringwraiths]] can be considered among the first and most powerful Númenóreans who were corrupted by Sauron,<ref>{{S|Akallabeth}}</ref><ref>{{L|156}}</ref> 1000 years before the Downfall: they served Sauron, being enslaved to his will, having become so because of their lust for power or knowledge. <br />
<br />
Nevertheless, after {{SA|2221}}, when [[Tar-Ancalimon]] became [[King of Númenor]], the Númenóreans became divided. The [[King's Men]] who turned away from the [[Valar]] and the Eldar, and eventually became vulnerable to the corruption of [[Sauron]], who dominated the minds and wills of most of the Númenóreans with the [[One Ring]].<ref>{{L|211}}</ref> The powerful and elderly King [[Ar-Pharazôn]], had become frightened of old age,<ref>{{L|156}}</ref> and was persuaded by Sauron that Ilúvatar was a lie invented by the Valar, and seduced. <br />
<br />
Some indigenous people of Middle-earth were afraid of those Númenóreans, whom they called "[[Go-hilleg]]" in their language. The "Go-hilleg" terrified those people with their ships and intended at some point to conquer the land of [[Agar]] and slay its people.<ref>{{PM|Elmar}}</ref><br />
<br />
Even the colonists who had settled on the shores and seaward regions of the [[Westlands]], turned to evil, the [[Darkness]] and the black arts. These evil lords made their fortresses and dwellings in the [[South]], because of the power of [[Gil-galad]].<ref name=rings>{{S|Rings}}</ref><ref name=window>{{TT|Window}}</ref><br />
<br />
===After the Downfall===<br />
For many centuries after the Downfall, these descendants of the King's Men held onto the haven of [[Umbar]], the most northerly and famous of their realms.<br />
<br />
When the surviving [[Faithful]] Numenoreans founded [[Gondor]] and [[Arnor]], they saw their southern counterparts as renegades, calling them the Black Númenóreans.<ref>{{RK|Gate}}</ref> The Black Númenóreans held a similar hatred of Gondor after generations.<ref>{{App|Gondor}}</ref><br />
<br />
Two early Black Númenórean lords from the late [[Second Age]] were [[Herumor]] and [[Fuinur]] who desired power over men of other, lesser races, and they "rose to (great) power amongst the [[Haradrim]]", the peoples neighbouring Umbar. They likely shared Sauron's defeat at the hands of the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]]. <br />
<br />
The triumph of the [[Last Alliance]] marked the decline of the Black Númenórean race and the end of their racial superiority. They dwindled swiftly or became merged with the Middle Men.<ref>{{App|A}}, note 1</ref><br />
<br />
[[Berúthiel|Queen Berúthiel]], wife of Gondor's King [[Tarannon Falastur]] was "a black Númenórean".<ref name=Interview>{{webcite|author=[[Daphne Castell]]|articleurl=http://www.festivalintheshire.com/journal1bdx/inttolkien.html|articlename=The Realms of Tolkien|dated=|website=[http://www.festivalintheshire.com/journal1bdx/index.html ''Festival in the Shire Journal'', Issue 1]|accessed=7 May 2012}}</ref><ref>[[Humphrey Carpenter]], ''[[The Inklings (book)|The Inklings]]'', "Thursday evenings", pp. 137-8</ref> This was a loveless union, and was presumably a political accommodation: that such arrangements were possible implies the existence at that time of more Gondor-friendly Black Númenóreans than the much later Mouth of Sauron. <br />
<br />
A Black Númenórean elite survived at least in Umbar for over a thousand years after Númenor's fall, maintaining much influence in [[Haradwaith]]. As late as {{TA|1015}}, for example, even after being exiled from their homeland for nearly a century, the lords that had been driven from Umbar led the [[Haradrim]] to retake Umbar.<ref>{{App|A}}</ref><br />
<br />
Not much is known about the Black Númenóreans after their defeat by [[Ciryaher]] in {{TA|1050}}. A "Renegade" and a [[Men|man]] of great stature, the [[Mouth of Sauron]] was potentially the equal of the [[Dúnedain]], but had fallen into darkness. It is stated that "he entered the service of the [[Barad-dûr|Dark Tower]] when it first rose again".<ref name="Gate">{{RK|V10}}</ref><ref group=note>It has been noted that this reference is difficult to interpret; according to [[Appendix B]] the Dark Tower arose first some time after {{SA|3320}} and again in {{TA|2951}}. If the Mouth lived in the Second Age, he would be one of the [[King's Men]] of [[Númenor]], and probably prolonged his life with sorcery (cf. {{HM|Guide}}, p. 274); in the second interpretation he would serve Sauron only for 68 years, and this would make him a Black Númenórean of [[Umbar]] or [[Harad]]. The second interpretation is more feasible (and supported by [[Michael Martinez]]) but both have been considered.</ref> He mocked the army of [[Aragorn|King Elessar]] in front of the [[Morannon]].<ref name="Gate"/><br />
<br />
==Culture==<br />
The Black Númenórean style of governing was no doubt tyrannical, and may also have involved a tradition of duumviracy, at least in Umbar. After Herumor and Fuinur there were also [[Angamaite]] and [[Sangahyando]]. Some lords were idle and lazy, they used to fight amongst themselves, until they became conquered by the wild men.<ref name=window/><br />
<br />
The Black Númenóreans did not use [[Westron]], but probably retained their old tongue [[Adûnaic]], speaking a dialect of it. (In [[The Notion Club Papers]], part of ''[[Sauron Defeated]]'', Arundel Lowdham cited two descendants of classical Adûnaic. One of these must have been Westron, the other the tongue of the Black Númenóreans).<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
[[File:Black Númenórean.jpg|thumb|A typical Black Númenórean within the city of [[Annuminas]] (''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'').]]<br />
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:The Black Númenóreans are portrayed in service of the different Lieutenants of the Enemy. The ''Angmarim'' inhabit the lands surrounding [[Carn Dum]] in [[Angmar]] and serve [[Mordirith]] and later [[Amarthiel]]. Much later, Umbarrim Númenóreans make appearance in [[Dol Guldur]] of [[Mirkwood]].<br />
<br />
'''2011: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'':'''<br />
:[[Agandaûr]], the game's main antagonist, is a Black Númenórean<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.warinthenorth.com/index.php/the-game/enemies|articlename=Enemies|dated=|website=www.warinthenorth.com|accessed=15 February 2012}}</ref> as is the minor character [[Wulfrun]], lieutenant of [[Carn Dûm]].<br />
<br />
{{notes}}<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Black Númenóreans| ]]<br />
[[de:Schwarze Númenorer]]<br />
[[fi:Mustat númenorilaiset]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Men_of_Westernesse&diff=304967Men of Westernesse2019-06-02T15:04:07Z<p>Christolk: Redirected page to Dúnedain</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT[[Dúnedain]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=D%C3%BAnedain&diff=304966Dúnedain2019-06-02T15:03:29Z<p>Christolk: </p>
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<div>{{people infobox<br />
| name=Dúnedain<br />
| image=<br />
| caption=<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=Great People of the West, Men of the Ancient Houses, [[Men of the West]], [[Men of Westernesse]]<br />
| origin=Descendants of the [[Númenóreans]] in [[Middle-earth]]<br />
| location=[[Eriador]], [[Arnor]], [[Gondor]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]], [[Host of the West (Arnor)|Host of the West]]<br />
| rivalry=[[Sauron]]<br />
| language=[[Quenya]], [[Westron]], [[Sindarin]], [[Gondor Sindarin]] <br />
| members=[[Amandil]], [[Tar-Palantir]], [[Argeleb I]], [[Aragorn II]]<br />
| lifespan=Thrice the life of [[Middle Men|lesser men]] but later diminished (not so much in [[Arnor]] however)<ref>{{App|Eriador}}</ref><br />
| distinctions=Superior to the other men of Middle-earth in nobility of spirit and body<br />
| height=Taller than other [[Men]]<br />
| hair=Dark<br />
| skin=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
}}<br />
<br />
The '''Dúnedain''' ([[Sindarin|S]]: "west-men", pron. {{IPA|[ˈduːnedaɪn]}}), singular '''Dúnadan''' (pron. {{IPA|[ˈduːnadan]}}), were the [[Men]] of [[Númenor]] and their descendants who peopled [[Middle-earth]] in the [[Second Age|Second]] and [[Third Age|Third Ages]]. <br />
<br />
Some [[Númenóreans]] had settled around the haven of [[Pelargir]], but others, who belonged to the [[Faithful]], fled Númenor just before its [[Downfall of Númenor|destruction]], led by [[Elendil]] and his sons. However there were also other colonies in Middle-earth founded by hostile survivors of the Downfall, known as the [[Black Númenóreans]].<br />
<br />
The Dúnedain formed the [[Realms in Exile]] of [[Arnor]] and [[Gondor]], around the [[Middle Men]] who were ruled by Númenórean lords. Originally ruled by the [[High King of the Dúnedain]], they were divided as the [[Dúnedain of Arnor]] and the [[Dúnedain of the South|Dúnedain of Gondor]]. Their lords and rulers communicated and surveyed their realms with the seven [[Palantíri]] they brought from Númenor, distributed around their lands.<br />
<br />
After the fall of Arnor and then [[Arthedain]], some of the northern Dúnedain became the [[Rangers of the North]]. The surviving Dúnedainic population of Arnor retreated to the [[Angle (Eriador)|Angle]] south of [[Rivendell]]. In the meantime the southern Dúnedain, the Men of Gondor, intermarried more and more with so-called [[Middle Men]], except in some regions (such as [[Dol Amroth]]).<br />
<br />
In the [[Fourth Age]], the Dúnedain of Gondor and Arnor were [[Reunited Kingdom|reunited]] under king [[Aragorn|Aragorn II Elessar]] (who was also called ''the Dúnadan'').<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Dunedain.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
{{quote|I thought you knew enough [[Elvish]] at least to know ''[[dûn|dún]]-[[adan]]'': Man of the West, Númenórean.|[[Bilbo Baggins]]<ref>{{FR|Meetings}}</ref>}}<br />
<br />
They are also called the ''Men of the West'' and the ''Men of Westernesse'' (direct translations of the [[Sindarin]] term) and comes from ''[[dûn]]'' and ''[[adan]]''.<br />
<br />
The [[Quenya]] name was '''Núnatan''' (pron. {{IPA|[ˈnuːnatan]}}), pl. '''Núnatani''' (pron. {{IPA|[nuːˈnatani]}}).<br />
<br />
The [[Westron]] name for ''Dúnadan'' was simply '''[[Adûn]]''', "westerner", but this name was seldom used.<br />
{{references}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dunedain}}<br />
[[Category:Dúnedain| ]]<br />
[[Category:Pronounced articles]]<br />
[[de:Dúnedain]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo:peuples:hommes:dunedain]]<br />
[[fi:Dúnedain]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=N%C3%BAmen%C3%B3reans&diff=304964Númenóreans2019-06-02T03:07:04Z<p>Christolk: </p>
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<div>{{cleanup}}<!--inline references! (User:Morgan)--><br />
{{disambig-two|the inhabitants of Númenor|descendants they had on [[Middle-earth]] during the [[Third Age]]|[[Dúnedain]]}}<br />
{{people infobox<br />
| name=Númenóreans<br />
| image=[[File:Liz Danforth - Isildur.png|250px]]<br />
| caption="[[:File:Liz Danforth - Isildur.png|Isildur]]" by Liz Danforth<br />
| pronun={{respell|noo|meh|nor|ee-ans}}<br />
| othernames=[[Kings of Men]], Men of Númenor, Men of the Sea, [[Mighty of the West]], Sea-kings, Tall Men<br />
| origin=Descendants of the [[Edain]] in [[Númenor]]<br />
| location=[[Númenor]], [[Eriador]], [[Harad]], [[Umbar]], [[Pelargir]], later [[Arnor]] and [[Gondor]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Eldar]]<br />
| rivalry=[[Sauron]]<br />
| language=[[Adûnaic]] (native tongue), [[Quenya]], [[Sindarin]] <br />
| members=[[Elros]], [[Tar-Aldarion|Aldarion]], [[Ar-Pharazôn]], [[Elendil]], [[Isildur]] <br />
| lifespan=Númenóreans - c. 200+ years<ref name=Line>{{UT|Kings}}</ref></br>[[Kings of Númenor]] - c. 400 years (later diminished)<ref name=Line/><br/>''[[#Characteristics|See below]]''<br />
| distinctions=<br />
| height=Taller than other [[Men]]<br />
| hair=<br />
| skin=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
}}<br />
<center>{{quote|So great was the might and splendour of the Númenóreans that Sauron's own servants deserted him.|''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[Appendix A]]}}</center><br />
'''Númenóreans''' were the [[Men]] of [[Númenor]], descendants of the [[Edain]] of the [[First Age]], who were granted the island of [[Elenna]] as a dwelling place. They turned against the [[Valar]], and their island home was destroyed in the last years of the [[Second Age]].<br />
<br />
==Origins==<br />
The Númenóreans were descendants of the [[Edain]] of the [[First Age]], who proved themselves allies of the [[Elves]], from whom they gathered knowledge of all things surrounding them. The two races fought together against [[Morgoth]].<br />
<br />
During that Age, unions of Elves and Men were made; [[Lúthien]] and [[Beren]] whose son, [[Dior|Dior Eluchíl]], married [[Nimloth of Doriath]] and [[Elwing]] was born. [[Idril]] and [[Tuor]], the second couple, were parents of [[Eärendil]]. Elwing and Eärendil met at the [[Havens of Sirion]] and from their union twins were born: [[Elros]] and [[Elrond]]. To the two [[Half-elven|half-elves]], the Valar gave a choice: Elros chose to join the race of men, whereas Elrond chose to join the elves.<br />
<br />
When the [[War of Wrath|last battle]] was won by the forces of [[Valinor]], the Valar rewarded the Edain by giving them a place to dwell outside the troubled world of [[Middle-earth]]. [[Ulmo]] raised [[Elenna]], later known as the Island of [[Númenor]]. Halfway between [[Endor]] and [[Aman]], the descendants from the [[Three Houses]] established the Kingdom of Númenor in {{SA|32}} and would last and dominate all other mortal peoples throughout the entire [[Second Age]]. Elros became the first [[King of Númenor]].<br />
<br />
==Politics==<br />
Númenor was a monarchy. The King held the power of decision over the affairs of the state. However, there was an advisory body, the [[Council of the Sceptre]], which consisted of the Heir of the King and lords from the six regions of Númenor: [[Forostar]] (''Northlands''), [[Andustar]] (''Westlands''), [[Hyarnustar]] (''Southwestlands''), [[Hyarrostar]] (''Southeastlands''), [[Orrostar]] (''Eastlands'') and [[Mittalmar]] (''Inlands'').<br />
<br />
There were two main political parties: Elendili or the [[Faithful]], led by the Lords of Andúnië, always loyal to the Elves. In the later years, they were a small group, oppressed by the opposing [[King's Men]] who rebelled against the Valar and their ban and set dominions among the Men of Middle-earth and laid heavy tribute upon them. As their number and power increased, they forced the Elendili to move from [[Andúnië]] to the eastern side of the island, at [[Rómenna]]. [[Pelargir]] was a harbour built where the river [[Sirith]] met [[Anduin]] and it was founded by the Faithful in {{SA|2350}}.<br />
===Rulership===<br />
{{main|Line of Elros}}<br />
Númenóreans from the [[Line of Elros]] had the right to inherit the [[Sceptre]] and thus become Rulers of Númenor. 25 [[King of Númenor|Kings]] and [[Ruling Queen of Númenor|Queens]] descendants of Elros ascended the throne. While the Númenóreans lived around 200 years, royal kindred had a double life span. <br />
<br />
Of great importance was the [[Law of Succession in Númenor]] which established the heir to the throne. It started out as an inherited custom, which gave exclusive rights to the male descendants of Elros. Tar-Aldarion, the sixth ruler of Númenor, only had one daughter and replaced the principle of exclusive male heir with that of eldest progeny, of any gender; in {{SA|1075}} Tar-Ancalimë became the first ruling queen in the history of Númenor. <br />
<br />
Númenóreans from the Line of Elros influenced their era in various ways:<br />
<br />
*[[Tar-Aldarion]], a great mariner and Middle-earth explorer<br />
*[[Tar-Ancalimë]], the first Ruling Queen of Númenor<br />
*[[Tar-Minastir]], defeated [[Sauron]] alongside [[Gil-galad|Ereinion Gil-galad]]<br />
*[[Ar-Belzagar]], the first ruler to take an Adûnaic name<br />
*[[Ar-Adûnakhôr]], banned the speaking of Quenya and severed relationships with the Eldar<br />
*[[Ar-Pharazôn]], last in the line of rulers, whose kingship led directly to the [[Akallabêth|Downfall of Númenor]]<br />
<br />
===Lords of Andúnië===<br />
{{seealso|Lords of Andúnië}}<br />
During the time of princess [[Silmariën]], the law of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnatic_primogeniture agnatic primogeniture] existed. She could not succeed her father as his eldest child, and her [[Tar-Meneldur|brother]] took up the [[Sceptre]]. In her honour was created the title "[[Lords of Andúnië]]", which was set upon [[Valandil (Lord of Andúnië)|Valandil]] her first son and his 18 descendants; the last one was [[Amandil]], father of [[Elendil]]. During the dark times of Númenor, the Lords were renowned for their friendship with the Eldar, and leaders of the [[Elendili]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
At the foundation of Númenor, all the people held the Eldar in friendship. White ships from [[Tol Eressëa]] brought many gifts to the [[Bay of Andúnië]]: birds, flowers, and healing herbs, and a branch from [[Celeborn, White Tree|Celeborn]], the White Tree of Tol Eressëa, which grew at the court of the king of [[Armenelos]]. <br />
<br />
As the fear of death crept into the hearts of the Dúnedain, the Firstborn became envied for their immortality. [[Tar-Atanamir]] was the first to speak against the Eldar and the Ban of the Valar. Little by little the Númenóreans abandoned the use of the [[Eldarin]] tongues. It was during the time of his son, King [[Tar-Ancalimon]], that the two parties were formed, the [[Elf-friends]] and the [[King's Men]]. Ar-Adûnakhôr was the first to choose an Adûnaic name and began to persecute the Faithful, punishing all those who would speak the Elven tongues openly. In the end, the Eldar came no more to the land of Númenor. <br />
<br />
===Dominion over the Men of Middle-earth===<br />
<!--See also of Eriador#Elves and Númenóreans links here--><br />
[[Image:Paula DiSante - Ar-Pharazon Defies.JPG|thumb|right|[[Paula DiSante]] - ''Ar-Pharazon Defies'']]<br />
Due to the fact that the Ban of the Valar restricted them from sailing [[Undying Lands|West]], the Númenóreans began to explore the eastern part of the [[Arda|world]], reaching the shores of Middle-earth in {{SA|600}} in [[Lindon]] and met with [[Gil-galad]]. The news spread swiftly and the [[Middle Men]] in [[Eriador]] were filled with wonder. The sailors met with twelve messengers on the [[Tower Hills]].<ref>{{UT|Aldarion}}</ref><br />
<br />
The Númenóreans began to cultivate their new friends who were into their [[Dark Years]], grown weak and fearful, and taught them agriculture, stonecraft, smithying and their language [[Adûnaic]] but failed to recognize the [[Pre-Númenórean]] forest-folk of [[Minhiriath]] as ‘kinsmen’, and confused them with [[Men of Shadow]] because it was not related to theirs.<ref>{{PM|X}}</ref><br />
<br />
The Middle Men were comforted, populated the western shores. They revered the memory of the tall Sea-kings whom they remembered as gods hoping each time for their return.<ref>{{S|IV}}</ref><br />
<br />
More and more Númenor became a great naval power, and the [[Guild of Venturers]] established [[Vinyalondë]] (early 9th century).<ref>{{UT|Cirion}}</ref> The Pre-Númenóreans were patient until the tree-felling by [[Aldarion]] became devastating;<ref name="GC">{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref> slowly, hostility was growing, and the dark men out of the mountains were thrusting into [[Enedwaith]] in support of their kinsmen.<ref name="A">{{UT|Aldarion}}</ref> <br />
<br />
Around that time, the Númenórean [[Drúedain]] became uneasy and urged Aldarion not to go, foreseeing the mischief to come. They did not succeed and one after another they took ships towards Middle-earth.<ref>{{UT|Druedain}}</ref><br />
<br />
In {{SA|820}} Vinyalondë was overthrown by great seas and plundered by hostile men. Men near the coasts were growing afraid of the Númenóreans or were openly hostile and Aldarion heard rumours of some lord in Middle-earth who hated them. As Gil-galad warned [[Tar-Meneldur]] that this instigator was a servant of the [[Sauron|Enemy]].<ref name="A"/><br />
<br />
Aldarion's successors continued his works and even fought with the pre-Númenóreans<ref>{{UT|Numenor}}</ref> until they attacked and ambushed the Númenóreans when they could. They became their enemies giving no thought to husbandry or replanting. The Númenóreans wrecked the banks, the shorelines, great tracks and roads whom they drove into the forests northwards and southwards from the [[Gwathló]]<ref name="GC"/> and continued battling and destroying what lied ahead of them, pushing into [[Minhiriath]] and [[Enedwaith]], establishing themselves inland as far as the river [[Glanduin]] (the southern boundary of [[Eregion]]), beyond which pre-Númenóreans and hostile peoples lived, a remnant of the peoples that had dwelt in the vales of the White Mountains in ages past<ref>{{App|Languages}}</ref><ref name="GC"/> The natives overcame their fear of the Elves and fled from Minhiriath into the dark woods of the great [[Cape of Eryn Vorn]] (south of the mouth of [[Baranduin]]). Those from Enedwaith took refuge in the eastern mountains ([[Dunland]]).<ref name="GC"/><br />
<br />
[[Sauron]] recruited pre-Númenóreans and in the early second millennium he increased pressure on the West, left his stronghold in [[Rhûn]] and relocated in [[Mordor]], drawing closer to the Númenórean sphere of influence. Sauron welcomed by the natives and used the haters of Númenor as spies and guides for his raiders who caused havoc and burned their settlements. He had not enough force to assault the forts at the Haven or along the banks of the [[Gwathló]]. However his regular troops attempted to conquest Eriador, hunting and killing Middle Men and the Elves and by {{SA|1700}} had mastered all Eriador, up to the River [[Lhûn]] and besieged [[Rivendell]].<ref name="GC"/><br />
<br />
Eriador was already ruined by the time the Númenórean fleet was sent by king [[Tar-Minastir]]. They caught Mordor's troops in the rear and defeated them, bringing peace to the Westlands.<ref name="GC"/> <br />
<br />
They explored the coasts of Middle-earth far southward establishing landing and trading posts that grew into cruel vice-kingdoms which left many rumours in the legends of Men, although the Eldar did not know about them<ref>{{PM|Akallabeth}}</ref> In the south they found a useful natural haven already called [[Umbar]] by the natives.<br />
<br />
The Númenóreans founded [[Pelargir]] in {{SA|2350}} and discovered the pre-Númenóreans [[Oathbreakers|Men of the Mountains]] near [[Dunharrow]]<ref>{{HM|RK}}</ref> who eventually repented when Sauron left from Mordor and the power of Gil-galad had grown great.<ref name="Rings">{{S|Rings}}</ref><br />
<br />
As the shadow spread over Númenor, [[Tar-Ciryatan]] sailed to Middle-earth, bringing numerous treasures back to Númenor. Later more lands were occupied, plundered or forced to pay heavy tribute in return for the lives of their inhabitants. Towards the end of the kingdom, when their religion had changed and human sacrifices were made towards [[Morgoth|Melkor]], many of the victims were people of Middle-earth taken as prisoners. Because of these acts they were looked upon in fear, called the "Death" itself and the Men of Middle-earth trembled at the sight of a mighty Númenórean ship on the waters of [[Belegaer]]. However, the Faithful shared not the behaviour of the King's Men and though they also built a port in Middle-earth, named Pelargir, it was not for the sake of plundering but meant to be a haven far from those of the opposing party.<br />
<br />
When the [[Elendili]] established the [[Realms in Exile]], many Men turned from evil and became subject to them even though the pre-Númenóreans were not friendly to them and never learned to distinguish between the [[King's Men]] and the [[Faithful]].<ref name="Rings"/> During this time the [[King of the Dead|King of the Mountains]] first swore allegiance to [[Isildur]] even though he and many other men were still influenced by their old allegiance to Sauron. <br />
<br />
When Sauron returned Isildur summoned the Men of the Mountains to fulfil their oath, but they would not because they still feared Sauron. They hid in the mountains, isolated until slowly dwindling in the barren hills they became the [[Oathbreakers|Dead Men of Dunharrow]].<br />
<br />
===Sauron's Influence===<br />
<br />
The only daughter of the king [[Tar-Palantir]], a friend of the Eldar who tried to restore the old ways, was [[Tar-Míriel]]. According to the [[Law of Succession in Númenor|New Law]], she had the right to inherit the throne, but her cousin Pharazôn forced her into marriage, and took the Sceptre for himself, becoming known as Ar-Pharazôn the Golden, the most proud and powerful of all the kings. He desired not only immortality as the ones before he had, but also the dominion over the entire world. For this, he gathered a great fleet and opposed the greatest opponent in the path of his task: Sauron. <br />
<br />
So mighty were the Númenóreans that the servants of Sauron fled even before the battle began and their leader was taken as a prisoner back to the island of Elenna. Through numerous lies he poisoned the mind of the king and became master of his council, changing even the religion of the Númenóreans and turning them into servants of the dark [[Morgoth]]. And because he assured Ar-Pharazôn that if he ever reached Aman he would become immortal, the last king gathered once more a great host of ships and sailed to break the Ban of the Valar.<br />
<br />
===Downfall===<br />
[[File:Ted Nasmith - Queen Tar-Míriel and the Great Wave.jpg|thumb|left|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''Queen Tar-Miriel and the Great Wave'']]<br />
<br />
Pharazôn's attempt to reach Valinor and his previous preparations for war with the Eldar raised the anger of [[Manwë]] who sent his eagle-shaped storm clouds to Númenor. Lightning struck the land, including the temple of Melkor, where human sacrifices were made. Because Sauron himself stood in their path and was not hurt by them, the Númenóreans were deceived even more into thinking he was their rightful god.<br />
<br />
Ar-Pharazôn sailed at the head of his fleet known as the [[Great Armament]], led by the flagship [[Alcarondas]], set course towards Valinor and reached Tol Eressëa. His pride fooled him into thinking that the inhabitants of Aman would not stand in his way, because the land was quiet and peaceful, and thus he set camp near the [[Túna]] hill. But Manwë, the Elder King, was aware of what transpired, and the Valar then laid down the Guardianship of Arda. Ilúvatar responded by catastrophically changing the shape of Arda. The Númenóreans present in Valinor were buried under the hills which fell upon them, and on the great island, fire erupted from the top of Meneltarma. The land crumbled into pieces and a great wave swept over it and buried the island at the bottom of the sea. Its people were taken by the waters, and this tragedy brought an end to the Númenórean realm, in {{SA|3319}}.<br />
<br />
===Epilogue===<br />
[[File:The Lord of the Rings - The Motion Picture Trilogy - Elendil.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Elendil in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'']]<br />
The only ones to survive the Downfall of Númenor were Elendil and his sons, [[Isildur]] and [[Anárion]], along with the few people of the Elendili. They escaped the [[Akallabêth]] with nine ships, a seedling of [[Nimloth of Númenor|Nimloth]], which Isildur had rescued the night before its destruction and the Seven [[Seeing-stones]]. Cast ashore by the storm on the western lands of Middle-earth, they founded the Númenórean realms in exile: [[Arnor]] and [[Gondor]]. Their war with Sauron continued in the lands of Middle-earth. Fighting side by side with the Elves and the [[Dwarves]] they opposed and defeated him during the [[War of the Last Alliance]].<br />
<br />
Long after the Fall, there was a belief among those who survived it that the Holy Mountain Meneltarma was not swallowed by the waters but instead raised to be a new island of its own. The heirs of Elendil built great ships once more and set on its search, not only because they yearned for their home, but also because from that point, the top of Meneltarma, Tol Eressëa could be spotted and their hearts still desired to reach the West, against all warnings. But they never found the top of Meneltarma and their voyages served only to discover that Arda was a round world.<br />
==Culture==<br />
The Númenóreans were extremely skilled in arts and craft, with the forging of weapons and armour; although they were a peaceful people, their weapons, armour, and horse-riding skills could not be contested anywhere else in [[Arda]], save for the [[Valar]]. But the Númenóreans were not warmongers, hence the chief art on the island became that of ship-building and sea-craft. The Númenóreans became great mariners, exploring the world in all directions save for the westward, where the [[Ban of the Valar]] was in force. They often travelled to the shores of Middle-earth, teaching the men there the art and craft, and introduced farming as to improve their everyday lives.<br />
<br />
The Númenóreans spoke [[Adunaic]], a [[Mannish]] language that descended from the Mannish languages spoken in [[Beleriand]]. However, their forefathers, the Edain, had learned [[Sindarin]] which was passed on to Númenor. As a language of lore, it changed only a little with the millennia. Educated Númenóreans also studied [[Quenya]], having a prestige above all other tongues.<ref>{{App|Men}}</ref><br />
<br />
Respected as a law was the [[Ban of the Valar]], which stated that Númenóreans should never sail West more than the limit of their sight when looking after their shores. As the fear of death filled more and more the hearts of the Númenóreans, they sailed further away from the island, until finally the last king, Ar-Pharazôn, broke the Ban in his attempt to reach [[Tol Eressëa]] out of the false belief that dwelling in that place granted immortality. <br />
===Religion and Tradition===<br />
<br />
Towards the middle of Mittalmar stood the Mountain [[Meneltarma]], the sacred place on which [[Ilúvatar|Eru]] was worshipped. Its flattened top was wide enough to contain a great crowd during the three yearly ceremonies ([[Erukyermë]], [[Erulaitalë]] and [[Eruhantalë]]). These took place in absolute silence while climbing its slopes. Soon after {{SA|3262}} these religious beliefs were abandoned and the worshipping of [[Morgoth|Melkor]] began. It was done in a cylindrical temple near the city of Armenelos built especially for this, and it involved sacrificing men and women over a great fire, whose first flames were lit from the [[White Tree of Tol Eressëa]].<br />
<br />
Whenever ships sailed from Númenor, the custom of the [[Green Bough of Return]] took place. A branch from the [[Fragrant Trees|Fragrant Tree]] [[Oiolairë]] was set at the prow as a symbol of good fortune by a Númenórean woman, close relative to the captain of the ship. [[Erendis]], wife of Tar-Aldarion, refused to do so in disagreement with her husband's frequent voyages towards Middle-earth, breaking this tradition for the first time.<br />
<br />
===Daily Life===<br />
[[File:Ivan Ulicny - The Age of Númenor.jpg|thumb|Ivan Ulicny - ''The Age of Númenor'']]<br />
Many of the inhabitants of Númenor were fishermen. Along with the grains cultivated in Orrostar, fish was the main food source for the Númenóreans.<br />
<br />
The Dúnedain were skilled in riding and loved horses. They could even call them in their thoughts if bound by friendship. Númenor had no paved roads so that the carriages could move on them more easily. From the [[Noldor]] they learned the art of forging swords, axes, spears, knives, but mostly bows; their arrows resembled dark clouds falling upon the enemies. <br />
<br />
The Númenóreans, were skilled in the art of husbandry, breeding great horses that roamed across the open plains in Mittalmar. <br />
<br />
The greatest love of the Númenóreans was the sea and the building of the largest ships. Most were built at the command of Tar-Aldarion, who also established the [[Guild of Venturers]]. The ship ''[[Eämbar]]'' was their headquarters.<br />
<br />
==Characteristics==<br />
The average Númenórean was taller than two [[Ranga]]r or 6'4". Elendil was the tallest of Men who escaped the Downfall (mentioned to be almost 2.5 [[rangar]] tall, 7'11" or 2.41 m)<ref>{{UT|Linear}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Christopher Tolkien]] noted that Tolkien developed his thinking on the longevity of Númenóreans: originally he suggested that Númenóreans not of the [[Line of Elros]] lived for 200 years - or three times normal men - with royal kindred living 400 years. However, in later writings this was changed to a smaller difference between royals and non-royals, with Númenóreans living "five times" that of normal men, or 300-350 years. Those of the House of Elros were consistenly at c. 400 years, although this was later diminished due to their rebellion.<ref name=Line/> This longer lifespan resulted in an older age of adulthood: 25 years.<ref>{{UT|Aldarion}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Names==<br />
In their own language, the Númenóreans were named '''Adûnâim'''.<ref>{{HM|SD}}, p. 426</ref><br />
<br />
The Númenóreans were also known as '''High Men'''.<ref>{{HM|PM}}, pp. 312, 427</ref><ref>{{PE|17}}, p. 101</ref> (Cf. [[Middle Men]]). They were also known as Sea-kings, Men of the Sea and Lords of the Sea<ref>{{HM|Guide}}, p. 297</ref><br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[:Category:Images of Númenóreans|Images of Númenóreans]]<br />
*[[King of Númenor]]<br />
*[[Black Númenóreans]]<br />
*[[Dúnedain]]<br />
*[[Númenor]]<br />
*[[Akallabêth]]<br />
{{references}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Edain]]<br />
[[Category:Men]]<br />
[[Category:Númenóreans| ]]<br />
[[fi:Númenorilaiset]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/peuples/hommes/numenoreens]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Imraz%C3%B4r&diff=304963Imrazôr2019-06-02T02:13:29Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>__NOTOC__<br />
{{gondorian infobox<br />
| name=Imrazôr<br />
| image=<br />
| caption=<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=<br />
| titles=[[Prince of Dol Amroth|Prince of Belfalas]]<ref name="Cirion">{{UT|Cirion}}</ref><br>[[The Númenórean]]<br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Belfalas]]<br />
| affiliation=<br />
| language=<br />
| birth={{TA|1950}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=Until {{TA|2076}}<br />
| death={{TA|2076}}<br />
| deathlocation=<br />
| age=126<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=Gave rise to the [[House of Dol Amroth]]<br />
| parentage=Descendant of [[Adrahil I]]<ref group="note"> [[Adrahil I|Adrahil]]'s family associations and his dates both imply that he was [[Imrazôr]]'s father, but Tolkien never explicitly makes the connection. The dating is consistent with Adrahil being the father of Imrazôr, and hence [[Galador]]'s grandfather, but the evidence on this point is slim.</ref><ref name="Cirion"/><br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=[[Mithrellas]]<br />
| children=[[Galador]] and [[Gilmith]] <br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=<br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
'''Imrazôr''' was a [[Gondorians|Gondorian]] [[Prince]] of [[Belfalas]] at the end of the second millennium of the [[Third Age]]. He was said to have wedded an [[Elves|Elf-maid]] named [[Mithrellas]], a wandering companion of [[Nimrodel]]. His son [[Galador]] was the first [[Prince of Dol Amroth]].<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}, ''Amroth and Nimrodel''</ref><br />
==Etymology==<br />
The meaning of the name is not known, however it includes [[Adûnaic]] ''zôr'' which means "flame" or "foam".<br />
<br />
The first element ''imra'' (perhaps from *''imar'') is not translated but it also appears in the name [[Imrahil]] and perhaps [[Imâr]].<br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |ADR| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |ADR=[[Adrahil I]]<br/><small>''c. 1944''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |IMR|y|MIT|IMR='''IMRAZȎR'''<br/><small>''1950-2076''</small>|MIT=''[[Mithrellas]]''}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |GAL| |GIL| | | | | | | | | |GAL= [[Galador]]<br/><small>''2004-2129''</small>|GIL=''[[Gilmith]]''}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |SEC| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |SEC=''[[House of Dol Amroth]]''}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==Other Versions of the Legendarium==<br />
In an early manuscript Imrazôr and not his son was numbered as the first Prince of Dol Amroth.<ref>{{PM|Elendil}}, ''The Line of Dol Amroth'', p. 221-222</ref><br />
<br />
{{notes}}<br />
{{references}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Imrazor}}<br />
[[Category:Dúnedain]]<br />
[[Category:Adûnaic words]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Adrahil_(Captain_of_the_Left_Wing)&diff=304962Adrahil (Captain of the Left Wing)2019-06-02T02:13:25Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{rewrite}}<!--Stolen from EOA--><br />
{{disambig-two|the Prince of [[Dor-en-Ernil]]|father of [[Imrahil]]|[[Adrahil II]]}}<br />
{{gondorian infobox<br />
| name=Adrahil<br />
| image=<br />
| caption=<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=Adrahil of [[Dol Amroth]]<br />
| titles=[[Prince of Dol Amroth|Prince of Belfalas]]<ref name="Cirion">{{UT|Cirion}}</ref><br />
| position=Captain of the Left Wing<ref name="Cirion"/><br />
| location=[[Belfalas]]<br />
| affiliation=<br />
| language=[[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Before {{TA|1944}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=c. {{TA|1944}}<br />
| death=<br />
| deathlocation=<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=Early member of the line of [[House of Dol Amroth]]<ref name="Cirion"/><br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=Ancestor of [[Imrazôr]]<ref group="note"> His family associations and his dates both imply that he was [[Imrazôr]]'s father, but Tolkien never explicitly makes the connection. The dating is consistent with Adrahil being the father of Imrazôr, and hence [[Galador]]'s grandfather, but the evidence on this point is slim.</ref><ref name="Cirion"/><br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=<br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}'''Adrahil''' was a [[Gondorian]] [[Prince of Dol Amroth|Prince of Belfalas]]<ref name="Cirion"/> who lived around {{TA|1944}} in the land of [[Belfalas]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
