https://tolkiengateway.net/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Ar-Zig%C3%BBr&feedformat=atomTolkien Gateway - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T08:40:23ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.39.3https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Frodo_Baggins&diff=388418Frodo Baggins2024-03-28T08:02:12Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: /* Childhood and youth */</p>
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<div>{{Disambig-two|the Ring-bearer|son of [[Samwise Gamgee]]|[[Frodo Gardner]]}}<br />
{{hobbit infobox<br />
| name=Frodo Baggins<br />
| image=[[File:Jenny Dolfen - Frodo Baggins.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Frodo Baggins" by [[Jenny Dolfen]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=''[[#Other names|See below]]''<br />
| titles=<br />
| position=[[Ring-bearers|Ring-bearer]]<br />
| location=[[Brandy Hall]], [[Buckland]]<br/>[[Bag End]], [[Hobbiton]]<br/>[[Crickhollow]]<br/>[[Tol Eressëa]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Fellowship of the Ring]]<br />
| language=[[Westron]] and [[Sindarin]]<br />
| birth=[[22 September]], {{TA|2968}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=<br />
| sailedwest=[[29 September]], {{TA|3021}}<br />
| sailedfrom=[[Grey Havens]]<br />
| age=53<br />
| notablefor=Bearing the [[One Ring]] to the land of [[Mordor]], and bringing it to the [[Cracks of Doom]]<br />
| family=[[Baggins Family|Baggins]]<br />
| parentage=[[Drogo Baggins]] and [[Primula Brandybuck]]<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=Never married<br />
| children=None<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Taller than some Hobbits<ref name="Strider">{{FR|Strider}}</ref><br />
| hair=Brown<ref group="note">In the chapter "[[Strider (chapter)|Strider]]", [[Nob]] says to Frodo: "And I made a nice imitation of your head with a brown woollen mat"</ref><br />
| skin=Fairer than most Hobbits<ref name="Strider">{{FR|Strider}}</ref><br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=[[Mithril coat]], [[Elven cloaks|Elven cloak]]<br />
| weapons=[[Sting]]<br />
| steed=[[Strider (pony)|Strider]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{quote|And though all the mighty elf-friends of old, [[Hador]], and [[Húrin]], and [[Túrin]], and [[Beren]] himself were assembled together, your seat should be among them.|Elrond to Frodo Baggins in ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', "[[The Council of Elrond]]"}}<br />
<br />
'''Frodo Baggins''' was a [[Hobbits|hobbit]] of the [[Third Age]], the most famous of all Hobbits in the histories for his leading role in the [[Quest of the Ring]]. During this epic quest, he bore [[the One Ring]] to [[Mount Doom]] and there destroyed it, giving him renown like no other [[Hobbits|Halfling]] throughout [[Middle-earth]]. He is also peculiar for being, as a [[Ring-bearers|Ring-bearer]], one of the only three Hobbits to be granted passage from Middle-earth to [[Aman]], the [[Undying Lands]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===Childhood and youth===<br />
Frodo, child of the respectable [[Drogo Baggins]] and [[Primula Brandybuck]], was born on [[22 September]] of {{TA|2968}}. After his parents died in a boating accident in {{TA|2980|n}}, Frodo went to live in [[Brandy Hall]] with his mother’s relatives, the [[Brandybucks]]. He grew up under the guardianship of the [[Master of Buckland]] [[Rorimac Brandybuck|Rorimac "Goldfather" Brandybuck]], who was his uncle.{{fact}} Frodo was caught several times stealing [[mushrooms]] from [[Farmer Maggot]], who, on the last incident, thrashed Frodo and set his three dogs to chase Frodo from [[Bamfurlong]] to [[Bucklebury Ferry]]. Frodo was terrified of them afterwards.<ref>{{FR|14}}: "''though I daresay the beasts knew their business...''"</ref><br />
<br />
Frodo stayed in Buckland until his "uncle" [[Bilbo Baggins|Bilbo]] adopted him and took him in to live in [[Bag End]], Bilbo's house in [[Hobbiton]]. He enjoyed life with Bilbo, with whom he shared the same birthday - though others often called the old hobbit "queer." Bilbo taught him to read, and told him stories of the past, even giving him some instruction in the [[elvish]] tongue. Frodo was the only one Bilbo allowed to read [[There and Back Again|his memoirs]]. Bilbo made Frodo his heir, frustrating the attempts of the disagreeable [[Sackville-Baggins Family|Sackville-Baggins]]es, who coveted the estate of Bag End.<ref name=party>{{FR|Party}}</ref><br />
<br />
The two went often out for long walks along the lanes of the [[Water-valley]] and talked about adventure; they were sometimes seen by [[Wandering Companies]] of [[Elves]], though the hobbits did not see them. When they returned home, Bilbo would tell Frodo that the Road is like a massive river, and all porches are its "springs" and all paths are its "tributaries".<ref>{{FR|Three}}</ref><br />
<br />
Frodo and Bilbo were comfortable and well off until {{TA|3001}}. At this time, Bilbo threw an enormous [[Bilbo's Farewell Party|party]] to celebrate his 111th birthday, and Frodo's 33rd, the date of Frodo's coming of age. At this party Bilbo gave his farewell speech, and made his long-planned "disappearance" and withdrawal from [[the Shire]]. Frodo, who had been informed beforehand of the "joke", as Bilbo called it, was spared the shock that afflicted the other assembled Hobbits. Frodo returned home as the new Master of Bag End, as per [[Bilbo's will]]. He was greeted there by [[Gandalf]], who informed him that, among other things, Frodo had inherited Bilbo's [[One Ring|magic ring]].<br />
<br />
===Master of Bag End===<br />
[[File:Eric Faure-Brac - Bag End.jpg|thumb|left|220px|''Bag End'' by Eric Faure-Brac]]<br />
Frodo took charge of distributing the presents Bilbo had left for the other hobbits, a long and tiring task. Then [[Gandalf]] the [[Wizards|wizard]], who had come for the festivities, warned Frodo not to use the magic ring, and to keep it secret and safe. Then he left, Frodo knew not where, with his mind full of curiosity about the ring. A suspicion was growing in the back of the Wizard's mind, but Gandalf did not yet know what it was.<br />
<br />
Frodo, meanwhile, was quite well off. He continued honouring Bilbo every year along with his own birthday. He had also inherited some strange customs from Bilbo, like wandering by himself at nights far from home in the hills and woods under the starlight. His closest friends at this time were [[Meriadoc Brandybuck|Merry]] and [[Peregrin Took|Pippin]], also [[Folco Boffin]] and [[Fredegar Bolger]], and other cousins from the family of the [[Old Took]]. Like Bilbo, Frodo continued to look robust and energetic even in his forties, and dreamed of one day seeing mountains and wilderness; he often wondered what lay beyond the borders of the Shire, and as he grew older, he would travel further and further from home. His friends were worried, and suspected that he met [[Elves]] and other strangers that had begun to be more common sights in the Shire. These strangers bore strange tales of unrest from lands far-off.<ref name=shadow>{{FR|Shadow}}</ref><br />
<br />
Still, he lived in peace and respectability for seventeen years, until Gandalf returned with the dreadful revelation that the "magic ring" was really the [[One Ring]], weapon of [[Sauron]], a thing of evil power thousands of years old. Furthermore, the Dark Lord was now aware of its survival, and would be searching for it, as [[Gollum]] had revealed - under torture - that it was to be found in the Shire. After a long discussion and a test by fire, which revealed the [[Black Speech]] written upon the ring, the two agreed that Frodo would have to leave the Shire for his own safety. [[Samwise Gamgee]], the gardener, was selected to travel with him. Gandalf recommended Rivendell as a destination, as the road was likely safe and the valley well-protected. He told Frodo to take the alias [[Mr. Underhill|Underhill]] while abroad. Frodo was reluctant, but wisely followed the wizard's advice. He bought a house in [[Crickhollow]] as an excuse to head east.<br />
<br />
Gandalf stayed for two months while Frodo worked out the details. At the end of that time the wizard left to "get some news", as rather disturbing tidings had come to his ears. He promised to be back for the farewell party. Meanwhile, Frodo was not aware that some of his closest friends were watching him - [[Fredegar Bolger|Fredegar "Fatty" Bolger]], his cousin [[Peregrin Took|Peregrin "Pippin" Took]], [[Meriadoc Brandybuck|Meriadoc "Merry" Brandybuck]], and Sam himself knew that Frodo and Gandalf were in some trouble concerning the Ring, and that Frodo was preparing for some adventure.<br />
<br />
As autumn passed, Frodo was waiting for Gandalf, but did not return and Frodo grew quite anxious. Merry and Fatty drove the cart of Frodo's belongings ahead, while Frodo still waited for Gandalf. At the last possible day, he gave up waiting and departed with Pippin and Sam.<br />
<br />
===Hobbiton to Crickhollow===<br />
[[File:Ted Nasmith - Last Sight of Hobbiton.jpg|thumb|220px|''Last Sight of Hobbiton'' by [[Ted Nasmith]]]]<br />
Less than a day into their journey, Frodo, strangely nervous, requested that the threesome hide upon the approach of a [[Nazgûl|horseman]]. The rider was dressed in black, riding upon a black horse, and making queer sniffling noises. Frodo felt the urge to put on the Ring and vanish, but just as he was about to give in, the rider departed at a trot. Samwise then remarked upon the "[[Nazgûl|Black Rider]]" that had spoken to his father, [[Gaffer Gamgee]], some time earlier. This made Frodo wish that he had waited for Gandalf.<br />
<br />
That night, they were again overtaken by a Black Horseman. This time it seemed to be able to sniff out their hiding place. But as it approached, it was driven away by the song of a group of [[Elves]]. Their leader, [[Gildor]], greeted the hobbits warmly, and lauded Frodo for his knowledge of their tongue. Frodo tried to get information from Gildor on the Black Riders, but the elf would tell him very little. Gildor foresaw that Frodo would have many dealings with the Riders in the future, and urged him to flee them whenever he met them. He and his party left the Hobbits before daybreak, while the three slept.<br />
<br />
The next day the threesome agreed to stay off the road. After a brief scare when Sam sighted a Rider, they worried about losing their way. That evening they heard a terrible wail, and Frodo distinguished words in it. Before long they came to [[Bamfurlong]], the property of [[Farmer Maggot]]. Although Pippin knew Maggot, Frodo recalled a scare he had received at a young age after caught stealing the farmer’s mushrooms, being threatened with the dogs. He froze when the dogs came forth from the house, but Maggot's hospitality soon won him over. When Maggot told of a Black Rider who had stopped at his house asking for "Baggins," and made several shrewd guesses, Frodo grew uncomfortable. Maggot took them to [[Bucklebury Ferry]] in his wagon. There they joined up with Merry. As they were ferried across into [[Buckland]], they caught sight of a dark shape on the landing from which they had come.<br />
<br />
===Crickhollow to Bree===<br />
[[File:Ted Nasmith - Under the Spell of the Barrow-wight.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''Under the Spell of the Barrow-wight'']]<br />
When they reached the house in Crickhollow, the other hobbits revealed their knowledge of the One Ring and promised to stick with Frodo on the road to [[Rivendell]]. The next morning, leaving Fatty to housesit, they passed into the [[Old Forest]]. In time they were driven by the trees down to the [[Withywindle]], where they were ensnared by [[Old Man Willow]]. Rescued by [[Tom Bombadil]], the hobbits came to his house. There they met Tom's wife, [[Goldberry]], and Frodo was moved to poetry over her loveliness. He was interested in Bombadil himself, and several times tried to learn who he was. That night he dreamed of a white-haired figure on a pinnacle of stone, borne away by an eagle.<br />
<br />
The next day Frodo tried on the Ring, after finding it had no effect on Bombadil. Not subject to the Ring’s power, Tom nevertheless could see Frodo. That night Frodo dreamed once more, a dream he never forgot.<br />
<br />
{{Blockquote|Frodo heard a sweet singing running in his mind: a song that seemed to come like a pale light behind a grey rain-curtain, and growing stronger to turn the veil all to glass and silver, until at last it was rolled back, and a far green country opened before him under a swift sunrise.|''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', "[[Fog on the Barrow-downs]]"}}<br />
<br />
After bidding Tom and Goldberry farewell, the Hobbits went on and traveled through the [[barrow-downs]]. Becoming lost in the mist, they were taken by the [[barrow-wights]], Frodo last of all. Frodo woke in the barrow to find the barrow-wight bending over his three friends. He rose and in a tremendous act of bravery and resilience took a sword and smote off the wight's hand. Then he summoned Bombadil with a [[Ho! Tom Bombadil, Tom Bombadillo!|song]] Tom had taught him. Bombadil drove the wight away and helped Frodo wake the others. Tom gave the hobbits ponies and escorted them all to the road before turning his face back toward the Withywindle. The hobbits continued along the road to Bree, where they took lodging at [[The Prancing Pony]] inn as Bombadil had recommended, with Frodo registering under the name of [[Mr. Underhill|Underhill]] as Gandalf had suggested.<br />
<br />
===Strider and Weathertop===<br />
[[File:Peter Xavier Price - Strider in The Prancing Pony.jpg|thumb|200px|''Strider in The Prancing Pony'' by [[Peter Xavier Price]]]]<br />
While Merry went out to take a walk in the night air, the other hobbits came down to the common-room and were introduced by the landlord [[Barliman Butterbur]] to the gathering, Frodo under his alias. Frodo asked if Gandalf was present in Bree, only to learn that he had not yet arrived. While Pippin and Sam enjoyed the drink and conversation, Frodo remained withdrawn, soon falling into conversation with a curious [[Rangers of the North|ranger]] called [[Aragorn|Strider]], who gave him a warning about letting his friends talk to much. Pippin began to tell about [[Bilbo's Farewell Party|Bilbo's Birthday Party]], and Frodo, at Strider’s encouragement and in an attempt to prevent the name of Baggins from being raised, began to sing ''[[The Man in the Moon Stayed Up Too Late]]''. This proved popular with the gathering, but unfortunately, as Frodo relaxed, he fell from the table and the Ring slipped on his finger, causing him to vanish.<br />
