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{{disambig-two|White Council|the cancelled video game|''[[The Lord of the Rings: The White Council]]''}}
{{organization
{{expansion}}
| image=[[File:The Hobbit - An Unexpected Journey - The White Council meets.jpg|250px]]
[[File:Zina Saunders - The White Council.jpg|thumb|''The White Council'' by Zina Saunders]]
| name=The White Council
The '''White Council''', or '''Council of the Wise''', was gathering of the [[Wise]] in [[Middle-earth]].  
| othernames=The Council of the Wise<ref name="SRings">{{S|Rings}}</ref>
| founder=[[Galadriel]]<ref name="FRMirror">{{FR|Mirror}}</ref>
| founded={{TA|2463}}<ref name="AppBTA">{{App|TA}}</ref>
| race=[[Wizards]]<br/>[[Elves]]
| members=[[Saruman]]<ref name="SRings"/><br/>[[Gandalf]]<ref name="SRings"/><br/>[[Galadriel]]<ref name="SRings"/><br/>[[Elrond]]<ref name="SRings"/><br/>[[Círdan]]<ref name="SRings"/>
| achievements=[[Attack on Dol Guldur]]
| disbanded={{TA|2953}}<ref name="AppBTA"/>
}}
'''The White Council''', also referred to as the '''Council of the Wise''', was a group of the [[wise]] in [[Middle-earth]] which met irregularly. Its purpose was 'to unite and direct the forces of the [[Westlands|West]], in resistance to the [[Sauron|shadow]].'<ref name="PMThird">{{PM|Third}}</ref>


==First White Council==
==Members==
The first White Council was formed after [[Sauron]]'s defeat in [[Eriador]] in {{SA|1701}} by the High King [[Gil-galad]]. The council did not include any of the [[Istari]] who had yet to come to Middle-earth. The main decision of the council was to abandon [[Eregion]] in favor of [[Rivendell|Imladris]].
The following individuals were clearly stated to have been members of the White Council. It should be noted, however, that 'other lords of the Eldar' did join them.<ref name="SRings"/>
*[[Saruman]], the appointed leader of the Council<ref name="SRings"/>
*[[Gandalf]]<ref name="SRings"/>
*[[Galadriel]]<ref name="SRings"/>
*[[Elrond]]<ref name="SRings"/>
*[[Círdan]]<ref name="SRings"/>
 
==History==
===The Second Age===
A "White Council" first met in c. {{SA|1701}}.<ref group="note">In {{UT|Concerning}} it states that 'At this time the first Council was held'. The 'At this time' follows on from the driving out of Sauron from [[Eregion]], which occurred {{SA|1701}} according to {{App|SA}}. According to {{UT|Concerning}}, n. 10 'the first Council' was emended to 'the first White Council'.</ref> At this meeting it was decided that [[Rivendell|Imladris]] should become the stronghold of the [[Elves]] in [[Eriador]], rather than [[Eregion]]. No members are mentioned explicitly, but it is implied that at least [[Gil-galad]] and [[Elrond]] were members because Gil-galad gave [[Vilya]] to Elrond 'At that time also'.<ref name="UTConcerning">{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> It seems likely that the "White Council" of the [[Third Age]] echoed this "White Council" of the [[Second Age]].<ref name="UTConcerningNote10">{{UT|Concerning}}, n. 10</ref>
 
===The Third Age===
In {{TA|2063}}<ref name="AppBTA"/> [[Gandalf]] entered [[Dol Guldur]] and drove [[Sauron]] away, beginning the [[Watchful Peace]]; although this was before the formation of the Council, the feat was attributed to them.<ref>{{App|Stewards}}, "...the Watchful Peace, during which Sauron withdrew before the power of the White Council..."</ref><ref group=note>The discrepancy is noted in {{HM|Guide}}, p. 424</ref>