He descended from the noble [[Númenóreans|Númenórean]] [[House of Eorl|house]] that settled in [[Belfalas]] in the [[Second Age]].<ref name="CirionNote"/> Because of this, he was an ancestor of [[Imrazôr]], [[Galador]], and the [[Princes of Dol Amroth]].<ref name="Cirion"/><br />
<br />
When King [[Ondoher]] led his army to face the [[Wainriders]] who threatened [[Gondor]], Adrahil commanded the army's left wing. The soldiers of the right wing were under the command of the King's nephew [[Minohtar]], while the centre was commanded by the king himself and his heir [[Artamir]]. <br />
<br />
Ondoher's enterprise came to a devastating end: he was surprised by the [[Wainriders]], and his forces were overwhelmed. Adrahil's soldiers, however, were shielded from the attack and survived it. Ondoher and Artamir had both been killed, and Minohtar took charge, sending Adrahil along with both his own command of the Left Wing and those at the rear of the Right Wing who had not yet been engaged.<br />
<br />
Adrahil withdrew south into [[Ithilien]] to form a defensive line from [[Cair Andros]] to the [[Ephel Dúath]]. With these forces he was to cover the approaches of [[Minas Tirith]] and allow Minohtar to form a rearguard and attempt to stem the advance of the Wainriders. Adrahil should at once message [[Eärnil II|Eärnil]], and inform him of the disaster of the Morannon and of the position of the retreating Northern Army.<br />
<br />
Adrahil's fate is uncertain; the [[Wainriders]] eventually broke through [[Minohtar]]'s more northerly defence, but whether they penetrated to Adrahil's position is unknown. If he survived the initial assault, it seems likely that Adrahil would have joined with [[Eärnil II|Eärnil]] in his counter-attack, seeing the ultimate defeat of the Wainriders at the [[Battle of the Camp]].<ref name="Cirion"/> <br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |ADR| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |ADR='''ADRAHIL I'''<br/><small>''c. 1944''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |IMR|y|MIT|IMR=[[Imrazôr|Imrazȏr]]<br/><small>''1950-2076''</small>|MIT=''[[Mithrellas]]''}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |GAL| |GIL| | | | | | | | | |GAL= [[Galador]]<br/><small>''2004-2129''</small>|GIL=''[[Gilmith]]''}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |SEC| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |SEC=''[[House of Dol Amroth]]''}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
== Other versions of the legendarium ==<br />
In the chapter "[[Cirion and Eorl and the Friendship of Gondor and Rohan|Cirion and Eorl]]" of ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'', Adrahil is referred to as ''"Adrahil of Dol Amroth"''. However, since [[Dol Amroth]] would not be named as such until after the drowning of [[Amroth]] in {{TA|1981}} this must be an anachronistic error on the part of the chronicler.<ref name="CirionNote">{{UT|Cirion}}, Note 39.</ref><br />
<br />
{{notes}}<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Dúnedain]]<br />
[[Category:Gondorians]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
<br />
[[de:Adrahil]]<br />
[[fi:Adrahil (sotapäällikkö)]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=House_of_Dol_Amroth&diff=304961House of Dol Amroth2019-06-02T02:12:18Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[File:Donato Giancola - Imrahil.jpg|thumb|[[Donato Giancola]] - Imrahil]]<br />
The '''House of Dol Amroth''' was a noble house of [[Gondor]] whose male heirs were the [[Princes of Dol Amroth]] descended from [[Galador]] the first prince. Legend told that his father, [[Imrazôr]] [[the Númenórean]] married a [[Silvan Elves|Silvan Elf]] named [[Mithrellas]], and from that time forward the house and kin were noble by blood and fair in face and mind.<ref>{{PM|Elendil}}, ''The Line of Dol Amroth'', p. 221</ref><br />
<br />
==The Family Tree of the House of Dol Amroth==<br />
Showing the descendants of Galador, the first of the [[Princes of Dol Amroth]]. All information in the tree is from ''[[The Peoples of Middle-Earth]]'', "The Heirs of Elendil", either ''The Line of Dol Amroth'' or ''The House of Dol Amroth''.<ref>{{PM|Elendil}}, p. 221-223</ref> The figures after the names are those of birth and death where recorded (when only one figure is shown it is marked as either the date of birth, 'b.'). A dagger symbol, '†' signifies those who did not die of old age. A name preceded by '*' indicates one of the Princes of Dol Amroth. A name in ''italics'' indicates a woman.<br />
<br />
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;"><br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |ADR| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |ADR=[[Adrahil I]]<br/><small>''c. 1944''</small><br/><ref group="note">His family associations and his dates both imply that he was [[Imrazôr]]'s father, but Tolkien never explicitly makes the connection. The dating is consistent with Adrahil being the father of Imrazôr, and hence [[Galador]]'s grandfather, but the evidence on this point is slim.</ref>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |IMR|y|MIT|IMR=[[Imrazôr]]<br/>[[the Númenórean]]<br/><small>''1950-2076''</small>|MIT=''[[Mithrellas]]''<br/><ref group="note">Mithrellas was a companion of [[Nimrodel]] who was lost in the woods of [[Belfalas]] and harboured by Imrazôr, who wed her.</ref>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |GAL| |GIL| | | | | | | | | |GAL=* [[Galador]]<br/><small>''2004-2129''</small>|GIL=''[[Gilmith]]''}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |SEC| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |SEC=* 2nd Prince<br/><small>''2060-2203''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |THI| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |THI=* 3rd Prince<br/><small>''2120-2254''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |FOU| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |FOU=* 4th Prince<br/><small>''2172-2299''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |FIF| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |FIF=* 5th Prince<br/><small>''2225-2348''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |SIX| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |SIX=* 6th Prince<br/><small>''2274-2400''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |SEV| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |SEV=* 7th Prince<br/><small>''2324-2458''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |EIG| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |EIG=* 8th Prince<br/><small>''2373-2498''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |NIN| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |NIN=* 9th Prince<br/><small>''2418-2540''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |TEN| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |TEN=* 10th Prince<br/><small>''2463-2582''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |ELE| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |ELE=* 11th Prince<br/><small>''2505-2623''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |TWE| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |TWE=* 12th Prince<br/><small>''2546-2660''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |THI| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |THI=* 13th Prince<br/><small>''2588-2701''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |FOU| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |FOU=* 14th Prince<br/><small>''2627-2733''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |FIF| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |FIF=* 15th Prince<br/><small>''2671-2746'' †</small><br/><ref group="note">The 15th prince was slain by [[Corsairs of Umbar]].</ref>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |SIX| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |SIX=* 16th Prince<br/><small>''2709-2799'' †</small><br/><ref group="note">The 16th prince was slain in battle.</ref>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |SEV| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |SEV=* 17th Prince<br/><small>''2746-2859''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |EIG| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |EIG=* 18th Prince<br/><small>''2785-2899''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |AGL| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |AGL=* [[Aglahad]]<br/><small>''2827-2932''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |ANG| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |ANG=* [[Angelimir]]<br/><small>''2866-2977''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |ADR| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |ADR=* [[Adrahil II]]<br/><small>''2917-3010''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|.| | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;|IVR| |FIN|~|DEN| |IMR| | | | | | | | | | |IVR=''[[Ivriniel]]''<br/><small>''b. 2947''</small>|FIN=''[[Finduilas (wife of Denethor)|Finduilas]]''<br/><small>''2950-2987'' †</small><br/><ref group="note">Finduilas was said to wither in [[Minas Tirith]] away from the sea and died very young.</ref>|DEN=[[Denethor|Denethor II]]|IMR=* [[Imrahil]]<br/><small>''2955-FoA 34''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |ELP| |ERC| |AMR| |LOT|~|EOM|ELP=* [[Elphir]]<br/><small>''2987- FoA 67''</small>|ERC=[[Erchirion]]<br/><small>''b. 2990''</small>|AMR=[[Amrothos]]<br/><small>''b. 2994''</small>|LOT=''[[Lothíriel]]''<br/><small>''b. 2999''</small>|EOM=King [[Éomer]]<br/>of [[Rohan]]}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree |boxstyle=white-space:nowrap;background-color:#FFFFFF;| | | | | | |ALP| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |ALP=* [[Alphros]]<br/><small>''3017-FoA 95''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Notes===<br />
<references group="note"/><br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Princes of Dol Amroth]]<br />
[[Category:Gondorians]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Eriador&diff=304960Eriador2019-06-02T00:35:43Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{location infobox<br />
| name=Eriador<br />
| image=[[File:Stephen Raw - Middle-earth map (1 of 4).png|250px]]<br />
| caption="Middle-earth map (1 of 4)" by [[Stephen Raw]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=Possibly the [[Lone-lands]], almost synonymous with [[Arnor]]<br />
| location=North-west [[Middle-earth]], between the [[Misty Mountains]] and the [[Blue Mountains]]<br />
| type=Region<br />
| description=Large, inhabited region scattered with hills and forests<br />
| regions=[[Angmar]], [[Arnor]], [[Arthedain]], [[Cardolan]], [[Eregion]], [[Lindon]]<ref group="note">After the [[War of the Elves and Sauron]] and the establishment of [[Imladris]], the realm of [[Lindon]] was diminished and did not extend beyond the [[Blue Mountains]] any more.</ref><ref>{{PM|XNotes}}, #75</ref>, [[Minhiriath]], [[Rhudaur]], [[The Shire]]<br />
| towns=[[Hobbiton]], [[Michel Delving]], [[Bree]], [[Annúminas]], [[Fornost Erain]], [[Tharbad]], [[Ost-in-Edhil]], [[Rivendell]], [[Lond Daer]], [[Thorin's Halls]], [[Undertowers]], [[Nogrod]], [[Belegost]], [[Grey Havens]]<br />
| inhabitants=''[[#Inhabitants|See below]]''<br />
| created=<br />
| destroyed=<br />
| events=[[Arnor#History|Foundation of Arnor]]<br/>[[Rings of Power#The Creation of the Rings of Power|Forging of the Rings]]<br/>[[War of the Elves and Sauron]]<br/>[[Hobbits#History|Arrival of Hobbits]]<br/>[[Great Plague|The Great Plague]]<br/>[[Fell Winter (Third Age)|The Fell Winter]]<br/>[[Battle of Bywater]]<br />
}}<br />
{{Pronounce|Eriador2.mp3|Ardamir}}'''Eriador''' was the large region in the north-west of [[Middle-earth]], defined between [[Lindon]] and the [[Blue Mountains]] to the west and [[Rhovanion]] and the [[Misty Mountains]] to the east.<br />
<br />
It was inhabited by all the [[Free peoples]] of Middle-earth, being the location of many of the most important events of the [[Second Age|Second]] and [[Third Age|Third]] Ages. By the end of the Third Age, its main inhabitants were [[Hobbits]] of [[the Shire]] and [[Men]] of the surrounding lands.<br />
<br />
==Boundaries==<br />
===First Age===<br />
[[Image:Steven White Jr. - North-west of Middle-earth (First Age).png|thumb|left|200px|[[User:Smeagol|Steven White Jr.]] - ''Middle-earth in the First Age'']]<br />
It is known that the Blue Mountains existed during the First Age more formidable and longer than in the latter Ages;<ref name="Silm-map">{{S|Map}}</ref> whereas [[Morgoth|Melkor]] reared the [[Misty Mountains]] before the arrival of the [[Elves]] in order to hinder [[Oromë]]<ref name="Silm-Captive">{{S|Captivity}}</ref>. These ranges surrounded the eastern and western borders of Eriador.<br />
<br />
The [[Iron Mountains]] (''Ered Engrin'') stretched across the north of the world in a curve from east to west, standing on the border of the [[Dor Daedeloth|region of everlasting cold]]<ref name="Silm-Bel">{{S|Beleriand}}</ref> and can be considered that they were northern border of Eriador.<ref>It is also seen in [[:File:J.R.R. Tolkien - Ambarkanta Map V.png|this map drawn by Tolkien]]</ref><br />
<br />
It is unclear what the borders of Eriador were to the south; it is unknown whether the [[Greyflood]] or [[Lhûn|Lune]] rivers even existed in the First Age. Presumably the Greyflood followed the same route through Eriador to the lower end of the extended Blue Mountains - before reaching the sea somewhere to the west of the [[White Mountains]].<ref name="Atlas">[[Karen Wynn Fonstad]], ''[[The Atlas of Middle-earth]]'', revised edition, p. 4</ref><br />
<br />
===Second, Third and Fourth Ages===<br />
{{blockquote|Eriador was of old the name of all the lands between the [[Misty Mountains]] and the [[Blue Mountains|Blue]]; in the South it was bounded by the [[Greyflood]] and the [[Glanduin]] that flows into it above [[Tharbad]].|{{App|Eriador}}}}<br />
<br />
In the [[Second Age|Second]], [[Third Age|Third]] and [[Fourth Age|Fourth]] ages, the boundaries of the region - listed clock-wise from due north - were as follows:<br />
*to the north, the [[Icebay of Forochel]];<br />
*to the north-east and east, the [[Misty Mountains]] (''Hithaeglir'');<br />
*to the south-east, the river [[Glanduin]];<br />
*to the south, the river [[Greyflood]] (''Gwathló'' or ''Gwathir'');<br />
*to the south-west, the [[Belegaer|Great Sea]] (''Belegaer'');<br />
*and to the west and north-west, the [[Blue Mountains]] (''Ered Luin'' or ''Ered Lindon'').<br />
<br />
{{navigation<br />
| title=Region of Eriador<br />
| north-west=[[Blue Mountains]]<br />
| north=[[Icebay of Forochel]], '''[[Forodwaith (lands)|Forodwaith]]'''<br />
| north-east=[[Misty Mountains]], '''[[Forodwaith (lands)|Forodwaith]]'''<br />
| west=[[Blue Mountains]], [[Gulf of Lune|Gulf of Lhûn]], '''[[Lindon]]'''<br />
| east=[[Misty Mountains]], ''' [[Rhovanion]]'''<br />
| south-west=[[Belegaer]]<br />
| south=[[Gwathló]], '''[[Enedwaith]]'''<br />
| south-east=[[Glanduin]], [[Dunland]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Geography==<br />
:''See also: [[:Category:Eriador]] and [[:Category:Cities, towns and villages of the Shire]]''<br />
Eriador was a large, inhabited temperate region in the north-west of [[Middle-earth]] which enjoyed warm summers and increasingly cool winters.<ref name="Prologue"/> At its widest extent, it stretched for around 675 miles from east-to-west, around 690 miles from north-to-south, 740 miles from northeast-to-southwest and 750 miles from northwest-to-southeast.<ref name="Distance">Estimates by [[User:Mith]] based on [[:File:Middle-earth map (1 of 4).png|the map from ''The Lord of the Rings'']]</ref><br />
[[File:J.R.R. Tolkien - Old Man Willow.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Drawing by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] showing the [[Withywindle]]]]<br />
The most important rivers were: the [[Lhûn|Lune]] ([[Sindarin]] ''Lhûn'') which flowed through the Blue Mountains to form the [[Gulf of Lune]]; the [[Baranduin|Brandywine]] (Sindarin ''Baranduin'') which flowed out of [[Lake Evendim|Lake Evendim]] (''Nenuial'') to form the eastern-boundary of [[the Shire]]; and the [[Gwathló|Greyflood]] (''Gwathló'') which formed the southern-border of Eriador. Other rivers include: the [[Glanduin]], which flowed out of [[Eregion|Hollin]] (''Eregion'') and into the Greyflood above [[Tharbad]], forming the [[Swanfleet]] (''Nîn-in-Eilph'') marsh; the [[Bruinen|Loudwater]] (''Bruinen''), passing [[Rivendell]] (''Imladris'') in the [[Ford of Bruinen]]; the [[Hoarwell]] (''Mitheithel'') which flowed out of the [[Ettenmoors]] and over which the [[Last Bridge]] passed; the [[Withywindle]] of the [[Old Forest]]; and [[The Water]], [[Stock-brook]], [[Shirebourn]] and [[Thistle Brook]] which all flowed into the Brandywine from in the Shire.<ref name="Shire-map">{{FR|Part}}</ref><ref name="ME-map">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[:File:Middle-earth map (1 of 4).png|Map 1]]</ref><br />
<br />
Central Eriador was scattered with many groups of hills including the [[Tower Hills]] (''Emyn Beraid''), [[Hills of Evendim]] (''Emyn Uial''), [[Weather Hills]] as well as the [[Far Downs]], [[White Downs]], [[South Downs]], [[North Downs]] and [[Barrow-downs]] (''Tyrn Gorthad''); [[Karen Wynn Fonstad|Fonstad]] noted that the "''longitudinal axes [of the hills] formed concentric rings''".<ref name="Atlas-Eriador">[[Karen Wynn Fonstad]], ''[[The Atlas of Middle-earth]]'', revised edition, p. 72</ref> Despite large deforestation by the [[Númenóreans]] during the [[Second Age]]<ref name="UT-Galadriel" /> some wooded areas remained, such as the [[Old Forest]], [[Woody End]], [[Bindbole Wood]] (sometimes seen as "Bindbale"), [[Chetwood]] around [[Bree-hill]], the [[Trollshaws]], and, largest of all, [[Eryn Vorn]];<ref name="ME-map"/> [[Eregion|Hollin]] was so named due to the large numbers of holly trees which grew there.<ref name="FR-Journey">{{FR|Journey}}</ref> Other geographic features include [[Midgewater Marshes]], [[Rushock Bog]], and [[Overbourn Marshes]].<ref name="Shire-map"/><br />
<br />
The [[East Road|East-West Road]] crossed Eriador from Rivendell in the east to the Grey Havens in the west whilst the [[Greenway]] ran south from [[Fornost Erain|Fornost]], linking [[Arnor]] and [[Gondor]];<ref name="FR-Sign">{{FR|Sign}}</ref> the Greenway and the East-West Road met at [[Bree]]. Key [[Elves|Elvish]] settlements included the [[Grey Havens]], [[Ost-in-Edhil]]<ref name="S-Rings">{{S|Rings}}</ref> and [[Rivendell]]; for the [[Dúnedain]] there were [[Weathertop]], [[Annúminas]], and [[Fornost Erain]] as well as the [[Númenóreans|Númenórean]] ports of [[Tharbad]] and [[Lond Daer]] (earlier known as [[Vinyalondë]]).<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===Earlier History===<br />
:''See also: [[Great Journey|Great March]]''<br />
<br />
Before the [[First Age]], the [[Three Kindreds]] of the [[Elves]] passed through Eriador on their way to [[Beleriand]], to make the trip to [[Valinor]]. First came the [[Vanyar]], following closely by the [[Noldor]], but the third kindred, the [[Teleri]], tarried and were only urged forward at the behest of their lord, [[Elwë Singollo|Elwë]], who was keen to return to [[Valinor]].<ref name="Silm-Captive" /><br />
<br />
Not all of the Teleri continued on the march as when the host reached the great river [[Anduin]] [[Lenwë]] led some of his people southwards away from the rest of his kin: these people became the [[Nandor]].<ref name="Silm-Captive" /> Some of these people eventually passed into Eriador, and dwelt there for a time, before [[Denethor (Nando)|Denethor]], son of Lenwë, gathered as many of the Nandor as possible and removed to [[Ossiriand]] to become the [[Nandor#Lenwë and Denethor|Laiquendi]].<ref name="Silm-Sindar">{{S|Sindar}}</ref><br />
<br />
Another group that awoke and appeared during this time were the [[Firebeards]] and [[Broadbeams]]. After they had awakened beneath [[Ered Luin]], they eventually crossed over into Beleriand in {{YT|1250|n}} and encountered the Sindar for the first time.<br />
<br />
They also built the two great Dwarf cities of [[Nogrod]] and [[Belegost]] in the Ered Luin, which were the chief suppliers of weaponry to the Elves of Beleriand, and as well as home to the world's greatest crafters.<br />
<br />
===First Age===<br />
In {{FA|310}} the first [[Men]] of the [[House of Bëor]] entered [[Beleriand]] from Eriador,<ref name="WOTJ">{{WJ|West}}, pp. 215 and 226</ref> and were discovered by [[Finrod|Finrod Felagund]]. These Men quickly made friendship with the [[Eldar]] and entered into their service, but [[Bereg]], great-grandson of [[Bëor]], was discontent and led those of like mind with himself back over the [[Blue Mountains|mountains]] into Eriador.<ref name="Silm-Men">{{S|West}}</ref><br />
<br />
Living in Eriador during the [[First Age]] were also men known as [[Easterlings#Easterlings of the First Age|Easterlings]], or ''Swarthy Men'', who they were led by [[Bór]] and [[Ulfang the Black|Ulfang]]. In {{FA|463}} Bór and Ulfang led many Men into Beleriand, as Men were often drawn westwards, and they met with the Eldar.<ref name="Silm-Fingolfin">{{S|Fingolfin}}</ref> Bór was faithful to the Eldar and his people followed [[Maedhros]] and [[Maglor]], but [[Ulfang the Black|Ulfang]] [[Treachery of Men|betrayed]] the Eldar and [[Edain]] in the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]] - even though he swore an oath of allegiance with [[Caranthir]] - successfully fulfilling the designs of [[Morgoth]] in the process.<ref name="Silm-Fifth">{{S|Fifth}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Second Age===<br />
=====Elves and Númenóreans=====<br />
:''See also: [[Númenóreans#Dominion over the Men of Middle-earth]]''<br />
Following the [[War of Wrath]] - and the destruction of [[Beleriand]] - many [[Elves]] left for [[Aman]] whilst the remnants of the [[Edain]] removed to live on the newly-formed isle of [[Númenor]]. The remaining Elves moved to [[Middle-earth]], and in the year {{SA|750|n}} of the [[Second Age]] the remnants of the [[Noldor]] established the realm of [[Eregion]] in the south-east of Eriador.<ref name="App-B1">{{App|B1}}</ref><br />
<br />
In {{SA|600}} the first [[Númenóreans|Númenórean]] ships began to visit [[Middle-earth]] and when news of this reached the [[Men]] of Eriador they were amazed and scared. On the [[Tower Hills]] the Númenóreans met with just twelve [[Men]] from Eriador and both sides recognised their ancient kinship: the Númenóreans discovered that these people lived in the hills east of the [[Baranduin]] and were likely the descendants of the people of [[Bëor]] and [[Hador]] who never crossed the [[Blue Mountains]].<ref name="UT-Wife" /><br />
[[File:Felix Sotomayor - Ost-in-Edhil cropped.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Felix Sotomayor]] - ''[[Ost-in-Edhil]]'']]<br />
In {{SA|725}} [[Tar-Aldarion|Aldarion]] first visits [[Lindon]] and Eriador and begins a long-lasting friendship with [[Gil-galad]]. He made many voyages to Middle-earth and established the haven of [[Vinyalondë]] (later known as [[Lond Daer]]) on the banks of the river [[Gwathir]] - a move which proved crucial in defeating Sauron later in the Second Age.<ref name="UT-Wife">{{UT|Wife}}</ref> As a mariner, Aldarion had a great desire to build ships and in order to this he began deforesting much of the [[Minhiriath]] and [[Enedwaith]]; this angered the native forest-dwelling Men who subsequently fled to the forest of [[Eryn Vorn]].<ref name="UT-Galadriel" /><br />
<br />
=====War with Sauron=====<br />
:''See also: [[Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age]]''<br />
<br />
The Noldor of Eregion grew in unparalleled friendship with the [[Dwarves]] of [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]], to the benefit of both peoples, and there was much traffic between the Elven city of [[Ost-in-Edhil]] and the [[Doors of Durin|West-gate]] of Moria. In Eregion the Elven craftsmen became great in knowledge as they were led by [[Celebrimbor]], grandson of [[Fëanor]], the most skilled of the [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]] ("the People of the Jewel-smiths").<ref name="Silm-Rings">{{S|Rings}}</ref> <br />
<br />
[[Sauron]] saw that the [[Elves]] of [[Eregion]] were vulnerable and he came to them in the guise of [[Annatar]], "Lord of Gifts", and they welcomed him and he taught them many things of lore and smith-craft. In {{SA|1500}}, when the knowledge and skill of the Elves reached its height, they began the [[Rings of Power#The Creation of the Rings of Power|forging]] of the [[Rings of Power]], but, in {{SA|1600}}, Sauron secretly created [[the One Ring]] to rule over all the other Rings.<ref name="Silm-Rings" /><br />
<br />
When Sauron put on the Ring the Elves realised they had been fooled so they hid all the other Rings from him; Sauron, however, demanded that all the Rings be given to him as they were created with his help. When the Elves refused Sauron was vengeful and in {{SA|1693}} began the [[War of the Elves and Sauron]] with an invasion of Eriador in {{SA|1695|n}}.<ref name="Silm-Rings" /> [[Elrond]] was sent by [[Gil-galad]] with a force to aid Celebrimbor, but not only they were unable to stop Sauron, but they would also be destroyed if it weren't for an attack upon Sauron's force from the rear by [[Dwarves]] from [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]]. With some survivors from Eregion, Elrond retreated northwards.<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Concerning}}</ref><br />
[[File:Abe Papakhian - Death of Celebrimbor.jpg|thumb|''Death of Celebrimbor'' by Abe Papakhian]]<br />
In {{SA|1697|n}}, with Celebrimbor's death and Eregion lain waste, [[Elrond]] founded the refuge of [[Rivendell|Imladris]] as a defence against Sauron, and was joined by Men and Elves, swelling his forces; Sauron had taken over all of Eriador by {{SA|1699}}, once he drove the Dwarves back into Khazad-dûm and the gates were shut. While Sauron sent most of his army west to attack [[Lindon]] he had to leave a strong detachment behind to contain Elrond<ref name="Galadriel"/>and [[First Siege of Imladris|besieged Imladris]].<ref name="App-B1" /><br />
<br />
[[Gil-galad]] sent word to [[King of Númenor|King]] [[Tar-Minastir]] of [[Númenor]] calling for aid, but when the ships finally arrived in {{SA|1700}} (landing in Lindon and [[Vinyalondë]]) Sauron was already preparing his invasion of [[Lindon]]. The forces of [[Gil-galad]], [[Elrond]] and [[Ciryatur]] caused heavy losses at [[Sarn Ford]] before Sauron's forces were utterly destroyed at the [[Battle of the Gwathló]], with Sauron barely escaping with his life. However, Eriador lay in ruins as many of the native [[Men]], Elves and Númenóreans had been killed by Sauron and his forces had ravaged the lands and destroyed many of the remaining forests.<ref name="UT-Galadriel">{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref><br />
<br />
The Elven lords decided in a Council that Imladris should become the new Elvish stronghold in eastern Eriador after the destruction of Eregion; Gil-galad also bestowed the ring [[Vilya]] upon Elrond and made him his vice-regent.<ref name="Galadriel"/><br />
<br />
=====Last Alliance=====<br />
:''See also: [[War of the Last Alliance]]''<br />
[[File:The Lord of the Rings - The Fellowship of the Ring - Last Alliance.jpg|thumb|left|200px|The [[War of the Last Alliance]] in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'']]<br />
Throughout the [[Second Age]] the [[Númenóreans]] gradually increased their power in [[Middle-earth]] by creating coastal dominions; they eventually have the strength to confront [[Sauron]] and take him prisoner to [[Númenor]]. Whilst there, Sauron seduced the [[King of Númenor|King]] - and most of the people - and persuades [[Ar-Pharazôn]] to break the [[Ban of the Valar]] causing [[Ilúvatar]] to change the shape of the [[Arda|World]], destroying Númenor in the process.<ref name="Silm-Akallabeth">{{S|Akallabeth}}</ref> [[Faithful|The Faithful]] - those Númenóreans who remained true to the [[Valar]] and friendly with the [[Elves]] - were spared and in {{SA|3320}} [[Elendil]] establishes the two [[Realms in Exile]]: [[Gondor]] in the south and [[Arnor]] in Eriador.<ref name="App-B1" /><br />
<br />
Sauron - who is now unable to take fair form<ref name="App-Numenor">{{App|Numenor}}</ref> - returned to [[Mordor]] and in {{SA|3429}} attacked [[Minas Morgul|Minas Ithil]] and burning [[White Tree of Gondor|White Tree]].<ref name="App-B1" /> [[Isildur]] - son of Elendil - fled north to join his father in Arnor who took counsel with [[Gil-galad]], for both foresaw the need to triumph over Sauron before his power grew unstoppable: in {{SA|3430}} they formed the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]]. In {{SA|3431}} Elendil and Gil-galad marched east to [[Rivendell|Imladris]]; the host was the fairest and most splendid in arms ever seen in Middle-earth and the greatest ever assembled since the [[Host of the Valar]].<ref name="Silm-Rings" /><br />
<br />
===Third Age===<br />
=====Arnor and Division=====<br />
[[File:John Howe - The One Ring 04.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[John Howe]] - ''[[The One Ring]]'']]<br />
:''See also: [[Arnor]]''<br />
<br />
Following [[Sauron]]'s defeat during the [[War of the Last Alliance]], [[Isildur]] took [[the One Ring]] for himself as a [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/weregild weregild] for his father, but, during the [[Disaster of the Gladden Fields]] the Ring betrayed him to his death; the Ring was lost and not found again for 2,500 years.<ref name="FR-Council">{{FR|Council}}</ref> The [[Kings of Arnor|kingship]] of Arnor passed to Isildur's only surviving son, [[Valandil (King of Arnor)|Valandil]] whose reign begins an uneventful 800 years in the [[Arnor|North-kingdom]].<ref name="App-B2">{{App|B2}}</ref> <br />
<br />
The unity of Arnor was broken, however, when, in [[Third Age]] [[Third Age 861|861]], following the death of the tenth [[Kings of Arnor|king]], [[Eärendur (King of Arnor)|Eärendur]], the dissension amongst his three sons led to the division of Arnor into three kingdoms: [[Arthedain]], [[Cardolan]] and [[Rhudaur]]. There was often strife between the kingdoms, especially over ownership of the Weather Hills and the chief ''[[Palantíri|Palantír]]'' of the North at [[Weathertop|Amon Sûl]], and this quickened the waning of the [[Dúnedain]].<ref name="App-Eriador">{{App|Eriador}}</ref><br />
<br />
{{blockquote|Arthedain was in the North-west and included the land between [[Baranduin|Brandywine]] and [[Lhûn|Lune]], and also the land north of the [[East Road|Great Road]] as far as the [[Weather Hills]]. Rhudaur was in the North-east and lay between the [[Ettenmoors]], the Weather Hills, and the [[Misty Mountains]], but included also the [[Angle of Eriador|Angle]] between the [[Hoarwell]] and the [[Loudwater]]. Cardolan was in the South, its bounds being the Brandywine, the [[Greyflood]], and the Great Road.|{{App|Eriador}}}}<br />
<br />
The line of Isildur was maintained with the [[Kings of Arthedain]] all the way through to [[Aragorn|Aragorn II]], but the line of kings in Cardolan and Rhudaur quickly dwindled. By {{TA|1349|n}}, with the rule of [[Argeleb I]], the Kings of Arthedain were once again claiming lordship over all of Arnor and prefixed their names with ''[[Ar|ar-]]'' in recognition of this.<ref name="App-North">{{App|North}}, note 4</ref><br />
<br />
=====Rise of Angmar=====<br />
[[File:Rob Alexander - The Witch King of Angmar.jpg|left|thumb|200px|The [[Witch-king|Witch King]] of [[Angmar]] by [[Rob Alexander]]]]<br />
In the year {{TA|1300}}<ref name="App-B2" /> evil things begin to return to the world with the [[Witch-king]] founding the evil realm of [[Angmar]] beyond the [[Ettenmoors]] in the far north-east of Eriador, hoping to utterly destroy the [[Dúnedain]] of the North, seeing hope in the fragmentation of [[Arnor]].<ref name="App-Eriador" /> <br />
<br />
In league with [[Lindon]] and [[Cardolan]], [[Kings of Arthedain|King]] [[Arveleg I]] of [[Arthedain]] successfully fortified the [[Weather Hills]] against [[Angmar]] whilst [[Rivendell]] was being besieged. However, in {{TA|1409}} a great force came out of Angmar, surrounding [[Weathertop]], defeating the [[Dúnedain]], slaying Arveleg and the last prince of Cardolan whilst destroying the tower of Amon Sûl. The ''[[Amon Sûl-stone|palantír]]'' was saved in retreat to [[Fornost Erain|Fornost]] but Cardolan was ravaged and [[Rhudaur]] became a vassal-state of Angmar; in response, [[Elrond]] brought [[Elves]] from [[Lothlórien]] and [[Círdan]] sent aid from [[Lindon]] to repel Angmar from the [[North Downs]] and Fornost - for a time, Angmar was subdued.<ref name="App-Eriador" /><br />
<br />
During the [[Angmar War]], the weather and climate in Eriador became unfriendly, and all these circumstances forced the [[Stoors]] to leave the [[Angle of Eriador]]. In {{TA|1636}} the [[Great Plague]] came up from the south-east with many in Cardolan (especially in [[Minhiriath]]) and [[the Shire]] perishing; as Cardolan was deserted, the [[Witch-king]] sent evil spirits to dwell in the revered [[Barrow-downs]].<ref name="App-Eriador" /> The Plague marked the beginning of the desolation of [[Eriador]], that continued being depopulated from [[Men]] for the rest of the [[Age]].<ref>{{PM|XNotes}}, #59</ref><br />
<br />
=====Destruction of Arnor=====<br />
:''See also: [[Arnor#The_Fall of Arthedain]] and [[Arvedui#Life as King]]''<br />
<br />
After many years of silence, King [[Araphant]] of [[Arthedain]] and King [[Ondoher]] of [[Gondor]] renewed communications between the two realms as they perceived that there was a single power directing the enemies or both [[Arnor]] and Gondor,<ref name="App-Gondor">{{App|Gondor}}</ref> as such in {{TA|1940}} Araphant's son [[Arvedui]] married Ondoher's daughter [[Fíriel]].<ref name="App-B2" /> Despite the marriage, neither kingdom was able to send aid to the other as Angmar continued to attack Athedain while the [[Wainriders]] attacked Gondor; in the [[Battle of the Camp]] of {{TA|1944}} Ondoher was killed.<br />
<br />
{{blockquote|On the death of Ondoher and his sons, Arvedui of the North-kingdom claimed the crown of Gondor, as the direct descendent of [[Isildur]], and as the husband of Fíriel, only surviving child of Ondoher. The claim was rejected. In this [[Pelendur]], the [[Stewards of Gondor|Steward]] of King Ondoher, played the chief part.<br/><br/>The [[Council of Gondor]] answer: "''The crown and royalty of Gondor belongs solely with the heirs of [[Meneldil]], son of [[Anárion]], to whom Isildur relinquished this realm. In Gondor this heritage is reckoned through the sons only; and we have not heard that the law is otherwise in Arnor.''"|{{App|Gondor}}}}<br />
<br />
Instead, a distant relative, [[Eärnil II|Eärnil]], was chosen as [[Kings of Gondor|King]]. Arvedui did not press his claim, but nor did the [[Dúnedain of Arnor|Dúnedain of the North]] forget it, for their kingdom diminished as foretold by [[Malbeth]] the [[Seers|Seer]]: in {{TA|1974}} Angmar returned with renewed vigour, attacking the Dúnedain, capturing [[Fornost Erain|Fornost]] and destroying Arnor. After holding out for a while on the [[North Downs]], Arvedui was forced to flee to the [[Blue Mountains|mountains]] where he stayed in some old [[Dwarves|dwarf]] mines; out of hunger, he and his men travelled north and spent the winter with the [[Lossoth]] on the [[Icebay of Forochel]]. Arvedui perished and two ''[[palantíri]]'' were lost.<ref name="App-Eriador" /><br />
<br />
[[Eärnil II|Eärnil]] had told Arvedui, "''I do not forget the royalty of Arnor, nor deny our kinship, nor wish that the realms of [[Elendil]] be estranged. I will send to your aid when you have need, so long as I am able.''"<ref name="App-Gondor" /> In {{TA|1973}} he received a request for aid and sent his son, [[Eärnur]], north with a great host: they arrived at the [[Grey Havens]] too late. However, in {{TA|1975}} [[Círdan]] and Eärnur amassed a great army and met the forces of Angmar on the plain by [[Lake Evendim|Lake Nenuial]] in the [[Battle of Fornost]]: the force was too strong for the [[Witch-king]] and his army fled but his retreat was cut off by Gondor's cavalry and a host of [[Elves]] led by [[Glorfindel]] who had come north from [[Rivendell]].<ref name="App-B2" /> <br />
<br />
Despite the utter destruction of Angmar, [[Arthedain]] was also over. Arvedui's son, [[Aranarth]], took the title "[[Chieftains of the Dúnedain|Chieftain of the Dúnedain]]" and the heirlooms of [[Arnor]] were given into the keeping of [[Elrond]].<ref name="App-B2" /> The Dúnedain continued as a secretive and wandering people, fighting with the sons of Elrond to protect their former lands: they mostly lived out their full lives (save for [[Aragorn I]] who was slain by [[wolves]]) until the days of [[Arassuil]] when evil things began to multiply again.<ref name="App-Eriador" /><br />
<br />
=====Foundation of the Shire=====<br />
[[File:The Lord of the Rings - The Fellowship of the Ring - The Shire.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[The Shire]] as seen in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'']]<br />
:''See also: [[The Shire#History]]''<br />
<br />
[[Hobbits]] (or ''[[Perian|Periannath]]'' in [[Sindarin]]) first entered Eriador in {{TA|1050}} when [[Harfoots]] came over the [[Misty Mountains]] from the [[Vales of Anduin]] in order to move away from [[Necromancer|the shadow]] which had fallen over [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]]. In around {{TA|1150}} they were joined by the [[Fallohides]] whilst the [[Stoors]] came over the [[Caradhras#The Redhorn Gate|Redhorn Pass]] and moved to [[Dunland]] and the [[Angle of Eriador|Angle]]. With the rise of [[Angmar]] some Hobbits migrate westward and settle in [[Bree]]; in {{TA|1356}} the Stoors leave the Angle, some of whom returned to [[Rhovanion]]<ref name="App-B2" /> to become a people of fisher-folk.<ref name="App-Eriador" /><br />
<br />
In {{TA|1601}}, led by [[Marcho]] and [[Blanco]], Hobbits obtained permission from [[Kings of Arthedain|King]] [[Argeleb II]] to settle in the region beyond the [[Baranduin|Brandywine River]] on the proviso that they maintain the [[Brandywine Bridge|Bridge of Stonebows]] and other bridges and roads, whilst acknowledging Argeleb's lordship. With the foundation of [[the Shire]], the year [[Third Age]] 1601 became the year 1 in [[Shire Calendar|Shire-reckoning]].<ref name="Prologue">{{FR|Hobbits}}</ref> On the war with with Angmar the following is recorded:<br />
<br />
{{blockquote|The [[Shire-hobbits|Shire-folk]] survived, though [[Angmar War|war]] swept over them and most fled into hiding. To the help of [[Arvedui|the king]] they sent some archers who never returned; and others went also to the [[Battle of Fornost|battle in which Angmar was overthrown]] [...] Afterwards in the peace that followed the [[Shire-hobbits|Shire-folk]] ruled themselves and prospered. They chose a [[Thain]] to take the place of the King [...] The first Shire-thain was one [[Bucca of the Marish|Bucca]] of the [[Marish]], from whom the [[Oldbuck Family|Oldbucks]] claimed descent. He became Thain in {{SR|379|n}}|{{App|Eriador}}}}<br />