<br />
[[File:John Howe - Against the Shadow.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''Against the Shadow'' by [[John Howe]]]]<br />
Frodo crawled over to Strider's corner and slipped off the Ring, and said that he had rolled quickly to the side. The suspicious Breelanders, however, grew angry or frightened, and eventually all left the common-room. Frodo and his comrades retired to their room, where they found Strider waiting to talk to them. Strider was honest and blunt, telling what he had overheard and what he knew of them, as well as warning them of the Black Riders and traitors in Bree. He urged them to accept his aide by inviting him into the company. Frodo was leaning to believe the ranger when Butterbur broke in, giving Frodo the long-awaited letter from Gandalf, undelivered by Butterbur’s forgetfulness. After some little bit of light was shed on the situation to the innkeeper, he swore to help the hobbits in any way he could, as a friend of Gandalf and one very much afraid of Mordor. Frodo, reading the letter, learned that Gandalf recommended Strider as one to whom Frodo could go for help. After some further debate, Frodo agreed to let Strider lead them to Rivendell.<br />
<br />
Strider arranged for a deception, by moving them to a different room. The next morning, their ponies were gone and the room was ravaged. Butterbur paid for a [[Bill the Pony|replacement pony]], and the four hobbits and ranger set out into the Wilds. They passed through [[Chetwood]] and [[Midgewater Marshes]], and finally to the [[Weather Hills]] before coming up to [[Weathertop]]. Black Riders were sighted from the top of the cairn, and Strider counselled to remain where they were. Shortly after the Black Riders came, and Frodo was stricken down. In desperation he put on the Ring and saw the [[Nazgûl]] in their true forms. Frodo then tried to attack in [[Varda|Elbereth]]’s name, but their leader, the [[Witch-king]] of [[Angmar]], stabbed Frodo in the shoulder with a [[Morgul-knife]], before being driven away by Strider.<br />
<br />
===Weathertop to Rivendell===<br />
Because of a piece of the knife embedded in his shoulder, Frodo started to become ill, so his companions hurried to take him to the [[Rivendell|House of Elrond]]. After journeying for 12 days, they were found by [[Glorfindel]], one of the [[Calaquendi|High Elves]], who was sent by Elrond to help Frodo after he heard of him from Gildor. Glorfindel, seeing that Frodo was starting to fade, put him upon his horse, [[Asfaloth]], and ordered him to go on when the Ringwraiths approached. Asfaloth outran the steeds of the Nazgûl and bore Frodo across the [[Ford of Bruinen]], but Frodo, who was on the brink of becoming a [[Wraiths|wraith]], turned around at the other side and defied the Nine. The Riders, were driven into the [[Bruinen|River]] by Glorfindel, Strider and the three hobbits, where they were swept away by the ensuing waters.<ref>{{FR|Flight}}</ref> As a sign that Frodo was shifting to the [[Wraith-world]], he could see the [[Unseen]] [[Light of Valinor|luminous form]] of Glorfindel.<br />
<br />
Unconscious, Frodo was carried inside Rivendell, where Elrond removed the fragment of the knife from his shoulder. He awoke two days later, mostly recovered, and was delighted to find that Gandalf had arrived. Frodo's recovery was celebrated with a feast during which he met [[Glóin]] and asked concerning the [[Dwarves of Erebor]]. Afterwards, Elrond led his guests to the [[Hall of Fire]], where Frodo found Bilbo, whom he hadn't seen in seventeen years. Bilbo asked to see the Ring and was saddened to see Frodo's negative reaction. The two hobbits then enjoyed talking about Bilbo's [[Translations from the Elvish|works on lore]] and [[the Shire]].<ref name="Meetings">{{FR|Meetings}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Fellowship of the Ring===<br />
{{seealso|Quest of the Ring}}<br />
During the [[Council of Elrond]], it was decided that the Ring must be destroyed by casting it into the [[Cracks of Doom]]. Frodo volunteered to be the [[Ring-bearers|Ring-bearer]], and a [[Fellowship of the Ring|Fellowship]] was formed to protect him; the fellowship included Gandalf, Aragorn (Strider's real name), [[Boromir]] of [[Gondor]], [[Legolas]] of the [[Woodland Realm]], [[Gimli]] of [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]], and Frodo's friends Sam, Merry and Pippin.<ref name=council>{{FR|Council}}</ref> Before their departure, Bilbo gave Frodo his sword, [[Sting]], and his [[Mithril coat]] to protect him on the perilous journey to [[Mount Doom]] that lay ahead.<br />
<br />
On [[December 25]], the fellowship left Rivendell, and headed south along the west side of the [[Misty Mountains]]. They attempted to cross them by the Redhorn gate, but were thwarted by a fierce blizzard <ref>{{FR|II3}}</ref> and had to go back. After surviving a [[Wargs|Warg]] attack, Gandalf persuaded the company to go through the abandoned [[Dwarves|Dwarf]] kingdom of [[Moria]]. Just before entering Moria, Frodo was attacked by the [[Watcher in the Water]] and barely escaped. During the journey through Moria, Frodo began to suspect that something was tracking them. Later, inside the [[chamber of Mazarbul]], the Fellowship was attacked by [[Orcs]], and Frodo was struck by an Orc spear but was saved by the mithril coat he wore. The company escaped the chamber, and were close to exiting Moria, when [[Durin's Bane]] appeared and pursued them to the [[bridge of Khazad-dûm]] where Gandalf held him off so the rest of the Fellowship could escape. After breaking the bridge, both he and the [[Balrogs|Balrog]] fell and disappeared into the chasm below, after which Aragorn took over as leader.<ref>{{FR|Bridge}}</ref><br />
[[File:Alan Lee - The Mirror of Galadriel.jpg|thumb|''The Mirror of Galadriel'' by [[Alan Lee]]]]<br />
Eventually they reached [[Lothlórien]], and were housed by the elves at [[Caras Galadhon]]. During their rest there, [[Galadriel]] allowed Frodo and Sam to look into the [[Mirror of Galadriel]], in which they saw many things.<ref>{{FR|Mirror}}</ref> When leaving the Woods, Galadriel gave Frodo a [[Phial of Galadriel|vial]] with light from the [[Silmaril]] of [[Eärendil]].<ref>{{FR|Farewell}}</ref><br />
<br />
They travelled down the [[Anduin]] river in boats given to them by the elves. On their trip down the river, Frodo confirmed his suspicion that they were being trailed by Gollum. At [[Amon Hen]], the Ring's corrupting power caused Boromir to try to take the Ring from Frodo, who escaped by putting it on. Seeing the corrupting influence of the ring on Boromir, he then decided to leave the Fellowship and go on alone, but he was thwarted in this when Sam discovered him attempting to cross the [[Nen Hithoel]], and insisted on accompanying him.<br />
<br />
===Emyn Muil to Ithilien=== <br />
The two companions reached [[Amon Lhaw]] and toiled through the [[Emyn Muil]]. Soon after, they found Gollum following them, and they captured him with the [[Elven rope]]. <br />
[[Image:Ted Nasmith - Through the Marshes.jpg|thumb|left|''Through the Marshes'' by [[Ted Nasmith]]]]<br />
Frodo decided to trust Gollum to be their guide. He led the Hobbits out of the Emyn Muil and through the [[Dead Marshes]]. During their route, they were delayed several times by a [[Nazgûl]] flying on a [[Fell beasts|fell beast]]. The Hobbits reached [[Carchost]], the western [[Towers of the Teeth|Tower of the Teeth]], where Frodo had intended to enter Mordor, but Gollum persuaded Frodo to follow him to a safer entrance, the pass of [[Cirith Ungol]]. During the next night's march they passed into [[North Ithilien]], and by daylight of [[March 7]] they reached the stream of [[Henneth Annûn]].<br />
<br />
Their camp fire attracted the [[Rangers of Ithilien]], and their leader, [[Faramir]] (Boromir's brother), considered them spies and questioned Frodo concerning their errand, who recounted the journeys of the Fellowship, but said nothing about the Ring. Faramir informed Frodo of Boromir's death, implying Frodo's involvement. Faramir blindfolded the Hobbits and led them to Henneth Annûn, a secret Gondorian outpost, and questioned them further in private. After a meal, Sam accidentally revealed that Frodo had the Ring, but Faramir denied its lure, and thus gained the trust of the hobbits.<br />
<br />
During the night, Faramir called Frodo and Sam to him, and showed them Gollum, who had found his way to Henneth Annûn, and (ignorant of their presence) was hunting for [[Fish|fish]]. Faramir, suspecting that Frodo had lied about Gollum's involvement in their quest, threatened to kill him for fear that he might reveal the location of their outpost to the enemy. Frodo confessed to the part of Gollum in their errand, and begged Faramir not to slay him. Gollum was caught and questioned and then surrendered to Frodo. The following morning Faramir released the three travellers, warning them strongly against taking the pass of Cirith Ungol.<br />
<br />
===Entering Mordor===<br />
[[File:John Howe - Shelob About to Leap on Frodo.jpg|thumb|left|''Shelob About to Leap on Frodo'' by [[John Howe]]]]<br />
After two marches they came to the valley of the [[Morgulduin]] and continued east. On the "[[Dawnless Day]]" Gollum lead them east to the [[Southward Road]] and reached the [[Cross-roads]] just as the sun was setting.<ref>{{TT|Journey}}</ref> They reached just opposite the north-facing gate of [[Minas Morgul]] and they saw the Morgul-host march forth.<br />
<br />
In that night they ascended the [[Straight Stair]] and reached the top of the [[Winding Stair]] at dawn of [[March 11]] where they were woken by Gollum. He led the up the to the entrance to [[Shelob's Lair]]. Inside the tunnel Gollum betrayed Frodo and Sam to [[Shelob]] the [[Spiders|spider]], who stung Frodo after he left the tunnel. Sam saved Frodo from being eaten by Shelob, but thought him dead and took the Ring from him, resolving to continue the Quest alone. However Frodo (who was still alive) was captured by Orcs and taken to the [[Tower of Cirith Ungol]].<br />
<br />
===Cirith Ungol to Mount Doom===<br />
[[File:John Howe - Mount Doom II.jpg|thumb|right|250px|''Mount Doom'' by [[John Howe]] ]]<br />
Learning of this, Sam rescued Frodo and on early [[March 15]] the Hobbits escaped and jumped into the ravine west of the [[Morgai]] and crossed the valley. The next day they attempted to climb the Morgai, but had to retrace their steps and reached the north end of the valley, and on [[March 18]] they set out on the road that ran to the [[Carach Angren|Isenmouthe]]. There they were overtaken by an Orc troop and had to follow their trot.<br />
<br />
As Sauron's troops moved at night, the hobbits continued their journey in daytime towards Mount Doom. During the morning of [[March 25]] they reached the [[Cracks of Doom|Crack of Doom]] where, at the last moment, Frodo, under the influence of the Ring, claimed it as his own. However, at that moment he was attacked by [[Gollum]], who seized the Ring and then fell into the fire with it, thus destroying the Ring.<br />
<br />
By then, this pressure of the ring reached its maximum, which was impossible, "especially after long possession, months of increasing torment, and when starved and exhausted." Frodo had done what he could, and by then he was simply incapable of making a conscious decision to destroy the Ring.<ref>{{L|246}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Return home===<br />
Frodo and Sam were rescued by [[Gwaihir]], [[Landroval]] and [[Meneldor]] and taken to [[Ithilien]]. After being healed and having rested for a month, the Ring-bearers were honoured on the [[Field of Cormallen]]. The following months the Hobbits witnessed the coronation of their companion Aragorn as King Elessar, and were present at his marriage to [[Arwen]] that summer. Arwen renounced her [[immortality]] and gave to Frodo her place to sail into the [[Uttermost West|West]]. She also gave to Frodo a white gem on a silver necklace that she claims would aid him when he remembers the fear and darkness of the toll the ring took on him.<ref>{{RK|Partings}}</ref><br />
<br />
Frodo and his company left Minas Tirith on [[July 19]] for [[Edoras]] and the funeral of King [[Théoden]], then set out for the [[Hornburg]] and eventually [[Isengard]]. They parted there from Legolas, Gimli, and Aragorn.<br />
<br />
After overtaking Saruman and [[Gríma|Wormtongue]], they reached the [[Mountains of Moria]]; and when they approached [[Lothlórien]], [[Celeborn]] and Galadriel parted from their company. The hobbits, with Gandalf and other Elves, reached Rivendell on [[September 21]], where Frodo met Bilbo once again.<br />
<br />
They stayed there until [[October 5]] and eventually visited the ''Prancing Pony'' in Bree before reaching the Shire. At the Buckland Gate Gandalf left them to go and have a talk with Tom Bombadil. Once in the Shire, they reached [[Frogmorton]] where they were arrested. The next day they reached [[Bywater]] where they defeated the [[ruffians]] who had overtaken their land. The leader of the ruffians was revealed to be Saruman, and Frodo decided to let him live, even after he had tried to stab him with a knife. But Saruman did not live much longer, for his servant, Wormtongue, killed him himself (before being killed by the hobbits), thus ending the [[War of the Ring]].<br />
<br />
===Later years===<br />
[[File:Francesco Amadio - Grey Havens.jpg|thumb|220px|''Grey Havens'' by [[:Category:Images by Francesco Amadio|Francesco Amadio]]]]<br />
Over the next two years, the travellers reordered the Shire and their lives; but Frodo was still troubled by his wounds, falling ill every [[13 March]] and [[6 October]], clutching the white gem in a manner reminiscent of the One Ring. Frodo served as [[Mayor of Michel Delving]] until [[Will Whitfoot]] was restored in {{SR|1420}}.<ref name=chief>{{App|Chief}}</ref> Having no family of his own, Frodo left his estate ([[Bag End]]) and passed on the [[Red Book of Westmarch|Red Book]] to Samwise Gamgee, who named [[Frodo Gardner|his son]] after Frodo.<br />