==Second White Council==
[[File:Angus McBride - Dol Guldur.jpg|thumb|[[Angus McBride]] - ''Dol Guldur''|250px]]
Before the formation of the second White Council, its members led by [[Gandalf]] invaded [[Dol Guldur]]. Its forces withdrew and the [[Ringwraiths]] remained hidden in [[Morgul Vale]] during the [[Watchful Peace]]. The Council was officially formed in {{TA|2463}}, three years after the end of the Peace.
In {{TA|2463}},<ref name="AppBTA"/> following the return of [[Sauron]] and the end of the [[Watchful Peace]] in {{TA|2460|n}},<ref name="AppBTA"/> [[Galadriel]] summoned the first meeting of the White Council.<ref name="FRMirror"/>


In {{TA|2851}} the White Council met to decide on whether to act on Gandalf's discovery of the identity of the [[Necromancer]], but [[Saruman]] dissuaded the others. Secretly, he started investigating [[the One Ring]] and searched about the [[Gladden Fields]].
There are only four known meetings of the White Council:
[[File:Angus McBride - Dol Guldur.jpg|thumb|left|The White Council attacks Dol Guldur]]
#{{TA|2463}}<ref name="AppBTA"/>
Eventually Saruman relented and in {{TA|2941}} [[Sauron]] was driven out of Dol Guldur only to re-appear in [[Mordor]].
#{{TA|2851}}<ref name="AppBTA"/>
#{{TA|2941}}<ref name="AppBTA"/>
#{{TA|2953}}<ref name="AppBTA"/>


The Council last met in {{TA|2953}}, when Saruman insisted that [[the One Ring]] has been swept out to sea, quieting Gandalf's concerns that the One Ring was [[Bilbo Baggins|Bilbo]]'s ring found in the [[Goblin-town]].
At the first meeting in {{TA|2463}},<ref name="AppBTA"/> it was mooted that [[Gandalf]] be the head of the Council, but to [[Galadriel]]'s dismay he refused the office. [[Saruman]] was chosen as their chief instead and he begrudged Gandalf for being the desired candidate.<ref name="SRings"/>


==Members==
At the second meeting in {{TA|2851}},<ref name="AppBTA"/> the Council met at [[Rivendell]].<ref name="UTGandalf">{{UT|Gandalf}}</ref> Gandalf urged an attack on [[Dol Guldur]] following his discovery in the [[Third Age 2850|previous year]] that its master was indeed [[Sauron]]. Saruman overruled him because in secret he had begun to desire [[the One Ring]] for himself.<ref name="AppBTA"/> Unusually for a White Council meeting, Gandalf sat apart from the others, in silence and smoking, whilst Saruman spoke against the attack on Dol Guldur. This irritated Saruman and he spoke to Gandalf afterwards, asking him why he did not join in the discussion, and mocked his smoking. Gandalf replied, saying that [[pipe-weed]], a practice of the [[Hobbits|Halflings]], gave him 'patience'. Saruman mocked him again and in response Gandalf sent out many rings of smoke into the air and grasped them in his hand before they vanished. Saruman read this gesture as suggesting that Gandalf suspected him of wanting to possess the One Ring, or that there was a connection between the rings of power and the Halflings.<ref name="UTGandalf"/>
 
At the third meeting in {{TA|2941}},<ref name="AppBTA"/> they agreed to attack [[Dol Guldur]]. Saruman finally submitted for he knew that Sauron was searching for the One Ring in the [[Anduin]].<ref name="AppBTA"/> The White Council launched an [[attack on Dol Guldur]], but [[Sauron]], having already made plans, fled to [[Mordor]].<ref name="AppBTA"/>
 
At the fourth and final meeting in {{TA|2953}}, following Sauron's open declaration in {{TA|2951|n}},<ref name="AppBTA"/> there was a discussion on the [[Rings of Power]]. Saruman claimed to have knowledge that the One Ring had been lost down the [[Anduin]] and into the [[Belegaer|sea]]<ref name="AppBTA"/> this quieting Gandalf's worries about Bilbo's Ring.
 