<br />
For the next thousand years Hobbits were little-affected by the dangers of the world around them as they grew large in both number and wealth.<ref name="Prologue"/> Despite the end of the [[Watchful Peace]] in {{TA|2460}} - with the passes across the [[Misty Mountains]] being barred by [[Sauron]]'s creatures - Eriador not was attacked by [[orcs]] until {{TA|2740|n}}.<ref name="App-B2" /> Seven years later [[Bandobras Took]] led a group of hobbits in successfully defending the Shire against marauding orcs from [[Mount Gram]] led by [[Golfimbul]] in the [[Battle of Greenfields]].<ref name="Party">{{H|Party}}</ref> Hobbits faced further hardship in {{TA|2758}} in the shape of the [[Long Winter]] which killed thousands of hobbits and resulted in a [[Days of Dearth|dreadful famine]]; in {{TA|2911}} the [[Fell Winter (Third Age)|Fell Winter]] began, freezing the rivers and bringing [[White Wolves|white wolves]] from the north (in the floods which followed the city of [[Tharbad]] was destroyed).<ref name="App-B2" /><br />
<br />
=====War of the Ring=====<br />
:''See also:'' ''[[The Hobbit]]'', ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' and ''[[War of the Ring]]''<br />
<br />
On [[14 March|March 14]], {{TA|2941}},<ref name="App-Durin">{{App|Durin}}</ref> a chance encounter between the [[wizards|wizard]] [[Gandalf]] and [[Kings of Durin's Folk|King]] [[Thorin II Oakenshield|Thorin Oakenshield]] in [[Bree]] set in motion a series of events which led to the downfall of [[Sauron]] and the establishment of the [[Reunited Kingdom]]. Thorin was seeking to regain his [[Thráin|father]]'s [[Lonely Mountain|kingdom]] and [[Arkenstone|wealth]] was seeking assistance; Gandalf - worried about the threat of the [[dragons|dragon]] [[Smaug]] - agreed to assist, and forcibly enlisted the help of [[Bilbo Baggins]].<ref name="UT-Erebor">{{UT|Erebor}}</ref> As the [[Thorin and Company|Company]] of fifteen (thirteen [[dwarves]] with Gandalf and Bilbo) travelled towards [[Rivendell]] they [[Roast Mutton|encountered three trolls]] - thanks to Gandalf they avoided death whilst managing to gain the two [[Elves|Elvish]] swords [[Glamdring]] and [[Orcrist]], and the dagger [[Sting]]. Out of this quest Bilbo obtained [[Gollum]]'s [[The One Ring|magic ring]].<ref name="H-Riddles">{{H|Riddles}}</ref><br />
[[File:Ted Nasmith - Storming the Bank.jpg|thumb|left|200px|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''Storming the Bank'']]<br />
Following [[Bilbo's Farewell Party|Bilbo's disappearance]] in {{TA|3001}}, Bilbo's "nephew", [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo]], inherited all of Bilbo's possessions, including Bilbo's ring.<ref name="FR-Party">{{FR|Party}}</ref> Bilbo travelled through Eriador, eventually staying with [[Elrond]] in Rivendell, whilst Frodo continued to live in [[Bag End]]. However, by {{TA|3018}}, Frodo, with [[Samwise Gamgee|Sam]], [[Meriadoc Brandybuck|Merry]] and [[Peregrin Took|Pippin]], is forced to set out from [[the Shire]] to head towards Bree in order to deliver what is now known to be [[the One Ring]]; on the way, the [[Hobbits]] encounter the [[Nazgûl|Black Riders]] and [[Barrow-wights]], as well as [[Farmer Maggot]], [[Gildor|Gildor Inglorion]] and [[Tom Bombadil]]. In [[Bree]], the [[Travellers]] met a man called "[[Aragorn|Strider]]", who had been sent to safely escort the hobbits to Rivendell;<ref name="FR-Strider">{{FR|Strider}}</ref> despite being attacked by Black Riders on [[Weathertop]] and again confronted by them at the [[Ford of Bruinen]], they all eventually make it safely to Rivendell. At Rivendell, a [[Council of Elrond|Council]] decides that [[Fellowship of the Ring|a group of nine people]] should go on a quest to destroy the Ring.<ref name="FR-Council" /><br />
<br />
After destroying the [[the One Ring]], witnessing the downfall of [[Sauron]] and the coronation of "Strider" as [[Kings of Gondor|King]] Elessar of [[Gondor]], the four hobbits and Gandalf returned to Eriador.<ref name="RK-Homeward">{{RK|Homeward}}</ref> Gandalf left the hobbits at the [[Old Forest]] - deciding to visit [[Tom Bombadil]] - but when they arrived at the [[Brandywine Bridge]] they saw that [[the Shire]] had been badly affected by [[Saruman]] via his puppet "[[Chief Shirriff|Chief]]" and the use of [[ruffians]]. After breaking many of the new "rules", the four hobbits were escorted to [[Hobbiton]] by a troop of [[Shirriffs]] (including [[Robin Smallburrow]]) where the four hobbits began a rebellion in the form of the successful [[Battle of Bywater]]: the ruffians were killed (as was [[Gríma|Gríma Wormtongue]]) or captured and the [[Shire-hobbits|Shire-folk]] were liberated (at the cost of [[The Roll|19 lives]]).<ref name="RK-Scouring">{{RK|Scouring}}</ref><br />
<br />
Following the [[Battle of Bywater]] and the end of the [[War of the Ring]], Frodo temporarily took the position of Deputy [[Mayor of Michel Delving|Mayor]] whilst Sam used [[Sam's garden box|his gift]] from [[Galadriel]] to replenish the Shire of its lost flora (bringing a [[Mallorn]] tree to the [[Party Field]]).<ref name="RK-Havens">{{RK|Havens}}</ref> On [[21 September|September 21]], {{TA|3021}}, Frodo and Sam set out from [[the Shire]] to meet the [[Last Riding of the Keepers|Last Riding]] of the [[Three Keepers]]: on [[29 September|September 29]] they reached the [[Grey Havens]] where Frodo, Bilbo, Gandalf, Galadriel and [[Elrond]] departed [[Middle-earth]]; the [[Red Book of Westmarch]] was left with Sam.<ref name="App-B4">{{App|Chief}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Fourth Age===<br />
In the year {{SR|1422|n}} of [[Shire Calendar|Shire-reckoning]] the [[Fourth Age]] began following the departure of the [[Ring-bearers]], the defeat of [[Sauron]] and re-establishment of [[Arnor]] in the north and [[Gondor]] in the south. In {{FoA|6}} [[Kings of Arnor|King]] [[Aragorn|Elessar]] of [[Arnor]] makes [[the Shire]] a [[Free Land]] under the protection of the [[Sceptre of Annúminas|Northern Sceptre]] and declares that no [[Men|man]] should ever enter the Shire.<ref name="App-B5">{{App|Later}}</ref> In {{FoA|15}} Elessar stays at [[Lake Evendim]], meeting his friends at [[Brandywine Bridge]]; in {{FoA|31}} he gives the [[Westmarch]] - the area between the [[Far Downs]] and [[Tower Hills]] - to the Shire as well as officially adding [[Buckland]] to the Shire.<ref name="Prologue"/> In {{FoA|61}} [[Samwise Gamgee|Sam]] eventually passed over [[Belegaer|the sea]] and in {{FoA|63}} [[Meriadoc Brandybuck|Merry]] and [[Peregrin Took|Pippin]] leave the Shire and travel south to [[Rohan]] and [[Gondor]].<ref name="App-B5"/><br />
<br />
It is unknown how many, if any, [[Elves]] were left in Eriador during the Fourth Age; presumably very few [[Noldor]], at least.<ref name="RK-Havens"/><br />
<br />
==Inhabitants==<br />
===Free Peoples===<br />
The five [[free peoples]] as reckoned by [[Treebeard]], after the inclusion of [[Hobbits]]:-<br />
<br />
* [[Dwarves]]:<br />
** [[Firebeards]] and [[Broadbeams]] lived in [[Nogrod]] and [[Belegost]], in the east side of the [[Blue Mountains]], throughout the [[Years of the Trees]] and the [[First Age]].<ref>{{PM|Dwarves}}</ref><br />
** [[Longbeards]], including King [[Thráin|Thráin II]] and [[Thorin|Thorin II Oakenshield]], established [[Thorin's Halls]] beyond the [[Lune]] ({{TA|2802}}).<ref name="Folk">{{App|Durin}}</ref><br />
** Dwarves dwelt in the east side of the Blue Mountains, especially in the parts south of the [[Gulf of Lhun]] where they have mines that are still in use.<ref name="Eriador">{{App|Eriador}}</ref> There always remained some Dwarves on the eastern side of the Blue Mountains in days afterwards.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref><br />
* [[Elves]]:<br />
** [[Galadriel]], [[Celeborn]], many [[Noldor]] in their following, together with [[Sindar]] and [[Green-elves]]; dwelt for a while in the country about [[Lake Nenuial]] during the early [[Second Age]].<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref><br />
** [[Nandor]] as a wood-land people ([[First Age]]).<ref name="Silm-Sindar"/><br />
** [[Noldor]] during the [[Second Age]] in [[Eregion]] ({{SA|750}} - {{SA|1697|n}}), [[Lindon]] ({{SA|1}} - {{SA|1701|n}}), and [[Rivendell]] ({{SA|1697}} onwards).<ref name="App-B1"/><ref>{{PM|XNotes}}, #75</ref><br />
** [[Elves of Lindon]] maintained an outpost at the [[Tower Hills]].<ref>{{PM|Atani}}</ref><br />
* [[Ents]]:<br />
** The great wood that once spanned the whole of Eriador (largely deforested by [[Númenóreans]] for ship-building) used to be traversed by Ents (until sometime during [[Second Age]]).<ref name="TT-Treebeard">{{TT|Treebeard}}</ref><br />
* [[Hobbits]]:<br />
** First entered Eriador in around {{TA|1150}}.<ref name="App-B2" /><br />
** In [[Bree-land]] (from c. {{TA|1300}}).<ref name="App-B2" /><br />
** In [[the Shire]] and [[Buckland]] ({{TA|1601}} and {{TA|2340}} onwards, respectively).<ref name="App-B2" /><br />
** In the [[Westmarch]] ({{FoA|31}} onwards).<ref name="App-B5" /><br />
* [[Men]]:<br />
** [[Edain]] and [[Easterlings]] during the [[First Age]] - their descendants stay into the [[Fourth Age]], most living at [[Bree]] and the surrounding [[Bree-land|area]].<ref name="UT-Wife" /><br />
** [[Númenóreans]] in [[Vinyalondë]] and [[Tharbad]] (from around {{SA|800}}).<ref name="UT-Wife" /><br />
** [[Dúnedain]] founding the realm of [[Arnor]] ({{SA|3320}}).<ref name="App-B2" /><br />
** A small population of native [[Middle Men|Men]] maintained a hunter-gatherer culture in the remaining woods of [[Minhiriath]].<ref>{{UT|6d}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Others===<br />
[[File:John Howe - Wolves.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[John Howe]] - ''Wolves'']]<br />
* [[Barrow-wights]]:<br />
** Evil spirits sent by the [[Witch-king]] of [[Angmar]] to inhabit the corpses of the [[Dúnedain]]'s ancestors in the [[Barrow-downs]] (circa {{TA|1636}} onwards).<ref name="App-Eriador"/> <br />
* [[Orcs]]:<br />
** Unknown, but inhabited [[Angmar]] (c. {{TA|1300}} - {{TA|1975|n}});<ref name="App-B2" /><br />
** Blocked passes into Eriador across the [[Misty Mountains]] (from {{TA|2480}});<ref name="App-B2" /><br />
** Began invading Eriador (from {{TA|2740}}) including invading the [[Northfarthing]] ({{TA|2747}}).<ref name="App-B2" /><br />
* [[Tom Bombadil]] and [[Goldberry]]:<br />
** Lived in the [[Old Forest]] - of unknown race. Tom had lived there since anyone could remember.<ref name="FR-Council"/><br />
* [[Trolls]]:<br />
** Lived in the [[Ettenmoors]], to the north-east of Eriador;<ref name="HM-Trolls">{{HM|RC}}, p. 183</ref><br />
** [[Thorin and Company]] encountered three trolls in the area known as [[Trollshaws]] ({{TA|2941}}).<ref name="Hob-Mutton"/><br />
* [[Wolves]]:<br />
** [[Chieftains of the Dúnedain|Chieftain]] [[Aragorn I]] was slain by wolves in Eriador, "''which ever after remained a peril''" ({{TA|2327}}).<ref name="App-Eriador"/><ref name="App-North">{{App|North}}</ref><br />
** [[White Wolves]] invaded Eriador from the north during the [[Fell Winter (Third Age)|Fell Winter]] ({{TA|2911}}).<ref name="App-B2" /><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Transcribed|Tengwar Eriador.png|Eriador|Tengwar, Sindarin mode}}<br />
There are at least two, slightly different, versions of the etymology of ''Eriador'':<br />
#''Eriador'' as [[Sindarin]] (derived from [[Noldorin]]), whose derivation is quoted by [[Carl F. Hostetter]] from an unnamed note dated 1949-53. This explains that ''Eriador'' is derived from ''eryā'', "isolated, lonely" and ''[[Dôr|dor]]'', "land", thereby translating ''Eriador'' as "wilderness".<ref name="VT42">"Letters to VT" in [[Carl F. Hostetter]] (ed.), ''[[Vinyar Tengwar]]'', [[Vinyar Tengwar 42|vol. 42]], July [[2001]], p. 4</ref><br />
#In another manuscript, Tolkien stated that ''Eriador'' was a [[Silvan Elvish]] name, meaning "Lonely land" (deriving from *''eryā'', S ''eir'', ''air'').<ref name="PE17">{{PE|17}}, p. 28</ref><br />
<br />
Both translations are noticeably similar to the "[[Lone-lands]]" mentioned in ''[[The Hobbit]]'';<ref name="Hob-Mutton">{{H|Mutton}}</ref> it is unknown whether they are the same or simply coincidental.<br />
<br />
==In Other Versions of the Legendarium==<br />
In earlier sketches of the [[maps]] of [[Middle-earth]] Eriador is originally called "Forodwaith" - the name which is now applied to the [[Forodwaith (lands)|very cold region]] to the north of [[Middle-earth]].<ref name="Treason">{{TI|MII}}, pp. 305-306</ref><br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
*[[:Category:Images of Eriador|Images of Eriador]]<br />
*[[:Category:Maps of Eriador|Maps of Eriador]]<br />
*''[[Ents, Elves, and Eriador]]''<br />
{{notes}}<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Eriador|*]]<br />
[[Category:Featured Articles]]<br />
[[Category:Regions]]<br />
[[Category:Silvan Elvish Locations]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]<br />
<br />
[[de:Eriador]]<br />
[[fi:Eriador]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo:geographie:regions:eriador]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Finw%C3%AB&diff=304953Finwë2019-06-01T03:35:01Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{noldor infobox<br />
| name=Finwë<br />
| image=[[File:Kimberly - Finwe.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Finwe" by [[:Category:Images by Kimberly|Kimberly]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=''[[Finwë#Other names and titles|Ñoldóran]]''<br />
| titles=[[High King of the Noldor]]<br>[[King of the Noldor]] in [[Valinor]]<br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Tirion]]<br />
| affiliation=<br />
| language=[[Common Eldarin]] and [[Quenya]]<br />
| birth=Between {{YT|1050}} and {{YT|1102|n}}<br />
| birthlocation=[[Cuiviénen]]<br />
| rule={{YT|1102}} - {{YT|1495|n}}<br />
| death={{YT|1495}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Formenos]]<br />
| age=between 445/4,293 and 393/3,765 [[Years of the Sun|years]]<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=Founded the [[House of Finwë]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=[[Míriel|Míriel Serindë]]</br>[[Indis]]<br />
| children=[[Fëanor]] (by Míriel)</br>[[Findis]], [[Fingolfin]], [[Írimë]] and [[Finarfin]] (by Indis)<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=<br />
| hair=Black<br />
| eyes=Bright blue-grey<ref name="Eyes">{{PM|Shibboleth}}, p. 357, note 17</ref><br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}{{Pronounce|Finwe Noldoran.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
<center>{{quote|But Melkor was also there, and he came to the house of Fëanor and there he slew Finwë King of the Noldor before his doors, and spilled the first blood in the Blessed Realm; for Finwë alone had not fled from the horror of the Dark. |''[[The Silmarillion]]'', [[Of the Flight of the Noldor]]}}</center><br />
'''Finwë''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. [[Noldorin|N]] {{IPA|[ˈfinwe]}}, [[Vanyarin|V]] {{IPA|[ˈɸinwe]}}) was the first [[High King of the Noldor]], who led his people on the journey from Middle-earth to [[Valinor]] in the blessed realm of [[Aman]]. He was a great friend of [[Thingol|Elwë]], who would later become the [[King of Doriath]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===Life in Middle-earth===<br />
<br />
The first [[Elves]] awoke in [[Middle-earth]] near the bay of the [[Sea of Helcar]], called [[Cuiviénen]], in {{YT|1050}}<ref name="Annals">{{MR|P2e}}, pp. 71-4</ref>. [[Oromë]], The Huntsman of the [[Valar]], while traveling near the [[Orocarni]] mountains, discovered the Elves and bonded friendship with their kin.<br />
<br />
Later, as the Valar decided to call the first Children of [[Ilúvatar]] in Valinor, regarding this call with suspicion, Oromë selected three elves to follow him into Aman and report back what they have seen, in the hopes that they could assuage the fears which were seeded into the hearts of the elves by [[Morgoth|Melkor]]. The three elven ambassadors were [[Ingwë]], Finwë and [[Thingol|Elwë]], who would later become kings of the three factions into which the elven race was split.<ref name=S3>{{S|3}}</ref><br />
<br />
Enamored by the wonders of Valinor, Finwë and his other two companions returned towards the Middle-earth and attempted to convince their respective peoples to follow them back into Aman. Those who agreed to follow Oromë received the name [[Eldar]]. Among them were Finwë's people, who would eventually become known as the [[Noldor]]. They later became students of [[Aulë]] the Smith.<ref name=S3/> Finwë's eldest son, [[Fëanor]], would become the greatest craftsman among the Elves of Valinor.<ref name=S5/><br />
<br />
===Life in Valinor ===<br />
[[Image:J.R.R. Tolkien - Finwe Heraldic Device.jpg|thumb|125px|Finwë's Heraldic Device]]<br />
Upon arriving in the blessed realm of Aman, Finwë was troubled only by the separation from his friend [[Thingol|Elwë]] who chose to remain in [[Beleriand]]. The Noldor settled on the hill of [[Túna]], raised for them by the Valar and, led by Finwë, they lived in the city of [[Tirion]], which they shared with the [[Vanyar]]. It was during the building of Finwë's house that the masons found the earth-gems from which they crafted countless jewels to be given freely for the enrichment of Valinor. Later, Ingwë and his people left the city of Tirion and Finwë remained the only king to rule in Tirion.<ref name=S5>{{S|5}}</ref><br />
<br />
Finwë's first wife was [[Míriel|Míriel Serindë]], skilled in all things that required fineness. From their love a son was born, [[Fëanor|Curufinwë]], who would later become known as Fëanor. As he was brought into the world, he depleted Míriel's strength and zest for life and she requested to be allowed to rest in the gardens of [[Irmo|Lórien]]. Finwë was deeply saddened by this event. He did not wish to leave the young child without a mother, nor did he want him to be their last. But as his wife explained that what would have nourished many children, was all invested in Fëanor, he had no other choice but to accept her request. And thus Míriel, with [[Manwë]]'s counsel, was placed asleep in Irmo's gardens. Her [[fëa]] eventually departed from her body and she became the first person to die in Aman.<ref name=S6>{{S|6}}</ref><br />
[[File:Steamey - Finwë Mourning Míriel.jpg|thumb|left|Steamey - ''Finwë Mourning Míriel'']]<br />
This was a shocking event for all those present in Valinor, as never one of their own had died of free will. For some time, Finwë lived in sorrow and he often visited Míriel's body, but as his loneliness and lack of joy increased, he stopped seeing her altogether. His entire love now rested with his son, Fëanor, who grew up to be mighty and skilled in all things of hands and mind. He married [[Nerdanel]] and gave Finwë [[Sons of Fëanor|seven grandchildren]].<br />
<br />
But Finwë was not content in living alone and he sought to marry for the second time. His second wife was [[Indis|Indis the Fair]], a golden haired [[Vanya]], whom he loved and rejoiced in. She gave him two sons, [[Fingolfin]] and [[Finarfin]], and two daughters, [[Findis]] and [[Írimë]]<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, ''The names of Finwë's descendants''</ref>. Though he was now blissful again, the shadow of Míriel never left the House, especially since Fëanor opposed his father's second marriage.<br />
<br />
The sons of Finwë never lived together and never shared close bonds. After the later events surrounding the [[Silmarils]] many blamed Finwë and his desire to have a second wife for the dreadful future misfortune of all those of his House. These accusations had no real merit, as Finwë had always loved his eldest son above all others, and the events surrounding his death would prove it.<br />
<br />
===Death===<br />
After three ages of imprisonment, Melkor was released from the duress of [[Halls of Mandos|Mandos]] and, as he gained the trust of the Valar again, he was eventually allowed to roam freely in Valinor.<ref name=S6>{{S|6}}</ref> The treacherous Melkor lusted for the Silmarils, those three great jewels made by the hands of Fëanor, at the might of his skill, and ever he sought a way to steal them. He had sown such lies that all the Noldor began to feel strife and mistrust, against themselves, against the other Elves, and even against the Valar.<br />
<br />
The [[House of Finwë]] was no exception. There were already grounds of argument between his sons, and these events only served to deepen these rifts. Finwë called a council and tried to moderate them towards one another. For the moment, his action seemed to be crowned with success, as Fingolfin bowed before Finwë, both privately and publically, to silence the mistrust and arguments he had in regards to his eldest brother. Soon after that the Valar called Fëanor to answer for his words against them. The stem of the evil was exposed and Melkor's covert actions revealed. However, Fëanor too was sentenced to twelve years of exile, and he removed himself north, to the fortress of [[Formenos]]. Due to the great love he had for his eldest son, Finwë renounced his throne as the King of the Noldor and followed Fëanor into exile.<ref>{{S|Unrest}}</ref><br />
<br />
In his fixation to have the Silmarils for himself, Melkor went as far as to claim them at the gates of Formenos. He was fiercely rejected by Fëanor, while Finwë sent messengers to Manwë. It was during a time of festival, that Melkor returned. All the people of Valinor were engaged in the festivities except Finwë, who, out of devotion for Fëanor and bitterness for his son's exile, chose to remain in Formenos, thus refusing to obey Manwë's call.<ref>{{S|Darkening}}</ref> After Melkor and [[Ungoliant]] destroyed the [[Two Trees of Valinor]], they headed towards Formenos. Alone Finwë had the courage to stand before the horror of the Darkness. There, before the doors of Formenos, the former King of the Noldor had been killed and the first blood was spilled in the realm of Aman. Melkor forcefully entered the fortress and stole the Silmarils, sending the Blessed Realm into darkness and causing the Noldor to depart from Valinor.<ref>{{S|Flight}}</ref><br />
<br />
After his death, Finwë dwelt for a time in the Halls of Mandos where he met Míriel, his first wife. Later, when the Valar agreed that Finwë should be brought back to life, he instead decided not to, thus giving Míriel a chance to be reincarnated.<ref>{{MR|P3II2}}, p. 207</ref><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
<br />
The name ''Finwë'' is said to be one of the oldest recorded names of the Eldar. It is not certain if ''Finwë'' had any clear meaning, but it can be analyzed as ''fin-'' (derived from [[Common Eldarin]] PHIN "hair") + ''[[-wë]]'' (suffix generally used for male names).<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, p. 340</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
The title '''''Ñoldóran''''', "King of the Ñoldor", was an other recorded name of Finwë.<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, p. 343</ref> It is apparently a compound of ''[[Noldo]]'' and ''[[aran]]'' ("king").<ref>{{webcite|website=Arda|author=[[Helge Fauskanger]]|articlename=Quettaparma Quenyallo|articleurl=http://folk.uib.no/hnohf/quen-eng.htm}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Genealogy ==<br />
Finwë had two wives. His first was [[Míriel]], who passed away soon after bearing their only child, [[Fëanor]]. His second wife was [[Indis]], of the [[Vanyar]], who bore him two sons: [[Fingolfin]] and [[Finarfin]], and two daughters: [[Findis]] and [[Írimë]].<br />
<br />
<br><br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|.| | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | UNF |y| UNK | | ING | | | | |ING=[[Ingwë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|UNK=''unknown<br/>mother''|UNF=''unknown<br/>father''}}<br />
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!| | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree | MÍR |y| FIN |y| IND | | | | CHI | | | | |FIN='''FINWË'''</br><small>''d. {{YT|1495}}''</small>|IND=[[Indis]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|MÍR=[[Míriel]]</br><small>''d. {{YT|1170}}''</small>|CHI=''unknown<br/>children''}}<br />
{{familytree | | | |!| | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| |}}<br />
{{familytree | | | FËA | | FND | | FNG | | IRI | | FNR |FËA=[[Fëanor]]</br><small>''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''</small>|FND=[[Findis]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]</br><small>''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''</small>|IRI=[[Írimë]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FNR=[[Finarfin]]</br><small>''b. {{YT|1230}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br><br />
<br />
== Other Versions of the Legendarium ==<br />
<br />
In the first drafts of the genealogy, Finwë had four sons: the youngest was named ''[[Finrun]]'', but he was dropped after that, thus [[Finrod]] (later [[Finarfin]]) was Finwë's youngest son from then on.<br />
<br />
In a later version Finwë had three daughters by [[Indis]], [[Findis]] (as their first child) [[Faniel]] (as their third), and [[Finvain]] (as their youngest).<ref>{{PM|XI}}, p. 359 note 26</ref> In yet later versions, Faniel was apparently dropped, while Findis and Finvain were kept. Finvain (renamed [[Írimë]]) was moved to after Fingolfin, thus Finarfin was once again the youngest child of Finwë. <br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
<br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
|race=noldor<br />
|house=[[House of Finwë]]<br />
|born=Between {{YT|1050}} and {{YT|1102|n}}<br />
|died={{YT|1495}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
|pvac=None<br />
|prev=Position created<br />
|list=[[King of the Noldor]] in [[Valinor]]<br />
|dates={{YT|1102}} – {{YT|1495}}<br />
|next=[[Finarfin]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
|pvac=None<br />
|prev=Position created<br />
|list=[[High King of the Noldor]]<br />
|dates={{YT|1102}} – {{YT|1495}}<br />
|next=[[Fëanor]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Finwe}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:Noldor]]<br />
[[Category:House of Finwë]]<br />
[[Category:Quenya names]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
<br />
[[de:Finwe]]<br />
[[fi:Finwë]]<br />
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/finwe]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Galadriel&diff=304952Galadriel2019-06-01T02:48:21Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{sources}}<br />
{{disambig-more|Galadriel|[[Galadriel (disambiguation)]]}}<br />
{{noldor infobox<br />
| name=Galadriel<br />
| image=[[File:Matt Stewart - Galadriel.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Galadriel" by [[:Category:Images by Matt Stewart|Matt Stewart]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=''[[#Names|Artanis]]'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Father-name|fn]]),<br/>''[[Nerwen]]'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Amilessë|mn]])<br/>''[[Galadriel#Names|Alatáriel]]'' ([[Telerin|T]], [[epessë]])<br />
| titles= Lady of [[Lothlórien]],<br/>Lady of Light,<br/>Lady of the Wood,<br/>Lady of the [[Galadhrim]]<br/>Mistress of Magic<ref>Called thus by [[Faramir (son of Denethor II)|Faramir]] ({{TT|Window}}).</ref><br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Tirion]]; [[Doriath]]; [[Lindon]]; [[Eregion]]; [[Imladris]]; [[Edhellond]]; [[Lothlórien]]<br />
| affiliation=[[White Council]], [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]]<br />
| language=[[Quenya]], [[Sindarin]] and [[Silvan Elvish]]<br />
| birth={{YT|1362}}<ref>{{MR|P2l}}, p. 106</ref><br />
| birthlocation=[[Tirion]]<br />
| rule=<br />
| sailedwest=[[29 September]], {{TA|3021}}<br />
| sailedfrom=[[Grey Havens]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=[[House of Finarfin]]<br />
| parentage=[[Finarfin]] and [[Eärwen]]<br />
| siblings=[[Finrod]], [[Angrod]] and [[Aegnor]]<br />
| spouse=[[Celeborn]]<br />
| children=[[Celebrían]] ([[Amroth]]<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref>, earlier version)<br />
| gender=Female<br />
| height=6 feet, 4 inches (193cm)<ref>{{UT|Measures}}</ref><ref group=note>Quote by J.R.R. Tolkien from the Unfinished Tales, the same section referenced:'' "Thus two rangar was often called 'man-high', which at thirty-eight inches gives an average height of six feet four inches; (1.93 meters) '''but this was at a later date, when the stature of the Dúnedain appears to have decreased'''..."'' (emphasis mine)</ref><br />
| hair=Radiant gold-silver<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=White robes<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
{{quote|Very tall [Galadriel and Celeborn] were, and the Lady no less tall than the Lord; and they were grave and beautiful. They were clad wholly in white; and the hair of the Lady was of deep gold… but no sign of age was upon them, unless it were in the depths of their eyes; for these were keen as lances in the starlight, and yet profound, the wells of deep memory.|''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', "[[The Mirror of Galadriel]]"}}<br />
'''Galadriel''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[ɡaˈladri.el]}}) was a [[Noldo]], one of the [[Calaquendi]], and arguably the most famous and powerful elf of the [[Third Age]]. She was one of the bearers of the [[Three Rings]], of [[Nenya]], and with it kept her realm of [[Lothlórien]] free of stain.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===Life in Aman===<br />
When a fourth child was born to [[Finarfin]], prince of the Noldor, and [[Eärwen]], princess of the [[Falmari|Teleri]], her father named her '''[[Artanis]]''', which is "noble woman". She was unusually tall and strong as she grew, and so Eärwen’s name for her was '''[[Nerwen]]''', "man-maiden". Though the source of her hair colour was from her parents, it was said among the Eldar that her hair had captured the light of the [[Two Trees]] in Valinor, which resulted a unique and dazzling colour of gold and silver.<ref name=Galadriel>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref> According to a legend, this is how [[Fëanor]] conceived the idea of capturing the light of the trees inside the [[Silmarils]]. Despite her mixed blood, she was identified as a princess of the Noldor, as her father was the third son of [[Finwë]], [[High King of the Noldor]].<br />
<br />
During the [[Darkening of Valinor]], she was very independent and visionary. She swore no [[Oath of Fëanor|oaths]], but the words of Fëanor concerning Middle-earth kindled a desire in her heart, as she was eager to see those wide unguarded lands and rule a realm of her own.<br />
During the troubles that followed, even though she participated in the revolt of the Noldor,<ref>{{RGEO|Notes}}</ref> she fought against Fëanor in defence of her mother's kin in the [[Kinslaying of Alqualondë]].<ref name=Galadriel/> Accounts suggest she travelled among the second group led by Fingolfin, which joined the battle at [[Alqualondë]] late and without knowing how it had started. Some of that group had not participated in the killing, although it is not clear who and how many. Dismayed by the Doom of [[Mandos]], her father Finarfin abandoned the march of the Noldor and returned to Valinor. But Galadriel and her brothers crossed the [[Helcaraxë]] in far north and arrived to the northern shores of [[Hither Lands]]<ref name="Sil9">{{S|Flight}}</ref>. <br />
<br />
:See also: ''[[#Other Versions of the Legendarium|Other Versions of the Legendarium]]''.<br />
<br />
===Arrival to Middle-earth===<br />
[[File:Līga Kļaviņa - Love at First Sight.jpg|left|thumb|Līga Kļaviņa - ''Love at First Sight'']]<br />
In [[Beleriand]], Galadriel and her eldest brother [[Finrod Felagund]] came to [[Doriath]] as guests of [[Elu Thingol]], the King of Doriath. It was there she met [[Celeborn]], a kinsman of Thingol, who would become her husband and companion in Middle-earth<ref>{{S|13}}</ref>. When her brother Finrod departed to the [[Caverns of Narog]] to establish the stronghold of [[Nargothrond]], Galadriel did not go with him and remained in Doriath with her husband, though she occasionally visited her brother in Nargothrond.<br />
[[Image:Donato Giancola - Galadriel and the mirror.jpg|right|thumb|[[Donato Giancola]] - ''Galadriel and the mirror'']]<br />
During her days in Doriath, Galadriel became friends with Queen [[Melian]] the [[Maia]], and they spoke often to one another about Valinor.<ref name="Sil15">{{S|15}}</ref> Melian was eager to learn the causes of the [[Exile of the Noldor|Exile of the Noldor]], but Galadriel would tell her nothing of what occurred after the death of the Trees. Eventually, however, as Melian’s guesses became more shrewd and accurate, Galadriel revealed the tale to her, though still leaving out the Oath of Feanor, the Kinslaying and the burning of the Ships at [[Losgar]].<ref name="Sil15"/> Melian was able to discern some of what was left unsaid, and still more came as rumors to Thingol’s ears. At last, egged on by the accusing words of Thingol, [[Angrod]] told all. Galadriel was not expelled from Doriath because of Thingol’s sympathy to the houses of Finarfin and Fingolfin for the wrongs they had suffered. All the same, she went to Nargothrond to live with Finrod for a time.<ref name="Sil15"/> Presumably, she returned to Doriath to live with her husband.<br />
<br />
Galadriel did not have any significant role in the general course of events in the [[War of the Jewels]]. She and Celeborn survived, or even were not present in the [[Sack of Nargothrond|destruction of Nargothrond]] in {{FA|495}} and [[Second Kinslaying|Doriath]] in {{FA|503}}/{{FA|506}}. It is not unlikely that after the destruction of Doriath they went to the [[Havens of Sirion]] along with many survivors of Beleriand (or even with their Telerin kin to the [[Isle of Balar]] with [[Círdan]]). Thus they even survived the [[Third Kinslaying]], and after that, the [[War of Wrath]].<br />
<br />
After the overthrow of Morgoth, a ban was set upon her return to Aman by the Valar, but she was proud and replied that she had no interest in returning.<ref>{{RGEO|Notes}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Second Age===<br />
After the War of Wrath, Galadriel and Celeborn came to [[Lindon]] with the other survivors of Beleriand.<ref>{{App|B1}}</ref>They ruled over the fiefdom of [[Harlindon]], which was composed mostly of [[Sindar]], under the [[Gil-galad|High King Gil-galad]]<ref>{{PM|X}}</ref>. Eventually the couple moved to a new land called [[Eregion]] in far eastwards of Lindon.<ref>{{RGEO|Notes}}</ref> Both Galadriel and [[Celeborn]] crossed into [[Eriador]] with many Noldor in their following, together with [[Sindar]] and [[Green-elves]]; and for a while they dwelt in the country about [[Lake Nenuial]].<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> They departed for [[Eregion]] in {{SA|700}} and arrived there by {{SA|750}}.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> It was ruled by [[Celebrimbor]], a grandson of Fëanor and distant cousin of Galadriel. They dwelt there for a time and Galadriel was probably present during the crafting of the [[Rings of Power]]. Eventually, Galadriel and Celeborn made contact with the [[Nandor]] of [[Amdír]], who dwelt in a forest realm called Lindórinand (Vale of the Land of Singers) across the [[Misty Mountains]]. They crossed the [[Hithaeglir]] through [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]] and relocated to there, becoming great among the [[Silvan Elves|Wood-elves]]. <br />
<br />
Celebrimbor and the jewelsmiths of [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]] collaborated with [[Annatar]] on the great process of making Rings of Power.<ref name="SilV">{{S|V}}</ref> By Annatar’s help, the Elves of Eregion created many rings, but both Celebrimbor and Annatar created greater rings of their own in secret. Celebrimbor wrought the [[Three Rings]] of the Elves, which were far more powerful than the lesser rings. Annatar, however, wrought [[the One Ring]]. When he placed it on his finger, the Elves were aware of his treachery, and took off their rings. Celebrimbor, afraid for his life but even more for the safety of the Three Rings, sent them to two of the [[Wise]]: [[Narya]] and [[Vilya]] for Gil-galad and [[Círdan]], respectively, and [[Nenya]] for Galadriel. Very few even of the Eldar knew who hid each of these Rings. Celebrimbor was slain by [[Sauron]] not long after, and Eregion was laid waste.<ref name="SilV"/> But the Three Rings were safe. [[Image:Angus McBride - Galadriel.gif|thumb|left|250px|[[Angus McBride]] - ''Galadriel'']]<br />
At this time, many Noldor of Sindarin speech migrated to the realm of Amdír, escaping from the destruction of Eregion, and Celeborn fortified it against Sauron's attempts to cross the Anduin. Soon thereafter, the White Council (not to be confused with the first White Council of the Third Age) was held in the newly-found realm of Imladris, where Elrond met and fell in love with Celebrían, the daughter that Galadriel and Celeborn had at some time during the Second Age.<ref name=Galadriel/><br />
<br />
But at some later time, Galadriel and Celeborn together with Celebrían, departed from Imladris and went to the little-inhabited lands between the mouth of the [[Gwathló]] and [[Ethir Anduin]].<ref name=Galadriel/> There they dwelt in Belfalas, at [[Edhellond]],<ref name=Galadriel/> near the place that was afterwards called [[Dol Amroth]]; and their company was swelled by [[Silvan Elves]] from Lórinand.<ref name=Galadriel/><br />
<br />
In time [[Amdír]], King of Lindórinand, was slain in the [[Battle of Dagorlad]] during the [[War of the Last Alliance]]. Celeborn may have participated in the war, but the greatest effect it had on the twain was the destruction of [[Sauron]] and the loss of [[the One Ring]]. Galadriel was now free to use her ring.<br />
<br />
===Third Age===<br />
When King [[Amroth]] son of Amdír perished, Celeborn and Galadriel ruled Lindórinand jointly, and were called the [[Lord and Lady of Galadhrim]]. Galadriel planted the [[mallorn]] seeds brought with her from Lindon, the only mallorn east of the Sea, and afterwards the realm was called Lórinand (Valley of Gold) and Laurelindórinand (Valley of the Singing Gold), which through some transformations turned into the later name of [[Lothlórien]] or Lórien. They established [[Caras Galadhon]], and the realm of Lothlórien was one of light and life. With [[Nenya]], the Ring of Water, Galadriel made the realm of Lórien even greater. With the power of her ring, she protected it from the intrusion of evils throughout the Third Age.It was during their days of power and glory in Lothlórien that Celebrían, their only child, married [[Elrond]], a close friend of Galadriel’s and bearer of [[Vilya]] after the death of Gil-galad during the Alliance. Celeborn and Galadriel had three grandchildren by her, one of whom, [[Arwen]], they were especially close to. But Celebrían was waylaid and tortured by [[Orcs]] in {{TA|2509}}, and passed West over the sea.<br />