<br />
On [[September 21]] of {{TA|3021}} Frodo set out for the [[Grey Havens]]. Going south to Woody End he met the [[Last Riding of the Keepers]], Elrond, Galadriel, and Bilbo. On [[September 29]] they came to the firth of [[Lhûn]] where Gandalf awaited them, and on the [[White Ship]]<ref name=chief/> they crossed the [[Straight Road]] into the West. Frodo would spend the rest of his days in "''a period of reflection and peace''" on [[Tol Eressëa]], giving him the opportunity to truly understand his position in [[Arda]] before passing beyond the [[Circles of the World]].<ref>{{L|246}}: "''a gaining of a truer understanding of his position...''"</ref><br />
<br />
==Legacy==<br />
According to [[Elanor Gardner]], Sam followed Frodo across the sea on September 22nd, 1482 following the death of his wife [[Rose Cotton|Rose (née Cotton)]].<ref>{{App|B5}}: "''Among them the tradition is handed down from Elanor...''"</ref><br />
<br />
At some point well into the [[Fourth Age]], the words "''Frodos Dreme''" appeared scrawled at the head of a poem, [[The Sea-Bell]], within the Red Book, possibly derived from the nightmares that Frodo had before passing into the West.<ref>{{AB|Preface}}: "''It is the latest piece and belongs to the Fourth Age...''"</ref><br />
<br />
==Characteristics==<br />
The only real description of Frodo's appearance was given only once by Gandalf in his letter to Barliman Butterbur, in which he was declared a "stout fellow with red cheeks, taller than some (hobbits), and fairer than most", with a cleft chin, a bright eye, and a perky personality.<ref name="Strider"/> Although Frodo was apparently fairly stout before his journey, he seemed to have lost a significant amount of weight on his trip from Hobbiton to Rivendell.<ref name="Meetings"/> Also, at a later point, Sam remarked that Frodo was "too thin and drawn" for a hobbit.<ref>{{TT|Herbs}}</ref><br />
<br />
Frodo carried a small Elven sword called [[Sting]] and wore a coat of Dwarven mail made of ''[[mithril]]'' under his clothes, both given to him by Bilbo. In [[Lothlórien]], [[Galadriel]] gave him an [[Elven cloaks|Elven cloak]] that helped him blend in with his natural surroundings and a phial carrying the light of the [[Star of Eärendil]] to aid him on his quest.<br />
<br />
Before Frodo returned to the Shire after the Quest of the Ring was completed, Arwen Evenstar, wife of Aragorn and daughter of Elrond, gave Frodo a white gem on a silver necklace to wear around his neck.<br />
<br />
Frodo is said to have shown great "skill with foreign sounds" and probably could pronounce [[Elvish]] correctly, more than other Hobbits (who pronounced long Elvish vowels as diphthongs).<ref>{{App|Vowels}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
The name ''Frodo Baggins'' is an English translation of his [[Westron]] name '''[[Maura]] [[Baggins Family|Labingi]]'''. The name ''Maura'' has the element ''maur-'' (wise, experienced), which Tolkien equated to the Germanic element ''frod-'' of the same meaning. Frodo's name in [[Sindarin]] was '''''[[Iorhael]]''''' ("old-wise") although in some instance he is mentioned as '''Daur''' (probably [[lenition|lenited]] form of ''[[taur]]'').<br />
<br />
In the German translation he is called ''Frodo Beutlin'', in Spanish, ''Frodo Bolsón'', in French, ''Frodon Sacquet'', or ''Frodo Bessac'' (in the latest translation of the books), in Norwegian, ''Frodo Lommelun'', in Danish, ''Frodo Sækker'', in Faroese, ''Fróði Pjøkin'', in Finnish, ''Frodo Reppuli'', in Swedish, ''Frodo Secker'', in Portuguese, ''Frodo Bolseiro'', in Czech, ''Frodo Pytlík,'' and in Dutch, ''Frodo Balings''. In one of three Polish translations he is called ''Frodo Bagosz'', but he keeps his original name in the other two.<br />
<br />
===Other names===<br />
* Frodo Baggins - ''fród'' means "wise by experience" in [[Old English]]. Baggins may have been a reference to [[Bag End]] or may come from "bagging" which means "eating between meals" in northern England.<br />
* [[Maura]] [[Baggins Family|Labingi]] - the [[Hobbitish]] name for Frodo.<br />
* [[Ring-bearers|Ring-bearer]] - he bore the [[One Ring]] to [[Mount Doom]].<br />
* [[Elf-friends|Elf-friend]] - given to him by [[Gildor|Gildor Inglorion]].<br />
* [[Mr. Underhill]] - used during his stay in [[The Prancing Pony]] to conceal his identity.<br />
* [[The Halfling]] - a name used for him from [[Boromir]]'s dream.<br />
* [[Master]] - given to Frodo by both [[Samwise Gamgee]] as Sam was his gardener, and [[Gollum]], as Frodo was the Master of the Precious.<br />
* Nine-fingered Frodo\Frodo of the Nine Fingers - given to Frodo after Gollum bit off his finger.<br />
* Deputy Mayor of [[Michel Delving]] - he was the Deputy from November {{TA|3019|n}} through Mid-Year's Day in {{TA|3020|n}}.<br />
* [[Taur|Daur]] - which translates to "noble" and was given to Frodo at the [[Field of Cormallen]].<br />
* [[Iorhael]] - the [[Sindarin]] name for Frodo which comes from ''[[iaur]]'' meaning "old" and ''[[sael]]'' meaning "wise".<br />
<br />
* [[Bingo Baggins]] - Frodo's name in the early drafts of ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''.<br />
* ''Bronwe athan Harthad'' - name given to Frodo by Gandalf in an early version of the ''[[Many Partings]]'' chapter, meaning "Endurance beyond Hope".<ref>{{SD|VII}}: "''the bards and the minstrels should give them new names...''"</ref><br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| | |BAL|y|BER| |BAL=[[Balbo Baggins]]|BER=[[Berylla Baggins|Berylla Boffin]]}}<br />
{{familytree| |,|-|-|-|^|-|.| |}}<br />
{{familytree|MUN| | | |LAR|y|TAN|MUN=[[Mungo Baggins]]<br />(grandfather of Bilbo)|LAR=[[Largo Baggins]]|TAN=[[Tanta Hornblower]]}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | |,|-|-|-|v|^|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | |DOR| |DRO|y|PRI| |DUD|DOR=[[Dora Baggins]]|DRO=[[Drogo Baggins]]|PRI=[[Primula Brandybuck]]|DUD=[[Dudo Baggins]]}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!|}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | |FRO| | | |DAI|~|GRI|FRO='''Frodo Baggins'''|DAI=[[Daisy Baggins]]|GRI=[[Griffo Boffin]]}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Frodo Baggins in adaptations<br />
|width=170<br />
|height=170<br />
|lines=3<br />
|File:Frodo.png|Frodo in [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]<br />
|File:Frodo Rankin Bass.png|Frodo in [[The Return of the King (1980 film)|''The Return of the King'' (1980 film)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings - The Return of the King - Frodo at the Grey Havens.png|Frodo in [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings - The Fellowship of the Ring (video game) - Frodo Baggins and the One Ring.JPG|Frodo in [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Frodo Baggins.jpg|''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
|File:Lego LOTR logo.png|Frodo as a ''[[Lego]]'' minifigure<br />
}}<br />
===Films===<br />
'''1978: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo was voiced by [[Christopher Guard]]. [[Sharon Baird]] was the model for Frodo in the live-action recordings Bakshi used for rotoscoping.<br />
<br />
'''1980: [[The Return of the King (1980 film)|''The Return of the King'' (1980 film)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo was voiced by [[Orson Bean]], who had previously played Bilbo in [[The Hobbit (1977 film)|''The Hobbit'' (1977 film)]].<br />
<br />
'''2001-03: [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo is played by [[Elijah Wood]]. <br />
<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
:[[Elijah Wood]] reprises his role as Frodo Baggins.<ref name="PJCasting">{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150168211921558|articlename=Production begins in New Zealand on The Hobbit|dated=20-March-2011|website=[http://www.facebook.com/ Facebook]|accessed=23-Dec-2011}}</ref> He has a conversation with Bilbo on the day of his 111th Birthday, before setting off to the woods to wait for Gandalf.<br />
<br />
===Television===<br />
'''1993: [[Hobitit|''Hobitit'']]:'''<br />
:Frodo was played by Taneli Mäkelä.<br />
<br />
===Radio series===<br />
'''1955: [[The Lord of the Rings (1955 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1955 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:[[Oliver Burt]] provided the voice of Frodo.<br />
<br />
'''1979: [[The Lord of the Rings (1979 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1979 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:The voice of Frodo is provided by [[James Arrington]]. <br />
<br />
'''1981: [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo is voiced by [[Ian Holm]].<br />
<br />
'''1992: [[Der Herr der Ringe (1992 German radio series)|''Der Herr der Ringe'' (1992 German radio series)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo is played by Matthias Haase.<br />
<br />
'''1992: [[Tales from the Perilous Realm (1992 radio series)|''Tales from the Perilous Realm'' (1992 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:In two episodes telling of the meeting of Frodo and [[Tom Bombadil]], [[Nigel Planer]] provided the voice of Frodo.<br />
<br />
'''2001-2003: [[Pán prsteňov (2001-2003 Slovak radio series)|''Pán prsteňov'' (2001-2003 Slovak radio series)]]:'''<br />
:In the first of the three series (seasons), based on ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', the voice of Frodo is provided by Dušan Cinkota. Cinkota was unable to reprise his role after the first series, and the role of Frodo was recast with Ľuboš Kostelný for the second and third series (based on ''[[The Two Towers]]'' and ''[[The Return of the King]]'').<br />
<br />
===Games===<br />
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo is one of the playable characters; his story doesn't significantly differ from the book. He is voiced by [[Steve Staley]].<br />
<br />
'''2003: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo is present in all missions from Sam's perspective: escape from [[Osgiliath]], Shelob's Lair, Cirith Ungol and the Crack of Doom. Completing the game allows to replay those missions from Frodo's perspective.<br />
<br />
'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Frodo is a "Hero" unit of the Free People; his ability to use the Ring and turn invisible makes him ideal for scout missions.<br />
<br />
'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth]]'':'''<br />
:Unlike most other characters, Frodo and Sam make no appearance in Skirmish battles - they only appear in the storyline campaign.<br />
<br />
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''<br />
:Frodo and other Hobbits are no longer permanent units, they are now a temporary power boost available to Free People forces.<br />
<br />
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:Frodo is first met in Rivendell, preparing for departure. Later, he is found on Cerin Amroth in Lothlorien, weary from the loss of [[Gandalf]]. From [[Amon Hen]] onwards, player experiences Frodo's journey in a series of Session Plays, alternatively playing as either Frodo, Sam or [[Gollum]]. The player meets Frodo again at the [[Field of Cormallen]], he later gives a speech at [[Aragorn]] and [[Arwen]]. A Hobbit actor portrays Frodo Baggins in a Hobbit-made theater play "The Disappearance of Mad Baggins". Notably, the player is not told about Frodo's mission for a very long time, with [[Elrond]], [[Gandalf]], [[Aragorn]] and others only saying that it is "of great importance".<br />
<br />
'''2011: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'':'''<br />
:Frodo is mentioned as '''"Frodo the Ringbearer"''', one of the much honored heroes of the [[War of the Ring]], in the introduction of the game.<br>In [[The Prancing Pony]] [[Aragorn]] tells that he is waiting on a [[Hobbits|Hobbit]] with [[The One Ring|an important burden]], this refers to Frodo and the One Ring.<ref>''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'', ''Prologue''</ref><br />
:Later in the game, Frodo appears in [[Rivendell]], but interactions with him do not affect the main plot.<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Timeline of Frodo Baggins]]<br />
<br />
{{References|Notes}}<br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
| race=hobbit<br />
| house=[[Baggins Family]]<br />
| born=[[22 September]], {{TA|2968}}<br />
| died=Sailed west on [[29 September]], {{TA|3021}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
| prev=[[Bilbo Baggins]]<br />
| list=[[Ring-bearers|Ring-bearer]]<br />
| dates=[[22 September]], {{TA|3001}} - [[13 March]], {{TA|3019|n}}<br />
| next=[[Samwise Gamgee]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
| prev=[[Samwise Gamgee]]<br />
| list=[[Ring-bearers|Ring-bearer]]<br />
| dates=[[14 March|14]] - [[25 March]], {{TA|3019}}<br />
| next=[[Gollum]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}{{councilofelrond}}{{fellowship}}{{FellowshipRoute}}{{ringbearers}}{{hobbitfilms}}{{lordoftheringsfilms}}<br />
[[Category:Baggins]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:Chroniclers of Arda]]<br />
[[Category:Hobbits]]<br />
[[Category:Ring-bearers]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
<br />
[[de:Frodo Beutlin]]<br />
[[fi:Frodo Reppuli]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:hobbits:bessac:frodo_bessac]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Frodo_Baggins&diff=388417Frodo Baggins2024-03-28T08:01:28Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: /* Childhood and youth */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Disambig-two|the Ring-bearer|son of [[Samwise Gamgee]]|[[Frodo Gardner]]}}<br />
{{hobbit infobox<br />
| name=Frodo Baggins<br />
| image=[[File:Jenny Dolfen - Frodo Baggins.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Frodo Baggins" by [[Jenny Dolfen]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=''[[#Other names|See below]]''<br />
| titles=<br />
| position=[[Ring-bearers|Ring-bearer]]<br />
| location=[[Brandy Hall]], [[Buckland]]<br/>[[Bag End]], [[Hobbiton]]<br/>[[Crickhollow]]<br/>[[Tol Eressëa]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Fellowship of the Ring]]<br />
| language=[[Westron]] and [[Sindarin]]<br />
| birth=[[22 September]], {{TA|2968}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=<br />
| sailedwest=[[29 September]], {{TA|3021}}<br />