==Portrayal in adaptations==
{{Gallery
|title=The White Council in adaptations
|width=480
|height=200
|lines=1
|File:The Hobbit - An Unexpected Journey - The White Council.jpg|The White Council meets in [[Rivendell]] in ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]''
}}
'''2012: ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]'':'''
:Having arrived at [[Rivendell]] with [[Thorin and Company]], [[Gandalf]] met with [[Elrond]], [[Galadriel]], and [[Saruman]]. It seems that Gandalf was unaware that the meeting would take place. Whilst this meeting is not explicitly called the "White Council," its membership and discussion points have much in common with the White Council in [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]]'s writings. Much of the history of the [[Third Age]] is conflated and substantially altered. Gandalf told the Council that [[Radagast]] had found [[Dol Guldur]] occupied by a [[Sauron#Sauron's Return|Necromancer]]. Saruman was very sceptical of Radagast's story and dismissed Gandalf for believing him. Gandalf and Galadriel converse telepathically before the wizard showed the Council a [[Morgul-knife|morgul blade]] which belonged to the [[Witch-king]]; the blade and [[Nazgûl]] had been buried together many centuries previously following the downfall of [[Angmar]].


Members of the original Council included:
'''2014: ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]'':'''
*[[Gil-galad]]
*[[Galadriel]]
*[[Elrond]]
*[[Cirdan]]
*Possibly [[Celeborn]]
*Other [[Elves|Elven]] Lords


During the [[Third Age]] it was joined by the [[Wizards]] and its head was [[Saruman]]. This included:
:[[Gandalf]] has been imprisoned by [[Sauron]] after a failed solo mission to the stronghold. [[Galadriel]] arrives at the fortress to rescue him, vanquishing an [[Orcs|Orc]] in the process. She and Gandalf are then surrounded by the spectres of the [[Nazgûl|Nine]], but [[Elrond]] and and [[Saruman]] arrive on the scene and attack them. Galadriel heals Gandalf, and he is swiftly taken to safety by [[Radagast]]. Sauron himself manifests before the council, but Galadriel assumes a dark ethereal form and overpowers him, with Sauron's spirit fleeing into [[Mordor|the East]].


*[[Gandalf]]
==See also==
*Likely [[Radagast]]
*[[:Category:Images of the White Council|Images of the White Council]]


{{References|n}}


[[category:Events]]
[[Category:Organizations]]
[[category:Organizations]]


[[de:Weißer Rat]]
[[de:Weißer Rat]]
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:conseil_blanc]]
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[[fi:Valkoinen Neuvosto]]

Revision as of 08:09, 13 April 2016

The White Council
Organisation
The Hobbit - An Unexpected Journey - The White Council meets.jpg
Other namesThe Council of the Wise[1]
Date foundedT.A. 2463[2]
FounderGaladriel[3]
Notable membersSaruman[1]
Gandalf[1]
Galadriel[1]
Elrond[1]
Círdan[1]
DisbandedT.A. 2953[2]

The White Council, also referred to as the Council of the Wise, was a group of the wise in Middle-earth which met irregularly. Its purpose was 'to unite and direct the forces of the West, in resistance to the shadow.'[4]

Members

The following individuals were clearly stated to have been members of the White Council. It should be noted, however, that 'other lords of the Eldar' did join them.[1]

History

The Second Age

A "White Council" first met in c. S.A. 1701.[note 1] At this meeting it was decided that Imladris should become the stronghold of the Elves in Eriador, rather than Eregion. No members are mentioned explicitly, but it is implied that at least Gil-galad and Elrond were members because Gil-galad gave Vilya to Elrond 'At that time also'.[5] It seems likely that the "White Council" of the Third Age echoed this "White Council" of the Second Age.[6]

The Third Age

In T.A. 2063[2] Gandalf entered Dol Guldur and drove Sauron away, beginning the Watchful Peace; although this was before the formation of the Council, the feat was attributed to them.[7][note 2]