<br />
In {{TA|2463}} the [[White Council]] was formed. Galadriel, being one of the [[Wise]] and the greatest threat to Sauron alive, was one of the members.<ref name="SilV"/> Celeborn may have been as well, but this is not known for sure. She was a good friend of [[Gandalf]], and recommended that he be made head of the Council. But this distinction fell instead to [[Saruman]], whom she distrusted. Sometime before the Quest for the Lonely Mountain, the White Council began to notice a dark shadow arising in Mirkwood. When Gandalf later discovered it to be Sauron, he urged the council to drive him out. After deliberating, the council acted and Galadriel assisted them in driving Sauron out of Dol Guldur in the year 2941 of the Third Age.<br />
<br />
[[Image:Billy Mosig - The Mirror of Galadriel.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Billy Mosig]] - ''The Mirror of Galadriel'']]During the [[War of the Ring]], Galadriel met the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] in {{TA|3019}}. She especially was attentive to the [[Hobbits|Hobbit]] [[Frodo Baggins]], who was the bearer of [[the One Ring]]. She showed him Nenya, and let him gaze into her [[Mirror of Galadriel|mirror]] of seeing. He offered her the One Ring, and despite the extreme temptation, she resisted it successfully. She sent the Fellowship off on their quest furnished with [[Gifts_of_Galadriel|gifts]]. The two most important gifts she gave were to [[Aragorn]], whom she knew well and liked, and a [[Dwarves|dwarf]] named [[Gimli]]. To Aragorn she gave the [[Elfstone]], which she and her daughter Celebrían had worn. This jewel was created for her by Celebrimbor in Eregion, in remembrance of the first Elfstone, that was now lost.<ref name=Galadriel/> She was unsure as to what to give Gimli, and asked what he wanted. After complimenting her beauty, he requested a single strand of her hair. Galadriel remembered the posing of a similar question by Fëanor, but had searched Gimli’s heart and knew that his intentions were pure. She rewarded him with three strands, which he was later to put into an imperishable crystal in memory of her.<br />
<br />
Not long after the departure of the Fellowship she received the resurrected Gandalf. She reclothed and refurnished him, giving him a new staff. After Gandalf left, Lothlórien was subjected to three successive attacks by armies coming out of [[Dol Guldur]]. By the power of her Ring they were thrice repulsed. Celeborn then led [[Fall of Dol Guldur|an attack on Dol Guldur]] itself. Once the dark fortress was in the hands of the Galadhrim, Galadriel came, threw down its walls, and purified it of its evil. It was her last act of power, for the One Ring was destroyed, and the strength of Nenya waned and eventually vanished almost completely.<br />
<br />
===Return to Valinor===<br />
Galadriel attended the wedding of Aragorn with Arwen, then returned to Lothlórien. But in {{TA|3021}}, two years later, she bade farewell to Celeborn her husband and went West to Valinor. With her went the other two bearers of the Rings, Gandalf and Elrond, and Frodo and Bilbo Baggins who had borne the One Ring. They passed West, and came never again to Middle-earth. There in Valinor Galadriel must have tried to heal Frodo of his spiritual wounds.{{fact}} Whether she was successful or not is unknown. But sometime later during the [[Fourth Age]] she received Celeborn{{fact}}, her husband. And in {{FoA|120}}, it is said, she received Gimli her admirer, who was the first and only dwarf to enter Valinor.<br />
<br />
==Characteristics==<br />
Galadriel was very beautiful, her hair being the most notable feature about her. It reminded the Eldar of the light of the [[Two Trees]].<ref name=Galadriel/> Galadriel, at least in her earlier years, was of a somewhat proud and rebellious nature. She was free-spirited, and during her time in Aman had many dreams of wide unexplored lands. In her early youth, she was very willful and of an "Amazon" disposition; and bound up her hair as a crown when taking part in athletic feats.<ref>{{L|348}}</ref> Her favorite brother was Finrod, for he, too, shared this vision. She could explore the minds and hearts of others, and her gaze was seeing. It may be because of her unusual beauty and power that she became proud.<br />
<br />
But by the Third Age she is also seen to act with wisdom and gentleness. In ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', she appears very gentle, firm, and wise. She was revered even more than Celeborn by the Galadhrim and all who met her.<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Galadriel.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
''[[Galadriel]]'' is a [[Sindarin]] name translated by [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] as "glittering garland",<ref>{{L|345}}, p. 423</ref> "Maiden crowned with gleaming hair",<ref>{{L|348}}, p. 428</ref> and "maiden crowned with a radiant garland".<ref name=SApp>{{S|Appendix}}</ref><ref>{{HM|RC}}, pp. 44-45</ref> It has been suggested that ''Galadriel'' consists of ''[[galad]]'' ("light, radiance") + ''[[rî]]'' ("crown") + ''[[iell]]'' ("daughter").<ref>{{webcite|articleurl=http://www.tolkiendil.com/langues/english/i-lam_arth/compound_sindarin_names#g|articlename=Compound Sindarin Names|website= [http://www.tolkiendil.com/ Tolkiendil.com]}}</ref> Tolkien notes that the element ''galad'' had no relation to Sindarin ''[[galadh]]'' ("tree", or Silvan ''galad'' "tree"), but that such a connexion often was made and her name then was pronounced ''Galadhriel''.<ref name=SApp/><ref>{{MR|P3I5}}, p. 182 (commentary to §42)</ref><br />
<br />
==Names==<br />
<br />
'''''Alatáriel''''' was the [[Telerin]] [[Quenya]] name given to Galadriel by [[Celeborn]], meaning "Maiden Crowned with Radiant Garland", which referred to her hair.<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, ''The names of Finwë's descendants'', p. 347</ref><br />
<br />
At the time of her birth, [[Finarfin]] named his only daughter ''[[Artanis]]''. '''''Artanis''''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈartanis]}}, stem ''Artaniss-'') was Galadriel's [[father-name]]: it means "Noble Woman" in [[Quenya]] from ''[[arta]]'' and ''[[nís]]''.<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, ''The names of the Sons of Fëanor with the legend of the fate of Amrod'', p. 354</ref><ref>{{MR|P3II}}, p. 213</ref><br />
<br />
'''Nerwen''' is the [[Amilessë|mother-name]] of the [[Elves|elf]] [[Galadriel]].<br />
<br />
According to the custom of the Elves, her mother, [[Eärwen]], waited a while to give her daughter a name. Due to Artanis's height and her great strength of body and will, Eärwen chose the name '''''Nerwen''''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈnerwen]}}), meaning 'man-maiden'. In the end, however, their daughter used neither her [[father-name]] nor her mother-name, and instead took the name by which she is known to history: [[Galadriel]].<br />
<br />
The name “Galadriel was chosen by Artanis (’noble woman’) to be her Sindarin name, for it was the most beautiful of her names, and, chose as an epessë [after name or ‘nickname’], had been given to her by her lover, Teleporno of the Teleri, whom she wedded later in Beleriand.”<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}</ref><ref group="note">Teleporno was the Teleri-styled named for Lord Celeborn: "“It is only of course in the late version that Celeborn appears with a High-elven, rather than Sindarin, name: Teleporno." {{UT|6e}}</ref> <br />
<br />
'''''Galadhriel''''' was a name occasionally, and incorrectly, used of [[Galadriel]] after she became [[Lady of Lórien]], and meaning 'tree-garland'. As the [[Lady of the Galadhrim]], whose capital was at [[Caras Galadhon]], it is perhaps understandable that her name should have become confused with the [[Elvish]] word galadh, meaning 'tree'. Nonetheless, this usage was mistaken — her true name ''Galadriel'' actually derived from the word ''galad'' ("radiant"), and the false variant ''Galadhriel'' was never used in her own country of [[Lórien in Middle-earth|Lórien]].<ref>{{S|Appendix}}, ''kal-''</ref><br />
<br />
==Other Versions of the Legendarium==<br />
<br />
There is a bit of befuddlement and confusion in the story of Galadriel, which [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] revised multiple times. Some of the points that were revised often are the role of Galadriel in the rebellion of the Noldor, the reason why she remained in Middle-earth, and the time at which she met Celeborn. <br />
<br />
In the notes to ''The Road Goes Ever On'' and in the published ''[[The Silmarillion|Silmarillion]]'', Galadriel was one of the leaders of the revolt and followed Fëanor into Exile.<ref name="Sil9"/> She couldn't return to Valinor because a ban was set against her, and she met Celeborn in Doriath, who was one of the Sindar. This is the only version of her story that was published by Tolkien during his lifetime. <br />
<br />
However, there are two late essays written by Tolkien after ''The Road Goes Ever On'' and published in ''Unfinished Tales'' that contradict this. In one of them, though Galadriel revolts along with the other Noldor, she's offered the pardon of the Valar, but refuses to return to Aman nonetheless. <br />
<br />
In the other, later essay, Galadriel has no participation at all in the rebellion of the Noldor, but sails on her own ship to Middle-earth. She would have been allowed to sail to Middle-earth by the Valar in normal conditions, but since she did it during the disturbance of Valinor, she fell under the Doom of Mandos all the same.<br />
<br />
In both essays, she met Celeborn in Aman. He was called in Quenya ''Teleporno'', and was a young Telerin prince, probably the son or grandson of [[Olwë]] (which would make him Artanis’s uncle or cousin)*. They eventually fell in love, and he called her in his own Telerin tongue [[Alatáriel]] (later [[Sindarization|Sindarinized]] as Galadriel and semi-[[Quenya|Quenyarized]] as [[Altáriel]]). <br />
It's unknown whether Tolkien would have gone ahead with this revision (possibly making a new edition of ''The Road Goes Ever On''), or if he would have felt bound by the published version. <br />
<br />
Another point that was revised, was the time at which Galadriel passed over the mountains of Ered Luin to enter Eriador. In ''The Fellowship of the Ring'', she says that she passed over the mountains before the fall of Nargothrond and Gondolin, yet in Appendix B of The Lord of the Rings it's said that at the beginning of the Second Age she was still dwelling in Lindon, before passing over the mountains. This contradiction in the same work must have been due to a mistake during revision.<br />
<br />
Besides this, the earlier version of the story of Amroth given in [[Unfinished Tales]], says that Galadriel and Celeborn had two children, of which one was [[Amroth]].<ref name=Galadriel/><br />
<br />
== Genealogy ==<br />
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;"><br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| MIR |y|~|~|~|~|~|~| FIN |y| IND | | | | | | | | OLW | | | | | | | |MIR=[[Míriel]]</br><small>''d. {{YT|1170}}''</small>|FIN=[[Finwë]]</br><small>''d. {{YT|1495}}''</small>|IND=[[Indis]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|OLW=[[Olwë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | FEA | | FDS | | FNG | | IRM | | FRF |y| EAW | | SON | | | | | |FEA=[[Fëanor]]</br><small>''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''</small>|FDS=[[Findis]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]</br><small>''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''</small>|IRM=[[Írimë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FRF=[[Finarfin]]</br><small>''b. {{YT|1230}}''</small>|EAW=[[Eärwen]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|SON=''unknown sons''}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|v|-|-|.| | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | FRD | | ANG |y| ELD | | AEG | | GAL |y| CEL |FRD=[[Finrod]]</br><small>''{{YT|1300}} - {{FA|465}}''</small>|ANG=[[Angrod]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|455}}''</small>|AEG=[[Aegnor]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|455}}''</small>|GAL='''GALADRIEL'''</br><small>''b. {{YT|1362}}''</small>|ELD=[[Eldalótë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|CEL=[[Celeborn]]</br><small>''b. {{FA}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ORO | | | | | | ELR |y| CLB | | |ORO=[[Orodreth]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|495}}''</small>|CLB=[[Celebrían]]</br><small>''b. {{SA}}''</small>|ELR=[[Elrond]]</br><small>''b. {{FA|532}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | GIL | | FIL | | ELL | | ELO | | ARW |GIL=[[Gil-galad]]</br><small>''d. {{SA|3441}}''</small>|FIL=[[Finduilas]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|495}}''</small>|ELL=[[Elladan]]</br><small>''b. {{TA|130}}''</small>|ELO=[[Elrohir]]</br><small>''b. {{TA|130}}''</small>|ARW=[[Arwen]]</br><small>''{{TA|241}} - {{FoA|121}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
<gallery> <br />
File:The Lord of the Rings (1978 film) - Galadriel.jpg|Galadriel as portrayed in [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]<br />
File:The Lord of the Rings (film series) - Galadriel.jpg|[[Cate Blanchett]] as Galadriel in [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]<br />
File:The Lord of the Rings - The Fellowship of the Ring (video game) - Galadriel.JPG|Galadriel as portrayed in [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|Vivendi's ''The Fellowship of the Ring'']]<br />
File:Galadriel.jpg|Galadriel in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
File:The Hobbit - An Unexpected Journey - Galadriel.jpg|[[Cate Blanchett]] as Galadriel in [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]<br />
</gallery> <br />
<br />
'''1978: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]:'''<br />
:Galadriel is voiced by [[Annette Crosbie]].<br />
<br />
'''1981: [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:The voice of Galadriel is provided by [[Marian Diamond]]. In addition to the Lothlórien episodes, the voice of Galadriel is heard in Shelob's Lair as a reminder to use the phial, and she appears with Elrond in the final episode in the Shire, as they journey towards the Grey Havens.<br />
<br />
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Galadriel is played by [[Cate Blanchett]]. Galadriel narrates the Prologue, explaining the creation of the Rings of Power and the War of the Last Alliance. Earlier plans considered were to have either Frodo or Gandalf narrate the Prologue, but this was dropped: Frodo was not alive until thousands of years after these events happened, and although Gandalf was alive, he was not present in Middle-earth at the time; the Wizards came some one thousand years after the Prologue ends. Thus Galadriel narrates the Prologue, because she had first-hand accounts of this history and actively participated in its events. <br />
<br />
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:Galadriel, voiced by [[Jennifer Hale]], is the narrator of the Prologue and the Epilogue, and appears in Lothlórien.<br />
<br />
'''2002: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers]]'':'''<br />
:Galadriel frequently consults telepathically with Elrond; there is an indication from the books{{fact}} that the two were able to communicate in some way, without specific reference. In the film, unlike the book, [[Galadriel]] and [[Elrond]] send an army of [[Elves]] - led by [[Haldir]] - to [[Battle of the Hornburg|Helm's Deep]] to aid the [[Rohirrim]]. In the DVD commentary, [[Peter Jackson]] and his fellow writers explain that they worried audiences would wonder why the Elves don't seem to be helping in the war, while at the same time, they felt that actually inserting an entire separate battle scene at Lothlórien would take up too much screentime and resources. <br />
<br />
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'':'''<br />
:A spiritual apparition of Lady Galadriel appears to provide Frodo strength following his passage through Shelob's Lair, soon after he uses the Phial that she gave him. She is later seen leaving Middle-Earth along with other Ring-Bearers, but in film version her husband Celeborn departs with her at the same time.<br />
<br />
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''<br />
:Galadriel is the strongest of "Hero" units available to the Free Peoples. If a player's army manages to spot [[Gollum]] on the battlefield, take The One Ring from him and deliver it to their forces, the option to "summon" Galadriel unlocks for a large amount of resources. Thus, Lady Galadriel is represented as succumbing to corruption of The Ring, similar to the respective scene in the ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'' movie.<br />
<br />
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:Galadriel is a non-playable character, who narrates cutscenes and instances throughout the second Volume of the Epic story. Introduced in [[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria]] Book VI: [[The Shadowy Abyss]], she usually resides on a [[talan]] at [[Caras Galadhon]].<br />
<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
:Cate Blanchett reprised her role as Galadriel, although the character itself is absent from the novel.<ref name="PJCasting">{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150168211921558|articlename=Production begins in New Zealand on The Hobbit|dated=20-March-2011|website=[http://www.facebook.com/ Facebook]|accessed=23-Dec-2011}}</ref> She appears as part of the [[White Council]] alongside [[Saruman]], [[Gandalf]] and [[Elrond]]. Later, she telepathically urges Gandalf to further seek the true identity of the [[Sauron#Sauron's Return|Necromancer]]. Finally, during the [[attack on Dol Guldur]], Galadriel plays a larger role. She first rescues Gandalf from captivity, and is ultimately the one to drive Sauron from the fortress using her [[Phial of Galadriel|phial]].<br />
<br />
'''2014: [[Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor]]:'''<br />
:Galadriel is featured in the game, although she is a non-playable character.<br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
* [[:Category:Images of Galadriel|Images of Galadriel]]<br />
{{references|notes}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:House of Finarfin]]<br />
[[Category:Second Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin names]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Galadriel]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/galadriel]]<br />
[[fi:Galadriel]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Galadriel&diff=304951Galadriel2019-06-01T02:39:30Z<p>Christolk: /* Second Age */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{sources}}<br />
{{disambig-more|Galadriel|[[Galadriel (disambiguation)]]}}<br />
{{noldor infobox<br />
| name=Galadriel<br />
| image=[[File:Matt Stewart - Galadriel.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Galadriel" by [[:Category:Images by Matt Stewart|Matt Stewart]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=''[[#Names|Artanis]]'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Father-name|fn]]),<br/>''[[Nerwen]]'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Amilessë|mn]])<br/>''[[Galadriel#Names|Alatáriel]]'' ([[Telerin|T]], [[epessë]])<br />
| titles= Lady of [[Lothlórien]],<br/>Lady of Light,<br/>Lady of the Wood,<br/>Lady of the [[Galadhrim]]<br/>Mistress of Magic<ref>Called thus by [[Faramir (son of Denethor II)|Faramir]] ({{TT|Window}}).</ref><br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Tirion]]; [[Doriath]]; [[Lindon]]; [[Eregion]]; [[Lothlórien]]<br />
| affiliation=[[White Council]]<br />
| language=[[Quenya]], [[Sindarin]] and [[Silvan Elvish]]<br />
| birth={{YT|1362}}<ref>{{MR|P2l}}, p. 106</ref><br />
| birthlocation=[[Tirion]]<br />
| rule=<br />
| sailedwest=[[29 September]], {{TA|3021}}<br />
| sailedfrom=[[Grey Havens]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=[[House of Finarfin]]<br />
| parentage=[[Finarfin]] and [[Eärwen]]<br />
| siblings=[[Finrod]], [[Angrod]] and [[Aegnor]]<br />
| spouse=[[Celeborn]]<br />
| children=[[Celebrían]] ([[Amroth]]<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref>, earlier version)<br />
| gender=Female<br />
| height=6 feet, 4 inches (193cm)<ref>{{UT|Measures}}</ref><ref group=note>Quote by J.R.R. Tolkien from the Unfinished Tales, the same section referenced:'' "Thus two rangar was often called 'man-high', which at thirty-eight inches gives an average height of six feet four inches; (1.93 meters) '''but this was at a later date, when the stature of the Dúnedain appears to have decreased'''..."'' (emphasis mine)</ref><br />
| hair=Radiant gold-silver<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=White robes<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
{{quote|Very tall [Galadriel and Celeborn] were, and the Lady no less tall than the Lord; and they were grave and beautiful. They were clad wholly in white; and the hair of the Lady was of deep gold… but no sign of age was upon them, unless it were in the depths of their eyes; for these were keen as lances in the starlight, and yet profound, the wells of deep memory.|''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', "[[The Mirror of Galadriel]]"}}<br />
'''Galadriel''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[ɡaˈladri.el]}}) was a [[Noldo]], one of the [[Calaquendi]], and arguably the most famous and powerful elf of the [[Third Age]]. She was one of the bearers of the [[Three Rings]], of [[Nenya]], and with it kept her realm of [[Lothlórien]] free of stain.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===Life in Aman===<br />
When a fourth child was born to [[Finarfin]], prince of the Noldor, and [[Eärwen]], princess of the [[Falmari|Teleri]], her father named her '''[[Artanis]]''', which is "noble woman". She was unusually tall and strong as she grew, and so Eärwen’s name for her was '''[[Nerwen]]''', "man-maiden". Though the source of her hair colour was from her parents, it was said among the Eldar that her hair had captured the light of the [[Two Trees]] in Valinor, which resulted a unique and dazzling colour of gold and silver.<ref name=Galadriel>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref> According to a legend, this is how [[Fëanor]] conceived the idea of capturing the light of the trees inside the [[Silmarils]]. Despite her mixed blood, she was identified as a princess of the Noldor, as her father was the third son of [[Finwë]], [[High King of the Noldor]].<br />
<br />
During the [[Darkening of Valinor]], she was very independent and visionary. She swore no [[Oath of Fëanor|oaths]], but the words of Fëanor concerning Middle-earth kindled a desire in her heart, as she was eager to see those wide unguarded lands and rule a realm of her own.<br />
During the troubles that followed, even though she participated in the revolt of the Noldor,<ref>{{RGEO|Notes}}</ref> she fought against Fëanor in defence of her mother's kin in the [[Kinslaying of Alqualondë]].<ref name=Galadriel/> Accounts suggest she travelled among the second group led by Fingolfin, which joined the battle at [[Alqualondë]] late and without knowing how it had started. Some of that group had not participated in the killing, although it is not clear who and how many. Dismayed by the Doom of [[Mandos]], her father Finarfin abandoned the march of the Noldor and returned to Valinor. But Galadriel and her brothers crossed the [[Helcaraxë]] in far north and arrived to the northern shores of [[Hither Lands]]<ref name="Sil9">{{S|Flight}}</ref>. <br />
<br />
:See also: ''[[#Other Versions of the Legendarium|Other Versions of the Legendarium]]''.<br />
<br />
===Arrival to Middle-earth===<br />
[[File:Līga Kļaviņa - Love at First Sight.jpg|left|thumb|Līga Kļaviņa - ''Love at First Sight'']]<br />
In [[Beleriand]], Galadriel and her eldest brother [[Finrod Felagund]] came to [[Doriath]] as guests of [[Elu Thingol]], the King of Doriath. It was there she met [[Celeborn]], a kinsman of Thingol, who would become her husband and companion in Middle-earth<ref>{{S|13}}</ref>. When her brother Finrod departed to the [[Caverns of Narog]] to establish the stronghold of [[Nargothrond]], Galadriel did not go with him and remained in Doriath with her husband, though she occasionally visited her brother in Nargothrond.<br />
[[Image:Donato Giancola - Galadriel and the mirror.jpg|right|thumb|[[Donato Giancola]] - ''Galadriel and the mirror'']]<br />
During her days in Doriath, Galadriel became friends with Queen [[Melian]] the [[Maia]], and they spoke often to one another about Valinor.<ref name="Sil15">{{S|15}}</ref> Melian was eager to learn the causes of the [[Exile of the Noldor|Exile of the Noldor]], but Galadriel would tell her nothing of what occurred after the death of the Trees. Eventually, however, as Melian’s guesses became more shrewd and accurate, Galadriel revealed the tale to her, though still leaving out the Oath of Feanor, the Kinslaying and the burning of the Ships at [[Losgar]].<ref name="Sil15"/> Melian was able to discern some of what was left unsaid, and still more came as rumors to Thingol’s ears. At last, egged on by the accusing words of Thingol, [[Angrod]] told all. Galadriel was not expelled from Doriath because of Thingol’s sympathy to the houses of Finarfin and Fingolfin for the wrongs they had suffered. All the same, she went to Nargothrond to live with Finrod for a time.<ref name="Sil15"/> Presumably, she returned to Doriath to live with her husband.<br />
<br />
Galadriel did not have any significant role in the general course of events in the [[War of the Jewels]]. She and Celeborn survived, or even were not present in the [[Sack of Nargothrond|destruction of Nargothrond]] in {{FA|495}} and [[Second Kinslaying|Doriath]] in {{FA|503}}/{{FA|506}}. It is not unlikely that after the destruction of Doriath they went to the [[Havens of Sirion]] along with many survivors of Beleriand (or even with their Telerin kin to the [[Isle of Balar]] with [[Círdan]]). Thus they even survived the [[Third Kinslaying]], and after that, the [[War of Wrath]].<br />
<br />
After the overthrow of Morgoth, a ban was set upon her return to Aman by the Valar, but she was proud and replied that she had no interest in returning.<ref>{{RGEO|Notes}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Second Age===<br />
After the War of Wrath, Galadriel and Celeborn came to [[Lindon]] with the other survivors of Beleriand.<ref>{{App|B1}}</ref>They ruled over the fiefdom of [[Harlindon]], which was composed mostly of [[Sindar]], under the [[Gil-galad|High King Gil-galad]]<ref>{{PM|X}}</ref>. Eventually the couple moved to a new land called [[Eregion]] in far eastwards of Lindon.<ref>{{RGEO|Notes}}</ref> Both Galadriel and [[Celeborn]] crossed into [[Eriador]] with many Noldor in their following, together with [[Sindar]] and [[Green-elves]]; and for a while they dwelt in the country about [[Lake Nenuial]].<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> They departed for [[Eregion]] in {{SA|700}} and arrived there by {{SA|750}}.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> It was ruled by [[Celebrimbor]], a grandson of Fëanor and distant cousin of Galadriel. They dwelt there for a time and Galadriel was probably present during the crafting of the [[Rings of Power]]. Eventually, Galadriel and Celeborn made contact with the [[Nandor]] of [[Amdír]], who dwelt in a forest realm called Lindórinand (Vale of the Land of Singers) across the [[Misty Mountains]]. They crossed the [[Hithaeglir]] through [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]] and relocated to there, becoming great among the [[Silvan Elves|Wood-elves]]. <br />
<br />
Celebrimbor and the jewelsmiths of [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]] collaborated with [[Annatar]] on the great process of making Rings of Power.<ref name="SilV">{{S|V}}</ref> By Annatar’s help, the Elves of Eregion created many rings, but both Celebrimbor and Annatar created greater rings of their own in secret. Celebrimbor wrought the [[Three Rings]] of the Elves, which were far more powerful than the lesser rings. Annatar, however, wrought [[the One Ring]]. When he placed it on his finger, the Elves were aware of his treachery, and took off their rings. Celebrimbor, afraid for his life but even more for the safety of the Three Rings, sent them to two of the [[Wise]]: [[Narya]] and [[Vilya]] for Gil-galad and [[Círdan]], respectively, and [[Nenya]] for Galadriel. Very few even of the Eldar knew who hid each of these Rings. Celebrimbor was slain by [[Sauron]] not long after, and Eregion was laid waste.<ref name="SilV"/> But the Three Rings were safe. [[Image:Angus McBride - Galadriel.gif|thumb|left|250px|[[Angus McBride]] - ''Galadriel'']]<br />
At this time, many Noldor of Sindarin speech migrated to the realm of Amdír, escaping from the destruction of Eregion, and Celeborn fortified it against Sauron's attempts to cross the Anduin. Soon thereafter, the White Council (not to be confused with the first White Council of the Third Age) was held in the newly-found realm of Imladris, where Elrond met and fell in love with Celebrían, the daughter that Galadriel and Celeborn had at some time during the Second Age.<ref name=Galadriel/><br />
<br />
But at some later time, Galadriel and Celeborn together with Celebrían, departed from Imladris and went to the little-inhabited lands between the mouth of the [[Gwathló]] and [[Ethir Anduin]].<ref name=Galadriel/> There they dwelt in Belfalas, at [[Edhellond]],<ref name=Galadriel/> near the place that was afterwards called [[Dol Amroth]]; and their company was swelled by [[Silvan Elves]] from Lórinand.<ref name=Galadriel/><br />
<br />
In time [[Amdír]], King of Lindórinand, was slain in the [[Battle of Dagorlad]] during the [[War of the Last Alliance]]. Celeborn may have participated in the war, but the greatest effect it had on the twain was the destruction of [[Sauron]] and the loss of [[the One Ring]]. Galadriel was now free to use her ring.<br />
<br />
===Third Age===<br />
When King [[Amroth]] son of Amdír perished, Celeborn and Galadriel ruled Lindórinand jointly, and were called the [[Lord and Lady of Galadhrim]]. Galadriel planted the [[mallorn]] seeds brought with her from Lindon, the only mallorn east of the Sea, and afterwards the realm was called Lórinand (Valley of Gold) and Laurelindórinand (Valley of the Singing Gold), which through some transformations turned into the later name of [[Lothlórien]] or Lórien. They established [[Caras Galadhon]], and the realm of Lothlórien was one of light and life. With [[Nenya]], the Ring of Water, Galadriel made the realm of Lórien even greater. With the power of her ring, she protected it from the intrusion of evils throughout the Third Age.It was during their days of power and glory in Lothlórien that Celebrían, their only child, married [[Elrond]], a close friend of Galadriel’s and bearer of [[Vilya]] after the death of Gil-galad during the Alliance. Celeborn and Galadriel had three grandchildren by her, one of whom, [[Arwen]], they were especially close to. But Celebrían was waylaid and tortured by [[Orcs]] in {{TA|2509}}, and passed West over the sea.<br />
<br />
In {{TA|2463}} the [[White Council]] was formed. Galadriel, being one of the [[Wise]] and the greatest threat to Sauron alive, was one of the members.<ref name="SilV"/> Celeborn may have been as well, but this is not known for sure. She was a good friend of [[Gandalf]], and recommended that he be made head of the Council. But this distinction fell instead to [[Saruman]], whom she distrusted. Sometime before the Quest for the Lonely Mountain, the White Council began to notice a dark shadow arising in Mirkwood. When Gandalf later discovered it to be Sauron, he urged the council to drive him out. After deliberating, the council acted and Galadriel assisted them in driving Sauron out of Dol Guldur in the year 2941 of the Third Age.<br />
<br />
[[Image:Billy Mosig - The Mirror of Galadriel.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Billy Mosig]] - ''The Mirror of Galadriel'']]During the [[War of the Ring]], Galadriel met the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] in {{TA|3019}}. She especially was attentive to the [[Hobbits|Hobbit]] [[Frodo Baggins]], who was the bearer of [[the One Ring]]. She showed him Nenya, and let him gaze into her [[Mirror of Galadriel|mirror]] of seeing. He offered her the One Ring, and despite the extreme temptation, she resisted it successfully. She sent the Fellowship off on their quest furnished with [[Gifts_of_Galadriel|gifts]]. The two most important gifts she gave were to [[Aragorn]], whom she knew well and liked, and a [[Dwarves|dwarf]] named [[Gimli]]. To Aragorn she gave the [[Elfstone]], which she and her daughter Celebrían had worn. This jewel was created for her by Celebrimbor in Eregion, in remembrance of the first Elfstone, that was now lost.<ref name=Galadriel/> She was unsure as to what to give Gimli, and asked what he wanted. After complimenting her beauty, he requested a single strand of her hair. Galadriel remembered the posing of a similar question by Fëanor, but had searched Gimli’s heart and knew that his intentions were pure. She rewarded him with three strands, which he was later to put into an imperishable crystal in memory of her.<br />
<br />
Not long after the departure of the Fellowship she received the resurrected Gandalf. She reclothed and refurnished him, giving him a new staff. After Gandalf left, Lothlórien was subjected to three successive attacks by armies coming out of [[Dol Guldur]]. By the power of her Ring they were thrice repulsed. Celeborn then led [[Fall of Dol Guldur|an attack on Dol Guldur]] itself. Once the dark fortress was in the hands of the Galadhrim, Galadriel came, threw down its walls, and purified it of its evil. It was her last act of power, for the One Ring was destroyed, and the strength of Nenya waned and eventually vanished almost completely.<br />
<br />
===Return to Valinor===<br />
Galadriel attended the wedding of Aragorn with Arwen, then returned to Lothlórien. But in {{TA|3021}}, two years later, she bade farewell to Celeborn her husband and went West to Valinor. With her went the other two bearers of the Rings, Gandalf and Elrond, and Frodo and Bilbo Baggins who had borne the One Ring. They passed West, and came never again to Middle-earth. There in Valinor Galadriel must have tried to heal Frodo of his spiritual wounds.{{fact}} Whether she was successful or not is unknown. But sometime later during the [[Fourth Age]] she received Celeborn{{fact}}, her husband. And in {{FoA|120}}, it is said, she received Gimli her admirer, who was the first and only dwarf to enter Valinor.<br />
<br />
==Characteristics==<br />
Galadriel was very beautiful, her hair being the most notable feature about her. It reminded the Eldar of the light of the [[Two Trees]].<ref name=Galadriel/> Galadriel, at least in her earlier years, was of a somewhat proud and rebellious nature. She was free-spirited, and during her time in Aman had many dreams of wide unexplored lands. In her early youth, she was very willful and of an "Amazon" disposition; and bound up her hair as a crown when taking part in athletic feats.<ref>{{L|348}}</ref> Her favorite brother was Finrod, for he, too, shared this vision. She could explore the minds and hearts of others, and her gaze was seeing. It may be because of her unusual beauty and power that she became proud.<br />
<br />
But by the Third Age she is also seen to act with wisdom and gentleness. In ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', she appears very gentle, firm, and wise. She was revered even more than Celeborn by the Galadhrim and all who met her.<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Galadriel.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
''[[Galadriel]]'' is a [[Sindarin]] name translated by [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] as "glittering garland",<ref>{{L|345}}, p. 423</ref> "Maiden crowned with gleaming hair",<ref>{{L|348}}, p. 428</ref> and "maiden crowned with a radiant garland".<ref name=SApp>{{S|Appendix}}</ref><ref>{{HM|RC}}, pp. 44-45</ref> It has been suggested that ''Galadriel'' consists of ''[[galad]]'' ("light, radiance") + ''[[rî]]'' ("crown") + ''[[iell]]'' ("daughter").<ref>{{webcite|articleurl=http://www.tolkiendil.com/langues/english/i-lam_arth/compound_sindarin_names#g|articlename=Compound Sindarin Names|website= [http://www.tolkiendil.com/ Tolkiendil.com]}}</ref> Tolkien notes that the element ''galad'' had no relation to Sindarin ''[[galadh]]'' ("tree", or Silvan ''galad'' "tree"), but that such a connexion often was made and her name then was pronounced ''Galadhriel''.<ref name=SApp/><ref>{{MR|P3I5}}, p. 182 (commentary to §42)</ref><br />
<br />
==Names==<br />
<br />
'''''Alatáriel''''' was the [[Telerin]] [[Quenya]] name given to Galadriel by [[Celeborn]], meaning "Maiden Crowned with Radiant Garland", which referred to her hair.<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, ''The names of Finwë's descendants'', p. 347</ref><br />
<br />
At the time of her birth, [[Finarfin]] named his only daughter ''[[Artanis]]''. '''''Artanis''''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈartanis]}}, stem ''Artaniss-'') was Galadriel's [[father-name]]: it means "Noble Woman" in [[Quenya]] from ''[[arta]]'' and ''[[nís]]''.<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, ''The names of the Sons of Fëanor with the legend of the fate of Amrod'', p. 354</ref><ref>{{MR|P3II}}, p. 213</ref><br />
<br />
'''Nerwen''' is the [[Amilessë|mother-name]] of the [[Elves|elf]] [[Galadriel]].<br />
<br />
According to the custom of the Elves, her mother, [[Eärwen]], waited a while to give her daughter a name. Due to Artanis's height and her great strength of body and will, Eärwen chose the name '''''Nerwen''''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈnerwen]}}), meaning 'man-maiden'. In the end, however, their daughter used neither her [[father-name]] nor her mother-name, and instead took the name by which she is known to history: [[Galadriel]].<br />
<br />
The name “Galadriel was chosen by Artanis (’noble woman’) to be her Sindarin name, for it was the most beautiful of her names, and, chose as an epessë [after name or ‘nickname’], had been given to her by her lover, Teleporno of the Teleri, whom she wedded later in Beleriand.”<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}</ref><ref group="note">Teleporno was the Teleri-styled named for Lord Celeborn: "“It is only of course in the late version that Celeborn appears with a High-elven, rather than Sindarin, name: Teleporno." {{UT|6e}}</ref> <br />
<br />