| sailedfrom=[[Grey Havens]]<br />
| age=53<br />
| notablefor=Bearing the [[One Ring]] to the land of [[Mordor]], and bringing it to the [[Cracks of Doom]]<br />
| family=[[Baggins Family|Baggins]]<br />
| parentage=[[Drogo Baggins]] and [[Primula Brandybuck]]<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=Never married<br />
| children=None<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Taller than some Hobbits<ref name="Strider">{{FR|Strider}}</ref><br />
| hair=Brown<ref group="note">In the chapter "[[Strider (chapter)|Strider]]", [[Nob]] says to Frodo: "And I made a nice imitation of your head with a brown woollen mat"</ref><br />
| skin=Fairer than most Hobbits<ref name="Strider">{{FR|Strider}}</ref><br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=[[Mithril coat]], [[Elven cloaks|Elven cloak]]<br />
| weapons=[[Sting]]<br />
| steed=[[Strider (pony)|Strider]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{quote|And though all the mighty elf-friends of old, [[Hador]], and [[Húrin]], and [[Túrin]], and [[Beren]] himself were assembled together, your seat should be among them.|Elrond to Frodo Baggins in ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', "[[The Council of Elrond]]"}}<br />
<br />
'''Frodo Baggins''' was a [[Hobbits|hobbit]] of the [[Third Age]], the most famous of all Hobbits in the histories for his leading role in the [[Quest of the Ring]]. During this epic quest, he bore [[the One Ring]] to [[Mount Doom]] and there destroyed it, giving him renown like no other [[Hobbits|Halfling]] throughout [[Middle-earth]]. He is also peculiar for being, as a [[Ring-bearers|Ring-bearer]], one of the only three Hobbits to be granted passage from Middle-earth to [[Aman]], the [[Undying Lands]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===Childhood and youth===<br />
Frodo, child of the respectable [[Drogo Baggins]] and [[Primula Brandybuck]], was born on [[22 September]] of {{TA|2968}}. After his parents died in a boating accident, Frodo went to live in [[Brandy Hall]] with his mother’s relatives, the [[Brandybucks]]. He grew up under the guardianship of the [[Master of Buckland]] [[Rorimac Brandybuck|Rorimac "Goldfather" Brandybuck]], who was his uncle.{{fact}} Frodo was caught several times stealing [[mushrooms]] from [[Farmer Maggot]], who, on the last incident, thrashed Frodo and set his three dogs to chase Frodo from [[Bamfurlong]] to [[Bucklebury Ferry]]. Frodo was terrified of them afterwards.<ref>{{FR|14}}: "''though I daresay the beasts knew their business...''"</ref><br />
<br />
Frodo stayed in Buckland until his "uncle" [[Bilbo Baggins|Bilbo]] adopted him and took him in to live in [[Bag End]], Bilbo's house in [[Hobbiton]]. He enjoyed life with Bilbo, with whom he shared the same birthday - though others often called the old hobbit "queer." Bilbo taught him to read, and told him stories of the past, even giving him some instruction in the [[elvish]] tongue. Frodo was the only one Bilbo allowed to read [[There and Back Again|his memoirs]]. Bilbo made Frodo his heir, frustrating the attempts of the disagreeable [[Sackville-Baggins Family|Sackville-Baggins]]es, who coveted the estate of Bag End.<ref name=party>{{FR|Party}}</ref><br />
<br />
The two went often out for long walks along the lanes of the [[Water-valley]] and talked about adventure; they were sometimes seen by [[Wandering Companies]] of [[Elves]], though the hobbits did not see them. When they returned home, Bilbo would tell Frodo that the Road is like a massive river, and all porches are its "springs" and all paths are its "tributaries".<ref>{{FR|Three}}</ref><br />
<br />
Frodo and Bilbo were comfortable and well off until {{TA|3001}}. At this time, Bilbo threw an enormous [[Bilbo's Farewell Party|party]] to celebrate his 111th birthday, and Frodo's 33rd, the date of Frodo's coming of age. At this party Bilbo gave his farewell speech, and made his long-planned "disappearance" and withdrawal from [[the Shire]]. Frodo, who had been informed beforehand of the "joke", as Bilbo called it, was spared the shock that afflicted the other assembled Hobbits. Frodo returned home as the new Master of Bag End, as per [[Bilbo's will]]. He was greeted there by [[Gandalf]], who informed him that, among other things, Frodo had inherited Bilbo's [[One Ring|magic ring]].<br />
<br />
===Master of Bag End===<br />
[[File:Eric Faure-Brac - Bag End.jpg|thumb|left|220px|''Bag End'' by Eric Faure-Brac]]<br />
Frodo took charge of distributing the presents Bilbo had left for the other hobbits, a long and tiring task. Then [[Gandalf]] the [[Wizards|wizard]], who had come for the festivities, warned Frodo not to use the magic ring, and to keep it secret and safe. Then he left, Frodo knew not where, with his mind full of curiosity about the ring. A suspicion was growing in the back of the Wizard's mind, but Gandalf did not yet know what it was.<br />
<br />
Frodo, meanwhile, was quite well off. He continued honouring Bilbo every year along with his own birthday. He had also inherited some strange customs from Bilbo, like wandering by himself at nights far from home in the hills and woods under the starlight. His closest friends at this time were [[Meriadoc Brandybuck|Merry]] and [[Peregrin Took|Pippin]], also [[Folco Boffin]] and [[Fredegar Bolger]], and other cousins from the family of the [[Old Took]]. Like Bilbo, Frodo continued to look robust and energetic even in his forties, and dreamed of one day seeing mountains and wilderness; he often wondered what lay beyond the borders of the Shire, and as he grew older, he would travel further and further from home. His friends were worried, and suspected that he met [[Elves]] and other strangers that had begun to be more common sights in the Shire. These strangers bore strange tales of unrest from lands far-off.<ref name=shadow>{{FR|Shadow}}</ref><br />
<br />
Still, he lived in peace and respectability for seventeen years, until Gandalf returned with the dreadful revelation that the "magic ring" was really the [[One Ring]], weapon of [[Sauron]], a thing of evil power thousands of years old. Furthermore, the Dark Lord was now aware of its survival, and would be searching for it, as [[Gollum]] had revealed - under torture - that it was to be found in the Shire. After a long discussion and a test by fire, which revealed the [[Black Speech]] written upon the ring, the two agreed that Frodo would have to leave the Shire for his own safety. [[Samwise Gamgee]], the gardener, was selected to travel with him. Gandalf recommended Rivendell as a destination, as the road was likely safe and the valley well-protected. He told Frodo to take the alias [[Mr. Underhill|Underhill]] while abroad. Frodo was reluctant, but wisely followed the wizard's advice. He bought a house in [[Crickhollow]] as an excuse to head east.<br />
<br />
Gandalf stayed for two months while Frodo worked out the details. At the end of that time the wizard left to "get some news", as rather disturbing tidings had come to his ears. He promised to be back for the farewell party. Meanwhile, Frodo was not aware that some of his closest friends were watching him - [[Fredegar Bolger|Fredegar "Fatty" Bolger]], his cousin [[Peregrin Took|Peregrin "Pippin" Took]], [[Meriadoc Brandybuck|Meriadoc "Merry" Brandybuck]], and Sam himself knew that Frodo and Gandalf were in some trouble concerning the Ring, and that Frodo was preparing for some adventure.<br />
<br />
As autumn passed, Frodo was waiting for Gandalf, but did not return and Frodo grew quite anxious. Merry and Fatty drove the cart of Frodo's belongings ahead, while Frodo still waited for Gandalf. At the last possible day, he gave up waiting and departed with Pippin and Sam.<br />
<br />
===Hobbiton to Crickhollow===<br />
[[File:Ted Nasmith - Last Sight of Hobbiton.jpg|thumb|220px|''Last Sight of Hobbiton'' by [[Ted Nasmith]]]]<br />
Less than a day into their journey, Frodo, strangely nervous, requested that the threesome hide upon the approach of a [[Nazgûl|horseman]]. The rider was dressed in black, riding upon a black horse, and making queer sniffling noises. Frodo felt the urge to put on the Ring and vanish, but just as he was about to give in, the rider departed at a trot. Samwise then remarked upon the "[[Nazgûl|Black Rider]]" that had spoken to his father, [[Gaffer Gamgee]], some time earlier. This made Frodo wish that he had waited for Gandalf.<br />
<br />
That night, they were again overtaken by a Black Horseman. This time it seemed to be able to sniff out their hiding place. But as it approached, it was driven away by the song of a group of [[Elves]]. Their leader, [[Gildor]], greeted the hobbits warmly, and lauded Frodo for his knowledge of their tongue. Frodo tried to get information from Gildor on the Black Riders, but the elf would tell him very little. Gildor foresaw that Frodo would have many dealings with the Riders in the future, and urged him to flee them whenever he met them. He and his party left the Hobbits before daybreak, while the three slept.<br />
<br />
The next day the threesome agreed to stay off the road. After a brief scare when Sam sighted a Rider, they worried about losing their way. That evening they heard a terrible wail, and Frodo distinguished words in it. Before long they came to [[Bamfurlong]], the property of [[Farmer Maggot]]. Although Pippin knew Maggot, Frodo recalled a scare he had received at a young age after caught stealing the farmer’s mushrooms, being threatened with the dogs. He froze when the dogs came forth from the house, but Maggot's hospitality soon won him over. When Maggot told of a Black Rider who had stopped at his house asking for "Baggins," and made several shrewd guesses, Frodo grew uncomfortable. Maggot took them to [[Bucklebury Ferry]] in his wagon. There they joined up with Merry. As they were ferried across into [[Buckland]], they caught sight of a dark shape on the landing from which they had come.<br />
<br />
===Crickhollow to Bree===<br />
[[File:Ted Nasmith - Under the Spell of the Barrow-wight.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''Under the Spell of the Barrow-wight'']]<br />
When they reached the house in Crickhollow, the other hobbits revealed their knowledge of the One Ring and promised to stick with Frodo on the road to [[Rivendell]]. The next morning, leaving Fatty to housesit, they passed into the [[Old Forest]]. In time they were driven by the trees down to the [[Withywindle]], where they were ensnared by [[Old Man Willow]]. Rescued by [[Tom Bombadil]], the hobbits came to his house. There they met Tom's wife, [[Goldberry]], and Frodo was moved to poetry over her loveliness. He was interested in Bombadil himself, and several times tried to learn who he was. That night he dreamed of a white-haired figure on a pinnacle of stone, borne away by an eagle.<br />
<br />
The next day Frodo tried on the Ring, after finding it had no effect on Bombadil. Not subject to the Ring’s power, Tom nevertheless could see Frodo. That night Frodo dreamed once more, a dream he never forgot.<br />
<br />
{{Blockquote|Frodo heard a sweet singing running in his mind: a song that seemed to come like a pale light behind a grey rain-curtain, and growing stronger to turn the veil all to glass and silver, until at last it was rolled back, and a far green country opened before him under a swift sunrise.|''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', "[[Fog on the Barrow-downs]]"}}<br />
<br />
After bidding Tom and Goldberry farewell, the Hobbits went on and traveled through the [[barrow-downs]]. Becoming lost in the mist, they were taken by the [[barrow-wights]], Frodo last of all. Frodo woke in the barrow to find the barrow-wight bending over his three friends. He rose and in a tremendous act of bravery and resilience took a sword and smote off the wight's hand. Then he summoned Bombadil with a [[Ho! Tom Bombadil, Tom Bombadillo!|song]] Tom had taught him. Bombadil drove the wight away and helped Frodo wake the others. Tom gave the hobbits ponies and escorted them all to the road before turning his face back toward the Withywindle. The hobbits continued along the road to Bree, where they took lodging at [[The Prancing Pony]] inn as Bombadil had recommended, with Frodo registering under the name of [[Mr. Underhill|Underhill]] as Gandalf had suggested.<br />
<br />
===Strider and Weathertop===<br />
[[File:Peter Xavier Price - Strider in The Prancing Pony.jpg|thumb|200px|''Strider in The Prancing Pony'' by [[Peter Xavier Price]]]]<br />
While Merry went out to take a walk in the night air, the other hobbits came down to the common-room and were introduced by the landlord [[Barliman Butterbur]] to the gathering, Frodo under his alias. Frodo asked if Gandalf was present in Bree, only to learn that he had not yet arrived. While Pippin and Sam enjoyed the drink and conversation, Frodo remained withdrawn, soon falling into conversation with a curious [[Rangers of the North|ranger]] called [[Aragorn|Strider]], who gave him a warning about letting his friends talk to much. Pippin began to tell about [[Bilbo's Farewell Party|Bilbo's Birthday Party]], and Frodo, at Strider’s encouragement and in an attempt to prevent the name of Baggins from being raised, began to sing ''[[The Man in the Moon Stayed Up Too Late]]''. This proved popular with the gathering, but unfortunately, as Frodo relaxed, he fell from the table and the Ring slipped on his finger, causing him to vanish.<br />
<br />
[[File:John Howe - Against the Shadow.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''Against the Shadow'' by [[John Howe]]]]<br />
Frodo crawled over to Strider's corner and slipped off the Ring, and said that he had rolled quickly to the side. The suspicious Breelanders, however, grew angry or frightened, and eventually all left the common-room. Frodo and his comrades retired to their room, where they found Strider waiting to talk to them. Strider was honest and blunt, telling what he had overheard and what he knew of them, as well as warning them of the Black Riders and traitors in Bree. He urged them to accept his aide by inviting him into the company. Frodo was leaning to believe the ranger when Butterbur broke in, giving Frodo the long-awaited letter from Gandalf, undelivered by Butterbur’s forgetfulness. After some little bit of light was shed on the situation to the innkeeper, he swore to help the hobbits in any way he could, as a friend of Gandalf and one very much afraid of Mordor. Frodo, reading the letter, learned that Gandalf recommended Strider as one to whom Frodo could go for help. After some further debate, Frodo agreed to let Strider lead them to Rivendell.<br />
