Númenórean Sindarin: Difference between revisions
(there´s some more on it, will post this weekend. it's been called "Gondor Sindarin" by JRRT, will get source on that too) |
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'''Gondor Sindarin''' was a dialect of the Elven language spoken by the [[ | '''Gondor Sindarin''' was a dialect of [[Sindarin|the Elven language]] spoken by the [[Gondorians|Men]] of [[Gondor]]. | ||
==Differences== | |||
[[Westron]] was the first language of Gondor. The nobility usually learned Sindarin, and used it to be polite to other nobles and strangers alike.<ref name="L347">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Humphrey Carpenter]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (eds.), ''[[The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien]]'', [[Letter 347]] (dated [[December 17]], [[1972]])</ref> Because it was both an acquired and a learned language, it had some notable differences with "regular" [[Third Age]] Sindarin. | |||
===Phonetical=== | |||
Like any acquired language, the second language's sound range is directly influenced by the speaker's original sound range. Westron did not possess ''ch''<ref name="CE49">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'', "[[Cirion and Eorl]]", note 49</ref> or ''y'', and pronounced them differently. | |||
===="Y"==== | |||
The ''y'' was pronounced by Sindarin Elves as [[wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] [y], a [[wikipedia:Close front rounded vowel|close front rounded vowel]]. Of all languages, only Sindarin had this sound, so it was problematic for speakers of other tongues. Gondorians generally pronounced it as an ''i'',<ref name="AppE">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[The Lord of the Rings]] ''[[The Return of the King]]'', [[Appendix E]]</ref> though it was sometimes substituted with an ''e'', as in the Gondorian plural for ''[[onod]]'', ''ened'' (rather than the usual ''enyd'').<ref name="L144">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Humphrey Carpenter]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (eds.), ''[[The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien]]'', [[Letter 144]] (dated [[April 25]], [[1954]])</ref> | |||
===="CH"==== | |||
Also frequent in Sindarin was the ''ch'', the [[wikipedia:Voiceless velar fricative|Voiceless velar fricative]], with which the Gondorians also encountered among the [[pre-Númenórean]] dialects placenames as [[Erech]]<ref name="L297">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Humphrey Carpenter]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (eds.), ''[[The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien]]'', [[Letter 297]] (dated August, [[1967]])</ref> and [[Eilenach]]<ref name="CE51">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.), ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'', "[[Cirion and Eorl]]", note 51</ref> | |||
The most notable use of the voiceless velar fricative was in the name of Gondor's new northern neighbour, [[Rohan]]. Originally envisioned as ''Rochand'' by [[Hallas]], son of [[Cirion]] | |||
====Other sound shifts==== | |||
===Philological=== | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<small><references/></small> | <small><references/></small> | ||
Revision as of 11:35, 29 November 2008
Gondor Sindarin was a dialect of the Elven language spoken by the Men of Gondor.
Differences
Westron was the first language of Gondor. The nobility usually learned Sindarin, and used it to be polite to other nobles and strangers alike.[1] Because it was both an acquired and a learned language, it had some notable differences with "regular" Third Age Sindarin.
Phonetical
Like any acquired language, the second language's sound range is directly influenced by the speaker's original sound range. Westron did not possess ch[2] or y, and pronounced them differently.
"Y"
The y was pronounced by Sindarin Elves as IPA [y], a close front rounded vowel. Of all languages, only Sindarin had this sound, so it was problematic for speakers of other tongues. Gondorians generally pronounced it as an i,[3] though it was sometimes substituted with an e, as in the Gondorian plural for onod, ened (rather than the usual enyd).[4]
"CH"
Also frequent in Sindarin was the ch, the Voiceless velar fricative, with which the Gondorians also encountered among the pre-Númenórean dialects placenames as Erech[5] and Eilenach[6]
The most notable use of the voiceless velar fricative was in the name of Gondor's new northern neighbour, Rohan. Originally envisioned as Rochand by Hallas, son of Cirion
Other sound shifts
Philological
References
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Humphrey Carpenter, Christopher Tolkien (eds.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, Letter 347 (dated December 17, 1972)
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), Unfinished Tales, "Cirion and Eorl", note 49
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings The Return of the King, Appendix E
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Humphrey Carpenter, Christopher Tolkien (eds.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, Letter 144 (dated April 25, 1954)
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Humphrey Carpenter, Christopher Tolkien (eds.), The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, Letter 297 (dated August, 1967)
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), Unfinished Tales, "Cirion and Eorl", note 51