'''''Galadhriel''''' was a name occasionally, and incorrectly, used of [[Galadriel]] after she became [[Lady of Lórien]], and meaning 'tree-garland'. As the [[Lady of the Galadhrim]], whose capital was at [[Caras Galadhon]], it is perhaps understandable that her name should have become confused with the [[Elvish]] word galadh, meaning 'tree'. Nonetheless, this usage was mistaken — her true name ''Galadriel'' actually derived from the word ''galad'' ("radiant"), and the false variant ''Galadhriel'' was never used in her own country of [[Lórien in Middle-earth|Lórien]].<ref>{{S|Appendix}}, ''kal-''</ref><br />
<br />
==Other Versions of the Legendarium==<br />
<br />
There is a bit of befuddlement and confusion in the story of Galadriel, which [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] revised multiple times. Some of the points that were revised often are the role of Galadriel in the rebellion of the Noldor, the reason why she remained in Middle-earth, and the time at which she met Celeborn. <br />
<br />
In the notes to ''The Road Goes Ever On'' and in the published ''[[The Silmarillion|Silmarillion]]'', Galadriel was one of the leaders of the revolt and followed Fëanor into Exile.<ref name="Sil9"/> She couldn't return to Valinor because a ban was set against her, and she met Celeborn in Doriath, who was one of the Sindar. This is the only version of her story that was published by Tolkien during his lifetime. <br />
<br />
However, there are two late essays written by Tolkien after ''The Road Goes Ever On'' and published in ''Unfinished Tales'' that contradict this. In one of them, though Galadriel revolts along with the other Noldor, she's offered the pardon of the Valar, but refuses to return to Aman nonetheless. <br />
<br />
In the other, later essay, Galadriel has no participation at all in the rebellion of the Noldor, but sails on her own ship to Middle-earth. She would have been allowed to sail to Middle-earth by the Valar in normal conditions, but since she did it during the disturbance of Valinor, she fell under the Doom of Mandos all the same.<br />
<br />
In both essays, she met Celeborn in Aman. He was called in Quenya ''Teleporno'', and was a young Telerin prince, probably the son or grandson of [[Olwë]] (which would make him Artanis’s uncle or cousin)*. They eventually fell in love, and he called her in his own Telerin tongue [[Alatáriel]] (later [[Sindarization|Sindarinized]] as Galadriel and semi-[[Quenya|Quenyarized]] as [[Altáriel]]). <br />
It's unknown whether Tolkien would have gone ahead with this revision (possibly making a new edition of ''The Road Goes Ever On''), or if he would have felt bound by the published version. <br />
<br />
Another point that was revised, was the time at which Galadriel passed over the mountains of Ered Luin to enter Eriador. In ''The Fellowship of the Ring'', she says that she passed over the mountains before the fall of Nargothrond and Gondolin, yet in Appendix B of The Lord of the Rings it's said that at the beginning of the Second Age she was still dwelling in Lindon, before passing over the mountains. This contradiction in the same work must have been due to a mistake during revision.<br />
<br />
Besides this, the earlier version of the story of Amroth given in [[Unfinished Tales]], says that Galadriel and Celeborn had two children, of which one was [[Amroth]].<ref name=Galadriel/><br />
<br />
== Genealogy ==<br />
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;"><br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| MIR |y|~|~|~|~|~|~| FIN |y| IND | | | | | | | | OLW | | | | | | | |MIR=[[Míriel]]</br><small>''d. {{YT|1170}}''</small>|FIN=[[Finwë]]</br><small>''d. {{YT|1495}}''</small>|IND=[[Indis]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|OLW=[[Olwë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | FEA | | FDS | | FNG | | IRM | | FRF |y| EAW | | SON | | | | | |FEA=[[Fëanor]]</br><small>''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''</small>|FDS=[[Findis]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]</br><small>''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''</small>|IRM=[[Írimë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FRF=[[Finarfin]]</br><small>''b. {{YT|1230}}''</small>|EAW=[[Eärwen]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|SON=''unknown sons''}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|v|-|-|.| | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | FRD | | ANG |y| ELD | | AEG | | GAL |y| CEL |FRD=[[Finrod]]</br><small>''{{YT|1300}} - {{FA|465}}''</small>|ANG=[[Angrod]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|455}}''</small>|AEG=[[Aegnor]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|455}}''</small>|GAL='''GALADRIEL'''</br><small>''b. {{YT|1362}}''</small>|ELD=[[Eldalótë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|CEL=[[Celeborn]]</br><small>''b. {{FA}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ORO | | | | | | ELR |y| CLB | | |ORO=[[Orodreth]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|495}}''</small>|CLB=[[Celebrían]]</br><small>''b. {{SA}}''</small>|ELR=[[Elrond]]</br><small>''b. {{FA|532}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | GIL | | FIL | | ELL | | ELO | | ARW |GIL=[[Gil-galad]]</br><small>''d. {{SA|3441}}''</small>|FIL=[[Finduilas]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|495}}''</small>|ELL=[[Elladan]]</br><small>''b. {{TA|130}}''</small>|ELO=[[Elrohir]]</br><small>''b. {{TA|130}}''</small>|ARW=[[Arwen]]</br><small>''{{TA|241}} - {{FoA|121}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
<gallery> <br />
File:The Lord of the Rings (1978 film) - Galadriel.jpg|Galadriel as portrayed in [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]<br />
File:The Lord of the Rings (film series) - Galadriel.jpg|[[Cate Blanchett]] as Galadriel in [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]<br />
File:The Lord of the Rings - The Fellowship of the Ring (video game) - Galadriel.JPG|Galadriel as portrayed in [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|Vivendi's ''The Fellowship of the Ring'']]<br />
File:Galadriel.jpg|Galadriel in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
File:The Hobbit - An Unexpected Journey - Galadriel.jpg|[[Cate Blanchett]] as Galadriel in [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]<br />
</gallery> <br />
<br />
'''1978: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]:'''<br />
:Galadriel is voiced by [[Annette Crosbie]].<br />
<br />
'''1981: [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:The voice of Galadriel is provided by [[Marian Diamond]]. In addition to the Lothlórien episodes, the voice of Galadriel is heard in Shelob's Lair as a reminder to use the phial, and she appears with Elrond in the final episode in the Shire, as they journey towards the Grey Havens.<br />
<br />
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Galadriel is played by [[Cate Blanchett]]. Galadriel narrates the Prologue, explaining the creation of the Rings of Power and the War of the Last Alliance. Earlier plans considered were to have either Frodo or Gandalf narrate the Prologue, but this was dropped: Frodo was not alive until thousands of years after these events happened, and although Gandalf was alive, he was not present in Middle-earth at the time; the Wizards came some one thousand years after the Prologue ends. Thus Galadriel narrates the Prologue, because she had first-hand accounts of this history and actively participated in its events. <br />
<br />
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:Galadriel, voiced by [[Jennifer Hale]], is the narrator of the Prologue and the Epilogue, and appears in Lothlórien.<br />
<br />
'''2002: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers]]'':'''<br />
:Galadriel frequently consults telepathically with Elrond; there is an indication from the books{{fact}} that the two were able to communicate in some way, without specific reference. In the film, unlike the book, [[Galadriel]] and [[Elrond]] send an army of [[Elves]] - led by [[Haldir]] - to [[Battle of the Hornburg|Helm's Deep]] to aid the [[Rohirrim]]. In the DVD commentary, [[Peter Jackson]] and his fellow writers explain that they worried audiences would wonder why the Elves don't seem to be helping in the war, while at the same time, they felt that actually inserting an entire separate battle scene at Lothlórien would take up too much screentime and resources. <br />
<br />
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'':'''<br />
:A spiritual apparition of Lady Galadriel appears to provide Frodo strength following his passage through Shelob's Lair, soon after he uses the Phial that she gave him. She is later seen leaving Middle-Earth along with other Ring-Bearers, but in film version her husband Celeborn departs with her at the same time.<br />
<br />
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''<br />
:Galadriel is the strongest of "Hero" units available to the Free Peoples. If a player's army manages to spot [[Gollum]] on the battlefield, take The One Ring from him and deliver it to their forces, the option to "summon" Galadriel unlocks for a large amount of resources. Thus, Lady Galadriel is represented as succumbing to corruption of The Ring, similar to the respective scene in the ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'' movie.<br />
<br />
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:Galadriel is a non-playable character, who narrates cutscenes and instances throughout the second Volume of the Epic story. Introduced in [[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria]] Book VI: [[The Shadowy Abyss]], she usually resides on a [[talan]] at [[Caras Galadhon]].<br />
<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
:Cate Blanchett reprised her role as Galadriel, although the character itself is absent from the novel.<ref name="PJCasting">{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150168211921558|articlename=Production begins in New Zealand on The Hobbit|dated=20-March-2011|website=[http://www.facebook.com/ Facebook]|accessed=23-Dec-2011}}</ref> She appears as part of the [[White Council]] alongside [[Saruman]], [[Gandalf]] and [[Elrond]]. Later, she telepathically urges Gandalf to further seek the true identity of the [[Sauron#Sauron's Return|Necromancer]]. Finally, during the [[attack on Dol Guldur]], Galadriel plays a larger role. She first rescues Gandalf from captivity, and is ultimately the one to drive Sauron from the fortress using her [[Phial of Galadriel|phial]].<br />
<br />
'''2014: [[Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor]]:'''<br />
:Galadriel is featured in the game, although she is a non-playable character.<br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
* [[:Category:Images of Galadriel|Images of Galadriel]]<br />
{{references|notes}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:House of Finarfin]]<br />
[[Category:Second Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin names]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Galadriel]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/galadriel]]<br />
[[fi:Galadriel]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Lake_Evendim&diff=304950Lake Evendim2019-06-01T02:33:20Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{location infobox<br />
| name=Lake Evendim<br />
| image=[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Evendim.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption=Evendim in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=Nenuial<br />
| location=Central [[Eriador]], in the [[Hills of Evendim]] west of [[Fornost Erain]]<br />
| type=Lake<br />
| description=Large lake partly encircled by hills<br />
| regions=<br />
| towns=[[Annúminas]] stood on the shores of this lake<br />
| inhabitants=[[Noldor]], [[Sindar]], [[Green-elves]], [[Arnorians]]<br />
| created=<br />
| destroyed=<br />
| events=[[Battle of Fornost]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Lake Evendim''', or '''Nenuial''' ("Lake of Twilight") in [[Sindarin]], was a lake in northern [[Eriador]].<br />
<br />
The lake was about 100 miles north of [[the Shire]]. It was approximately 50 miles from north to south and 20 miles east to west<ref name="Map">{{UT|Map}}</ref> and was bounded on the west and south by the Emyn Uial ([[Hills of Evendim]]).<ref>{{UT|Index}}, ''Nenuial''</ref> The [[Baranduin]] or Brandywine River flowed out of the lake to the east.<ref name="Map"/><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
It is said that after the [[War of Wrath]], both [[Galadriel]] and [[Celeborn]] crossed into [[Eriador]] with many Noldor in their following, together with [[Sindar]] and [[Green-elves]]; and for a while they dwelt in the country about Lake Nenuial.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> They departed for [[Eregion]] in {{SA|700}}.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> <br />
<br />
In the [[Second Age]], there were [[Middle Men|lesser men]] living about Lake Evendim, some of whom met with the [[Númenóreans]] when they first sailed back to [[Middle-earth]].<ref>{{UT|Wife}}, note 3</ref><ref>{{PM|Atani}}</ref> <br />
<br />
After the [[Downfall of Númenor]], [[Elendil]] established the capital of [[Arnor]], [[Annúminas]], on the southern shore of the lake in {{SA|3320}}.<ref>{{S|Rings}}</ref> <br />
<br />
In {{TA|1975}},<ref>{{App|TA}}</ref> the [[Battle of Fornost]] was fought on the plain between Lake Evendim and the [[North Downs]].<ref>{{App|Gondor}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
<br />
'''2007-: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:While possible to swim across, swift travel across Lake Evendim (located in the region of [[Evendim]]) is provided by several boatkeepers.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://lotro-wiki.com/index.php/Lake_Evendim|articlename=Lake Evendim|dated=6 August 2012|website=[http://lotro-wiki.com/ LOTRO-Wiki.com]|accessed=29 March 2013}}</ref><br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Aelin-uial|Umboth Muilin]], the Pools of Twilight<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Arnor]]<br />
[[Category:Eriador]]<br />
[[Category:Lakes]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]<br />
<br />
[[de:Evendim-See]]<br />
[[fi:Hämyvesi]]<br />
[[fi:Nenuial]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/eaux/eriador/lac_evendim]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/eaux/eriador/nenuial]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Fingolfin&diff=304949Fingolfin2019-06-01T01:16:59Z<p>Christolk: </p>
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<div>{{sources}}<br />
{{noldor infobox<br />
| name=Fingolfin<br />
| image=[[File:Jenny Dolfen - Fingolfin.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Fingolfin" by [[Jenny Dolfen]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=''Ñolofinwë'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Father-name|fn]]),<br/>''Aracáno'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Amilessë|mn]])<br />
| titles=[[High King of the Noldor]]<br/>King of the North<br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Tirion]]; [[Hithlum]]<br />
| affiliation=<br />
| language=[[Quenya]] and [[Sindarin]]<br />
| birth={{YT|1190}}<br />
| birthlocation=[[Tirion]]<br />
| rule={{FA|5}} - {{FA|456|n}}<br />
| death={{FA|456}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Anfauglith]]<br />
| age=3426<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=[[House of Finwë]], founded the [[House of Fingolfin]]<br />
| parentage=[[Finwë]] and [[Indis]]<br />
| siblings=[[Fëanor]] (half-brother), [[Findis]], [[Írimë]] and [[Finarfin]]<br />
| spouse=[[Anairë]]<br />
| children=[[Fingon]], [[Turgon]], [[Aredhel]] and [[Argon]]<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Tall<br />
| hair=Dark<ref name="hair">{{PM|Shibboleth}}, p. 336</ref><br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=Silver armour, blue shield set with crystals<br />
| weapons=[[Ringil]]<br />
| steed=[[Rochallor]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Fingolfin''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[fiŋˈɡolfin]}}) was a [[High King of the Noldor]] in [[Beleriand]], eldest son of [[Finwë]] and [[Indis]], younger brother of [[Findis]], older brother of [[Írimë]] and [[Finarfin]], and the younger half-brother of [[Fëanor]]. His wife was [[Anairë]] and his children were [[Fingon]], [[Turgon]], [[Aredhel]], and [[Argon]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Fingolfin was the strongest and most valiant of the sons of Finwë. <ref>{{S|5}}</ref> Having different mothers, he and his older half-brother Fëanor never felt a close bond with each other. This lack of affinity developed into rivalry when [[Morgoth|Melkor]] secretly told each of them that the other was planning on driving them out of [[Tirion]]. [[File:Tuuliky - Half Brothers.jpg|thumb|left|Tuuliky - ''Half Brothers'']]<br />
<br />
During the days of the [[Two Trees]] in [[Valinor]], as Melkor's lies were taking root in Noldor minds, a number of the Noldor started to actually believe that the [[Valar]] were somehow restraining them from going back to [[Cuiviénen]] in Middle-earth. Melkor's cunning had caused the suspicions he sowed to outweigh the Noldor's knowledge that the greatest Gift of the Valar was total free will.<br />
<br />
Fëanor was the first to speak against the Valar, and [[Finwë]] summoned all of the lords of his house to resolve the issue. As Fingolfin was contending with his father to convince him to restrain Fëanor, the latter arrived fully armed with weapons he had secretly forged. Even though Fingolfin accepted him as his senior, Fëanor threatened Fingolfin, who was unarmed, with his sword, after which Fingolfin bowed to his father Finwë and left, only to be followed by Fëanor and threatened again in public.<ref>{{S|Unrest}}</ref> This threat, in the main square in front of the Mindon, King Finwë's seat, was witnessed by many as Fëanor drew his sword and placed the point to Fingolfin's breast.<br />
<br />
In the face of this public humiliation, Fingolfin turned quietly and walked away without a word to Fëanor, in an effort to avoid division and dissention within his father's House, and among the Noldor.<br />
<br />
After the escape of Melkor from Valinor, during the feast Manwë held for the reconciliation of the Eldar, Fingolfin publicly forgave Fëanor and called him "Half-brother in blood, full brother in heart".<ref>{{S|8}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Journey to Middle-earth===<br />
After King Finwë died, murdered by Morgoth, Fëanor rallied up the Noldor and gave a passionate speech. Nearly all of the Noldor followed him, along with his two half-brothers. Fingolfin led the largest host of the Ñoldor when they fled [[Aman]] for [[Middle-earth]], even though he thought this unwise; he did not want to abandon his people to Fëanor. As days passed in their exile, more and more of the Noldor started speaking against Fëanor, for their journey was difficult, and they feared the prophecy of [[Mandos]]. After Fëanor's Noldor acquired the ships of the [[Teleri]] following the [[First Kinslaying]], Fëanor and his followers used them to sail across the sea. Fëanor burned the ships after reaching Middle-earth, stranding the others, for he thought the followers of Fingolfin would prove to be useless.<br />
<br />
Fingolfin and his people saw the smoke of the ships from afar, and chose to travel through the ice desert, for they were ashamed to go back to Valinor, and were angry at Fëanor. Fingolfin took them across the ice of the [[Helcaraxë]], the journey was hard and many died, yet they were filled with hope when they saw the Moon for the first time. Soon after, at the rising of the Sun, he came to the [[Gates of Angband]] and smote upon them, but [[Morgoth]] stayed hidden inside. Fingolfin and the Noldor, realising they could not be victorious in this way, then came to the northern shores of [[Lake Mithrim]], from which the Fëanorian part of the host had withdrawn.<br />
<br />
===Kingship===<br />
[[File:J.R.R. Tolkien - Fingolfin Heraldic Device.jpg|left|100px]]<br />
Shortly after Fëanor's death, his oldest son Maedhros was captured by Morgoth. Learning this, Fingolfin's oldest son [[Fingon]] rescued [[Maedhros]], with whom he was a good friend. Maedhros consequently waived his claim to kingship. Thus Fingolfin became High-King of the [[Noldor]]. He ruled from [[Hithlum]], by the northern shores of [[Lake Mithrim]].<ref>{{S|Return}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[File:Ted Nasmith - Morgoth and the High King of Noldor (1992).jpg|thumb|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''Morgoth and the High King of Noldor'']]<br />
After defeating the [[Orcs]] in the [[Dagor Aglareb]] ("Glorious Battle"), Fingolfin maintained the [[Siege of Angband]] for nearly four hundred years. But the Siege was ended by the sudden assaults of Morgoth in the [[Dagor Bragollach]] ("Battle of Sudden Flame"), and many peoples of Beleriand fled. In the end Fingolfin rode to Angband alone to challenge Morgoth to single combat. Those who saw him thought Oromë himself had arrived; for a great madness of rage was upon him, so that his eyes shone like the eyes of the Valar. Fingolfin died there after a mighty duel, wounding Morgoth seven times with his sword [[Ringil]], and struck one last punishing blow to Morgoth's foot before he broke the High King.<ref>{{S|Fingolfin}}</ref> Morgoth's wounds never healed after that battle, and he limped everafter. [[Thorondor]] the King of Eagles then brought Fingolfin's body to a mountaintop overlooking [[Gondolin]], and [[Turgon]] built a [[Fingolfin's Cairn|cairn]] over the remains of his father.<br />
{{quote|In that vast shadow once of yore<br>Fingolfin stood: his shield he bore<br>with field of heaven’s blue and star<br>of crystal shining pale afar.<br>In overmastering wrath and hate<br>desperate he smote upon that gate,<br>the [[Gnomes|Gnomish]] king, there standing lone,<br>while endless fortresses of stone<br>engulfed the thin clear ringing keen<br>of silver horn and baldric green.|''[[Lay of Leithian]]'', [[Lay of Leithian Canto XII|Canto XII]], lines 3538-3547}}<br />
<br />
[[Fingon]] became High King of the [[Noldor]] after his death.<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Fingolfin.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
Fingolfin's [[father-name]] was '''Ñolofinwë''' ([[Quenya|Q]]: "Wise Finwë", pron. [[Noldorin|N]] {{IPA|[ˌŋoloˈfinwe]}}, [[Vanyarin|V]] {{IPA|[ˌŋoloˈɸinwe]}}, {{TA}} [[Exilic Quenya|Exilic]] {{IPA|[ˌnoloˈfinwe]}}). His [[Amilessë|mother-name]] was '''Aracáno'''<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, ''The names of Finwë's descendants'', p. 345</ref> ("High Chieftain", pron. {{IPA|[ˌaraˈkaːno]}}). ''Fingolfin'' is the [[Sindarin]] form of his father-name, with the word ''Finwë'' added to the beginning. The addition was done by Fingolfin himself in pursuance of his claim to be [[High King of the Noldor]] after his father's death.<ref name=Shibboleth>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, p. 344</ref><br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;"><br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| MIR |y| FIN |y| IND | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |FIN=[[Finwë]]</br><small>''d. {{YT|1495}}''</small>|IND=[[Indis]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|MIR=[[Míriel]]</br><small>''d. {{YT|1170}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | |!| | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | FEA | | FDS | | FNG |y| ANA | | IRM | | FIR | | |FEA=[[Fëanor]]</br><small>''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''</small>|FDS=[[Findis]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FNG='''FINGOLFIN'''</br><small>''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''</small>|ANA=[[Anairë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|IRM=[[Írimë]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FIR=[[Finarfin]]</br><small>''b. {{YT|1230}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| |}}<br />
{{familytree| FIN | | TUR |y| ELE | | ARE |y| EOL | | ARG|FIN=[[Fingon]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|472}}''</small>|ARE=[[Aredhel]]</br><small>''{{YT|1362}} - {{FA|400}}''</small>|TUR=[[Turgon]]</br><small>''{{YT|1300}} - {{FA|510}}''</small>|ELE=[[Elenwë]]</br><small>''d. {{YT|1500}}''</small>|EOL=[[Eöl]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|400}}''</small>|ARG=[[Argon]]</br><small>''d. {{FA|1}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | TUO |y| IDR | | | | | | MAE | | | | | ||MAE=[[Maeglin]]</br><small>''{{FA|320}} - {{FA|510|n}}''</small>|IDR=[[Idril]]</br><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|TUO=[[Tuor]]</br><small>''b. {{FA|472}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | EAR | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||EAR=[[Eärendil]]</br><small>''b. {{FA|503}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
* [[:Category:Images of Fingolfin|Images of Fingolfin]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*[http://middle-earth.xenite.org/2014/07/14/could-fingolfin-have-defeated-morgoth-in-mortal-combat/ Could Fingolfin Have Defeated Morgoth in Mortal Combat?] by [[Michael Martinez]]<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
|race=noldor<br />
|house=[[House of Finwë]]<br />
|born={{YT|1190}}<br />
|died={{FA|455}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
|pvac=Vacant<br />
|prev=[[Fëanor]], until {{YT|1497}}<br />
|next=[[Fingon]]<br />
|list=[[High King of the Noldor]]<br />
|dates={{FA|5}} – {{FA|456|n}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:House of Finwë]]<br />
[[Category:House of Fingolfin| ]]<br />
[[Category:Noldor]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin names]]<br />
[[Category:Rulers in Beleriand]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Fingolfin]]<br />
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/fingolfin]]<br />
[[fi:Fingolfin]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=F%C3%ABanor&diff=304948Fëanor2019-06-01T01:16:44Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{noldor infobox<br />
| name=Fëanor<br />
| image=[[File:Catherine Karina Chmiel - Feanor.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Feanor" by [[Catherine Karina Chmiel]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=''[[Curufinwë]]'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Father-name|fn]]),<br/>''Fëanáro'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Amilessë|mn]])<br />
| titles=[[High King of the Noldor]]<br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Tirion]] in [[Valinor]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Oath of Fëanor]]<br />
| language=[[Quenya]]<br />
| birth={{YT|1169}}<br />
| birthlocation=[[Tirion]]<br />
| rule={{YT|1495}} – {{YT|1497|n}}<br />
| death={{YT|1497}}<br />
| deathlocation=Slopes of [[Ered Wethrin]]<br />
| age=328 [[Years of the Trees|Y.T.]]/3142 [[Years of the Sun|years]]<br />
| notablefor=Created the [[Silmarils]]<br />
| house=[[House of Finwë]], founded the [[House of Fëanor]]<br />
| parentage=[[Finwë]] & [[Míriel]]<br />
| siblings=[[Findis]], [[Fingolfin]], [[Írimë]] and [[Finarfin]] (half-siblings)<br />
| spouse=[[Nerdanel]]<br />
| children=[[Maedhros]], [[Maglor]], [[Celegorm]], [[Caranthir]], [[Curufin]], [[Amrod]] and [[Amras]]<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=<br />
| hair=Black<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=Sword<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{quote|For Fëanor was made the mightiest in all parts of body and mind: in valour, in endurance, in beauty, in understanding, in skill, in strength and subtlety alike: of all the Children of Ilúvatar, and a bright flame was in him.|''[[The Silmarillion]]'', [[Of the Sun and Moon and the Hiding of Valinor]]}}<br />
<br />
'''Fëanor''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈfe.anor]}}) was the second [[High King of the Noldor]], eldest and most beloved son of [[Finwë]]. He had the greatest skill of word and hand, a renowned craftsman, gem-smith, and warrior. His most famous deed was the creation of the [[Silmarils]], but he also created the ''[[palantíri]]''<ref name="SIndex">{{S|Index}}</ref>, and may also have wrought the [[Fëanorian lamps]].<ref>{{UT|Tuor}}, note 2</ref> In addition, he invented the widely-used [[Tengwar]] script. His passionate hatred of [[Morgoth]] and terrible [[Oath of Fëanor|oath]] led directly to the great triumphs and tragedies of the [[First Age]].<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
===Life in Tirion===<br />
Born in {{YT|1169}},<ref>{{MR|P2k}}, Note 1, p.101</ref> Curufinwë Fëanáro (as was his original name in [[Quenya]], pron. [[Noldorin|N]] {{IPA|[ˌkuruˈfinweˌ fe.aˈnaːro ]}}, [[Vanyarin|V]] {{IPA|[ˌkuruˈɸinweˌ ɸe.aˈnaːro ]}}<ref name="Shibboleth">{{PM|Finwe}}</ref>) was the eldest son of Finwë, the [[King of the Noldor]], and his first wife [[Míriel|Míriel Serindë]]. He drew so much of Míriel's life energy when he was born that she grew weary of living, and departed to [[Lórien in Valinor|Lórien]], where she voluntarily left her corporeal form and died. Finwë remarried, and had two more sons, Fëanor's half-brothers [[Fingolfin]] and [[Finarfin]],<ref name="Feanor">{{S|Feanor}}</ref> and two daughters, [[Findis]] and [[Írimë]].<ref name="Shibboleth"/><br />
[[File:Ryszard Derdzinski - Feanor.jpg|thumb|left|Feanor, deviser of the Tengwar]]<br />
Fëanor's skills began to blossom and other than a skilled smith, he was a linguist and a [[Lambengolmor|Loremaster]].<ref name=WJ>{{WJ|Quendi}}, pp. 396-8</ref> In {{YT|1250|n}} he devised the lettering system of [[Tengwar]], improving the work of [[Rúmil (elf of Tirion)|Rúmil]]. He then turned his mind to the study of gems.<ref name="AAsec4">{{MR|P2j}}</ref> <br />
[[File:Tuuliky - Lumen Melma.jpg|thumb|Feanor and Nerdanel]]<br />
While still a youth Fëanor wedded [[Nerdanel]], daughter of [[Mahtan]],<ref name="Feanor"/> who bore him [[Sons of Fëanor|seven sons]]: [[Maedhros]], [[Maglor]], [[Celegorm]], [[Caranthir]], [[Curufin]], [[Amrod]] and [[Amras]].<ref>{{S|Princes}}</ref><br />
<br />
In {{YT|1400|n}}<ref name="AAsec4"/> [[Morgoth|Melkor]], the mightiest of the Valar and source of evil, deceived the Valar into thinking that he had repented of his evil ways. Pardoned and residing in Valinor, he undertook to corrupt the Noldor and succeeded in making them instruments of his malice, particularly Fëanor. But Fëanor greatly mistrusted Melkor, which was part of Melkor's plan.<ref name="Feanor"/><br />
<br />
In {{YT|1449|n}} Fëanor began and by {{YT|1450|n}} he had succeeded<ref name="AAsec4"/> in the greatest of his achievements: capturing the light of the [[Two Trees]] to make the three [[Silmarils]], also called the Great Jewels. He prized the Silmarils above all else, and grew increasingly suspicious that the Valar and other Eldar coveted them. He either vainly displayed the jewels or jealously guarded them from all except his immediate family.<ref name="Silmarils">{{S|Unrest}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Feud with Fingolfin===<br />
[[Image:Antti Autio - The Threat of Feanor.jpg|thumb|left|250px|[[Antti Autio]] - ''Fëanor's threat'']]<br />
Melkor greatly desired the Silmarils and his hatred for Fëanor grew, but the Valar still did not know of Melkor's true intentions. Melkor played upon Fëanor's temperament and pride to convince him that his own half-brother Fingolfin was not only planning to usurp his place as heir to Finwë, but also seize the jewels for himself.<ref name="Silmarils"/> The Noldor then began forging weapons, which at that point no other Eldar possessed in Valinor. Fëanor's hostility grew to the point where, in {{YT|1490|n}},<ref name="AAsec4"/> he threatened Fingolfin's life. For this, the Valar exiled him to [[Formenos]]. He took a substantial treasure with him, including the Silmarils, which he stowed in a locked box. In a show of support for his eldest son, Finwë withdrew to Formenos as well.<ref name="Silmarils"/><br />
<br />
The Valar realized that Melkor was behind Fëanor's actions. They sent [[Tulkas]] to imprison him again, but he could not be found. Melkor was not seen for a long time, until in {{YT|1492|n}},<ref name="AAsec4"/> he unexpectedly showed up at Formenos. Melkor tried again to manipulate Fëanor, but he went too far, and Fëanor realized that Melkor's true goal was to obtain the Silmarils. He shut the door in Melkor's face. In a rage, Melkor left. When the Valar heard of the incident, they resumed the hunt. But it was apparent that Melkor had fled from Valinor.<ref name="Silmarils"/><br />
<br />
===Theft of the Silmarils===<br />
In {{YT|1495|n}}<ref name="AAsec4"/> the Valar sought to reconcile Fëanor and Fingolfin, and to mend the enmity between the Noldor and Valar, and invited them all to Valinor to make peace. Fingolfin offered a hand to his half-brother, recognizing Fëanor's place as the eldest, which he grudgingly accepted.<br />
<br />
Following his father's death, Fëanor claimed the [[High King of the Noldor|kingship]] of all the [[Noldor]].<ref name="S9">{{S|9}}</ref> <br />
<br />
[[File:Amanyar - Fëanor device.png|right|120px|thumb|Fëanor's device.]]Meanwhile, after first feigning to go north, Melkor had stolen away to [[Avathar]] in the south of Aman to seek out the evil, spider-like creature [[Ungoliant]]. Even as Fëanor and Fingolfin were reconciled, Ungoliant helped Morgoth destroy the Two Trees, bringing darkness to Valinor.<ref>{{S|Darkening}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Yavanna]] examined the Two Trees and found them lifeless. The light of the Trees survived only in the Silmarils and she said that only by their power could she restore the Trees. [[Manwë]] then asked Fëanor to give them up for this purpose but Fëanor emphatically declared that he would not give up his Silmarils of his own free will; if the Valar forced him, he said, they would be no better than Melkor. It was after this that messengers came telling of the raid at Formenos.<br />
<br />
According to the messengers, Melkor, surrounded by an impenetrable black fog, had come to Fëanor's vault in Formenos. Finwë the King fought and lost against Melkor, and was the first to be slain in Valinor. Melkor ransacked the vault, taking many valuable jewels, including the Silmarils. He and Ungoliant escaped by crossing the [[Helcaraxë]], or Grinding Ice, in the north to [[Beleriand]] in Middle-earth.<ref name="Flight">{{S|Flight}}</ref><br />
<br />
===The Kinslaying===<br />
[[Image:Tuuliky - Feanor.jpg|thumb|200px|left|Tuuliky - ''Fëanor'']]The Valar and Eldar now fully understood the extent of Melkor's treachery. Fëanor, upon learning of his father's murder and the theft of his prized Silmarils, named Melkor "Morgoth", or "Black Enemy". Claiming kingship over the Noldor, Fëanor delivered an impassioned speech, which he unwittingly filled with Morgoth's taint. He rallied the Noldor against the Dark Lord, but because of Morgoth's influence, he also blamed the Valar for Morgoth's deeds. He persuaded most of his people that because the Valar had abandoned them, the Noldor must follow him to Middle-earth and fight the Dark Lord. Fëanor then swore the terrible [[Oath of Fëanor]] which all seven of his sons also proclaimed, vowing to fight anyone and everyone—whether Elf, Man, Maia, or Vala—who withheld the Silmarils, and invoking even [[Ilúvatar]] as a witness. This Oath led to much conflict and later caused great tragedy among his seven sons.<br />
<br />
Seeking a way to get to Middle-earth, he went to the shores of Aman, where the seafaring [[Teleri]] lived, and demanded the use of their ships. When Teleri refused to give or lend their vessels, Fëanor ordered the Noldor to take the ships. The Teleri resisted, and a battle broke out, in which many of the Teleri were slain, for they were armed with mere hunting bows, against the fully armed Noldor. Three times the Teleri were able to push back Fëanor until Fingolfin and Finarfin brought up their host, overwhelming the Teleri.<br />
<br />
In repentance of this act, Finarfin, Finwë's third son, took his host and turned back. They were accepted by the Valar, and Finarfin ruled as King of the remaining Noldor in Valinor.<ref name="Flight"/><br />
</br></br><br />
<br />
===Exile in Middle-earth===<br />
[[File:NOLANOS - La Quema de las Naves.jpg|thumb|NOLANOS - ''La Quema de las Naves'']]<br />
As the year {{YT|1496|n}} wore on Fëanor led the Noldor northward. By {{YT|1497|n}} the host had reached the [[Helkaraxë]] and halted.<ref>{{MR|P2m}}</ref> There were not enough ships to carry all of the Noldor across the sea, so Fëanor and his sons led the first group. Upon arriving at [[Losgar]], in the land of [[Lammoth]], in the far west of [[Beleriand]], where Morgoth and Ungoliant had passed not long before, Fëanor decided to burn the ships and leave the followers of Fingolfin behind.<ref name="Flight"/> The earth being flat in those days, the remaining Noldor saw the flames, and perceived that if they were to reach Middle-earth, they had no choice but to cross the Helcaraxë. This they did under the leadership of Fingolfin, and suffered heavy losses along the way, which greatly added to the animosity they had for Fëanor and his sons.<ref name="Flight"/><br />
[[Image:Jenny Dolfen - Feanor's Last Stand.jpg|thumb|200px|left|Jenny Dolfen - ''Fëanor's Last Stand'']]<br />
Learning of the Noldor's arrival, Morgoth summoned his armies from his fortress of [[Angband]] and attacked Fëanor's encampment in [[Mithrim]]. This battle was called the [[Dagor-nuin-Giliath]] ("Battle under the Stars"), for the [[Sun]] and [[Moon]] had not yet been made. The Noldor managed to win the battle and disperse Morgoth's armies. Fëanor, still in a great rage, pressed on toward Angband with his sons. He came even within sight of Angband, but was ambushed by a force of [[Balrogs]], with few elves about him. He fought mightily, hewing his foe even after receiving several wounds from [[Gothmog (balrog)|Gothmog]], lord of Balrogs. <br />
<br />
His sons came upon the balrogs with great force of elves, and were able to drive them off. However, as Fëanor was being carried off the battlefield, he knew his wounds were fatal. He was brought to the slopes of the [[Ered Wethrin]] from where he saw from afar the peaks of [[Thangorodrim]]. He cursed Angband thrice, but with the eyes of death, he knew that his elves, unaided, would never throw down the dark towers. At the moment of his death the passing of his fiery spirit reduced his body to ashes. He was the only person to die this way, for no death like his was ever seen or heard.<ref name="S|Return">{{S|Return}}</ref><br />
<br />
His sons were still bound by the Oath to recover the Silmarils, which would determine many of the events of Middle-earth during the First Age.<br />
<br />
Fëanor's spirit remained in the [[Halls of Mandos]] and was not reincarnated in Valinor.<ref name="S|Return">{{S|Return}}</ref> It is said that he will return only for [[Dagor Dagorath]], and will finally reclaim his beloved Silmarils, and then surrender them to [[Yavanna]].<ref name "SM|CQ19">{{SM|CQ19}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Genealogy ==<br />