<br />
Strider arranged for a deception, by moving them to a different room. The next morning, their ponies were gone and the room was ravaged. Butterbur paid for a [[Bill the Pony|replacement pony]], and the four hobbits and ranger set out into the Wilds. They passed through [[Chetwood]] and [[Midgewater Marshes]], and finally to the [[Weather Hills]] before coming up to [[Weathertop]]. Black Riders were sighted from the top of the cairn, and Strider counselled to remain where they were. Shortly after the Black Riders came, and Frodo was stricken down. In desperation he put on the Ring and saw the [[Nazgûl]] in their true forms. Frodo then tried to attack in [[Varda|Elbereth]]’s name, but their leader, the [[Witch-king]] of [[Angmar]], stabbed Frodo in the shoulder with a [[Morgul-knife]], before being driven away by Strider.<br />
<br />
===Weathertop to Rivendell===<br />
Because of a piece of the knife embedded in his shoulder, Frodo started to become ill, so his companions hurried to take him to the [[Rivendell|House of Elrond]]. After journeying for 12 days, they were found by [[Glorfindel]], one of the [[Calaquendi|High Elves]], who was sent by Elrond to help Frodo after he heard of him from Gildor. Glorfindel, seeing that Frodo was starting to fade, put him upon his horse, [[Asfaloth]], and ordered him to go on when the Ringwraiths approached. Asfaloth outran the steeds of the Nazgûl and bore Frodo across the [[Ford of Bruinen]], but Frodo, who was on the brink of becoming a [[Wraiths|wraith]], turned around at the other side and defied the Nine. The Riders, were driven into the [[Bruinen|River]] by Glorfindel, Strider and the three hobbits, where they were swept away by the ensuing waters.<ref>{{FR|Flight}}</ref> As a sign that Frodo was shifting to the [[Wraith-world]], he could see the [[Unseen]] [[Light of Valinor|luminous form]] of Glorfindel.<br />
<br />
Unconscious, Frodo was carried inside Rivendell, where Elrond removed the fragment of the knife from his shoulder. He awoke two days later, mostly recovered, and was delighted to find that Gandalf had arrived. Frodo's recovery was celebrated with a feast during which he met [[Glóin]] and asked concerning the [[Dwarves of Erebor]]. Afterwards, Elrond led his guests to the [[Hall of Fire]], where Frodo found Bilbo, whom he hadn't seen in seventeen years. Bilbo asked to see the Ring and was saddened to see Frodo's negative reaction. The two hobbits then enjoyed talking about Bilbo's [[Translations from the Elvish|works on lore]] and [[the Shire]].<ref name="Meetings">{{FR|Meetings}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Fellowship of the Ring===<br />
{{seealso|Quest of the Ring}}<br />
During the [[Council of Elrond]], it was decided that the Ring must be destroyed by casting it into the [[Cracks of Doom]]. Frodo volunteered to be the [[Ring-bearers|Ring-bearer]], and a [[Fellowship of the Ring|Fellowship]] was formed to protect him; the fellowship included Gandalf, Aragorn (Strider's real name), [[Boromir]] of [[Gondor]], [[Legolas]] of the [[Woodland Realm]], [[Gimli]] of [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]], and Frodo's friends Sam, Merry and Pippin.<ref name=council>{{FR|Council}}</ref> Before their departure, Bilbo gave Frodo his sword, [[Sting]], and his [[Mithril coat]] to protect him on the perilous journey to [[Mount Doom]] that lay ahead.<br />
<br />
On [[December 25]], the fellowship left Rivendell, and headed south along the west side of the [[Misty Mountains]]. They attempted to cross them by the Redhorn gate, but were thwarted by a fierce blizzard <ref>{{FR|II3}}</ref> and had to go back. After surviving a [[Wargs|Warg]] attack, Gandalf persuaded the company to go through the abandoned [[Dwarves|Dwarf]] kingdom of [[Moria]]. Just before entering Moria, Frodo was attacked by the [[Watcher in the Water]] and barely escaped. During the journey through Moria, Frodo began to suspect that something was tracking them. Later, inside the [[chamber of Mazarbul]], the Fellowship was attacked by [[Orcs]], and Frodo was struck by an Orc spear but was saved by the mithril coat he wore. The company escaped the chamber, and were close to exiting Moria, when [[Durin's Bane]] appeared and pursued them to the [[bridge of Khazad-dûm]] where Gandalf held him off so the rest of the Fellowship could escape. After breaking the bridge, both he and the [[Balrogs|Balrog]] fell and disappeared into the chasm below, after which Aragorn took over as leader.<ref>{{FR|Bridge}}</ref><br />
[[File:Alan Lee - The Mirror of Galadriel.jpg|thumb|''The Mirror of Galadriel'' by [[Alan Lee]]]]<br />
Eventually they reached [[Lothlórien]], and were housed by the elves at [[Caras Galadhon]]. During their rest there, [[Galadriel]] allowed Frodo and Sam to look into the [[Mirror of Galadriel]], in which they saw many things.<ref>{{FR|Mirror}}</ref> When leaving the Woods, Galadriel gave Frodo a [[Phial of Galadriel|vial]] with light from the [[Silmaril]] of [[Eärendil]].<ref>{{FR|Farewell}}</ref><br />
<br />
They travelled down the [[Anduin]] river in boats given to them by the elves. On their trip down the river, Frodo confirmed his suspicion that they were being trailed by Gollum. At [[Amon Hen]], the Ring's corrupting power caused Boromir to try to take the Ring from Frodo, who escaped by putting it on. Seeing the corrupting influence of the ring on Boromir, he then decided to leave the Fellowship and go on alone, but he was thwarted in this when Sam discovered him attempting to cross the [[Nen Hithoel]], and insisted on accompanying him.<br />
<br />
===Emyn Muil to Ithilien=== <br />
The two companions reached [[Amon Lhaw]] and toiled through the [[Emyn Muil]]. Soon after, they found Gollum following them, and they captured him with the [[Elven rope]]. <br />
[[Image:Ted Nasmith - Through the Marshes.jpg|thumb|left|''Through the Marshes'' by [[Ted Nasmith]]]]<br />
Frodo decided to trust Gollum to be their guide. He led the Hobbits out of the Emyn Muil and through the [[Dead Marshes]]. During their route, they were delayed several times by a [[Nazgûl]] flying on a [[Fell beasts|fell beast]]. The Hobbits reached [[Carchost]], the western [[Towers of the Teeth|Tower of the Teeth]], where Frodo had intended to enter Mordor, but Gollum persuaded Frodo to follow him to a safer entrance, the pass of [[Cirith Ungol]]. During the next night's march they passed into [[North Ithilien]], and by daylight of [[March 7]] they reached the stream of [[Henneth Annûn]].<br />
<br />
Their camp fire attracted the [[Rangers of Ithilien]], and their leader, [[Faramir]] (Boromir's brother), considered them spies and questioned Frodo concerning their errand, who recounted the journeys of the Fellowship, but said nothing about the Ring. Faramir informed Frodo of Boromir's death, implying Frodo's involvement. Faramir blindfolded the Hobbits and led them to Henneth Annûn, a secret Gondorian outpost, and questioned them further in private. After a meal, Sam accidentally revealed that Frodo had the Ring, but Faramir denied its lure, and thus gained the trust of the hobbits.<br />
<br />
During the night, Faramir called Frodo and Sam to him, and showed them Gollum, who had found his way to Henneth Annûn, and (ignorant of their presence) was hunting for [[Fish|fish]]. Faramir, suspecting that Frodo had lied about Gollum's involvement in their quest, threatened to kill him for fear that he might reveal the location of their outpost to the enemy. Frodo confessed to the part of Gollum in their errand, and begged Faramir not to slay him. Gollum was caught and questioned and then surrendered to Frodo. The following morning Faramir released the three travellers, warning them strongly against taking the pass of Cirith Ungol.<br />
<br />
===Entering Mordor===<br />
[[File:John Howe - Shelob About to Leap on Frodo.jpg|thumb|left|''Shelob About to Leap on Frodo'' by [[John Howe]]]]<br />
After two marches they came to the valley of the [[Morgulduin]] and continued east. On the "[[Dawnless Day]]" Gollum lead them east to the [[Southward Road]] and reached the [[Cross-roads]] just as the sun was setting.<ref>{{TT|Journey}}</ref> They reached just opposite the north-facing gate of [[Minas Morgul]] and they saw the Morgul-host march forth.<br />
<br />
In that night they ascended the [[Straight Stair]] and reached the top of the [[Winding Stair]] at dawn of [[March 11]] where they were woken by Gollum. He led the up the to the entrance to [[Shelob's Lair]]. Inside the tunnel Gollum betrayed Frodo and Sam to [[Shelob]] the [[Spiders|spider]], who stung Frodo after he left the tunnel. Sam saved Frodo from being eaten by Shelob, but thought him dead and took the Ring from him, resolving to continue the Quest alone. However Frodo (who was still alive) was captured by Orcs and taken to the [[Tower of Cirith Ungol]].<br />
<br />
===Cirith Ungol to Mount Doom===<br />
[[File:John Howe - Mount Doom II.jpg|thumb|right|250px|''Mount Doom'' by [[John Howe]] ]]<br />
Learning of this, Sam rescued Frodo and on early [[March 15]] the Hobbits escaped and jumped into the ravine west of the [[Morgai]] and crossed the valley. The next day they attempted to climb the Morgai, but had to retrace their steps and reached the north end of the valley, and on [[March 18]] they set out on the road that ran to the [[Carach Angren|Isenmouthe]]. There they were overtaken by an Orc troop and had to follow their trot.<br />
<br />
As Sauron's troops moved at night, the hobbits continued their journey in daytime towards Mount Doom. During the morning of [[March 25]] they reached the [[Cracks of Doom|Crack of Doom]] where, at the last moment, Frodo, under the influence of the Ring, claimed it as his own. However, at that moment he was attacked by [[Gollum]], who seized the Ring and then fell into the fire with it, thus destroying the Ring.<br />
<br />
By then, this pressure of the ring reached its maximum, which was impossible, "especially after long possession, months of increasing torment, and when starved and exhausted." Frodo had done what he could, and by then he was simply incapable of making a conscious decision to destroy the Ring.<ref>{{L|246}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Return home===<br />
Frodo and Sam were rescued by [[Gwaihir]], [[Landroval]] and [[Meneldor]] and taken to [[Ithilien]]. After being healed and having rested for a month, the Ring-bearers were honoured on the [[Field of Cormallen]]. The following months the Hobbits witnessed the coronation of their companion Aragorn as King Elessar, and were present at his marriage to [[Arwen]] that summer. Arwen renounced her [[immortality]] and gave to Frodo her place to sail into the [[Uttermost West|West]]. She also gave to Frodo a white gem on a silver necklace that she claims would aid him when he remembers the fear and darkness of the toll the ring took on him.<ref>{{RK|Partings}}</ref><br />
<br />
Frodo and his company left Minas Tirith on [[July 19]] for [[Edoras]] and the funeral of King [[Théoden]], then set out for the [[Hornburg]] and eventually [[Isengard]]. They parted there from Legolas, Gimli, and Aragorn.<br />
<br />
After overtaking Saruman and [[Gríma|Wormtongue]], they reached the [[Mountains of Moria]]; and when they approached [[Lothlórien]], [[Celeborn]] and Galadriel parted from their company. The hobbits, with Gandalf and other Elves, reached Rivendell on [[September 21]], where Frodo met Bilbo once again.<br />
<br />
They stayed there until [[October 5]] and eventually visited the ''Prancing Pony'' in Bree before reaching the Shire. At the Buckland Gate Gandalf left them to go and have a talk with Tom Bombadil. Once in the Shire, they reached [[Frogmorton]] where they were arrested. The next day they reached [[Bywater]] where they defeated the [[ruffians]] who had overtaken their land. The leader of the ruffians was revealed to be Saruman, and Frodo decided to let him live, even after he had tried to stab him with a knife. But Saruman did not live much longer, for his servant, Wormtongue, killed him himself (before being killed by the hobbits), thus ending the [[War of the Ring]].<br />
<br />
===Later years===<br />
[[File:Francesco Amadio - Grey Havens.jpg|thumb|220px|''Grey Havens'' by [[:Category:Images by Francesco Amadio|Francesco Amadio]]]]<br />
Over the next two years, the travellers reordered the Shire and their lives; but Frodo was still troubled by his wounds, falling ill every [[13 March]] and [[6 October]], clutching the white gem in a manner reminiscent of the One Ring. Frodo served as [[Mayor of Michel Delving]] until [[Will Whitfoot]] was restored in {{SR|1420}}.<ref name=chief>{{App|Chief}}</ref> Having no family of his own, Frodo left his estate ([[Bag End]]) and passed on the [[Red Book of Westmarch|Red Book]] to Samwise Gamgee, who named [[Frodo Gardner|his son]] after Frodo.<br />
<br />
On [[September 21]] of {{TA|3021}} Frodo set out for the [[Grey Havens]]. Going south to Woody End he met the [[Last Riding of the Keepers]], Elrond, Galadriel, and Bilbo. On [[September 29]] they came to the firth of [[Lhûn]] where Gandalf awaited them, and on the [[White Ship]]<ref name=chief/> they crossed the [[Straight Road]] into the West. Frodo would spend the rest of his days in "''a period of reflection and peace''" on [[Tol Eressëa]], giving him the opportunity to truly understand his position in [[Arda]] before passing beyond the [[Circles of the World]].<ref>{{L|246}}: "''a gaining of a truer understanding of his position...''"</ref><br />
<br />
==Legacy==<br />
According to [[Elanor Gardner]], Sam followed Frodo across the sea on September 22nd, 1482 following the death of his wife [[Rose Cotton|Rose (née Cotton)]].<ref>{{App|B5}}: "''Among them the tradition is handed down from Elanor...''"</ref><br />
<br />
At some point well into the [[Fourth Age]], the words "''Frodos Dreme''" appeared scrawled at the head of a poem, [[The Sea-Bell]], within the Red Book, possibly derived from the nightmares that Frodo had before passing into the West.<ref>{{AB|Preface}}: "''It is the latest piece and belongs to the Fourth Age...''"</ref><br />