Angus McBride - Dol Guldur

In T.A. 2463,[2] following the return of Sauron and the end of the Watchful Peace in 2460,[2] Galadriel summoned the first meeting of the White Council.[3]

There are only four known meetings of the White Council:

  1. T.A. 2463[2]
  2. T.A. 2851[2]
  3. T.A. 2941[2]
  4. T.A. 2953[2]

At the first meeting in T.A. 2463,[2] it was mooted that Gandalf be the head of the Council, but to Galadriel's dismay he refused the office. Saruman was chosen as their chief instead and he begrudged Gandalf for being the desired candidate.[1]

At the second meeting in T.A. 2851,[2] the Council met at Rivendell.[8] Gandalf urged an attack on Dol Guldur following his discovery in the previous year that its master was indeed Sauron. Saruman overruled him because in secret he had begun to desire the One Ring for himself.[2] Unusually for a White Council meeting, Gandalf sat apart from the others, in silence and smoking, whilst Saruman spoke against the attack on Dol Guldur. This irritated Saruman and he spoke to Gandalf afterwards, asking him why he did not join in the discussion, and mocked his smoking. Gandalf replied, saying that pipe-weed, a practice of the Halflings, gave him 'patience'. Saruman mocked him again and in response Gandalf sent out many rings of smoke into the air and grasped them in his hand before they vanished. Saruman read this gesture as suggesting that Gandalf suspected him of wanting to possess the One Ring, or that there was a connection between the rings of power and the Halflings.[8]

At the third meeting in T.A. 2941,[2] they agreed to attack Dol Guldur. Saruman finally submitted for he knew that Sauron was searching for the One Ring in the Anduin.[2] The White Council launched an attack on Dol Guldur, but Sauron, having already made plans, fled to Mordor.[2]

At the fourth and final meeting in T.A. 2953, following Sauron's open declaration in 2951,[2] there was a discussion on the Rings of Power. Saruman claimed to have knowledge that the One Ring had been lost down the Anduin and into the sea[2] this quieting Gandalf's worries about Bilbo's Ring.

Portrayal in adaptations

The White Council in adaptations
The White Council meets in Rivendell in The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey  

2012: The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey:

Having arrived at Rivendell with Thorin and Company, Gandalf met with Elrond, Galadriel, and Saruman. It seems that Gandalf was unaware that the meeting would take place. Whilst this meeting is not explicitly called the "White Council," its membership and discussion points have much in common with the White Council in Tolkien's writings. Much of the history of the Third Age is conflated and substantially altered. Gandalf told the Council that Radagast had found Dol Guldur occupied by a Necromancer. Saruman was very sceptical of Radagast's story and dismissed Gandalf for believing him. Gandalf and Galadriel converse telepathically before the wizard showed the Council a morgul blade which belonged to the Witch-king; the blade and Nazgûl had been buried together many centuries previously following the downfall of Angmar.

2014: The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies:

Gandalf has been imprisoned by Sauron after a failed solo mission to the stronghold. Galadriel arrives at the fortress to rescue him, vanquishing an Orc in the process. She and Gandalf are then surrounded by the spectres of the Nine, but Elrond and and Saruman arrive on the scene and attack them. Galadriel heals Gandalf, and he is swiftly taken to safety by Radagast. Sauron himself manifests before the council, but Galadriel assumes a dark ethereal form and overpowers him, with Sauron's spirit fleeing into the East.

See also

Notes

  1. In J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), Unfinished Tales, "The History of Galadriel and Celeborn", "Concerning Galadriel and Celeborn" it states that 'At this time the first Council was held'. The 'At this time' follows on from the driving out of Sauron from Eregion, which occurred S.A. 1701 according to J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings, Appendix B, "The Second Age". According to J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), Unfinished Tales, "The History of Galadriel and Celeborn", "Concerning Galadriel and Celeborn", n. 10 'the first Council' was emended to 'the first White Council'.
  2. The discrepancy is noted in Robert Foster, The Complete Guide to Middle-earth, p. 424

References