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;"><br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| MHT | | MIR |y| FIN |y| IND | | | | | | | | | | | | |MHT=[[Mahtan]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>| MIR=[[Míriel]]<br/><small>''d. {{YT|1170}}''</small>|FIN=[[Finwë]]<br/><small>''d. {{YT|1495}}''</small>|IND=[[Indis]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |!| | | | | |!| | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| NRD |~|y|~| FEA | | FDS | | FNG | | IRM | | FRF | | |NRD=[[Nerdanel]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FEA='''FËANOR'''<br/><small>''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''</small>|FDS=[[Findis]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]<br/><small>''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''</small>|IRM=[[Írimë]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FRF=[[Finarfin]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT|1230}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |,|-|-|^|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| |}}<br />
{{familytree| MDH | | MAG | | CEL | | CAR | | CUR | | AMD | | AMR |MDH=[[Maedhros]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|587}}''</small>|MAG=[[Maglor]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|CEL=[[Celegorm]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|506}}''</small>|CAR=[[Caranthir]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|506}}''</small>|CUR=[[Curufin]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|506}}''</small>|AMD=[[Amrod]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|538}}''</small>|AMR=[[Amras]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|538}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | CLB | | | | | | | | |CLB=[[Celebrimbor]]<br/><small>''d. {{SA|1697}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
== Etymology ==<br />
{{Pronounce|Feanor.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
Fëanor's [[father-name]] was ''[[Curufinwë]]'', "Skillful Finwë", by adding ''[[curu]]'', the [[Quenya]] noun for "skill", to his father's name. He later gave his favorite son [[Curufin]] the same father-name. His [[Amilessë|mother-name]] was '''Fëanáro''', which translates as "spirit of fire",<ref name="Shibboleth"/> being formed by adding ''[[fëa]]'', a Quenya noun for "spirit" and ''[[Nár (Quenya)|nár]]'', "flame". Apparently, the masculine ending ''[[-o]]'' is also present. <br />
<br />
The name Fëanor is the [[Sindarization|Sindarized]] version of his mother-name; the proper [[Sindarin]] form of his name was '''Faenor'''.<ref name="Shibboleth"/><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[:Category:Images of Fëanor|Images of Fëanor]]<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.minastirith.com/cgi-bin/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=2;t=000635 What do you think of Fëanor?] - Discussion on MinasTirith.com<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
|race=noldor<br />
|house=[[House of Finwë]]<br />
|born={{YT|1169}}<br />
|died={{YT|1497}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
|pvac=<br />
|prev=[[Finwë]]<br />
|next=[[Fingolfin]]<br />
|list=[[High King of the Noldor]]<br />
|dates={{YT|1495}} – {{YT|1497|n}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Feanor}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:House of Finwë]]<br />
[[Category:House of Fëanor| ]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin names]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
<br />
[[de:Feanor]]<br />
[[fi:Fëanor]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/feanor]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Galadhrim&diff=304947Galadhrim2019-06-01T01:03:58Z<p>Christolk: /* Second Age */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{rewrite}}<br />
{{people infobox<br />
| name=Galadhrim<br />
| image=[[File:Rebecca Guay - Galadhrim.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="[[:File:Rebecca Guay - Galadhrim.jpg|Rebecca Guay]]" by Rebecca Guay<br />
| pronun={{respell|gal|ath|rim}}<br />
| othernames=Elves of Lórien, Elves of Lórinand, Tree-people<br />
| origin=[[Silvan Elves]] of [[Lothlórien]]<br />
| location=[[Lothlórien]], [[East Lórien]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]]<br />
| rivalry=<br />
| language=[[Silvan Elvish]], [[Sindarin]], [[Westron]]<br />
| members=[[Haldir]], [[Rúmil (Elf of Lórien)|Rúmil]], [[Orophin]], [[Amdír]], [[Amroth]], [[Nimrodel]], [[Mithrellas]], [[Celeborn]], [[Galadriel]]<br />
| lifespan=Immortal<br />
| distinctions=<br />
| height=<br />
| hair=<br />
| skin=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
}}<br />
The '''Galadhrim''' or the '''Tree-people''' were the [[Elves]], mostly [[Silvan Elves|Silvan]] in origin, who inhabited the woods of [[Lothlórien]]. <br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Some of the [[Nandor]], the [[Teleri|Telerin Elves]] who abandoned the [[Great Journey]] of the [[Eldar]] on the eastern side of the [[Misty Mountains]], settled down in the [[Vales of Anduin]] and later on established the realms of [[Mirkwood]] in the north and [[Lothlórien|Lindórinand]] in the south of [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]]. <br />
<br />
In the beginning the [[Silvan Elves]] of Lórien were a small and scattered people, and as the power of the [[Longbeards]] of [[Moria]] grew, they relocated to the eastern side of the [[Anduin]].<br />
===Second Age===<br />
Following the destruction of [[Beleriand]] and the [[War of Wrath]], most of the [[Noldor]]in exiles and remnants of the Sindar retreated to [[Lindon]]. The [[Valar]] reinvited these Elves to [[Aman]], but [[Amdír]], among many others, was unwilling and remained in Lindon.<ref name="AppB">{{UT|6b}}</ref> Amdír was one of the [[Iathrim]] who spent his early life in [[Doriath]].<ref name="AppB"/> He, along with his son [[Amroth]], established himself in [[Lórinand]], where he would soon lead the princeless [[Silvan Elves]].<ref name="AaN">{{UT|Amroth}}</ref> Their language was replaced by [[Sindarin]]. The arrival of the Sinda [[Amdír]] affected the Nandor of Laurelindórenan. He took over as their King, while another Sinda, [[Oropher]], became King of [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]].<ref name=Sindarin>{{UT|6b}}</ref><br />
<br />
Other survivors of [[Eregion]], including many [[Noldor]] and [[Sindar]], escaped into [[Khazad-dûm]] and were granted passage by their friends the [[Dwarves]], coming eventually through the [[Misty Mountains|Mountains]] to the woodlands that would long afterwards be called [[Lórien]].<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Concerning}}</ref><br />
<br />
Under his leadership the people of Lórien prospered and their numbers grew. Amdir led an army of Galadhrim to the [[War of the Last Alliance]], where most of them, including Amdír himself, were slain in the [[Battle of Dagorlad]].<br />
<br />
===Third Age===<br />
The Galadhrim were now ruled by [[Amroth]] the son of Amdír. Around {{TA|1409}}, some Galadhrim passed over the [[Misty Mountains]] to join forces with [[Rivendell]] under [[Elrond]] against [[Angmar]]. Along with assistance with the [[Elves of Lindon]], they were successful in subduing the witch-kingdom for some time.<ref>{{App|Eriador}}</ref><br />
<br />
Around {{TA|1980}} with the freeing of [[Durin's Bane|the Balrog]] in [[Moria]] many of the Galadhrim fled south to [[Edhellond]] and sailed over Sea to [[Valinor]]. Amroth grew weary of [[Middle-earth]] and wished to sail. But he drowned in the [[Bay of Belfalas]].<br />
<br />
In her wisdom [[Galadriel]] saw that Lórien would be a stronghold and a point of power to prevent the shadow from crossing the Anduin, for the Galadhrim were hardy and valiant. But they needed a ruler of greater strength and wisdom than they possessed. That is why Galadriel and [[Celeborn]] took up their permanent abode in Lórien and its government. Under the leadership of Galadriel and Celeborn the Galadhrim prospered and their skill grew. <br />
<br />
The Galadhrim defended their home against [[orcs]], who attacked around the end of the [[Third Age]], just before [[Sauron]] was destroyed. The Galadhrim weathered all of the attacks. <br />
<br />
With the departure over Sea of Galadriel, most of the Galadhrim went with Celeborn to [[East Lórien]].<br />
<br />
==Culture==<br />
The Galadhrim prospered and were instructed under their Sindarin rulers, and afterwards by [[Lord and Lady of Galadhrim|their Lord and Lady]]. They became proficient in making [[Lembas]], [[Elven rope]], Elven-cloaks and many other crafts. They lived in [[telain]] built in the trees.<br />
<br />
They spoke [[Silvan Elvish]], and a dialect of Sindarin. Some, like [[Haldir]], but not all, could speak [[Westron]].<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
''Galadhrim'' is a [[Sindarin]] name meaning "Tree-people". The name consists of ''[[galadh]]'' ("tree") + ''[[rim|rim(b)]]'' ("great number").<ref>{{PE|17}}, p. 50</ref> See also LotR (50th) p. 341.<br />
<br />
In the first edition of ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', ''Galadhrim'' was spelt ''Galadrim''. In later editions, this was emended to the former, which [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] had decided was the correct Sindarin form.<ref>{{HM|RC}}, p. 305</ref><br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Elven peoples]]<br />
[[Category:Silvan Elves]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin demonyms]]<br />
[[de:Galadhrim]]<br />
[[fi:Galadhrim]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Lothl%C3%B3rien&diff=304946Lothlórien2019-06-01T01:03:29Z<p>Christolk: /* The Sindarin Dynasty */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{disambig-more|Lórien|[[Lórien (disambiguation)]]}}<br />
{{disambig-more|Lothlórien|[[Lothlórien (disambiguation)]]}}<br />
{{location infobox<br />
| name=Lothlórien<br />
| image=[[File:J.R.R. Tolkien - The Forest of Lothlorien in Spring.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="The Forest of Lothlorien in Spring" by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]<br />
| pronun={{respell|loth|loor|ee-en}}<br />
| othernames=Lórien, [[Lórinand]], Lindórinand, [[Dwimordene]], Laurelindórenan, Hidden Land, Golden Wood<br />
| location=East of [[Misty Mountains]] on both sides of the [[Celebrant]]<ref>{{UT|Map}}</ref><br />
| type=Forest<br />
| description=Golden wood with [[mallorn]] trees<br />
| regions=[[Naith]], [[Egladil]]<br />
| towns=[[Caras Galadhon]], [[Cerin Amroth]]<br />
| inhabitants=[[Galadhrim]] ([[Silvan Elves]]); [[Sindar]]in/[[Noldor]]in/[[Teler]]in leadership<br />
| created=<br />
| destroyed=<br />
| events=[[Quest of the Ring]], [[War of the Ring]]<br />
}}<br />
{{quote|O Lórien! The Winter comes, the bare and leafless Day;<br>The leaves are falling in the stream, the River flows away.<br>O Lórien! Too long I have dwelt upon this [[Hither Shore]]<br>And in a fading crown have twined the golden [[elanor]].|[[Galadriel]], ''[[Farewell to Lórien]]''}}<br />
<br />
'''Lothlórien''' was a kingdom of [[Silvan Elves]] on the eastern side of the [[Misty Mountains|Hithaeglir]]. It was considered one of the most beautiful and "elvish" places in [[Middle-earth]] during the [[Third Age]], and had the only [[mallorn]]-trees east of the [[Belegaer|sea]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===First Settlers===<br />
The first inhabitants of the forested area later known as Lórien were a group of [[Nandor]] that refused to cross the [[Hithaeglir]].<ref>{{UT|6a}}</ref> Lórien was probably one of their scattered settlements in the area. Later, however, as the power of the [[Longbeards]] of [[Moria]] grew, they relocated to the eastern side of the [[Anduin]], across the [[Nimrodel]]. The land in which they dwelt (the forest east of the Hithaeglir, above [[Fangorn Forest|Fangorn]] and below [[Mirkwood]]) became known in the [[Silvan Elvish|Silvan tongue]] as ''[[Lórinand]]'', or ''Laurelindórenan''.<br />
<br />
===The Sindarin Dynasty===<br />
Following the destruction of [[Beleriand]] and the [[War of Wrath]], most of the [[Noldor]]in exiles and remnants of the Sindar retreated to [[Lindon]]. The [[Valar]] reinvited these Elves to [[Aman]], but [[Amdír]], among many others, was unwilling and remained in Lindon.<ref name="AppB">{{UT|6b}}</ref> Amdír was one of the [[Iathrim]] who spent his early life in [[Doriath]].<ref name="AppB"/> He, along with his son [[Amroth]], established himself in [[Lórinand]], where he would soon lead the princeless [[Silvan Elves]].<ref name="AaN">{{UT|Amroth}}</ref> Their language was replaced by [[Sindarin]]. The arrival of the Sinda [[Amdír]] affected the Nandor of Laurelindórenan. He took over as their King, while another Sinda, [[Oropher]], became King of [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]].<ref name=Sindarin>{{UT|6b}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Celeborn]], a Sindarin elf, dwelt with his [[Noldor]]in wife [[Galadriel]] in [[Eregion]]. They made contact with the Nandor of Lórinand, and before long they passed through [[Moria]] and arrived in the woods. After the Fall of Eregion and the death of [[Celebrimbor]], [[Nenya]], one of the [[Three Rings]] of the Elves, was delivered to Galadriel.<ref name=Concerning>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> Other survivors of [[Eregion]], including many [[Noldor]] and [[Sindar]], escaped into [[Khazad-dûm]] and were granted passage by their friends the [[Dwarves]], coming eventually through the [[Misty Mountains|Mountains]] to the woodlands that would long afterwards be called [[Lórien]].<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Concerning}}</ref><br />
<br />
As [[Sauron]]'s power grew over the [[Westlands]], King Amdír marshaled the [[Elves]] of Lórinand to the [[War of the Last Alliance]]. His division was cut off from the main body during the [[Battle of Dagorlad]] and many of the Nandor went down into the [[Dead Marshes]] with their King.<ref name=Sindarin/><br />
<br />
The survivors of the battle, which included Amdír’s son [[Amroth]], returned to Lórinand. Amroth was the new King, but he was tired of Middle-earth, and wished to go West and seek [[Valinor]]. When Moria fell to evil in {{TA|1981}}, many of the Lórinand elves fled south. Around that time Amroth departed to [[Edhellond]] with his beloved, [[Nimrodel (Elf-maid)|Nimrodel]]. The Nandor never saw either of them again.<ref>{{UT|Amroth}}</ref><br />
<br />
===The Lord and Lady===<br />
[[Image:Angus McBride - Galadriel.gif|thumb|left|220px|[[Angus McBride]] - ''Galadriel'']]After Amroth and Nimrodel had passed away, Celeborn and Galadriel took the title of [[Lord and Lady of Galadhrim]], the common Sindarin name for Lórinand.<ref name=Concerning/> With Nenya, the land was kept pure and alive, and evil was not permitted to penetrate it. They moved back to the western side of Anduin, and built [[Caras Galadhon]], the great center of the woodland kingdom. There Galadriel planted the seeds of the [[mallorn]] trees that was given to her by Gil-galad when she lived in [[Lindon]], where they couldn't grow.<ref>{{UT|Numenor}}</ref> It was because of the mellyrn that Lothlórien became known as the ''Golden Wood'' thenceforth.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}, note 5</ref> Lothlórien was filled with light and life, and became beautiful and by the power of the Elven Ring the trees did not die.<br />
<br />
Under the Lord and Lady, Lothlórien prospered for more than a thousand years as time passed without decay under the golden boughs. Celeborn and Galadriel produced a daughter, [[Celebrían]] who married [[Elrond]], and their granddaughter [[Arwen|Arwen Undómiel]] was considered the fairest of the elven race at that time.<br />
<br />
In {{TA|3017}}, [[Aragorn]] passed by Lothlórien with the captured [[Gollum]] to deliver him to [[Mirkwood]]. [[Gandalf]] got word from Lothlórien on his way to the [[Shire]], and he changed his course to go and meet them.<ref>{{FR|Council}}</ref><br />
<br />
===War of the Ring===<br />
But as the [[Third Age]] began to grope for its culmination, troubles at last began to touch the Valley of Singing Gold. As the shadow of [[Sauron]] lengthened, and the [[War of the Ring]] raged, Lórien received the remnant of the [[Fellowship of the Ring]], a group of travellers on a quest of immeasurable importance. The border-wardens came across them. Among the company were [[Aragorn]], a prince of the [[Dúnedain]] and a friend of the Lady, as well as [[Legolas]] of [[Mirkwood]]. The only reservation the border-wardens had about them was the dwarf, [[Gimli]].<ref name=loth>{{FR|II6}}</ref> The Fellowship were led in blindfolded for a time, but at Galadriel's word they were taken to Caras Galadhon on [[17 January]], {{TA|3019}}, and their blindfolds were released.<ref name=Great>{{App|Great}}</ref> The very night the Fellowship arrived, a band of [[Orcs]] crossed the [[Nimrodel (river)|Nimrodel]]. A regiment or so of the [[Galadhrim]] were sent out, and destroyed the Orcs.<ref name=loth/><br />
<br />
There the Elves learned of the death of [[Gandalf]], and Galadriel knew what evil had been brought into the Golden Wood. She revealed her own ring to Frodo, and showed him her [[Mirror of Galadriel|mirror]].<ref>{{FR|II7}}</ref> Then the Fellowship was furnished with new supplies, and sent off down Anduin, bearing the gifts of the Lord and Lady.<ref>{{FR|II8}}</ref><br />
<br />
Right when the Company left, [[Gwaihir]] brought [[Gandalf]] to the Golden Wood, who was only recovering from his battle with [[Durin's Bane]]. He was healed, clothed and given a new [[staff]], before leaving for [[Fangorn]].<ref>{{TT|White}}</ref><br />
<br />
But the coming of [[The One Ring]] was only the beginning of their troubles. But they were only the heralds of greater conflicts that were to occur. [[Sauron]] unleashed massive attacks on the Golden Wood.<br />
<br />
On [[11 March]], Orcs from [[Dol Guldur]] swarmed into the forest in a full-scale assault. By the power of the Wood-elves and Galadriel’s ring, they were repulsed. The second wave came on [[15 March]], at the same time as the invasion of Mirkwood. Again, the Orcs were forced out. The third and last attack was made seven days later, [[22 March]]. They caused much destruction, but Celeborn led the Nandor in a great counter-attack that routed them utterly. Boats were made, and the armies of Lórien crossed the Anduin. They stormed [[Dol Guldur]] (the [[Nazgûl]] being absent in the war to the south), and took it. Galadriel threw down its walls, and Mirkwood was cleansed. The southern part of Mirkwood fell into the dominion of Lothlórien, and it was called [[East Lórien]].<ref name=Great/><br />
<br />
===Afterward===<br />
[[File:War in Middle Earth - Lothlórien.png|thumb|right|Lothlórien in ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien's War in Middle Earth]]'']]<br />
Only two-and-a-half years after the War of the Ring, Galadriel, the Lady of Lórien, took ship West to Valinor. Celeborn left to [[Rivendell]] several years later, and light departed from Lórien.<ref>{{App|Chief}}</ref><br />
<br />
The Eastern border of Lothlórien in the southern [[Eryn Lasgalen]] became the [[East Lórien]]. The Nandor of that land either merged into the Kingdom of [[Thranduil]], or stayed in Lórien to fade and eventually pass away westward.<br />
<br />
In the [[Fourth Age 121]], a grief-filled Arwen Undómiel travelled to Lothlórien after Aragorn surrendered his life, surrendering her own life upon [[Cerin Amroth]]. "[T]here is her green grave, until the world is changed, and all the days of her life are utterly forgotten..."<ref>{{App|Tale}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Geography==<br />
Lothlórien stood between the south-eastern end of the Misty Mountains and the great river Anduin. The river Celebrant ran through the wood from its source in the mountains to the west through to the Anduin to the east.<br />
<br />
In its earlier days, the woods of Lothlórien extended south into Fangorn Forest. In these days there was no true border between the two territories, though after conversation between [[Treebeard]] and the King of the Golden Wood it was agreed that the inhabitants of either land could walk freely at their leisure across whatever borders there may be.<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref> It is also possible that the woods of Lórien extended into the southern regions of Greenwood the Great, though there is only a small amount of evidence supporting this possibility.<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref> By the Third Age, Lórien was separate from Fangorn in the south and Mirkwood in the east by many miles.<br />
<br />
==Locations==<br />
*[[Caras Galadhon]]<br />
*[[Cerin Amroth]]<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
''Lothlórien'', said to mean "Lórien of the Blossom", is a compound of [[Sindarin]] ''[[loth]]'' + [[Quenya]] ''Lórien'' "?Dream Land"). Treebeard translates the name as "Dreamflower".<ref name=HMRC>{{HM|RC}}, p. 300 (citing from the [[Unfinished index]])</ref><br />
<br />
==Names==<br />
Lothlórien was often shortened to '''Lórien''', or the '''Golden Wood''' (referring to the golden [[mallorn]] trees that grew in that land).<ref name=HMRC/><ref name=PE17>{{PE|17}}, p. 48</ref> Other names recorded for the region were:<br />
<br />
* '''''Laurelindórenan''''' [[Quenya|Q.]] ("Valley of Singing Gold")<br />
* ''[[Lórinand]]'' ?[[Nandorin|N.]] ("valley of gold")<ref name=UTG>{{UT|Galadriel}}, note 5</ref><br />
* '''''Laurenandë''''' Q. "Valley of gold"<ref name=UTG/><br />
* '''''Glornan''''' [[Sindarin|S.]] "Valley of gold"<ref name=UTG/><br />
* '''''Nan Laur''''' S. "Valley of gold"<ref name=UTG/><br />
* '''''Lindórinand''''' ?[[Nandorin|N.]] "Vale of the Land of the Singers"<ref name=UTG/><br />
* '''''Dwimordene'''''. The name means "haunted valley" in [[Old English]].<ref>[[Robert Foster]], ''[[The Complete Guide to Middle-earth]]'', entry "Dwimordene"</ref><br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
'''1988: ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien's War in Middle Earth]]'':'''<br />
:Lórien is one of the several battlegrounds in this game. The trees are just normal trees.<br />
<br />
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Lórien was portrayed more as a city of moonshine and soft candlelight, in stark contrast to its brilliant golden appearance (filled with sunshine) in the books.<br />
<br />
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:After defeating the Balrog, the Fellowship enters Lothlórien. There are no missions; stepping towards a ladder triggers the [[Mirror of Galadriel]]-scene and continues the game.<br />
<br />
'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth]]'':'''<br />
:In the Good Campaign, Lothlórien (along with the Fellowship) is attacked by several waves of [[orcs]] and [[trolls]]. The area is full of treasures, which form the only income needed to make elven archers.<br />
<br />
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Lothlorien map.jpg|thumb|Map of Lothlórien from ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''.]]<br />
'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Similar to ''The Battle for Middle-earth'', a skirmish takes place after Fellowship's arrival in Lothlórien. Player's goal during the mission is to protect two mallorn trees from attacks for a certain period of time.<br />
<br />
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''<br />
:Lothlórien makes appearance as a Battleground in both "Evil" campaign and skirmish model. The layout of the map drastically differs from the ones in the game-predecessor.<br />
<br />
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:Lothlórien is one of major regions of the game, added following the ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria]]'' expansion. It is inhabited by over a hundred of non-playable characters, who are involved in hundreds of various quests. The map shows the major landmarks of the area: The [[Mirrormere]], rivers [[Anduin]], [[Nimrodel]] and [[Celebrant]], [[Cerin Amroth]] and [[Caras Galadhon]].<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
{{FellowshipRoute}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lothlorien}}<br />
[[Category:Forests]]<br />
[[Category:Lothlórien| ]]<br />
[[Category:Rhovanion]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]<br />
[[de:Lothlórien]]<br />
[[fi:Lothlórien]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/forets/rhovanion/lothlorien]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Lothl%C3%B3rien&diff=304945Lothlórien2019-06-01T01:02:56Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{disambig-more|Lórien|[[Lórien (disambiguation)]]}}<br />
{{disambig-more|Lothlórien|[[Lothlórien (disambiguation)]]}}<br />
{{location infobox<br />
| name=Lothlórien<br />
| image=[[File:J.R.R. Tolkien - The Forest of Lothlorien in Spring.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="The Forest of Lothlorien in Spring" by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]<br />
| pronun={{respell|loth|loor|ee-en}}<br />
| othernames=Lórien, [[Lórinand]], Lindórinand, [[Dwimordene]], Laurelindórenan, Hidden Land, Golden Wood<br />
| location=East of [[Misty Mountains]] on both sides of the [[Celebrant]]<ref>{{UT|Map}}</ref><br />
| type=Forest<br />
| description=Golden wood with [[mallorn]] trees<br />
| regions=[[Naith]], [[Egladil]]<br />
| towns=[[Caras Galadhon]], [[Cerin Amroth]]<br />
| inhabitants=[[Galadhrim]] ([[Silvan Elves]]); [[Sindar]]in/[[Noldor]]in/[[Teler]]in leadership<br />
| created=<br />
| destroyed=<br />
| events=[[Quest of the Ring]], [[War of the Ring]]<br />
}}<br />
{{quote|O Lórien! The Winter comes, the bare and leafless Day;<br>The leaves are falling in the stream, the River flows away.<br>O Lórien! Too long I have dwelt upon this [[Hither Shore]]<br>And in a fading crown have twined the golden [[elanor]].|[[Galadriel]], ''[[Farewell to Lórien]]''}}<br />
<br />
'''Lothlórien''' was a kingdom of [[Silvan Elves]] on the eastern side of the [[Misty Mountains|Hithaeglir]]. It was considered one of the most beautiful and "elvish" places in [[Middle-earth]] during the [[Third Age]], and had the only [[mallorn]]-trees east of the [[Belegaer|sea]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===First Settlers===<br />
The first inhabitants of the forested area later known as Lórien were a group of [[Nandor]] that refused to cross the [[Hithaeglir]].<ref>{{UT|6a}}</ref> Lórien was probably one of their scattered settlements in the area. Later, however, as the power of the [[Longbeards]] of [[Moria]] grew, they relocated to the eastern side of the [[Anduin]], across the [[Nimrodel]]. The land in which they dwelt (the forest east of the Hithaeglir, above [[Fangorn Forest|Fangorn]] and below [[Mirkwood]]) became known in the [[Silvan Elvish|Silvan tongue]] as ''[[Lórinand]]'', or ''Laurelindórenan''.<br />
<br />
===The Sindarin Dynasty===<br />
Following the destruction of [[Beleriand]] and the [[War of Wrath]], most of the [[Noldor]]in exiles and remnants of the Sindar retreated to [[Lindon]]. The [[Valar]] reinvited these Elves to [[Aman]], but [[Amdír]], among many others, was unwilling and remained in Lindon.<ref name="AppB">{{UT|6b}}</ref> Amdír was one of the [[Iathrim]] who spent his early life in [[Doriath]].<ref name="AppB"/> He, along with his son [[Amroth]], established himself in [[Lórinand]], where he would soon lead the princeless [[Silvan Elves]].<ref name="AaN">{{UT|Amroth}}</ref> Their language was replaced by [[Sindarin]]. The arrival of the Sinda [[Amdír]] affected the Nandor of Laurelindórenan. He took over as their King, while another Sinda, [[Oropher]], became King of [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]].<ref name=Sindarin>{{UT|6b}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Celeborn]], a Sindarin elf, dwelt with his [[Noldor]]in wife [[Galadriel]] in [[Eregion]]. They made contact with the Nandor of Lórinand, and before long they passed through [[Moria]] and arrived in the woods. After the Fall of Eregion and the death of [[Celebrimbor]], [[Nenya]], one of the [[Three Rings]] of the Elves, was delivered to Galadriel.<ref name=Concerning>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> Other survivors of [[Eregion]], including many [[Noldor]] and [[Sindar]] escaped into [[Khazad-dûm]] and were granted passage by their friends the [[Dwarves]], coming eventually through the [[Misty Mountains|Mountains]] to the woodlands that would long afterwards be called [[Lórien]].<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Concerning}}</ref><br />
<br />
As [[Sauron]]'s power grew over the [[Westlands]], King Amdír marshaled the [[Elves]] of Lórinand to the [[War of the Last Alliance]]. His division was cut off from the main body during the [[Battle of Dagorlad]] and many of the Nandor went down into the [[Dead Marshes]] with their King.<ref name=Sindarin/><br />
<br />
The survivors of the battle, which included Amdír’s son [[Amroth]], returned to Lórinand. Amroth was the new King, but he was tired of Middle-earth, and wished to go West and seek [[Valinor]]. When Moria fell to evil in {{TA|1981}}, many of the Lórinand elves fled south. Around that time Amroth departed to [[Edhellond]] with his beloved, [[Nimrodel (Elf-maid)|Nimrodel]]. The Nandor never saw either of them again.<ref>{{UT|Amroth}}</ref><br />
<br />
===The Lord and Lady===<br />
[[Image:Angus McBride - Galadriel.gif|thumb|left|220px|[[Angus McBride]] - ''Galadriel'']]After Amroth and Nimrodel had passed away, Celeborn and Galadriel took the title of [[Lord and Lady of Galadhrim]], the common Sindarin name for Lórinand.<ref name=Concerning/> With Nenya, the land was kept pure and alive, and evil was not permitted to penetrate it. They moved back to the western side of Anduin, and built [[Caras Galadhon]], the great center of the woodland kingdom. There Galadriel planted the seeds of the [[mallorn]] trees that was given to her by Gil-galad when she lived in [[Lindon]], where they couldn't grow.<ref>{{UT|Numenor}}</ref> It was because of the mellyrn that Lothlórien became known as the ''Golden Wood'' thenceforth.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}, note 5</ref> Lothlórien was filled with light and life, and became beautiful and by the power of the Elven Ring the trees did not die.<br />
<br />
Under the Lord and Lady, Lothlórien prospered for more than a thousand years as time passed without decay under the golden boughs. Celeborn and Galadriel produced a daughter, [[Celebrían]] who married [[Elrond]], and their granddaughter [[Arwen|Arwen Undómiel]] was considered the fairest of the elven race at that time.<br />
<br />
In {{TA|3017}}, [[Aragorn]] passed by Lothlórien with the captured [[Gollum]] to deliver him to [[Mirkwood]]. [[Gandalf]] got word from Lothlórien on his way to the [[Shire]], and he changed his course to go and meet them.<ref>{{FR|Council}}</ref><br />
<br />
===War of the Ring===<br />
But as the [[Third Age]] began to grope for its culmination, troubles at last began to touch the Valley of Singing Gold. As the shadow of [[Sauron]] lengthened, and the [[War of the Ring]] raged, Lórien received the remnant of the [[Fellowship of the Ring]], a group of travellers on a quest of immeasurable importance. The border-wardens came across them. Among the company were [[Aragorn]], a prince of the [[Dúnedain]] and a friend of the Lady, as well as [[Legolas]] of [[Mirkwood]]. The only reservation the border-wardens had about them was the dwarf, [[Gimli]].<ref name=loth>{{FR|II6}}</ref> The Fellowship were led in blindfolded for a time, but at Galadriel's word they were taken to Caras Galadhon on [[17 January]], {{TA|3019}}, and their blindfolds were released.<ref name=Great>{{App|Great}}</ref> The very night the Fellowship arrived, a band of [[Orcs]] crossed the [[Nimrodel (river)|Nimrodel]]. A regiment or so of the [[Galadhrim]] were sent out, and destroyed the Orcs.<ref name=loth/><br />
<br />
There the Elves learned of the death of [[Gandalf]], and Galadriel knew what evil had been brought into the Golden Wood. She revealed her own ring to Frodo, and showed him her [[Mirror of Galadriel|mirror]].<ref>{{FR|II7}}</ref> Then the Fellowship was furnished with new supplies, and sent off down Anduin, bearing the gifts of the Lord and Lady.<ref>{{FR|II8}}</ref><br />
<br />
Right when the Company left, [[Gwaihir]] brought [[Gandalf]] to the Golden Wood, who was only recovering from his battle with [[Durin's Bane]]. He was healed, clothed and given a new [[staff]], before leaving for [[Fangorn]].<ref>{{TT|White}}</ref><br />
<br />
But the coming of [[The One Ring]] was only the beginning of their troubles. But they were only the heralds of greater conflicts that were to occur. [[Sauron]] unleashed massive attacks on the Golden Wood.<br />
<br />
On [[11 March]], Orcs from [[Dol Guldur]] swarmed into the forest in a full-scale assault. By the power of the Wood-elves and Galadriel’s ring, they were repulsed. The second wave came on [[15 March]], at the same time as the invasion of Mirkwood. Again, the Orcs were forced out. The third and last attack was made seven days later, [[22 March]]. They caused much destruction, but Celeborn led the Nandor in a great counter-attack that routed them utterly. Boats were made, and the armies of Lórien crossed the Anduin. They stormed [[Dol Guldur]] (the [[Nazgûl]] being absent in the war to the south), and took it. Galadriel threw down its walls, and Mirkwood was cleansed. The southern part of Mirkwood fell into the dominion of Lothlórien, and it was called [[East Lórien]].<ref name=Great/><br />
<br />
===Afterward===<br />
[[File:War in Middle Earth - Lothlórien.png|thumb|right|Lothlórien in ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien's War in Middle Earth]]'']]<br />
Only two-and-a-half years after the War of the Ring, Galadriel, the Lady of Lórien, took ship West to Valinor. Celeborn left to [[Rivendell]] several years later, and light departed from Lórien.<ref>{{App|Chief}}</ref><br />
<br />
The Eastern border of Lothlórien in the southern [[Eryn Lasgalen]] became the [[East Lórien]]. The Nandor of that land either merged into the Kingdom of [[Thranduil]], or stayed in Lórien to fade and eventually pass away westward.<br />
<br />
In the [[Fourth Age 121]], a grief-filled Arwen Undómiel travelled to Lothlórien after Aragorn surrendered his life, surrendering her own life upon [[Cerin Amroth]]. "[T]here is her green grave, until the world is changed, and all the days of her life are utterly forgotten..."<ref>{{App|Tale}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Geography==<br />
Lothlórien stood between the south-eastern end of the Misty Mountains and the great river Anduin. The river Celebrant ran through the wood from its source in the mountains to the west through to the Anduin to the east.<br />
<br />
In its earlier days, the woods of Lothlórien extended south into Fangorn Forest. In these days there was no true border between the two territories, though after conversation between [[Treebeard]] and the King of the Golden Wood it was agreed that the inhabitants of either land could walk freely at their leisure across whatever borders there may be.<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref> It is also possible that the woods of Lórien extended into the southern regions of Greenwood the Great, though there is only a small amount of evidence supporting this possibility.<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref> By the Third Age, Lórien was separate from Fangorn in the south and Mirkwood in the east by many miles.<br />
<br />
==Locations==<br />
*[[Caras Galadhon]]<br />
*[[Cerin Amroth]]<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
''Lothlórien'', said to mean "Lórien of the Blossom", is a compound of [[Sindarin]] ''[[loth]]'' + [[Quenya]] ''Lórien'' "?Dream Land"). Treebeard translates the name as "Dreamflower".<ref name=HMRC>{{HM|RC}}, p. 300 (citing from the [[Unfinished index]])</ref><br />
<br />
==Names==<br />
Lothlórien was often shortened to '''Lórien''', or the '''Golden Wood''' (referring to the golden [[mallorn]] trees that grew in that land).<ref name=HMRC/><ref name=PE17>{{PE|17}}, p. 48</ref> Other names recorded for the region were:<br />
<br />
* '''''Laurelindórenan''''' [[Quenya|Q.]] ("Valley of Singing Gold")<br />
* ''[[Lórinand]]'' ?[[Nandorin|N.]] ("valley of gold")<ref name=UTG>{{UT|Galadriel}}, note 5</ref><br />
* '''''Laurenandë''''' Q. "Valley of gold"<ref name=UTG/><br />
* '''''Glornan''''' [[Sindarin|S.]] "Valley of gold"<ref name=UTG/><br />
* '''''Nan Laur''''' S. "Valley of gold"<ref name=UTG/><br />
* '''''Lindórinand''''' ?[[Nandorin|N.]] "Vale of the Land of the Singers"<ref name=UTG/><br />
* '''''Dwimordene'''''. The name means "haunted valley" in [[Old English]].<ref>[[Robert Foster]], ''[[The Complete Guide to Middle-earth]]'', entry "Dwimordene"</ref><br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
'''1988: ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien's War in Middle Earth]]'':'''<br />
:Lórien is one of the several battlegrounds in this game. The trees are just normal trees.<br />
<br />
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Lórien was portrayed more as a city of moonshine and soft candlelight, in stark contrast to its brilliant golden appearance (filled with sunshine) in the books.<br />
<br />
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:After defeating the Balrog, the Fellowship enters Lothlórien. There are no missions; stepping towards a ladder triggers the [[Mirror of Galadriel]]-scene and continues the game.<br />
<br />
'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth]]'':'''<br />
:In the Good Campaign, Lothlórien (along with the Fellowship) is attacked by several waves of [[orcs]] and [[trolls]]. The area is full of treasures, which form the only income needed to make elven archers.<br />
<br />
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Lothlorien map.jpg|thumb|Map of Lothlórien from ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''.]]<br />
'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Similar to ''The Battle for Middle-earth'', a skirmish takes place after Fellowship's arrival in Lothlórien. Player's goal during the mission is to protect two mallorn trees from attacks for a certain period of time.<br />
<br />
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''<br />
:Lothlórien makes appearance as a Battleground in both "Evil" campaign and skirmish model. The layout of the map drastically differs from the ones in the game-predecessor.<br />
<br />
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:Lothlórien is one of major regions of the game, added following the ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria]]'' expansion. It is inhabited by over a hundred of non-playable characters, who are involved in hundreds of various quests. The map shows the major landmarks of the area: The [[Mirrormere]], rivers [[Anduin]], [[Nimrodel]] and [[Celebrant]], [[Cerin Amroth]] and [[Caras Galadhon]].<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