<br />
==Characteristics==<br />
The only real description of Frodo's appearance was given only once by Gandalf in his letter to Barliman Butterbur, in which he was declared a "stout fellow with red cheeks, taller than some (hobbits), and fairer than most", with a cleft chin, a bright eye, and a perky personality.<ref name="Strider"/> Although Frodo was apparently fairly stout before his journey, he seemed to have lost a significant amount of weight on his trip from Hobbiton to Rivendell.<ref name="Meetings"/> Also, at a later point, Sam remarked that Frodo was "too thin and drawn" for a hobbit.<ref>{{TT|Herbs}}</ref><br />
<br />
Frodo carried a small Elven sword called [[Sting]] and wore a coat of Dwarven mail made of ''[[mithril]]'' under his clothes, both given to him by Bilbo. In [[Lothlórien]], [[Galadriel]] gave him an [[Elven cloaks|Elven cloak]] that helped him blend in with his natural surroundings and a phial carrying the light of the [[Star of Eärendil]] to aid him on his quest.<br />
<br />
Before Frodo returned to the Shire after the Quest of the Ring was completed, Arwen Evenstar, wife of Aragorn and daughter of Elrond, gave Frodo a white gem on a silver necklace to wear around his neck.<br />
<br />
Frodo is said to have shown great "skill with foreign sounds" and probably could pronounce [[Elvish]] correctly, more than other Hobbits (who pronounced long Elvish vowels as diphthongs).<ref>{{App|Vowels}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
The name ''Frodo Baggins'' is an English translation of his [[Westron]] name '''[[Maura]] [[Baggins Family|Labingi]]'''. The name ''Maura'' has the element ''maur-'' (wise, experienced), which Tolkien equated to the Germanic element ''frod-'' of the same meaning. Frodo's name in [[Sindarin]] was '''''[[Iorhael]]''''' ("old-wise") although in some instance he is mentioned as '''Daur''' (probably [[lenition|lenited]] form of ''[[taur]]'').<br />
<br />
In the German translation he is called ''Frodo Beutlin'', in Spanish, ''Frodo Bolsón'', in French, ''Frodon Sacquet'', or ''Frodo Bessac'' (in the latest translation of the books), in Norwegian, ''Frodo Lommelun'', in Danish, ''Frodo Sækker'', in Faroese, ''Fróði Pjøkin'', in Finnish, ''Frodo Reppuli'', in Swedish, ''Frodo Secker'', in Portuguese, ''Frodo Bolseiro'', in Czech, ''Frodo Pytlík,'' and in Dutch, ''Frodo Balings''. In one of three Polish translations he is called ''Frodo Bagosz'', but he keeps his original name in the other two.<br />
<br />
===Other names===<br />
* Frodo Baggins - ''fród'' means "wise by experience" in [[Old English]]. Baggins may have been a reference to [[Bag End]] or may come from "bagging" which means "eating between meals" in northern England.<br />
* [[Maura]] [[Baggins Family|Labingi]] - the [[Hobbitish]] name for Frodo.<br />
* [[Ring-bearers|Ring-bearer]] - he bore the [[One Ring]] to [[Mount Doom]].<br />
* [[Elf-friends|Elf-friend]] - given to him by [[Gildor|Gildor Inglorion]].<br />
* [[Mr. Underhill]] - used during his stay in [[The Prancing Pony]] to conceal his identity.<br />
* [[The Halfling]] - a name used for him from [[Boromir]]'s dream.<br />
* [[Master]] - given to Frodo by both [[Samwise Gamgee]] as Sam was his gardener, and [[Gollum]], as Frodo was the Master of the Precious.<br />
* Nine-fingered Frodo\Frodo of the Nine Fingers - given to Frodo after Gollum bit off his finger.<br />
* Deputy Mayor of [[Michel Delving]] - he was the Deputy from November {{TA|3019|n}} through Mid-Year's Day in {{TA|3020|n}}.<br />
* [[Taur|Daur]] - which translates to "noble" and was given to Frodo at the [[Field of Cormallen]].<br />
* [[Iorhael]] - the [[Sindarin]] name for Frodo which comes from ''[[iaur]]'' meaning "old" and ''[[sael]]'' meaning "wise".<br />
<br />
* [[Bingo Baggins]] - Frodo's name in the early drafts of ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''.<br />
* ''Bronwe athan Harthad'' - name given to Frodo by Gandalf in an early version of the ''[[Many Partings]]'' chapter, meaning "Endurance beyond Hope".<ref>{{SD|VII}}: "''the bards and the minstrels should give them new names...''"</ref><br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| | |BAL|y|BER| |BAL=[[Balbo Baggins]]|BER=[[Berylla Baggins|Berylla Boffin]]}}<br />
{{familytree| |,|-|-|-|^|-|.| |}}<br />
{{familytree|MUN| | | |LAR|y|TAN|MUN=[[Mungo Baggins]]<br />(grandfather of Bilbo)|LAR=[[Largo Baggins]]|TAN=[[Tanta Hornblower]]}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | |,|-|-|-|v|^|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | |DOR| |DRO|y|PRI| |DUD|DOR=[[Dora Baggins]]|DRO=[[Drogo Baggins]]|PRI=[[Primula Brandybuck]]|DUD=[[Dudo Baggins]]}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!|}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | |FRO| | | |DAI|~|GRI|FRO='''Frodo Baggins'''|DAI=[[Daisy Baggins]]|GRI=[[Griffo Boffin]]}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Frodo Baggins in adaptations<br />
|width=170<br />
|height=170<br />
|lines=3<br />
|File:Frodo.png|Frodo in [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]<br />
|File:Frodo Rankin Bass.png|Frodo in [[The Return of the King (1980 film)|''The Return of the King'' (1980 film)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings - The Return of the King - Frodo at the Grey Havens.png|Frodo in [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings - The Fellowship of the Ring (video game) - Frodo Baggins and the One Ring.JPG|Frodo in [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Frodo Baggins.jpg|''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
|File:Lego LOTR logo.png|Frodo as a ''[[Lego]]'' minifigure<br />
}}<br />
===Films===<br />
'''1978: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo was voiced by [[Christopher Guard]]. [[Sharon Baird]] was the model for Frodo in the live-action recordings Bakshi used for rotoscoping.<br />
<br />
'''1980: [[The Return of the King (1980 film)|''The Return of the King'' (1980 film)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo was voiced by [[Orson Bean]], who had previously played Bilbo in [[The Hobbit (1977 film)|''The Hobbit'' (1977 film)]].<br />
<br />
'''2001-03: [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo is played by [[Elijah Wood]]. <br />
<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
:[[Elijah Wood]] reprises his role as Frodo Baggins.<ref name="PJCasting">{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150168211921558|articlename=Production begins in New Zealand on The Hobbit|dated=20-March-2011|website=[http://www.facebook.com/ Facebook]|accessed=23-Dec-2011}}</ref> He has a conversation with Bilbo on the day of his 111th Birthday, before setting off to the woods to wait for Gandalf.<br />
<br />
===Television===<br />
'''1993: [[Hobitit|''Hobitit'']]:'''<br />
:Frodo was played by Taneli Mäkelä.<br />
<br />
===Radio series===<br />
'''1955: [[The Lord of the Rings (1955 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1955 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:[[Oliver Burt]] provided the voice of Frodo.<br />
<br />
'''1979: [[The Lord of the Rings (1979 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1979 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:The voice of Frodo is provided by [[James Arrington]]. <br />
<br />
'''1981: [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo is voiced by [[Ian Holm]].<br />
<br />
'''1992: [[Der Herr der Ringe (1992 German radio series)|''Der Herr der Ringe'' (1992 German radio series)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo is played by Matthias Haase.<br />
<br />
'''1992: [[Tales from the Perilous Realm (1992 radio series)|''Tales from the Perilous Realm'' (1992 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:In two episodes telling of the meeting of Frodo and [[Tom Bombadil]], [[Nigel Planer]] provided the voice of Frodo.<br />
<br />
'''2001-2003: [[Pán prsteňov (2001-2003 Slovak radio series)|''Pán prsteňov'' (2001-2003 Slovak radio series)]]:'''<br />
:In the first of the three series (seasons), based on ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', the voice of Frodo is provided by Dušan Cinkota. Cinkota was unable to reprise his role after the first series, and the role of Frodo was recast with Ľuboš Kostelný for the second and third series (based on ''[[The Two Towers]]'' and ''[[The Return of the King]]'').<br />
<br />
===Games===<br />
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo is one of the playable characters; his story doesn't significantly differ from the book. He is voiced by [[Steve Staley]].<br />
<br />
'''2003: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo is present in all missions from Sam's perspective: escape from [[Osgiliath]], Shelob's Lair, Cirith Ungol and the Crack of Doom. Completing the game allows to replay those missions from Frodo's perspective.<br />
<br />
'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Frodo is a "Hero" unit of the Free People; his ability to use the Ring and turn invisible makes him ideal for scout missions.<br />
<br />
'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth]]'':'''<br />
:Unlike most other characters, Frodo and Sam make no appearance in Skirmish battles - they only appear in the storyline campaign.<br />
<br />
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''<br />
:Frodo and other Hobbits are no longer permanent units, they are now a temporary power boost available to Free People forces.<br />
<br />
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:Frodo is first met in Rivendell, preparing for departure. Later, he is found on Cerin Amroth in Lothlorien, weary from the loss of [[Gandalf]]. From [[Amon Hen]] onwards, player experiences Frodo's journey in a series of Session Plays, alternatively playing as either Frodo, Sam or [[Gollum]]. The player meets Frodo again at the [[Field of Cormallen]], he later gives a speech at [[Aragorn]] and [[Arwen]]. A Hobbit actor portrays Frodo Baggins in a Hobbit-made theater play "The Disappearance of Mad Baggins". Notably, the player is not told about Frodo's mission for a very long time, with [[Elrond]], [[Gandalf]], [[Aragorn]] and others only saying that it is "of great importance".<br />
<br />
'''2011: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'':'''<br />
:Frodo is mentioned as '''"Frodo the Ringbearer"''', one of the much honored heroes of the [[War of the Ring]], in the introduction of the game.<br>In [[The Prancing Pony]] [[Aragorn]] tells that he is waiting on a [[Hobbits|Hobbit]] with [[The One Ring|an important burden]], this refers to Frodo and the One Ring.<ref>''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'', ''Prologue''</ref><br />
:Later in the game, Frodo appears in [[Rivendell]], but interactions with him do not affect the main plot.<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Timeline of Frodo Baggins]]<br />
<br />
{{References|Notes}}<br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
| race=hobbit<br />
| house=[[Baggins Family]]<br />
| born=[[22 September]], {{TA|2968}}<br />
| died=Sailed west on [[29 September]], {{TA|3021}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
| prev=[[Bilbo Baggins]]<br />
| list=[[Ring-bearers|Ring-bearer]]<br />
| dates=[[22 September]], {{TA|3001}} - [[13 March]], {{TA|3019|n}}<br />
| next=[[Samwise Gamgee]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
| prev=[[Samwise Gamgee]]<br />
| list=[[Ring-bearers|Ring-bearer]]<br />
| dates=[[14 March|14]] - [[25 March]], {{TA|3019}}<br />
| next=[[Gollum]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}{{councilofelrond}}{{fellowship}}{{FellowshipRoute}}{{ringbearers}}{{hobbitfilms}}{{lordoftheringsfilms}}<br />
[[Category:Baggins]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:Chroniclers of Arda]]<br />
[[Category:Hobbits]]<br />
[[Category:Ring-bearers]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
<br />
[[de:Frodo Beutlin]]<br />
[[fi:Frodo Reppuli]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:hobbits:bessac:frodo_bessac]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Frodo_Baggins&diff=388416Frodo Baggins2024-03-28T08:01:02Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: /* Childhood and youth */ I know this is truth, but where exactly is it stated?</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Disambig-two|the Ring-bearer|son of [[Samwise Gamgee]]|[[Frodo Gardner]]}}<br />
{{hobbit infobox<br />
| name=Frodo Baggins<br />
| image=[[File:Jenny Dolfen - Frodo Baggins.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Frodo Baggins" by [[Jenny Dolfen]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=''[[#Other names|See below]]''<br />
| titles=<br />
| position=[[Ring-bearers|Ring-bearer]]<br />
| location=[[Brandy Hall]], [[Buckland]]<br/>[[Bag End]], [[Hobbiton]]<br/>[[Crickhollow]]<br/>[[Tol Eressëa]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Fellowship of the Ring]]<br />
| language=[[Westron]] and [[Sindarin]]<br />
| birth=[[22 September]], {{TA|2968}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=<br />
| sailedwest=[[29 September]], {{TA|3021}}<br />
| sailedfrom=[[Grey Havens]]<br />
| age=53<br />
| notablefor=Bearing the [[One Ring]] to the land of [[Mordor]], and bringing it to the [[Cracks of Doom]]<br />
| family=[[Baggins Family|Baggins]]<br />
| parentage=[[Drogo Baggins]] and [[Primula Brandybuck]]<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=Never married<br />
| children=None<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Taller than some Hobbits<ref name="Strider">{{FR|Strider}}</ref><br />
| hair=Brown<ref group="note">In the chapter "[[Strider (chapter)|Strider]]", [[Nob]] says to Frodo: "And I made a nice imitation of your head with a brown woollen mat"</ref><br />
| skin=Fairer than most Hobbits<ref name="Strider">{{FR|Strider}}</ref><br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=[[Mithril coat]], [[Elven cloaks|Elven cloak]]<br />
| weapons=[[Sting]]<br />
| steed=[[Strider (pony)|Strider]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{quote|And though all the mighty elf-friends of old, [[Hador]], and [[Húrin]], and [[Túrin]], and [[Beren]] himself were assembled together, your seat should be among them.|Elrond to Frodo Baggins in ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', "[[The Council of Elrond]]"}}<br />
