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'''na''' is the [[Quenya]] verb for "to be"<ref>''[[The Road Goes Ever On, A Song Cycle]]'', [[Namárië]]</ref>.  
'''na''' is the [[Quenya]] verb for "to be"<ref>{{RGEO|Namarie}}, line 15</ref>.  


Also, ''ná'' means "yes, it is so"<ref>{{VT|49a}}, p. 28</ref>
Also, ''ná'' means "yes, it is so"<ref>{{VT|49a}}, p. 28</ref>
==Etymology==
==Etymology==
[[Sundocarmë|Root]] [[NA2]]<Ref>{{HM|LR}}, [[The Etymologies]]</ref>
[[Sundocarmë|Root]] [[NA2]]<Ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}</ref>
==Forms==
==Forms==
<!-- the following contains only attested forms of the verb; it's not for reconstructions or 'lessons' -->
<!-- the following contains only attested forms of the verb; it's not for reconstructions or 'lessons' -->

Revision as of 21:23, 14 May 2015

na is the Quenya verb for "to be"[1].

Also, means "yes, it is so"[2]

Etymology

Root NA2[3]

Forms

Various attested forms of "to be"[4][5]

  • "is"
    • nánye/nanye "I am"
    • nalye "you are" (polite)
    • natye "you are" (familiar)
    • nás "it is"
    • náse "(s)he is"
    • nalme "we are"
    • nát "they (dual) are"
    • nar/nár "they are"
  • náne/né "was"
    • anen "I was"
    • anel "you were"
    • nése "he was"
    • anes "(s)he/it was"
    • nét "they (dual) were"
    • náner/nér "they were"
  • uva/nauva "will be"
    • nauvan "I will be"
  • anaie "has been"
  • náve "being" (infinitive/gerund)[6]
  • na "let it be" (imperative)
    • nai "be it that"

Syntax

Na is following the sentece. When used in imperative, it precedes the adjective.[7]

  • na aire "be holy"
  • aire na "it is holy"

See also

References

  1. J.R.R. Tolkien, Donald Swann, The Road Goes Ever On, "Namárië (Farewell)", line 15
  2. J.R.R. Tolkien, "Eldarin Hands, Fingers & Numerals and Related Writings — Part Three" (edited by Patrick H. Wynne), in Vinyar Tengwar, Number 49, June 2007, p. 28
  3. J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Lost Road and Other Writings, Part Three: "The Etymologies"
  4. J.R.R. Tolkien, "The Rivers and Beacon-hills of Gondor" (edited by Carl F. Hostetter), in Vinyar Tengwar, Number 42, July 2001
  5. J.R.R. Tolkien, "Eldarin Hands, Fingers & Numerals and Related Writings — Part Three" (edited by Patrick H. Wynne), in Vinyar Tengwar, Number 49, June 2007
  6. J.R.R. Tolkien, "Words, Phrases and Passages in Various Tongues in The Lord of the Rings", in Parma Eldalamberon XVII (edited by Christopher Gilson)
  7. J.R.R. Tolkien, "'Words of Joy': Five Catholic Prayers in Quenya — Part One" (edited by Patrick H. Wynne, Arden R. Smith, and Carl F. Hostetter), in Vinyar Tengwar, Number 43, January 2002, p.14

External links