{{FellowshipRoute}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lothlorien}}<br />
[[Category:Forests]]<br />
[[Category:Lothlórien| ]]<br />
[[Category:Rhovanion]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]<br />
[[de:Lothlórien]]<br />
[[fi:Lothlórien]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/forets/rhovanion/lothlorien]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Lothl%C3%B3rien&diff=304944Lothlórien2019-06-01T01:01:34Z<p>Christolk: /* The Sindarin Dynasty */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{disambig-more|Lórien|[[Lórien (disambiguation)]]}}<br />
{{disambig-more|Lothlórien|[[Lothlórien (disambiguation)]]}}<br />
{{location infobox<br />
| name=Lothlórien<br />
| image=[[File:J.R.R. Tolkien - The Forest of Lothlorien in Spring.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="The Forest of Lothlorien in Spring" by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]<br />
| pronun={{respell|loth|loor|ee-en}}<br />
| othernames=Lórien, [[Lórinand]], Lindórinand, [[Dwimordene]], Laurelindórenan, Hidden Land, Golden Wood<br />
| location=East of [[Misty Mountains]] on both sides of the [[Celebrant]]<ref>{{UT|Map}}</ref><br />
| type=Forest<br />
| description=Golden wood with [[mallorn]] trees<br />
| regions=[[Naith]], [[Egladil]]<br />
| towns=[[Caras Galadhon]], [[Cerin Amroth]]<br />
| inhabitants=[[Galadhrim]] ([[Silvan Elves]]); [[Sindar]]in/[[Noldor]]in/[[Teler]]in leadership<br />
| created=<br />
| destroyed=<br />
| events=[[Quest of the Ring]], [[War of the Ring]]<br />
}}<br />
{{quote|O Lórien! The Winter comes, the bare and leafless Day;<br>The leaves are falling in the stream, the River flows away.<br>O Lórien! Too long I have dwelt upon this [[Hither Shore]]<br>And in a fading crown have twined the golden [[elanor]].|[[Galadriel]], ''[[Farewell to Lórien]]''}}<br />
<br />
'''Lothlórien''' was a kingdom of [[Silvan Elves]] on the eastern side of the [[Misty Mountains|Hithaeglir]]. It was considered one of the most beautiful and "elvish" places in [[Middle-earth]] during the [[Third Age]], and had the only [[mallorn]]-trees east of the [[Belegaer|sea]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===First Settlers===<br />
The first inhabitants of the forested area later known as Lórien were a group of [[Nandor]] that refused to cross the [[Hithaeglir]].<ref>{{UT|6a}}</ref> Lórien was probably one of their scattered settlements in the area. Later, however, as the power of the [[Longbeards]] of [[Moria]] grew, they relocated to the eastern side of the [[Anduin]], across the [[Nimrodel]]. The land in which they dwelt (the forest east of the Hithaeglir, above [[Fangorn Forest|Fangorn]] and below [[Mirkwood]]) became known in the [[Silvan Elvish|Silvan tongue]] as ''[[Lórinand]]'', or ''Laurelindórenan''.<br />
<br />
===The Sindarin Dynasty===<br />
Following the destruction of [[Beleriand]] and the [[War of Wrath]], most of the [[Noldor]]in exiles and remnants of the Sindar retreated to [[Lindon]]. The [[Valar]] reinvited these Elves to [[Aman]], but [[Amdír]], among many others, was unwilling and remained in Lindon.<ref name="AppB">{{UT|6b}}</ref> Amdír was one of the [[Iathrim]] who spent his early life in [[Doriath]].<ref name="AppB"/> He, along with his son [[Amroth]], established himself in [[Lórinand]], where he would soon lead the princeless [[Silvan Elves]].<ref name="AaN">{{UT|Amroth}}</ref> Their language was replaced by [[Sindarin]]. The arrival of the Sinda [[Amdír]] affected the Nandor of Laurelindórenan. He took over as their King, while another Sinda, [[Oropher]], became King of [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]].<ref name=Sindarin>{{UT|6b}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Celeborn]], a Sindarin elf, dwelt with his [[Noldor]]in wife [[Galadriel]] in [[Eregion]]. They made contact with the Nandor of Lórinand, and before long they passed through [[Moria]] and arrived in the woods. After the Fall of Eregion and the death of [[Celebrimbor]], [[Nenya]], one of the [[Three Rings]] of the Elves, was delivered to Galadriel.<ref name=Concerning>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> Other survivors of [[Eregion]], including many [[Noldor]] and [[Sindar]] escaped into [[Khazad-dûm]] and were granted passage by their friends the [[Dwarves]], coming eventually through the [[Misty Mountains|Mountains]] to the woodlands that would long afterwards be called [[Lórien]].<ref name="Galadriel"/><br />
<br />
As [[Sauron]]'s power grew over the [[Westlands]], King Amdír marshaled the [[Elves]] of Lórinand to the [[War of the Last Alliance]]. His division was cut off from the main body during the [[Battle of Dagorlad]] and many of the Nandor went down into the [[Dead Marshes]] with their King.<ref name=Sindarin/><br />
<br />
The survivors of the battle, which included Amdír’s son [[Amroth]], returned to Lórinand. Amroth was the new King, but he was tired of Middle-earth, and wished to go West and seek [[Valinor]]. When Moria fell to evil in {{TA|1981}}, many of the Lórinand elves fled south. Around that time Amroth departed to [[Edhellond]] with his beloved, [[Nimrodel (Elf-maid)|Nimrodel]]. The Nandor never saw either of them again.<ref>{{UT|Amroth}}</ref><br />
<br />
===The Lord and Lady===<br />
[[Image:Angus McBride - Galadriel.gif|thumb|left|220px|[[Angus McBride]] - ''Galadriel'']]After Amroth and Nimrodel had passed away, Celeborn and Galadriel took the title of [[Lord and Lady of Galadhrim]], the common Sindarin name for Lórinand.<ref name=Concerning/> With Nenya, the land was kept pure and alive, and evil was not permitted to penetrate it. They moved back to the western side of Anduin, and built [[Caras Galadhon]], the great center of the woodland kingdom. There Galadriel planted the seeds of the [[mallorn]] trees that was given to her by Gil-galad when she lived in [[Lindon]], where they couldn't grow.<ref>{{UT|Numenor}}</ref> It was because of the mellyrn that Lothlórien became known as the ''Golden Wood'' thenceforth.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}, note 5</ref> Lothlórien was filled with light and life, and became beautiful and by the power of the Elven Ring the trees did not die.<br />
<br />
Under the Lord and Lady, Lothlórien prospered for more than a thousand years as time passed without decay under the golden boughs. Celeborn and Galadriel produced a daughter, [[Celebrían]] who married [[Elrond]], and their granddaughter [[Arwen|Arwen Undómiel]] was considered the fairest of the elven race at that time.<br />
<br />
In {{TA|3017}}, [[Aragorn]] passed by Lothlórien with the captured [[Gollum]] to deliver him to [[Mirkwood]]. [[Gandalf]] got word from Lothlórien on his way to the [[Shire]], and he changed his course to go and meet them.<ref>{{FR|Council}}</ref><br />
<br />
===War of the Ring===<br />
But as the [[Third Age]] began to grope for its culmination, troubles at last began to touch the Valley of Singing Gold. As the shadow of [[Sauron]] lengthened, and the [[War of the Ring]] raged, Lórien received the remnant of the [[Fellowship of the Ring]], a group of travellers on a quest of immeasurable importance. The border-wardens came across them. Among the company were [[Aragorn]], a prince of the [[Dúnedain]] and a friend of the Lady, as well as [[Legolas]] of [[Mirkwood]]. The only reservation the border-wardens had about them was the dwarf, [[Gimli]].<ref name=loth>{{FR|II6}}</ref> The Fellowship were led in blindfolded for a time, but at Galadriel's word they were taken to Caras Galadhon on [[17 January]], {{TA|3019}}, and their blindfolds were released.<ref name=Great>{{App|Great}}</ref> The very night the Fellowship arrived, a band of [[Orcs]] crossed the [[Nimrodel (river)|Nimrodel]]. A regiment or so of the [[Galadhrim]] were sent out, and destroyed the Orcs.<ref name=loth/><br />
<br />
There the Elves learned of the death of [[Gandalf]], and Galadriel knew what evil had been brought into the Golden Wood. She revealed her own ring to Frodo, and showed him her [[Mirror of Galadriel|mirror]].<ref>{{FR|II7}}</ref> Then the Fellowship was furnished with new supplies, and sent off down Anduin, bearing the gifts of the Lord and Lady.<ref>{{FR|II8}}</ref><br />
<br />
Right when the Company left, [[Gwaihir]] brought [[Gandalf]] to the Golden Wood, who was only recovering from his battle with [[Durin's Bane]]. He was healed, clothed and given a new [[staff]], before leaving for [[Fangorn]].<ref>{{TT|White}}</ref><br />
<br />
But the coming of [[The One Ring]] was only the beginning of their troubles. But they were only the heralds of greater conflicts that were to occur. [[Sauron]] unleashed massive attacks on the Golden Wood.<br />
<br />
On [[11 March]], Orcs from [[Dol Guldur]] swarmed into the forest in a full-scale assault. By the power of the Wood-elves and Galadriel’s ring, they were repulsed. The second wave came on [[15 March]], at the same time as the invasion of Mirkwood. Again, the Orcs were forced out. The third and last attack was made seven days later, [[22 March]]. They caused much destruction, but Celeborn led the Nandor in a great counter-attack that routed them utterly. Boats were made, and the armies of Lórien crossed the Anduin. They stormed [[Dol Guldur]] (the [[Nazgûl]] being absent in the war to the south), and took it. Galadriel threw down its walls, and Mirkwood was cleansed. The southern part of Mirkwood fell into the dominion of Lothlórien, and it was called [[East Lórien]].<ref name=Great/><br />
<br />
===Afterward===<br />
[[File:War in Middle Earth - Lothlórien.png|thumb|right|Lothlórien in ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien's War in Middle Earth]]'']]<br />
Only two-and-a-half years after the War of the Ring, Galadriel, the Lady of Lórien, took ship West to Valinor. Celeborn left to [[Rivendell]] several years later, and light departed from Lórien.<ref>{{App|Chief}}</ref><br />
<br />
The Eastern border of Lothlórien in the southern [[Eryn Lasgalen]] became the [[East Lórien]]. The Nandor of that land either merged into the Kingdom of [[Thranduil]], or stayed in Lórien to fade and eventually pass away westward.<br />
<br />
In the [[Fourth Age 121]], a grief-filled Arwen Undómiel travelled to Lothlórien after Aragorn surrendered his life, surrendering her own life upon [[Cerin Amroth]]. "[T]here is her green grave, until the world is changed, and all the days of her life are utterly forgotten..."<ref>{{App|Tale}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Geography==<br />
Lothlórien stood between the south-eastern end of the Misty Mountains and the great river Anduin. The river Celebrant ran through the wood from its source in the mountains to the west through to the Anduin to the east.<br />
<br />
In its earlier days, the woods of Lothlórien extended south into Fangorn Forest. In these days there was no true border between the two territories, though after conversation between [[Treebeard]] and the King of the Golden Wood it was agreed that the inhabitants of either land could walk freely at their leisure across whatever borders there may be.<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref> It is also possible that the woods of Lórien extended into the southern regions of Greenwood the Great, though there is only a small amount of evidence supporting this possibility.<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref> By the Third Age, Lórien was separate from Fangorn in the south and Mirkwood in the east by many miles.<br />
<br />
==Locations==<br />
*[[Caras Galadhon]]<br />
*[[Cerin Amroth]]<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
''Lothlórien'', said to mean "Lórien of the Blossom", is a compound of [[Sindarin]] ''[[loth]]'' + [[Quenya]] ''Lórien'' "?Dream Land"). Treebeard translates the name as "Dreamflower".<ref name=HMRC>{{HM|RC}}, p. 300 (citing from the [[Unfinished index]])</ref><br />
<br />
==Names==<br />
Lothlórien was often shortened to '''Lórien''', or the '''Golden Wood''' (referring to the golden [[mallorn]] trees that grew in that land).<ref name=HMRC/><ref name=PE17>{{PE|17}}, p. 48</ref> Other names recorded for the region were:<br />
<br />
* '''''Laurelindórenan''''' [[Quenya|Q.]] ("Valley of Singing Gold")<br />
* ''[[Lórinand]]'' ?[[Nandorin|N.]] ("valley of gold")<ref name=UTG>{{UT|Galadriel}}, note 5</ref><br />
* '''''Laurenandë''''' Q. "Valley of gold"<ref name=UTG/><br />
* '''''Glornan''''' [[Sindarin|S.]] "Valley of gold"<ref name=UTG/><br />
* '''''Nan Laur''''' S. "Valley of gold"<ref name=UTG/><br />
* '''''Lindórinand''''' ?[[Nandorin|N.]] "Vale of the Land of the Singers"<ref name=UTG/><br />
* '''''Dwimordene'''''. The name means "haunted valley" in [[Old English]].<ref>[[Robert Foster]], ''[[The Complete Guide to Middle-earth]]'', entry "Dwimordene"</ref><br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
'''1988: ''[[J.R.R. Tolkien's War in Middle Earth]]'':'''<br />
:Lórien is one of the several battlegrounds in this game. The trees are just normal trees.<br />
<br />
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Lórien was portrayed more as a city of moonshine and soft candlelight, in stark contrast to its brilliant golden appearance (filled with sunshine) in the books.<br />
<br />
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:After defeating the Balrog, the Fellowship enters Lothlórien. There are no missions; stepping towards a ladder triggers the [[Mirror of Galadriel]]-scene and continues the game.<br />
<br />
'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth]]'':'''<br />
:In the Good Campaign, Lothlórien (along with the Fellowship) is attacked by several waves of [[orcs]] and [[trolls]]. The area is full of treasures, which form the only income needed to make elven archers.<br />
<br />
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Lothlorien map.jpg|thumb|Map of Lothlórien from ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''.]]<br />
'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Similar to ''The Battle for Middle-earth'', a skirmish takes place after Fellowship's arrival in Lothlórien. Player's goal during the mission is to protect two mallorn trees from attacks for a certain period of time.<br />
<br />
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''<br />
:Lothlórien makes appearance as a Battleground in both "Evil" campaign and skirmish model. The layout of the map drastically differs from the ones in the game-predecessor.<br />
<br />
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:Lothlórien is one of major regions of the game, added following the ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria]]'' expansion. It is inhabited by over a hundred of non-playable characters, who are involved in hundreds of various quests. The map shows the major landmarks of the area: The [[Mirrormere]], rivers [[Anduin]], [[Nimrodel]] and [[Celebrant]], [[Cerin Amroth]] and [[Caras Galadhon]].<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
{{FellowshipRoute}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lothlorien}}<br />
[[Category:Forests]]<br />
[[Category:Lothlórien| ]]<br />
[[Category:Rhovanion]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]<br />
[[de:Lothlórien]]<br />
[[fi:Lothlórien]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/forets/rhovanion/lothlorien]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Year_of_the_Trees_1495&diff=304931Year of the Trees 14952019-05-30T23:12:39Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ardayearheader|Year of the Trees 1450|Year of the Trees 1490|Year of the Trees 1492|Year of the Trees 1495|Year of the Trees 1496|Year of the Trees 1497|Year of the Trees 1498}}<br />
<br />
* [[Morgoth|Melkor]] and [[Ungoliant]] cross the [[Pelóri]]. They go to [[Ezellohar|the Green Mound]] and destroy the [[Two Trees]]. [[Aman]] is covered in darkness.<ref>{{S|8}}</ref><ref name="AA">{{AA|107-128}}</ref><br />
* Melkor goes to [[Formenos]], kills [[Finwë]] and steals the [[Silmarils]]. Finwë's son, [[Fëanor]], names Melkor "[[Morgoth]]".<ref name="S">{{S|9}}</ref><ref name="AA"/><br />
*After his [[Finwë|father's]] death, [[Fëanor]] claimed the [[High King of the Noldor|kingship]] of all the [[Noldor]].<ref name="S"/><br />
* Morgoth and Ungoliant cross the [[Pelóri]], pass through [[Araman]], and go over the [[Helcaraxë]] to the north of [[Beleriand]]. [[Ungoliant]] demands the [[Silmarils]] and attacks Morgoth; the [[Balrogs]] come to Morgoth's aid and Ungoliant flees to [[Nan Dungortheb]].<ref name="AA"/><br />
* Morgoth goes to [[Angband]], rears up [[Thangorodrim]], and fills his fortress with [[Orcs]]. He affixes the Silmarils to his [[Iron Crown]] and declares himself King of the World.<ref name="S" /><br />
* Fëanor stirs the [[Noldor]] to leave [[Valinor]] and seek revenge - Fëanor and [[Sons of Fëanor|his sons]] swear [[Oath of Fëanor|an Oath]] pledging to reclaim the Silmarils. The [[Flight of the Noldor]] begins.<ref name="S" /><ref name="Flight"/><br />
* Fëanor goes to [[Alqualondë]] to persuade the [[Teleri]] to join the Noldor in exile. The Teleri refuse so the Noldor engage the Teleri in battle and steal their ships in the [[Kinslaying at Alqualondë|First Kinslaying]].<ref name="Flight">{{AA|129-150}}</ref><br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Years of the Trees]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=F%C3%ABanor&diff=304930Fëanor2019-05-30T23:12:22Z<p>Christolk: /* Theft of the Silmarils */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{noldor infobox<br />
| name=Fëanor<br />
| image=[[File:Catherine Karina Chmiel - Feanor.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Feanor" by [[Catherine Karina Chmiel]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=''[[Curufinwë]]'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Father-name|fn]]),<br/>''Fëanáro'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Amilessë|mn]])<br />
| titles=[[High King of the Noldor]]<br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Tirion]] in [[Valinor]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Oath of Fëanor]]<br />
| language=[[Quenya]]<br />
| birth={{YT|1169}}<br />
| birthlocation=[[Tirion]]<br />
| rule={{YT|1495}} – {{YT|1497|n}}<br />
| death={{YT|1497}}<br />
| deathlocation=Slopes of [[Ered Wethrin]]<br />
| age=328 [[Years of the Trees|Y.T.]]/3142 [[Years of the Sun|years]]<br />
| notablefor=Created the [[Silmarils]]<br />
| house=[[House of Finwë]], founded the [[House of Fëanor]]<br />
| parentage=[[Finwë]] & [[Míriel]]<br />
| siblings=[[Findis]], [[Fingolfin]], [[Írimë]] and [[Finarfin]] (half-siblings)<br />
| spouse=[[Nerdanel]]<br />
| children=[[Maedhros]], [[Maglor]], [[Celegorm]], [[Caranthir]], [[Curufin]], [[Amrod]] and [[Amras]]<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=<br />
| hair=Black<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=Sword<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{quote|For Fëanor was made the mightiest in all parts of body and mind: in valour, in endurance, in beauty, in understanding, in skill, in strength and subtlety alike: of all the Children of Ilúvatar, and a bright flame was in him.|''[[The Silmarillion]]'', [[Of the Sun and Moon and the Hiding of Valinor]]}}<br />
<br />
'''Fëanor''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈfe.anor]}}) was the second [[High King of the Noldor]], eldest and most beloved son of [[Finwë]]. He had the greatest skill of word and hand, a renowned craftsman, gem-smith, and warrior. His most famous deed was the creation of the [[Silmarils]], but he also created the ''[[palantíri]]''<ref name="SIndex">{{S|Index}}</ref>, and may also have wrought the [[Fëanorian lamps]].<ref>{{UT|Tuor}}, note 2</ref> In addition, he invented the widely-used [[Tengwar]] script. His passionate hatred of [[Morgoth]] and terrible [[Oath of Fëanor|oath]] led directly to the great triumphs and tragedies of the [[First Age]].<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
===Life in Tirion===<br />
Born in {{YT|1169}},<ref>{{MR|P2k}}, Note 1, p.101</ref> Curufinwë Fëanáro (as was his original name in [[Quenya]], pron. [[Noldorin|N]] {{IPA|[ˌkuruˈfinweˌ fe.aˈnaːro ]}}, [[Vanyarin|V]] {{IPA|[ˌkuruˈɸinweˌ ɸe.aˈnaːro ]}}<ref name="Shibboleth">{{PM|Finwe}}</ref>) was the eldest son of Finwë, the [[King of the Noldor]], and his first wife [[Míriel|Míriel Serindë]]. He drew so much of Míriel's life energy when he was born that she grew weary of living, and departed to [[Lórien in Valinor|Lórien]], where she voluntarily left her corporeal form and died. Finwë remarried, and had two more sons, Fëanor's half-brothers [[Fingolfin]] and [[Finarfin]],<ref name="Feanor">{{S|Feanor}}</ref> and two daughters, [[Findis]] and [[Írimë]].<ref name="Shibboleth"/><br />
[[File:Ryszard Derdzinski - Feanor.jpg|thumb|left|Feanor, deviser of the Tengwar]]<br />
Fëanor's skills began to blossom and other than a skilled smith, he was a linguist and a [[Lambengolmor|Loremaster]].<ref name=WJ>{{WJ|Quendi}}, pp. 396-8</ref> In {{YT|1250|n}} he devised the lettering system of [[Tengwar]], improving the work of [[Rúmil (elf of Tirion)|Rúmil]]. He then turned his mind to the study of gems.<ref name="AAsec4">{{MR|P2j}}</ref> <br />
[[File:Tuuliky - Lumen Melma.jpg|thumb|Feanor and Nerdanel]]<br />
While still a youth Fëanor wedded [[Nerdanel]], daughter of [[Mahtan]],<ref name="Feanor"/> who bore him [[Sons of Fëanor|seven sons]]: [[Maedhros]], [[Maglor]], [[Celegorm]], [[Caranthir]], [[Curufin]], [[Amrod]] and [[Amras]].<ref>{{S|Princes}}</ref><br />
<br />
In {{YT|1400|n}}<ref name="AAsec4"/> [[Morgoth|Melkor]], the mightiest of the Valar and source of evil, deceived the Valar into thinking that he had repented of his evil ways. Pardoned and residing in Valinor, he undertook to corrupt the Noldor and succeeded in making them instruments of his malice, particularly Fëanor. But Fëanor greatly mistrusted Melkor, which was part of Melkor's plan.<ref name="Feanor"/><br />
<br />
In {{YT|1449|n}} Fëanor began and by {{YT|1450|n}} he had succeeded<ref name="AAsec4"/> in the greatest of his achievements: capturing the light of the [[Two Trees]] to make the three [[Silmarils]], also called the Great Jewels. He prized the Silmarils above all else, and grew increasingly suspicious that the Valar and other Eldar coveted them. He either vainly displayed the jewels or jealously guarded them from all except his immediate family.<ref name="Silmarils">{{S|Unrest}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Feud with Fingolfin===<br />
[[Image:Antti Autio - The Threat of Feanor.jpg|thumb|left|250px|[[Antti Autio]] - ''Fëanor's threat'']]<br />
Melkor greatly desired the Silmarils and his hatred for Fëanor grew, but the Valar still did not know of Melkor's true intentions. Melkor played upon Fëanor's temperament and pride to convince him that his own half-brother Fingolfin was not only planning to usurp his place as heir to Finwë, but also seize the jewels for himself.<ref name="Silmarils"/> The Noldor then began forging weapons, which at that point no other Eldar possessed in Valinor. Fëanor's hostility grew to the point where, in {{YT|1490|n}},<ref name="AAsec4"/> he threatened Fingolfin's life. For this, the Valar exiled him to [[Formenos]]. He took a substantial treasure with him, including the Silmarils, which he stowed in a locked box. In a show of support for his eldest son, Finwë withdrew to Formenos as well.<ref name="Silmarils"/><br />
<br />
The Valar realized that Melkor was behind Fëanor's actions. They sent [[Tulkas]] to imprison him again, but he could not be found. Melkor was not seen for a long time, until in {{YT|1492|n}},<ref name="AAsec4"/> he unexpectedly showed up at Formenos. Melkor tried again to manipulate Fëanor, but he went too far, and Fëanor realized that Melkor's true goal was to obtain the Silmarils. He shut the door in Melkor's face. In a rage, Melkor left. When the Valar heard of the incident, they resumed the hunt. But it was apparent that Melkor had fled from Valinor.<ref name="Silmarils"/><br />
<br />
===Theft of the Silmarils===<br />
In {{YT|1495|n}}<ref name="AAsec4"/> the Valar sought to reconcile Fëanor and Fingolfin, and to mend the enmity between the Noldor and Valar, and invited them all to Valinor to make peace. Fingolfin offered a hand to his half-brother, recognizing Fëanor's place as the eldest, which he grudgingly accepted.<br />
<br />
Following his father's death, Fëanor claimed the [[High King of the Noldor|kingship]] of all the [[Noldor]].<ref name="S9">{{S|9}}</ref> <br />
<br />
[[File:Amanyar - Fëanor device.png|right|120px|thumb|Fëanor's device.]]Meanwhile, after first feigning to go north, Melkor had stolen away to [[Avathar]] in the south of Aman to seek out the evil, spider-like creature [[Ungoliant]]. Even as Fëanor and Fingolfin were reconciled, Ungoliant helped Morgoth destroy the Two Trees, bringing darkness to Valinor.<ref>{{S|Darkening}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Yavanna]] examined the Two Trees and found them lifeless. The light of the Trees survived only in the Silmarils and she said that only by their power could she restore the Trees. [[Manwë]] then asked Fëanor to give them up for this purpose but Fëanor emphatically declared that he would not give up his Silmarils of his own free will; if the Valar forced him, he said, they would be no better than Melkor. It was after this that messengers came telling of the raid at Formenos.<br />
<br />
According to the messengers, Melkor, surrounded by an impenetrable black fog, had come to Fëanor's vault in Formenos. Finwë the King fought and lost against Melkor, and was the first to be slain in Valinor. Melkor ransacked the vault, taking many valuable jewels, including the Silmarils. He and Ungoliant escaped by crossing the [[Helcaraxë]], or Grinding Ice, in the north to [[Beleriand]] in Middle-earth.<ref name="Flight">{{S|Flight}}</ref><br />
<br />
===The Kinslaying===<br />
[[Image:Tuuliky - Feanor.jpg|thumb|200px|left|Tuuliky - ''Fëanor'']]The Valar and Eldar now fully understood the extent of Melkor's treachery. Fëanor, upon learning of his father's murder and the theft of his prized Silmarils, named Melkor "Morgoth", or "Black Enemy". Claiming kingship over the Noldor, Fëanor delivered an impassioned speech, which he unwittingly filled with Morgoth's taint. He rallied the Noldor against the Dark Lord, but because of Morgoth's influence, he also blamed the Valar for Morgoth's deeds. He persuaded most of his people that because the Valar had abandoned them, the Noldor must follow him to Middle-earth and fight the Dark Lord. Fëanor then swore the terrible [[Oath of Fëanor]] which all seven of his sons also proclaimed, vowing to fight anyone and everyone—whether Elf, Man, Maia, or Vala—who withheld the Silmarils, and invoking even [[Ilúvatar]] as a witness. This Oath led to much conflict and later caused great tragedy among his seven sons.<br />
<br />
Seeking a way to get to Middle-earth, he went to the shores of Aman, where the seafaring [[Teleri]] lived, and demanded the use of their ships. When Teleri refused to give or lend their vessels, Fëanor ordered the Noldor to take the ships. The Teleri resisted, and a battle broke out, in which many of the Teleri were slain, for they were armed with mere hunting bows, against the fully armed Noldor. Three times the Teleri were able to push back Fëanor until Fingolfin and Finarfin brought up their host, overwhelming the Teleri.<br />
<br />
In repentance of this act, Finarfin, Finwë's third son, took his host and turned back. They were accepted by the Valar, and Finarfin ruled as King of the remaining Noldor in Valinor.<ref name="Flight"/><br />
</br></br><br />
<br />
===Exile in Middle-earth===<br />
[[File:NOLANOS - La Quema de las Naves.jpg|thumb|NOLANOS - ''La Quema de las Naves'']]<br />
As the year {{YT|1496|n}} wore on Fëanor led the Noldor northward. By {{YT|1497|n}} the host had reached the [[Helkaraxë]] and halted.<ref>{{MR|P2m}}</ref> There were not enough ships to carry all of the Noldor across the sea, so Fëanor and his sons led the first group. Upon arriving at [[Losgar]], in the land of [[Lammoth]], in the far west of [[Beleriand]], where Morgoth and Ungoliant had passed not long before, Fëanor decided to burn the ships and leave the followers of Fingolfin behind.<ref name="Flight"/> The earth being flat in those days, the remaining Noldor saw the flames, and perceived that if they were to reach Middle-earth, they had no choice but to cross the Helcaraxë. This they did under the leadership of Fingolfin, and suffered heavy losses along the way, which greatly added to the animosity they had for Fëanor and his sons.<ref name="Flight"/><br />
[[Image:Jenny Dolfen - Feanor's Last Stand.jpg|thumb|200px|left|Jenny Dolfen - ''Fëanor's Last Stand'']]<br />
Learning of the Noldor's arrival, Morgoth summoned his armies from his fortress of [[Angband]] and attacked Fëanor's encampment in [[Mithrim]]. This battle was called the [[Dagor-nuin-Giliath]] ("Battle under the Stars"), for the [[Sun]] and [[Moon]] had not yet been made. The Noldor managed to win the battle and disperse Morgoth's armies. Fëanor, still in a great rage, pressed on toward Angband with his sons. He came even within sight of Angband, but was ambushed by a force of [[Balrogs]], with few elves about him. He fought mightily, hewing his foe even after receiving several wounds from [[Gothmog (balrog)|Gothmog]], lord of Balrogs. <br />
<br />
His sons came upon the balrogs with great force of elves, and were able to drive them off. However, as Fëanor was being carried off the battlefield, he knew his wounds were fatal. He was brought to the slopes of the [[Ered Wethrin]] from where he saw from afar the peaks of [[Thangorodrim]]. He cursed Angband thrice, but with the eyes of death, he knew that his elves, unaided, would never throw down the dark towers. At the moment of his death the passing of his fiery spirit reduced his body to ashes. He was the only person to die this way, for no death like his was ever seen or heard.<ref name="S|Return">{{S|Return}}</ref><br />
<br />
His sons were still bound by the Oath to recover the Silmarils, which would determine many of the events of Middle-earth during the First Age.<br />
<br />
Fëanor's spirit remained in the [[Halls of Mandos]] and was not reincarnated in Valinor.<ref name="S|Return">{{S|Return}}</ref> It is said that he will return only for [[Dagor Dagorath]], and will finally reclaim his beloved Silmarils, and then surrender them to [[Yavanna]].<ref name "SM|CQ19">{{SM|CQ19}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Genealogy ==<br />
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;"><br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| MHT | | MIR |y| FIN |y| IND | | | | | | | | | | | | |MHT=[[Mahtan]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>| MIR=[[Míriel]]<br/><small>''d. {{YT|1170}}''</small>|FIN=[[Finwë]]<br/><small>''d. {{YT|1495}}''</small>|IND=[[Indis]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |!| | | | | |!| | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| NRD |~|y|~| FEA | | FDS | | FNG | | IRM | | FRF | | |NRD=[[Nerdanel]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FEA='''FËANOR'''<br/><small>''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''</small>|FDS=[[Findis]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]<br/><small>''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''</small>|IRM=[[Írimë]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FRF=[[Finarfin]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT|1230}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |,|-|-|^|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| |}}<br />
{{familytree| MDH | | MAG | | CEL | | CAR | | CUR | | AMD | | AMR |MDH=[[Maedhros]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|587}}''</small>|MAG=[[Maglor]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|CEL=[[Celegorm]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|506}}''</small>|CAR=[[Caranthir]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|506}}''</small>|CUR=[[Curufin]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|506}}''</small>|AMD=[[Amrod]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|538}}''</small>|AMR=[[Amras]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|538}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | CLB | | | | | | | | |CLB=[[Celebrimbor]]<br/><small>''d. {{SA|1697}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
== Etymology ==<br />
{{Pronounce|Feanor.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
Fëanor's [[father-name]] was ''[[Curufinwë]]'', "Skillful Finwë", by adding ''[[curu]]'', the [[Quenya]] noun for "skill", to his father's name. He later gave his favorite son [[Curufin]] the same father-name. His [[Amilessë|mother-name]] was '''Fëanáro''', which translates as "spirit of fire",<ref name="Shibboleth"/> being formed by adding ''[[fëa]]'', a Quenya noun for "spirit" and ''[[Nár (Quenya)|nár]]'', "flame". Apparently, the masculine ending ''[[-o]]'' is also present. <br />
<br />
The name Fëanor is the [[Sindarization|Sindarized]] version of his mother-name; the proper [[Sindarin]] form of his name was '''Faenor'''.<ref name="Shibboleth"/><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[:Category:Images of Fëanor|Images of Fëanor]]<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.minastirith.com/cgi-bin/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=2;t=000635 What do you think of Fëanor?] - Discussion on MinasTirith.com<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Feanor}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:House of Finwë]]<br />
[[Category:House of Fëanor| ]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin names]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
<br />
[[de:Feanor]]<br />
[[fi:Fëanor]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/feanor]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=F%C3%ABanor&diff=304929Fëanor2019-05-30T23:11:59Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{noldor infobox<br />
| name=Fëanor<br />
| image=[[File:Catherine Karina Chmiel - Feanor.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Feanor" by [[Catherine Karina Chmiel]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=''[[Curufinwë]]'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Father-name|fn]]),<br/>''Fëanáro'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Amilessë|mn]])<br />
| titles=[[High King of the Noldor]]<br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Tirion]] in [[Valinor]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Oath of Fëanor]]<br />
| language=[[Quenya]]<br />
| birth={{YT|1169}}<br />
| birthlocation=[[Tirion]]<br />
| rule={{YT|1495}} – {{YT|1497|n}}<br />
| death={{YT|1497}}<br />
| deathlocation=Slopes of [[Ered Wethrin]]<br />
| age=328 [[Years of the Trees|Y.T.]]/3142 [[Years of the Sun|years]]<br />
| notablefor=Created the [[Silmarils]]<br />
| house=[[House of Finwë]], founded the [[House of Fëanor]]<br />
| parentage=[[Finwë]] & [[Míriel]]<br />
| siblings=[[Findis]], [[Fingolfin]], [[Írimë]] and [[Finarfin]] (half-siblings)<br />
| spouse=[[Nerdanel]]<br />
| children=[[Maedhros]], [[Maglor]], [[Celegorm]], [[Caranthir]], [[Curufin]], [[Amrod]] and [[Amras]]<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=<br />
| hair=Black<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=Sword<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{quote|For Fëanor was made the mightiest in all parts of body and mind: in valour, in endurance, in beauty, in understanding, in skill, in strength and subtlety alike: of all the Children of Ilúvatar, and a bright flame was in him.|''[[The Silmarillion]]'', [[Of the Sun and Moon and the Hiding of Valinor]]}}<br />
<br />
'''Fëanor''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈfe.anor]}}) was the second [[High King of the Noldor]], eldest and most beloved son of [[Finwë]]. He had the greatest skill of word and hand, a renowned craftsman, gem-smith, and warrior. His most famous deed was the creation of the [[Silmarils]], but he also created the ''[[palantíri]]''<ref name="SIndex">{{S|Index}}</ref>, and may also have wrought the [[Fëanorian lamps]].<ref>{{UT|Tuor}}, note 2</ref> In addition, he invented the widely-used [[Tengwar]] script. His passionate hatred of [[Morgoth]] and terrible [[Oath of Fëanor|oath]] led directly to the great triumphs and tragedies of the [[First Age]].<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
===Life in Tirion===<br />
Born in {{YT|1169}},<ref>{{MR|P2k}}, Note 1, p.101</ref> Curufinwë Fëanáro (as was his original name in [[Quenya]], pron. [[Noldorin|N]] {{IPA|[ˌkuruˈfinweˌ fe.aˈnaːro ]}}, [[Vanyarin|V]] {{IPA|[ˌkuruˈɸinweˌ ɸe.aˈnaːro ]}}<ref name="Shibboleth">{{PM|Finwe}}</ref>) was the eldest son of Finwë, the [[King of the Noldor]], and his first wife [[Míriel|Míriel Serindë]]. He drew so much of Míriel's life energy when he was born that she grew weary of living, and departed to [[Lórien in Valinor|Lórien]], where she voluntarily left her corporeal form and died. Finwë remarried, and had two more sons, Fëanor's half-brothers [[Fingolfin]] and [[Finarfin]],<ref name="Feanor">{{S|Feanor}}</ref> and two daughters, [[Findis]] and [[Írimë]].<ref name="Shibboleth"/><br />
[[File:Ryszard Derdzinski - Feanor.jpg|thumb|left|Feanor, deviser of the Tengwar]]<br />
Fëanor's skills began to blossom and other than a skilled smith, he was a linguist and a [[Lambengolmor|Loremaster]].<ref name=WJ>{{WJ|Quendi}}, pp. 396-8</ref> In {{YT|1250|n}} he devised the lettering system of [[Tengwar]], improving the work of [[Rúmil (elf of Tirion)|Rúmil]]. He then turned his mind to the study of gems.<ref name="AAsec4">{{MR|P2j}}</ref> <br />
[[File:Tuuliky - Lumen Melma.jpg|thumb|Feanor and Nerdanel]]<br />
While still a youth Fëanor wedded [[Nerdanel]], daughter of [[Mahtan]],<ref name="Feanor"/> who bore him [[Sons of Fëanor|seven sons]]: [[Maedhros]], [[Maglor]], [[Celegorm]], [[Caranthir]], [[Curufin]], [[Amrod]] and [[Amras]].<ref>{{S|Princes}}</ref><br />
<br />
In {{YT|1400|n}}<ref name="AAsec4"/> [[Morgoth|Melkor]], the mightiest of the Valar and source of evil, deceived the Valar into thinking that he had repented of his evil ways. Pardoned and residing in Valinor, he undertook to corrupt the Noldor and succeeded in making them instruments of his malice, particularly Fëanor. But Fëanor greatly mistrusted Melkor, which was part of Melkor's plan.<ref name="Feanor"/><br />
<br />
In {{YT|1449|n}} Fëanor began and by {{YT|1450|n}} he had succeeded<ref name="AAsec4"/> in the greatest of his achievements: capturing the light of the [[Two Trees]] to make the three [[Silmarils]], also called the Great Jewels. He prized the Silmarils above all else, and grew increasingly suspicious that the Valar and other Eldar coveted them. He either vainly displayed the jewels or jealously guarded them from all except his immediate family.<ref name="Silmarils">{{S|Unrest}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Feud with Fingolfin===<br />