<br />
'''Frodo Baggins''' was a [[Hobbits|hobbit]] of the [[Third Age]], the most famous of all Hobbits in the histories for his leading role in the [[Quest of the Ring]]. During this epic quest, he bore [[the One Ring]] to [[Mount Doom]] and there destroyed it, giving him renown like no other [[Hobbits|Halfling]] throughout [[Middle-earth]]. He is also peculiar for being, as a [[Ring-bearers|Ring-bearer]], one of the only three Hobbits to be granted passage from Middle-earth to [[Aman]], the [[Undying Lands]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
===Childhood and youth===<br />
Frodo, child of the respectable [[Drogo Baggins]] and [[Primula Brandybuck]], was born on [[22 September]] of {{TA|2968}}. After his parents died in a boating accident, Frodo went to live in [[Brandy Hall]] with his mother’s relatives, the [[Brandybucks]]. He grew up under the guardianship of the [[Master of Buckland]] [[Rorimac Brandybuck|Rorimac "Goldfather" Brandybuck]], who was his uncle{{fact}}. Frodo was caught several times stealing [[mushrooms]] from [[Farmer Maggot]], who, on the last incident, thrashed Frodo and set his three dogs to chase Frodo from [[Bamfurlong]] to [[Bucklebury Ferry]]. Frodo was terrified of them afterwards.<ref>{{FR|14}}: "''though I daresay the beasts knew their business...''"</ref><br />
<br />
Frodo stayed in Buckland until his "uncle" [[Bilbo Baggins|Bilbo]] adopted him and took him in to live in [[Bag End]], Bilbo's house in [[Hobbiton]]. He enjoyed life with Bilbo, with whom he shared the same birthday - though others often called the old hobbit "queer." Bilbo taught him to read, and told him stories of the past, even giving him some instruction in the [[elvish]] tongue. Frodo was the only one Bilbo allowed to read [[There and Back Again|his memoirs]]. Bilbo made Frodo his heir, frustrating the attempts of the disagreeable [[Sackville-Baggins Family|Sackville-Baggins]]es, who coveted the estate of Bag End.<ref name=party>{{FR|Party}}</ref><br />
<br />
The two went often out for long walks along the lanes of the [[Water-valley]] and talked about adventure; they were sometimes seen by [[Wandering Companies]] of [[Elves]], though the hobbits did not see them. When they returned home, Bilbo would tell Frodo that the Road is like a massive river, and all porches are its "springs" and all paths are its "tributaries".<ref>{{FR|Three}}</ref><br />
<br />
Frodo and Bilbo were comfortable and well off until {{TA|3001}}. At this time, Bilbo threw an enormous [[Bilbo's Farewell Party|party]] to celebrate his 111th birthday, and Frodo's 33rd, the date of Frodo's coming of age. At this party Bilbo gave his farewell speech, and made his long-planned "disappearance" and withdrawal from [[the Shire]]. Frodo, who had been informed beforehand of the "joke", as Bilbo called it, was spared the shock that afflicted the other assembled Hobbits. Frodo returned home as the new Master of Bag End, as per [[Bilbo's will]]. He was greeted there by [[Gandalf]], who informed him that, among other things, Frodo had inherited Bilbo's [[One Ring|magic ring]].<br />
<br />
===Master of Bag End===<br />
[[File:Eric Faure-Brac - Bag End.jpg|thumb|left|220px|''Bag End'' by Eric Faure-Brac]]<br />
Frodo took charge of distributing the presents Bilbo had left for the other hobbits, a long and tiring task. Then [[Gandalf]] the [[Wizards|wizard]], who had come for the festivities, warned Frodo not to use the magic ring, and to keep it secret and safe. Then he left, Frodo knew not where, with his mind full of curiosity about the ring. A suspicion was growing in the back of the Wizard's mind, but Gandalf did not yet know what it was.<br />
<br />
Frodo, meanwhile, was quite well off. He continued honouring Bilbo every year along with his own birthday. He had also inherited some strange customs from Bilbo, like wandering by himself at nights far from home in the hills and woods under the starlight. His closest friends at this time were [[Meriadoc Brandybuck|Merry]] and [[Peregrin Took|Pippin]], also [[Folco Boffin]] and [[Fredegar Bolger]], and other cousins from the family of the [[Old Took]]. Like Bilbo, Frodo continued to look robust and energetic even in his forties, and dreamed of one day seeing mountains and wilderness; he often wondered what lay beyond the borders of the Shire, and as he grew older, he would travel further and further from home. His friends were worried, and suspected that he met [[Elves]] and other strangers that had begun to be more common sights in the Shire. These strangers bore strange tales of unrest from lands far-off.<ref name=shadow>{{FR|Shadow}}</ref><br />
<br />
Still, he lived in peace and respectability for seventeen years, until Gandalf returned with the dreadful revelation that the "magic ring" was really the [[One Ring]], weapon of [[Sauron]], a thing of evil power thousands of years old. Furthermore, the Dark Lord was now aware of its survival, and would be searching for it, as [[Gollum]] had revealed - under torture - that it was to be found in the Shire. After a long discussion and a test by fire, which revealed the [[Black Speech]] written upon the ring, the two agreed that Frodo would have to leave the Shire for his own safety. [[Samwise Gamgee]], the gardener, was selected to travel with him. Gandalf recommended Rivendell as a destination, as the road was likely safe and the valley well-protected. He told Frodo to take the alias [[Mr. Underhill|Underhill]] while abroad. Frodo was reluctant, but wisely followed the wizard's advice. He bought a house in [[Crickhollow]] as an excuse to head east.<br />
<br />
Gandalf stayed for two months while Frodo worked out the details. At the end of that time the wizard left to "get some news", as rather disturbing tidings had come to his ears. He promised to be back for the farewell party. Meanwhile, Frodo was not aware that some of his closest friends were watching him - [[Fredegar Bolger|Fredegar "Fatty" Bolger]], his cousin [[Peregrin Took|Peregrin "Pippin" Took]], [[Meriadoc Brandybuck|Meriadoc "Merry" Brandybuck]], and Sam himself knew that Frodo and Gandalf were in some trouble concerning the Ring, and that Frodo was preparing for some adventure.<br />
<br />
As autumn passed, Frodo was waiting for Gandalf, but did not return and Frodo grew quite anxious. Merry and Fatty drove the cart of Frodo's belongings ahead, while Frodo still waited for Gandalf. At the last possible day, he gave up waiting and departed with Pippin and Sam.<br />
<br />
===Hobbiton to Crickhollow===<br />
[[File:Ted Nasmith - Last Sight of Hobbiton.jpg|thumb|220px|''Last Sight of Hobbiton'' by [[Ted Nasmith]]]]<br />
Less than a day into their journey, Frodo, strangely nervous, requested that the threesome hide upon the approach of a [[Nazgûl|horseman]]. The rider was dressed in black, riding upon a black horse, and making queer sniffling noises. Frodo felt the urge to put on the Ring and vanish, but just as he was about to give in, the rider departed at a trot. Samwise then remarked upon the "[[Nazgûl|Black Rider]]" that had spoken to his father, [[Gaffer Gamgee]], some time earlier. This made Frodo wish that he had waited for Gandalf.<br />
<br />
That night, they were again overtaken by a Black Horseman. This time it seemed to be able to sniff out their hiding place. But as it approached, it was driven away by the song of a group of [[Elves]]. Their leader, [[Gildor]], greeted the hobbits warmly, and lauded Frodo for his knowledge of their tongue. Frodo tried to get information from Gildor on the Black Riders, but the elf would tell him very little. Gildor foresaw that Frodo would have many dealings with the Riders in the future, and urged him to flee them whenever he met them. He and his party left the Hobbits before daybreak, while the three slept.<br />
<br />
The next day the threesome agreed to stay off the road. After a brief scare when Sam sighted a Rider, they worried about losing their way. That evening they heard a terrible wail, and Frodo distinguished words in it. Before long they came to [[Bamfurlong]], the property of [[Farmer Maggot]]. Although Pippin knew Maggot, Frodo recalled a scare he had received at a young age after caught stealing the farmer’s mushrooms, being threatened with the dogs. He froze when the dogs came forth from the house, but Maggot's hospitality soon won him over. When Maggot told of a Black Rider who had stopped at his house asking for "Baggins," and made several shrewd guesses, Frodo grew uncomfortable. Maggot took them to [[Bucklebury Ferry]] in his wagon. There they joined up with Merry. As they were ferried across into [[Buckland]], they caught sight of a dark shape on the landing from which they had come.<br />
<br />
===Crickhollow to Bree===<br />
[[File:Ted Nasmith - Under the Spell of the Barrow-wight.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Ted Nasmith]] - ''Under the Spell of the Barrow-wight'']]<br />
When they reached the house in Crickhollow, the other hobbits revealed their knowledge of the One Ring and promised to stick with Frodo on the road to [[Rivendell]]. The next morning, leaving Fatty to housesit, they passed into the [[Old Forest]]. In time they were driven by the trees down to the [[Withywindle]], where they were ensnared by [[Old Man Willow]]. Rescued by [[Tom Bombadil]], the hobbits came to his house. There they met Tom's wife, [[Goldberry]], and Frodo was moved to poetry over her loveliness. He was interested in Bombadil himself, and several times tried to learn who he was. That night he dreamed of a white-haired figure on a pinnacle of stone, borne away by an eagle.<br />
<br />
The next day Frodo tried on the Ring, after finding it had no effect on Bombadil. Not subject to the Ring’s power, Tom nevertheless could see Frodo. That night Frodo dreamed once more, a dream he never forgot.<br />
<br />
{{Blockquote|Frodo heard a sweet singing running in his mind: a song that seemed to come like a pale light behind a grey rain-curtain, and growing stronger to turn the veil all to glass and silver, until at last it was rolled back, and a far green country opened before him under a swift sunrise.|''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', "[[Fog on the Barrow-downs]]"}}<br />
<br />
After bidding Tom and Goldberry farewell, the Hobbits went on and traveled through the [[barrow-downs]]. Becoming lost in the mist, they were taken by the [[barrow-wights]], Frodo last of all. Frodo woke in the barrow to find the barrow-wight bending over his three friends. He rose and in a tremendous act of bravery and resilience took a sword and smote off the wight's hand. Then he summoned Bombadil with a [[Ho! Tom Bombadil, Tom Bombadillo!|song]] Tom had taught him. Bombadil drove the wight away and helped Frodo wake the others. Tom gave the hobbits ponies and escorted them all to the road before turning his face back toward the Withywindle. The hobbits continued along the road to Bree, where they took lodging at [[The Prancing Pony]] inn as Bombadil had recommended, with Frodo registering under the name of [[Mr. Underhill|Underhill]] as Gandalf had suggested.<br />
<br />
===Strider and Weathertop===<br />
[[File:Peter Xavier Price - Strider in The Prancing Pony.jpg|thumb|200px|''Strider in The Prancing Pony'' by [[Peter Xavier Price]]]]<br />
While Merry went out to take a walk in the night air, the other hobbits came down to the common-room and were introduced by the landlord [[Barliman Butterbur]] to the gathering, Frodo under his alias. Frodo asked if Gandalf was present in Bree, only to learn that he had not yet arrived. While Pippin and Sam enjoyed the drink and conversation, Frodo remained withdrawn, soon falling into conversation with a curious [[Rangers of the North|ranger]] called [[Aragorn|Strider]], who gave him a warning about letting his friends talk to much. Pippin began to tell about [[Bilbo's Farewell Party|Bilbo's Birthday Party]], and Frodo, at Strider’s encouragement and in an attempt to prevent the name of Baggins from being raised, began to sing ''[[The Man in the Moon Stayed Up Too Late]]''. This proved popular with the gathering, but unfortunately, as Frodo relaxed, he fell from the table and the Ring slipped on his finger, causing him to vanish.<br />
<br />
[[File:John Howe - Against the Shadow.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''Against the Shadow'' by [[John Howe]]]]<br />
Frodo crawled over to Strider's corner and slipped off the Ring, and said that he had rolled quickly to the side. The suspicious Breelanders, however, grew angry or frightened, and eventually all left the common-room. Frodo and his comrades retired to their room, where they found Strider waiting to talk to them. Strider was honest and blunt, telling what he had overheard and what he knew of them, as well as warning them of the Black Riders and traitors in Bree. He urged them to accept his aide by inviting him into the company. Frodo was leaning to believe the ranger when Butterbur broke in, giving Frodo the long-awaited letter from Gandalf, undelivered by Butterbur’s forgetfulness. After some little bit of light was shed on the situation to the innkeeper, he swore to help the hobbits in any way he could, as a friend of Gandalf and one very much afraid of Mordor. Frodo, reading the letter, learned that Gandalf recommended Strider as one to whom Frodo could go for help. After some further debate, Frodo agreed to let Strider lead them to Rivendell.<br />
<br />
Strider arranged for a deception, by moving them to a different room. The next morning, their ponies were gone and the room was ravaged. Butterbur paid for a [[Bill the Pony|replacement pony]], and the four hobbits and ranger set out into the Wilds. They passed through [[Chetwood]] and [[Midgewater Marshes]], and finally to the [[Weather Hills]] before coming up to [[Weathertop]]. Black Riders were sighted from the top of the cairn, and Strider counselled to remain where they were. Shortly after the Black Riders came, and Frodo was stricken down. In desperation he put on the Ring and saw the [[Nazgûl]] in their true forms. Frodo then tried to attack in [[Varda|Elbereth]]’s name, but their leader, the [[Witch-king]] of [[Angmar]], stabbed Frodo in the shoulder with a [[Morgul-knife]], before being driven away by Strider.<br />
<br />
===Weathertop to Rivendell===<br />