[[Image:Antti Autio - The Threat of Feanor.jpg|thumb|left|250px|[[Antti Autio]] - ''Fëanor's threat'']]<br />
Melkor greatly desired the Silmarils and his hatred for Fëanor grew, but the Valar still did not know of Melkor's true intentions. Melkor played upon Fëanor's temperament and pride to convince him that his own half-brother Fingolfin was not only planning to usurp his place as heir to Finwë, but also seize the jewels for himself.<ref name="Silmarils"/> The Noldor then began forging weapons, which at that point no other Eldar possessed in Valinor. Fëanor's hostility grew to the point where, in {{YT|1490|n}},<ref name="AAsec4"/> he threatened Fingolfin's life. For this, the Valar exiled him to [[Formenos]]. He took a substantial treasure with him, including the Silmarils, which he stowed in a locked box. In a show of support for his eldest son, Finwë withdrew to Formenos as well.<ref name="Silmarils"/><br />
<br />
The Valar realized that Melkor was behind Fëanor's actions. They sent [[Tulkas]] to imprison him again, but he could not be found. Melkor was not seen for a long time, until in {{YT|1492|n}},<ref name="AAsec4"/> he unexpectedly showed up at Formenos. Melkor tried again to manipulate Fëanor, but he went too far, and Fëanor realized that Melkor's true goal was to obtain the Silmarils. He shut the door in Melkor's face. In a rage, Melkor left. When the Valar heard of the incident, they resumed the hunt. But it was apparent that Melkor had fled from Valinor.<ref name="Silmarils"/><br />
<br />
===Theft of the Silmarils===<br />
In {{YT|1495|n}}<ref name="AAsec4"/> the Valar sought to reconcile Fëanor and Fingolfin, and to mend the enmity between the Noldor and Valar, and invited them all to Valinor to make peace. Fingolfin offered a hand to his half-brother, recognizing Fëanor's place as the eldest, which he grudgingly accepted.<br />
<br />
Following his father's death, Fëanor claimed the [[High King of the Noldor|kingship]] of all the [[Noldor]].<ref name="S9">{{S|9}}</ref> <br />
<br />
<br />
[[File:Amanyar - Fëanor device.png|right|120px|thumb|Fëanor's device.]]Meanwhile, after first feigning to go north, Melkor had stolen away to [[Avathar]] in the south of Aman to seek out the evil, spider-like creature [[Ungoliant]]. Even as Fëanor and Fingolfin were reconciled, Ungoliant helped Morgoth destroy the Two Trees, bringing darkness to Valinor.<ref>{{S|Darkening}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Yavanna]] examined the Two Trees and found them lifeless. The light of the Trees survived only in the Silmarils and she said that only by their power could she restore the Trees. [[Manwë]] then asked Fëanor to give them up for this purpose but Fëanor emphatically declared that he would not give up his Silmarils of his own free will; if the Valar forced him, he said, they would be no better than Melkor. It was after this that messengers came telling of the raid at Formenos.<br />
<br />
According to the messengers, Melkor, surrounded by an impenetrable black fog, had come to Fëanor's vault in Formenos. Finwë the King fought and lost against Melkor, and was the first to be slain in Valinor. Melkor ransacked the vault, taking many valuable jewels, including the Silmarils. He and Ungoliant escaped by crossing the [[Helcaraxë]], or Grinding Ice, in the north to [[Beleriand]] in Middle-earth.<ref name="Flight">{{S|Flight}}</ref><br />
<br />
===The Kinslaying===<br />
[[Image:Tuuliky - Feanor.jpg|thumb|200px|left|Tuuliky - ''Fëanor'']]The Valar and Eldar now fully understood the extent of Melkor's treachery. Fëanor, upon learning of his father's murder and the theft of his prized Silmarils, named Melkor "Morgoth", or "Black Enemy". Claiming kingship over the Noldor, Fëanor delivered an impassioned speech, which he unwittingly filled with Morgoth's taint. He rallied the Noldor against the Dark Lord, but because of Morgoth's influence, he also blamed the Valar for Morgoth's deeds. He persuaded most of his people that because the Valar had abandoned them, the Noldor must follow him to Middle-earth and fight the Dark Lord. Fëanor then swore the terrible [[Oath of Fëanor]] which all seven of his sons also proclaimed, vowing to fight anyone and everyone—whether Elf, Man, Maia, or Vala—who withheld the Silmarils, and invoking even [[Ilúvatar]] as a witness. This Oath led to much conflict and later caused great tragedy among his seven sons.<br />
<br />
Seeking a way to get to Middle-earth, he went to the shores of Aman, where the seafaring [[Teleri]] lived, and demanded the use of their ships. When Teleri refused to give or lend their vessels, Fëanor ordered the Noldor to take the ships. The Teleri resisted, and a battle broke out, in which many of the Teleri were slain, for they were armed with mere hunting bows, against the fully armed Noldor. Three times the Teleri were able to push back Fëanor until Fingolfin and Finarfin brought up their host, overwhelming the Teleri.<br />
<br />
In repentance of this act, Finarfin, Finwë's third son, took his host and turned back. They were accepted by the Valar, and Finarfin ruled as King of the remaining Noldor in Valinor.<ref name="Flight"/><br />
</br></br><br />
<br />
===Exile in Middle-earth===<br />
[[File:NOLANOS - La Quema de las Naves.jpg|thumb|NOLANOS - ''La Quema de las Naves'']]<br />
As the year {{YT|1496|n}} wore on Fëanor led the Noldor northward. By {{YT|1497|n}} the host had reached the [[Helkaraxë]] and halted.<ref>{{MR|P2m}}</ref> There were not enough ships to carry all of the Noldor across the sea, so Fëanor and his sons led the first group. Upon arriving at [[Losgar]], in the land of [[Lammoth]], in the far west of [[Beleriand]], where Morgoth and Ungoliant had passed not long before, Fëanor decided to burn the ships and leave the followers of Fingolfin behind.<ref name="Flight"/> The earth being flat in those days, the remaining Noldor saw the flames, and perceived that if they were to reach Middle-earth, they had no choice but to cross the Helcaraxë. This they did under the leadership of Fingolfin, and suffered heavy losses along the way, which greatly added to the animosity they had for Fëanor and his sons.<ref name="Flight"/><br />
[[Image:Jenny Dolfen - Feanor's Last Stand.jpg|thumb|200px|left|Jenny Dolfen - ''Fëanor's Last Stand'']]<br />
Learning of the Noldor's arrival, Morgoth summoned his armies from his fortress of [[Angband]] and attacked Fëanor's encampment in [[Mithrim]]. This battle was called the [[Dagor-nuin-Giliath]] ("Battle under the Stars"), for the [[Sun]] and [[Moon]] had not yet been made. The Noldor managed to win the battle and disperse Morgoth's armies. Fëanor, still in a great rage, pressed on toward Angband with his sons. He came even within sight of Angband, but was ambushed by a force of [[Balrogs]], with few elves about him. He fought mightily, hewing his foe even after receiving several wounds from [[Gothmog (balrog)|Gothmog]], lord of Balrogs. <br />
<br />
His sons came upon the balrogs with great force of elves, and were able to drive them off. However, as Fëanor was being carried off the battlefield, he knew his wounds were fatal. He was brought to the slopes of the [[Ered Wethrin]] from where he saw from afar the peaks of [[Thangorodrim]]. He cursed Angband thrice, but with the eyes of death, he knew that his elves, unaided, would never throw down the dark towers. At the moment of his death the passing of his fiery spirit reduced his body to ashes. He was the only person to die this way, for no death like his was ever seen or heard.<ref name="S|Return">{{S|Return}}</ref><br />
<br />
His sons were still bound by the Oath to recover the Silmarils, which would determine many of the events of Middle-earth during the First Age.<br />
<br />
Fëanor's spirit remained in the [[Halls of Mandos]] and was not reincarnated in Valinor.<ref name="S|Return">{{S|Return}}</ref> It is said that he will return only for [[Dagor Dagorath]], and will finally reclaim his beloved Silmarils, and then surrender them to [[Yavanna]].<ref name "SM|CQ19">{{SM|CQ19}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Genealogy ==<br />
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;"><br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| MHT | | MIR |y| FIN |y| IND | | | | | | | | | | | | |MHT=[[Mahtan]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>| MIR=[[Míriel]]<br/><small>''d. {{YT|1170}}''</small>|FIN=[[Finwë]]<br/><small>''d. {{YT|1495}}''</small>|IND=[[Indis]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |!| | | | | |!| | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| NRD |~|y|~| FEA | | FDS | | FNG | | IRM | | FRF | | |NRD=[[Nerdanel]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FEA='''FËANOR'''<br/><small>''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''</small>|FDS=[[Findis]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]<br/><small>''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''</small>|IRM=[[Írimë]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FRF=[[Finarfin]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT|1230}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |,|-|-|^|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| |}}<br />
{{familytree| MDH | | MAG | | CEL | | CAR | | CUR | | AMD | | AMR |MDH=[[Maedhros]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|587}}''</small>|MAG=[[Maglor]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|CEL=[[Celegorm]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|506}}''</small>|CAR=[[Caranthir]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|506}}''</small>|CUR=[[Curufin]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|506}}''</small>|AMD=[[Amrod]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|538}}''</small>|AMR=[[Amras]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|538}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | CLB | | | | | | | | |CLB=[[Celebrimbor]]<br/><small>''d. {{SA|1697}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
== Etymology ==<br />
{{Pronounce|Feanor.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
Fëanor's [[father-name]] was ''[[Curufinwë]]'', "Skillful Finwë", by adding ''[[curu]]'', the [[Quenya]] noun for "skill", to his father's name. He later gave his favorite son [[Curufin]] the same father-name. His [[Amilessë|mother-name]] was '''Fëanáro''', which translates as "spirit of fire",<ref name="Shibboleth"/> being formed by adding ''[[fëa]]'', a Quenya noun for "spirit" and ''[[Nár (Quenya)|nár]]'', "flame". Apparently, the masculine ending ''[[-o]]'' is also present. <br />
<br />
The name Fëanor is the [[Sindarization|Sindarized]] version of his mother-name; the proper [[Sindarin]] form of his name was '''Faenor'''.<ref name="Shibboleth"/><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[:Category:Images of Fëanor|Images of Fëanor]]<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.minastirith.com/cgi-bin/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=2;t=000635 What do you think of Fëanor?] - Discussion on MinasTirith.com<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Feanor}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:House of Finwë]]<br />
[[Category:House of Fëanor| ]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin names]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
<br />
[[de:Feanor]]<br />
[[fi:Fëanor]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/feanor]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Rings_of_Power&diff=304915Rings of Power2019-05-29T01:27:57Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''The Rings of Power''' were Rings created by the [[Elves]] of [[Eregion]], nineteen '''Great Rings''' (and many other lesser rings) with knowledge obtained from [[Sauron]], and several of them with Sauron aiding the creation. Sauron forged the twentieth Great Ring, called [[the One Ring]] or the Ruling Ring, secretly in the fires of [[Mount Doom]].<br />
<br />
==Twenty Rings==<br />
* The ''[[Three Rings]]'' of the Elves were forged by [[Celebrimbor]] alone, and were never touched by Sauron. They were made last, however, and their forging involved some of the arts taught by "Annatar". Thus they too were bound to the One Ring to some extent. They were named [[Narya]] the Ring of Fire, [[Nenya]] the Ring of Water, and [[Vilya]] the Ring of Air; they remained hidden from Sauron.<br />
* Sauron gave some six Rings to the Dwarf-kings, although according to Dwarvish tradition the Elves already gave [[Ring of Thrór|another]] to [[Durin III]]. The Dwarves used their ''[[Seven Rings]]'' to establish their treasure hoards, but Sauron was unable to force the Dwarven bearers to submit. It is believed that the dwarves' natural hardiness, and the fact that it was only the more powerful dwarf lords who possessed them, made them resistant to Sauron's control, yet allowed them to accumulate treasure. The [[Ring of Thrór|final ring]] to leave the possession of the dwarves occurred when [[Thráin|Thráin II]] was captured.<br />
* The remaining ''[[Nine Rings]]'' were divided amongst those evil-hearted men who saw their abilities increase, and became sorcerers and Kings among Men. They gained longevity but then faded away to become the Nazgûl, the [[Nazgûl|Ringwraiths]], dominated under Sauron's will.<br />
* The ''[[The One Ring|One Ring]]'', secretly forged by Sauron in the heart of [[Mount Doom]], had the power to dominate the sixteen rings owned by Dwarves and Men. His domain over the other rings was incomplete, but he placed a large amount of his own power into it at its forging; a necessity that later led to his downfall at [[Frodo Baggins]]' hands.<br />
<br />
A verse that summarizes the Great Rings and their ownership is an important part of the lore of Middle-earth. It translates as follows:<br />
<br />
<poem style="font-style:italic; margin-left:20px;">Three Rings for the Elven-kings under the sky,<br />
Seven for the Dwarf-lords in their halls of stone,<br />
Nine for Mortal Men doomed to die,<br />
One for the Dark Lord on his dark throne<br />
In the Land of Mordor where the Shadows lie<br />
One ring to rule them all, one ring to find them,<br />
One ring to bring them all and in the darkness bind them<br />
In the Land of Mordor where the Shadows lie.</poem><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
=== Creation ===<br />
<!--"forging" in "Eriador#War with Sauron" and "Events" in Eriador infobox both link here--><br />
[[Image:Angus McBride - Celebrimbor.gif|thumb|left|Celebrimbor forges the Rings of Power]]<br />
Around {{SA|1200}}, Sauron started to corrupt the [[Elves]].<ref name="B">{{App|B1}}</ref> He did not manage to approach [[Gil-galad]] and [[Elrond]] but he had better luck with the Elven-smiths of [[Eregion]]. The [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]] of [[Eregion]] were mostly [[Noldor]], and wished to have the same joys in [[Middle-earth]] as the Elves who had returned to [[Valinor]]. Sauron therefore presented himself as "[[Annatar]]", an emissary from the [[Valar]],<ref name="Rings">{{S|Rings}}</ref> and tempted the Elves by offering the knowledge to transform Middle-earth.<br />
<br />
"Annatar" taught the smiths the knowledge how to create Rings, which would grant the Elves who wear them certain powers. At first the Elves created some [[lesser rings]], which were only essays in the craft before it was full-grown. In approximately {{SA|1500}} the Greater 16 were created.<ref name="B"/> When Annatar departed from Eregion, [[Celebrimbor]] went on to forge the [[Three Rings]] using the knowledge he had gained from him, but without his involvement, and finished them around {{SA|1590}}. <br />
<br />
Sauron then created [[The One Ring]] around {{SA|1600|n}}, alone, in the heart of [[Mount Doom]]. Its purpose was to rule over all the other rings, and Sauron put a great part of his power into it. The Elves, upon creation of the One, heard Sauron speak the [[Ring Poem|spell]], and realized they had been betrayed.<ref>{{FR|Council}}</ref> <br />
===Advent of Sauron===<br />
As soon as Sauron put on The One Ring, the bearers of the Three became aware of him and took them off in fear and anger. They defied Sauron and refused to use the Rings. Seeing this, Sauron attempted to claim the Rings to distribute them to other peoples; he [[War of the Elves and Sauron|waged War against the Elves]], and although the Elves fought valiantly, Eregion was destroyed. Celebrimbor however managed to salvage the Three he created himself and secretly gave them to [[Gil-galad]], [[Círdan]], and [[Galadriel]]. They were originally given to the three greatest [[Eldar]] in [[Middle-earth]] at that time.<ref name="Rings"/><ref name="B"/> During the [[Sack of Eregion]], Sauron took Nine Rings and other lesser works from them; but he could not find the rest. Then [[Celebrimbor]] was put to torment, and he revealed about the Seven of them.<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref><br />
<br />
Sauron then distributed them to Lords who desired secret power beyond their nature, hoping to bring them under his sway; [[Men]] who were the readiest to his will, became powerful sorcerers and Kings; and [[Dwarves]] who grew greedier and augmented their treasures. As Sauron had to do with ther making, he easily perverted and accursed the Rings, betraying those who wore them.<ref name="Rings"/><br />
<br />
The Mannish lords who held the Nine were consumed by them and entered the [[wraith-world]], becoming the [[Nazgûl|Ringwraiths]], servants of Sauron without will. The Dwarves who held the Seven were largely (but not totally) unaffected, but the wrath and greed brought upon them brought evils that benefitted Sauron. The Three were always held by the Elves, and [[Gandalf]] upon his arrival.<ref name="Rings"/><br />
<br />
===Final disposition===<br />
During the [[Third Age]], four of the Seven were destroyed during the Dwarves' conflicts with [[Dragons]], and after Sauron's return he recaptured the remaining three, the [[Ring of Thrór|last]] from [[Thráin|Thráin II]]. The Nine he took back from his [[Nazgûl|Ringwraiths]], and they were still in his possession at the time of the [[War of the Ring]].<br />
<br />
Nothing is known of the fate of the [[lesser rings]], made as essays to the craft, but, according to [[Gandalf]], still dangerous for mortals that might have found them.<ref>{{FR|Shadow}}</ref><br />
<br />
The One was lost and refound until it was destroyed in the [[Cracks of Doom|Crack of Doom]]. With its destruction, the existing Rings were freed from Sauron's control, but may have lost their power altogether. They were presumably buried in the ruins of [[Barad-dûr]], or perhaps simply faded, while the (powerless) Three were taken with their bearers to [[Aman]].<br />
<br />
== Powers and properties ==<br />
The Rings of Power all had certain common properties. The Elves of Eregion created the rings to preserve their lands, attempting to make them as beautiful as [[Valinor]]. Thus, a primary power of the rings was to prevent and decelerate decay and change. The rings also increased a bearer's own natural powers, seemingly granting '[[magic]]' abilities.<ref name=L131>{{L|131}}</ref> <br />
<br />
Additionally, the One Ring, along with the Seven and the Nine, had the ability to tap into the [[Unseen]] at different degrees. The One could completely shift the wearer to the Spirit World, rendering the material body invisible to mortals.<ref name=L131/> The Nine and the Seven were so strongly under Sauron's control that they could cause the wearer, especially Men, to ''fade'' and turn into a [[Wraiths|wraith]] under Sauron's domination.<ref>{{FR|Shadow}}</ref><br />
<br />
The [[Dwarves]] however were more resistant to most of these effects. They mostly suffered under an increased lust for gold, which provided occasion for quarrels among themselves. They used their rings to increase their treasure troves; the treasure hoards of these dwarves drew the mightiest of [[dragons]] and opponents.<ref name="Rings" /><br />
<br />
The Three did not make their wearers invisible<ref name=L131 /> (though a wearer could make the ring itself invisible<ref>{{FR|Mirror}}</ref>). A wearer of one of the Rings of Three gained the power to heal and preserve, in many different ways, whatever they controlled. Galadriel's and Elrond's Rings allowed them to fend off Sauron and protect and preserve [[Lothlórien|Lothlorien]] and [[Rivendell]]. [[Narya]] also had the power to inspire hope and courage in others.<ref>{{App|B2}}, [[Cirdan]]'s words to [[Gandalf]]</ref><br />
<br />
=== The One ===<br />
{{main|The One Ring}}<br />
For The One to have the ability to control The Three, it was necessary for Sauron to allow a significant amount of his power and will to flow into it during its forging. As it was the Master Ring, whoever mastered the One also had control over the other rings, the works done through them, and also could perceive and control the thoughts of anyone wearing another ring. But Sauron never managed to do so, because as soon as he wore it upon his finger, the Elves became aware of him.<ref name="Rings" /> <br />
<br />
The wearer also was able to understand speech in languages the wearer did not know, or at least able to understand the [[Black Speech]].<ref>{{TT|Choices}}</ref><br />
<br />
Any bearer could use its power, though it would take time, determination, skill, and knowledge to do so. However the Ring corrupted the heart and mind, making its wearer obsessed with it.<br />
<br />
==Other versions of the legendarium==<br />
In one draft it is said that the [[Rings of Power]] transformed their bearers into [[wraiths]], thus creating ''elf-'', ''goblin-'', ''men-'', or ''dwarf-wraiths''.<ref>{{RS|Gollum}}, p. 78</ref><br />
<br />
==Inspiration==<br />
The Rings were the background story as fleshed out by Tolkien, out of the Ring that appeared in ''[[The Hobbit]]''. The lore of the Rings (especially the One) are often compared to the "Ring of the Nibelungs" although Tolkien denounced any direct inspiration.<ref>{{L|229}}, “Both rings were round, and there the resemblance ceases.”</ref><br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
'''[[1978]]: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|Ralph Bakshi's ''The Lord of the Rings'']]'''<br />
:In the introduction of the movie, the Rings are portrayed as a purely Elven conception and creation, which the Elves generously gave to the Dwarves and Men. It was when Sauron 'learned of the Ring-making' when he forged the One Ring. <br />
:It contrasts the canonical account according to which the Rings were always a part of Sauron's plan. Sauron distributed them to the Dwarves and Men, after the Elves turned against him.<br />
<br />
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:In the introduction, narrated by [[Galadriel]], the 19 initial Rings were shown being given to the [[Elves]], [[Men]], and [[Dwarves]]. The introduction states that all of these ring-holders were deceived by Sauron, who created the One Ring to rule them all.<br />
<br />
'''2017: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:Alongside [[the One Ring]] and the Three, names are also given to the Seven and the Nine:<br />
<br />
:*The Seven rings of the Dwarves are given as Taurya, Sindya, Tínya, Tulcya, Úrya, Vanya, and Angya (the [[Ring of Thrór|Ring of Durin]]).<br />
:*The Nine rings of Men are named Sâkhla, Adâsh, Orôm (the ring of the [[Khamûl|Lieutenant of Dol Guldur]]), Jûru, Mêbat, Khânto, Sapthân, Nitîr, and Ûri (the ring of the [[Witch-king]]).<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*[http://oakroadsystems.com/genl/ringfaq.htm FAQ of the Rings] by Stan Brown<br />
*[http://middle-earth.xenite.org/2013/04/03/who-were-the-rings-of-power-made-for/ Who Were the Rings of Power Made For?] by [[Michael Martinez]]<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
{{rings}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Rings and Jewels]]<br />
[[de:Ringe der Macht]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/artefacts/bijoux/anneaux/anneaux_de_pouvoir]]<br />
[[fi:Mahtisormukset]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Sack_of_Eregion&diff=304914Sack of Eregion2019-05-29T01:22:43Z<p>Christolk: cleaned up some grammar edits</p>
<hr />
<div>{{expansion}}<br />
{{battle<br />
|name=Sack of Eregion<br />
|image=[[File:The Lord of the Rings (film series) - City of Ost-in-Edhil mural.jpg|300px]]<br />
|conflict=[[War of the Elves and Sauron]]<br />
|date={{SA|1697}}<br />
|place=[[Eregion]]<br />
|result=Destruction of Eregion, founding of [[Imladris]], [[Doors of Durin]] shut<br />
|side1=Host of [[Elves of Eregion]], [[Elves of Lindon]], [[Galadhrim]], and [[Dwarves of Khazad-dum]]<br />
|side2=Hosts of [[Mordor]]<br />
|commanders1=<br />
{{Celebrimbor blazon|died}} <br />
*[[Elrond]]<br />
*[[Celeborn]]<ref name="Galadriel"/><br />
*[[Amroth]]<ref name="Galadriel"/><br />
*[[Durin III]]<br />
|commanders2={{Sauron blazon}}<br />
|forces1=Large force of [[Elves of Eregion]], [[Elves of Lindon]], [[Galadhrim]],<ref name="Galadriel"/> and [[Dwarves of Khazad-dum]]<br />
|forces2=Large force of [[Orcs]], [[Men of Darkness|Evil Men]], and other creatures of Sauron<br />
|casual1=Many Elves and Dwarves; most notably [[Celebrimbor]]<br />
|casual2=Unknown<br />
}}<br />
<br />
The '''Sack of Eregion''' was the campaign in which [[Sauron]] destroyed [[Eregion]] to find the [[Three Rings|three Elven Rings]] of power or to find out where they are by torture. He also scattered the [[Elves]] that lived there.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
In {{SA|1200}}, [[Sauron]] came to [[Eregion]] in disguise, claiming to be an emissary of the [[Valar]] sent to offer aid to the [[Eldar]]. Although rejected by [[Gil-galad]], he was able to win over [[Celebrimbor]] and the smiths of Eregion. The brotherhood of smiths, the [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]], profited from his knowledge<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> and around {{SA|1500|n}} they began forging the [[Rings of Power]], finishing them in {{SA|1590|n}}.<ref name="SA">{{App|SA}}</ref> Unbeknownst to them, Sauron (who had returned to [[Mordor]]) created a master [[One Ring|Ring]] to rule the others. However, Celebrimbor perceived the designs of Sauron and prevented use of the [[Three Rings]].<br />
<br />
==The Battle==<br />
Infuriated by Celebrimbor's defiance, Sauron led a host out of Mordor.<ref name="Galadriel"/> In {{SA|1695}}, this army ravaged [[Eriador]] from the south.<ref name="SA"/> Gil-galad sent out a force under the command of [[Elrond]] which joined with Celebrimbor, but they were unable to prevent Sauron from conquering Eregion. <br />
<br />
In {{SA|1697}}, [[Ost-in-Edhil]] fell, with [[Celebrimbor]] himself leading a last desperate defence on the steps of the Jewel-smiths' guild house. He was taken captive by the [[Orcs]], tormented into revealing the location of the [[Rings of Power]], then shot through with Orc-arrows, and by some accounts, Sauron used Celebrimbor's body as a banner as he turned to face Elrond's army approaching from the north. <br />
<br />
Elrond would have been overwhelmed but for an attack upon Sauron's force from the rear by [[Dwarves of Khazad-dûm]] and a force of [[Galadhrim]] lead by [[Amroth]].<ref name="Galadriel"/> Elrond was able to gather what remained of the Elves of Eregion and retreated northward.<ref name="Galadriel"/><br />
<br />
Other survivors escaped into [[Khazad-dûm]] and were granted passage by their friends the [[Dwarves]], coming eventually through the [[Misty Mountains|Mountains]] to the woodlands that would long afterwards be called [[Lórien]].<ref name="Galadriel"/><br />
<br />
==Aftermath==<br />
[[Elrond]], [[Celeborn]], [[Elves of Lindon]], and other Elves who fled the destruction of [[Eregion]], established [[Imladris]] in {{SA|1697}}.<ref name="SA"/><ref name="Galadriel"/> Many more refugees joined Elrond's host as Sauron ravaged Eriador during the course of the war. By {{SA|1700}}, Imladris, despite being [[First Siege of Imladris|besieged]], was the only part of [[Eriador]] not under Sauron's control. It was liberated by [[Gil-galad]]'s and [[Tar-Minastir]]'s forces. After Sauron's defeat, a Council was held at that time, establishing Elrond as Gil-galad's vice-regent in Eriador and that Imladris should be maintained as an Elvish stronghold.<ref>{{UT|6}}</ref><br />
<br />
Many survivors of Eregion also sailed [[West]] after their realm was sacked.<ref name="Galadriel"/><br />
<br />
Once the Dwarves returned to Khazad-dûm, the [[Doors of Durin]] were shut and remained so until the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] came there thousands of years later.<ref name="Galadriel"/><br />
<br />
{{References}}<br />
[[Category:Conflicts of the Second Age]]</div>Christolkhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Gildor&diff=304912Gildor2019-05-29T01:10:51Z<p>Christolk: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{disambig-two|the [[Noldor]]in Elf|member of [[Barahir's Outlaw Band]]|[[Gildor (outlaw)]]}}<br />
{{noldor infobox<br />
| name=Gildor Inglorion<br />
| image=[[File:Lori Deitrick - Gildor Inglorion.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Gildor Inglorion" by [[:Category:Images by Lori Deitrick|Lori Deitrick]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=<br />
| titles="of the House of Finrod"<br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Rivendell]]<br />
| affiliation=<br />
| language=<br />
| birth=<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=<br />
| death=<br />
| deathlocation=<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=[[House of Finrod]]<ref name="3IC"/> <br />
| parentage=Possibly [[Inglor]]<ref>{{HM|RC}}, p. 103</ref> ([[#Ancestry|see below]])<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=<br />
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}}<br />
{{quote|Elves seldom give unguarded advice, for advice is a dangerous gift, even from the wise to the wise, and all courses may run ill.|Gildor Inglorion<ref name="3IC">{{FR|I3}}</ref>}}<br />
'''Gildor Inglorion''' was a [[Noldor|Noldorin]] [[Elves|Elf]] of the [[House of Finrod]], who in the [[Third Age]] lived in [[Rivendell]]. <br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Gildor was probably the son of some [[Inglor]]<ref name=halls>{{webcite|author=Matt Light, Lowell R. Matthews|articleurl=http://www.guildcompanion.com/scrolls/2000/jul/gildorshalls.html|articlename=Gildor's Halls|dated=2000|website=The Tolkien List}}</ref> and one of the [[Exile of the Noldor|Exiles]] of the House of Finrod. It's possible that he was from around Rivendell.<ref>{{RGEO|Elbereth}}</ref><br />
[[File:Alan Lee - Feasting with the Elves.jpg|thumb|left|"Feasting with the Elves" by [[Alan Lee]]]]<br />
Elven [[Wandering Companies]] crossed the [[Shire]] every Spring and Autumn. Around [[September]] {{TA|3001}}, as [[Bilbo Baggins]] was leaving the Shire for Rivendell, Gildor met the [[hobbit]] as he waved them farewell in [[Woody End]]. The following years he met him once more, perhaps at Rivendell.<ref name="3IC"/><ref name=halls/><br />
<br />
In September {{TA|3018}}, he traveled eastwards with a company of Elves of Rivendell. They were returning from the [[Emyn Beraid]], where they went to see [[Varda|Elbereth]] in the ''[[Elostirion-stone|palantír]]'' that was kept there. On the [[24 September|24th]], they met [[Frodo Baggins]], [[Samwise Gamgee]] and [[Peregrin Took]] on the road near the Woody End. They ate and sang, and Gildor discussed the peril that haunted the three [[hobbits]]. This peril, a [[Nazgûl|Black Rider]], was near, but fled as he heard the Elves chant of Elbereth. Because of Frodo's ability to speak [[Elvish]], Gildor gave him the title [[Elf-friends|Elf-friend]].<ref name="3IC"/><br />
<br />
After separating from the hobbits, he sent word to the house of [[Tom Bombadil]], probably before the [[26 September|26th]].<ref>{{FR|I7}}</ref> He also spoke with [[Aragorn]]<ref>{{FR|I10}}</ref> and sent a message to [[Elrond]].<ref>{{FR|I12}}</ref><br />
<br />
Two years later, on [[22 September|September 22]], {{TA|3021}}, he met the Hobbits once again. He accompanied a riding of great Lords and Ladies, that planned to sail [[Aman|West]] on board the [[White Ship]]<ref>{{RK|VI9}}</ref> and probably he was among the Elves who sailed to the West.<ref>{{HM|Guide}}, entry "Gildor Inglorion"</ref><ref group=note>The narrative does not specify whether Gildor also boarded the ship to the West or if he was simply present as a companion.</ref><br />
<br />
==Ancestry ==<br />
Gildor is one of the less prominently featured Elves, yet he seems important enough to raise questions concerning his lineage, or the identity of this character. Gildor calls himself "Gildor Inglorion of the House of Finrod". He also says: "We are Exiles, and most of our kindred have long departed and we too are only tarrying here a while, ere we return over the [[Belegaer|Great Sea]]."<ref name="3IC"/> <br />
<br />
It should be noted that Tolkien initially used names from his (unpublished) ''[[The Silmarillion]]'' writings rather at random in ''[[The Hobbit]]'' and the first drafts of the sequel which would become ''The Lord of the Rings'': other examples are the mention of [[Gondolin]] and the appearance of [[Elrond]] in ''The Hobbit'', which were only later brought into alignment with ''The Lord of the Rings'' and the unpublished mythology by a third edition of the book.<ref name="L257">{{L|257}}</ref> This therefore is the case of the reference to the name "Finrod".<br />
<br />
The name "Gildor" first appeared in the outlines of ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' in February [[1938]],<ref>{{RS|Hobbiton}} (p. 45)</ref> and in Tolkien's notes of that time, "Finrod" still meant the character later known as [[Finarfin]]<ref name="RC3IC">{{HM|RC}}, "[[Three is Company]]", pages 103-4</ref> and [[Finrod|his son]] had the older name "[[Inglor]]".<br />
<br />
===Connection to Finarfin===<br />
However the name [[Inglor]] reappeared, in [[Quenya]] form, for Finarfin (who in the earlier legendarium, was named Finrod). Finarfin's [[Amilessë|mother-name]] was ''[[Ingalaurë]]''.<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, note 30</ref> If Ingalaurë is to be translated in [[Sindarin]] according to the [[Sindarization|sound-changing rules]], this would become ''Inglor''. Thus, the connection of Gildor to the house of Finrod/Finarfin still remains in the updated legendarium.<br />
<br />
This all suggests that, while Gildor might have been initially intended to be Felagund's son, in the final version he probably became a member of the House of Finrod as one of its servants, not one of its sons — perhaps one of the knights of [[Nargothrond]].<br />
<br />
It is also possible that he was a son of a supposed "Inglor" — a character unconnected to Finrod Felagund.<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Gildor in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|lines=3<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings - The Fellowship of the Ring - Elves leaving Middle-earth.jpg|Elves leaving Middle-earth in {{fotree}}<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Trading Card Game - Gildor Inglorion, of the House of Finrod.jpg|Gildor Inglorion in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Trading Card Game]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Gildor.JPG|Gildor Inglorion in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''1978: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]:'''<br />
:[[Legolas]], here an Elf of Rivendell, tells Strider that Elrond had received news of the burden, but it is left unexplained how.<br />
<br />
'''1981: [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:Adapter [[Brian Sibley]] wanted to use as much of the original Elvish lines as possible. This meant that the heavily wounded Frodo told the line ''Elen síla lúmenn' omentielvo'' to Glorfindel instead. <br />
<br />
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':''' <br />
:A scene that was shot on the third day of principal photography, "[[The Passing of the Elves]]", is a reference to this passage in the book. It was eventually cut from the theatrical release to postpone the introduction of [[Elves]] to [[Rivendell]].<ref name="PJ">[[Peter Jackson]], [[Fran Walsh]], [[Philippa Boyens]] (adaptors), [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (extended edition)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (extended edition)]], "[[The Passing of the Elves]]", Directors' Commentary</ref> In the scene, Frodo and Sam have a meal when Frodo notices Elves in the distance. No interaction is made, and the Elves travel ''to'' the Grey Havens, not from the [[Emyn Beraid]] to [[Rivendell]].<ref>[[Peter Jackson]], [[Fran Walsh]], [[Philippa Boyens]] (adaptors), [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (extended edition)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (extended edition)]], "[[The Passing of the Elves]]"</ref> They overhear the Elves singing a sad song, which is in fact a translation into [[Sindarin]] of [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]]'s ''[[Elven Hymn to Elbereth]]''.<ref> [[Ryszard Derdzinski]] (ed.), "[http://www.elvish.org/gwaith/movie_soundtrack_fotr.htm#elbereth The Fellowship of the Ring Soundtrack Analysis]", [[Gwaith i-Phethdain]]</ref> Jackson meant for this scene to invoke the sadness of the Elves leaving Middle-earth.<ref name="PJ"/><br />
<br />
'''2001-2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Trading Card Game]]'':'''<br />
: Despite not featuring in [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' film series]], Decipher produced a card depicting the character.<br />
<br />
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:This video game features both [[Tom Bombadil]] and [[Glorfindel]]. Tom apparently knows nothing of Frodo carrying the Ring, yet Glorfindel does - he is sent out by Elrond. Elrond had received a message, but from whom this message came is left untold.<br />
<br />
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:Gildor makes a brief appearance in the [[Bree-land Introduction#Hobbit Summary|Hobbit introduction]] to the ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Shadows of Angmar|Shadows of Angmar]]'' driving out a [[Nazgûl|Black Rider]] in [[the Shire]]. <br />
:He is also the representative for the elves for the Council of the North in the third book to the ''Shadows of Angmar'': ''[[The Council of the North]]'' and appears in Chapter five, "Tending the Glade".<br />
:Besides the epic story line, players can find him in the Elven refuge Lin Giliath near [[Esteldín]] in the [[North Downs]].<br />
<br />
{{references|notes}}<br />
[[Category:Noldor]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:House of Finarfin]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
<br />
[[de:Gildor Inglorion]]<br />
[[fi:Gildor (haltia)]]</div>Christolk