Because of a piece of the knife embedded in his shoulder, Frodo started to become ill, so his companions hurried to take him to the [[Rivendell|House of Elrond]]. After journeying for 12 days, they were found by [[Glorfindel]], one of the [[Calaquendi|High Elves]], who was sent by Elrond to help Frodo after he heard of him from Gildor. Glorfindel, seeing that Frodo was starting to fade, put him upon his horse, [[Asfaloth]], and ordered him to go on when the Ringwraiths approached. Asfaloth outran the steeds of the Nazgûl and bore Frodo across the [[Ford of Bruinen]], but Frodo, who was on the brink of becoming a [[Wraiths|wraith]], turned around at the other side and defied the Nine. The Riders, were driven into the [[Bruinen|River]] by Glorfindel, Strider and the three hobbits, where they were swept away by the ensuing waters.<ref>{{FR|Flight}}</ref> As a sign that Frodo was shifting to the [[Wraith-world]], he could see the [[Unseen]] [[Light of Valinor|luminous form]] of Glorfindel.<br />
<br />
Unconscious, Frodo was carried inside Rivendell, where Elrond removed the fragment of the knife from his shoulder. He awoke two days later, mostly recovered, and was delighted to find that Gandalf had arrived. Frodo's recovery was celebrated with a feast during which he met [[Glóin]] and asked concerning the [[Dwarves of Erebor]]. Afterwards, Elrond led his guests to the [[Hall of Fire]], where Frodo found Bilbo, whom he hadn't seen in seventeen years. Bilbo asked to see the Ring and was saddened to see Frodo's negative reaction. The two hobbits then enjoyed talking about Bilbo's [[Translations from the Elvish|works on lore]] and [[the Shire]].<ref name="Meetings">{{FR|Meetings}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Fellowship of the Ring===<br />
{{seealso|Quest of the Ring}}<br />
During the [[Council of Elrond]], it was decided that the Ring must be destroyed by casting it into the [[Cracks of Doom]]. Frodo volunteered to be the [[Ring-bearers|Ring-bearer]], and a [[Fellowship of the Ring|Fellowship]] was formed to protect him; the fellowship included Gandalf, Aragorn (Strider's real name), [[Boromir]] of [[Gondor]], [[Legolas]] of the [[Woodland Realm]], [[Gimli]] of [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]], and Frodo's friends Sam, Merry and Pippin.<ref name=council>{{FR|Council}}</ref> Before their departure, Bilbo gave Frodo his sword, [[Sting]], and his [[Mithril coat]] to protect him on the perilous journey to [[Mount Doom]] that lay ahead.<br />
<br />
On [[December 25]], the fellowship left Rivendell, and headed south along the west side of the [[Misty Mountains]]. They attempted to cross them by the Redhorn gate, but were thwarted by a fierce blizzard <ref>{{FR|II3}}</ref> and had to go back. After surviving a [[Wargs|Warg]] attack, Gandalf persuaded the company to go through the abandoned [[Dwarves|Dwarf]] kingdom of [[Moria]]. Just before entering Moria, Frodo was attacked by the [[Watcher in the Water]] and barely escaped. During the journey through Moria, Frodo began to suspect that something was tracking them. Later, inside the [[chamber of Mazarbul]], the Fellowship was attacked by [[Orcs]], and Frodo was struck by an Orc spear but was saved by the mithril coat he wore. The company escaped the chamber, and were close to exiting Moria, when [[Durin's Bane]] appeared and pursued them to the [[bridge of Khazad-dûm]] where Gandalf held him off so the rest of the Fellowship could escape. After breaking the bridge, both he and the [[Balrogs|Balrog]] fell and disappeared into the chasm below, after which Aragorn took over as leader.<ref>{{FR|Bridge}}</ref><br />
[[File:Alan Lee - The Mirror of Galadriel.jpg|thumb|''The Mirror of Galadriel'' by [[Alan Lee]]]]<br />
Eventually they reached [[Lothlórien]], and were housed by the elves at [[Caras Galadhon]]. During their rest there, [[Galadriel]] allowed Frodo and Sam to look into the [[Mirror of Galadriel]], in which they saw many things.<ref>{{FR|Mirror}}</ref> When leaving the Woods, Galadriel gave Frodo a [[Phial of Galadriel|vial]] with light from the [[Silmaril]] of [[Eärendil]].<ref>{{FR|Farewell}}</ref><br />
<br />
They travelled down the [[Anduin]] river in boats given to them by the elves. On their trip down the river, Frodo confirmed his suspicion that they were being trailed by Gollum. At [[Amon Hen]], the Ring's corrupting power caused Boromir to try to take the Ring from Frodo, who escaped by putting it on. Seeing the corrupting influence of the ring on Boromir, he then decided to leave the Fellowship and go on alone, but he was thwarted in this when Sam discovered him attempting to cross the [[Nen Hithoel]], and insisted on accompanying him.<br />
<br />
===Emyn Muil to Ithilien=== <br />
The two companions reached [[Amon Lhaw]] and toiled through the [[Emyn Muil]]. Soon after, they found Gollum following them, and they captured him with the [[Elven rope]]. <br />
[[Image:Ted Nasmith - Through the Marshes.jpg|thumb|left|''Through the Marshes'' by [[Ted Nasmith]]]]<br />
Frodo decided to trust Gollum to be their guide. He led the Hobbits out of the Emyn Muil and through the [[Dead Marshes]]. During their route, they were delayed several times by a [[Nazgûl]] flying on a [[Fell beasts|fell beast]]. The Hobbits reached [[Carchost]], the western [[Towers of the Teeth|Tower of the Teeth]], where Frodo had intended to enter Mordor, but Gollum persuaded Frodo to follow him to a safer entrance, the pass of [[Cirith Ungol]]. During the next night's march they passed into [[North Ithilien]], and by daylight of [[March 7]] they reached the stream of [[Henneth Annûn]].<br />
<br />
Their camp fire attracted the [[Rangers of Ithilien]], and their leader, [[Faramir]] (Boromir's brother), considered them spies and questioned Frodo concerning their errand, who recounted the journeys of the Fellowship, but said nothing about the Ring. Faramir informed Frodo of Boromir's death, implying Frodo's involvement. Faramir blindfolded the Hobbits and led them to Henneth Annûn, a secret Gondorian outpost, and questioned them further in private. After a meal, Sam accidentally revealed that Frodo had the Ring, but Faramir denied its lure, and thus gained the trust of the hobbits.<br />
<br />
During the night, Faramir called Frodo and Sam to him, and showed them Gollum, who had found his way to Henneth Annûn, and (ignorant of their presence) was hunting for [[Fish|fish]]. Faramir, suspecting that Frodo had lied about Gollum's involvement in their quest, threatened to kill him for fear that he might reveal the location of their outpost to the enemy. Frodo confessed to the part of Gollum in their errand, and begged Faramir not to slay him. Gollum was caught and questioned and then surrendered to Frodo. The following morning Faramir released the three travellers, warning them strongly against taking the pass of Cirith Ungol.<br />
<br />
===Entering Mordor===<br />
[[File:John Howe - Shelob About to Leap on Frodo.jpg|thumb|left|''Shelob About to Leap on Frodo'' by [[John Howe]]]]<br />
After two marches they came to the valley of the [[Morgulduin]] and continued east. On the "[[Dawnless Day]]" Gollum lead them east to the [[Southward Road]] and reached the [[Cross-roads]] just as the sun was setting.<ref>{{TT|Journey}}</ref> They reached just opposite the north-facing gate of [[Minas Morgul]] and they saw the Morgul-host march forth.<br />
<br />
In that night they ascended the [[Straight Stair]] and reached the top of the [[Winding Stair]] at dawn of [[March 11]] where they were woken by Gollum. He led the up the to the entrance to [[Shelob's Lair]]. Inside the tunnel Gollum betrayed Frodo and Sam to [[Shelob]] the [[Spiders|spider]], who stung Frodo after he left the tunnel. Sam saved Frodo from being eaten by Shelob, but thought him dead and took the Ring from him, resolving to continue the Quest alone. However Frodo (who was still alive) was captured by Orcs and taken to the [[Tower of Cirith Ungol]].<br />
<br />
===Cirith Ungol to Mount Doom===<br />
[[File:John Howe - Mount Doom II.jpg|thumb|right|250px|''Mount Doom'' by [[John Howe]] ]]<br />
Learning of this, Sam rescued Frodo and on early [[March 15]] the Hobbits escaped and jumped into the ravine west of the [[Morgai]] and crossed the valley. The next day they attempted to climb the Morgai, but had to retrace their steps and reached the north end of the valley, and on [[March 18]] they set out on the road that ran to the [[Carach Angren|Isenmouthe]]. There they were overtaken by an Orc troop and had to follow their trot.<br />
<br />
As Sauron's troops moved at night, the hobbits continued their journey in daytime towards Mount Doom. During the morning of [[March 25]] they reached the [[Cracks of Doom|Crack of Doom]] where, at the last moment, Frodo, under the influence of the Ring, claimed it as his own. However, at that moment he was attacked by [[Gollum]], who seized the Ring and then fell into the fire with it, thus destroying the Ring.<br />
<br />
By then, this pressure of the ring reached its maximum, which was impossible, "especially after long possession, months of increasing torment, and when starved and exhausted." Frodo had done what he could, and by then he was simply incapable of making a conscious decision to destroy the Ring.<ref>{{L|246}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Return home===<br />
Frodo and Sam were rescued by [[Gwaihir]], [[Landroval]] and [[Meneldor]] and taken to [[Ithilien]]. After being healed and having rested for a month, the Ring-bearers were honoured on the [[Field of Cormallen]]. The following months the Hobbits witnessed the coronation of their companion Aragorn as King Elessar, and were present at his marriage to [[Arwen]] that summer. Arwen renounced her [[immortality]] and gave to Frodo her place to sail into the [[Uttermost West|West]]. She also gave to Frodo a white gem on a silver necklace that she claims would aid him when he remembers the fear and darkness of the toll the ring took on him.<ref>{{RK|Partings}}</ref><br />
<br />
Frodo and his company left Minas Tirith on [[July 19]] for [[Edoras]] and the funeral of King [[Théoden]], then set out for the [[Hornburg]] and eventually [[Isengard]]. They parted there from Legolas, Gimli, and Aragorn.<br />
<br />
After overtaking Saruman and [[Gríma|Wormtongue]], they reached the [[Mountains of Moria]]; and when they approached [[Lothlórien]], [[Celeborn]] and Galadriel parted from their company. The hobbits, with Gandalf and other Elves, reached Rivendell on [[September 21]], where Frodo met Bilbo once again.<br />
<br />
They stayed there until [[October 5]] and eventually visited the ''Prancing Pony'' in Bree before reaching the Shire. At the Buckland Gate Gandalf left them to go and have a talk with Tom Bombadil. Once in the Shire, they reached [[Frogmorton]] where they were arrested. The next day they reached [[Bywater]] where they defeated the [[ruffians]] who had overtaken their land. The leader of the ruffians was revealed to be Saruman, and Frodo decided to let him live, even after he had tried to stab him with a knife. But Saruman did not live much longer, for his servant, Wormtongue, killed him himself (before being killed by the hobbits), thus ending the [[War of the Ring]].<br />
<br />
===Later years===<br />
[[File:Francesco Amadio - Grey Havens.jpg|thumb|220px|''Grey Havens'' by [[:Category:Images by Francesco Amadio|Francesco Amadio]]]]<br />
Over the next two years, the travellers reordered the Shire and their lives; but Frodo was still troubled by his wounds, falling ill every [[13 March]] and [[6 October]], clutching the white gem in a manner reminiscent of the One Ring. Frodo served as [[Mayor of Michel Delving]] until [[Will Whitfoot]] was restored in {{SR|1420}}.<ref name=chief>{{App|Chief}}</ref> Having no family of his own, Frodo left his estate ([[Bag End]]) and passed on the [[Red Book of Westmarch|Red Book]] to Samwise Gamgee, who named [[Frodo Gardner|his son]] after Frodo.<br />
<br />
On [[September 21]] of {{TA|3021}} Frodo set out for the [[Grey Havens]]. Going south to Woody End he met the [[Last Riding of the Keepers]], Elrond, Galadriel, and Bilbo. On [[September 29]] they came to the firth of [[Lhûn]] where Gandalf awaited them, and on the [[White Ship]]<ref name=chief/> they crossed the [[Straight Road]] into the West. Frodo would spend the rest of his days in "''a period of reflection and peace''" on [[Tol Eressëa]], giving him the opportunity to truly understand his position in [[Arda]] before passing beyond the [[Circles of the World]].<ref>{{L|246}}: "''a gaining of a truer understanding of his position...''"</ref><br />
<br />
==Legacy==<br />
According to [[Elanor Gardner]], Sam followed Frodo across the sea on September 22nd, 1482 following the death of his wife [[Rose Cotton|Rose (née Cotton)]].<ref>{{App|B5}}: "''Among them the tradition is handed down from Elanor...''"</ref><br />
<br />
At some point well into the [[Fourth Age]], the words "''Frodos Dreme''" appeared scrawled at the head of a poem, [[The Sea-Bell]], within the Red Book, possibly derived from the nightmares that Frodo had before passing into the West.<ref>{{AB|Preface}}: "''It is the latest piece and belongs to the Fourth Age...''"</ref><br />
<br />
==Characteristics==<br />
The only real description of Frodo's appearance was given only once by Gandalf in his letter to Barliman Butterbur, in which he was declared a "stout fellow with red cheeks, taller than some (hobbits), and fairer than most", with a cleft chin, a bright eye, and a perky personality.<ref name="Strider"/> Although Frodo was apparently fairly stout before his journey, he seemed to have lost a significant amount of weight on his trip from Hobbiton to Rivendell.<ref name="Meetings"/> Also, at a later point, Sam remarked that Frodo was "too thin and drawn" for a hobbit.<ref>{{TT|Herbs}}</ref><br />
<br />
Frodo carried a small Elven sword called [[Sting]] and wore a coat of Dwarven mail made of ''[[mithril]]'' under his clothes, both given to him by Bilbo. In [[Lothlórien]], [[Galadriel]] gave him an [[Elven cloaks|Elven cloak]] that helped him blend in with his natural surroundings and a phial carrying the light of the [[Star of Eärendil]] to aid him on his quest.<br />
<br />
Before Frodo returned to the Shire after the Quest of the Ring was completed, Arwen Evenstar, wife of Aragorn and daughter of Elrond, gave Frodo a white gem on a silver necklace to wear around his neck.<br />
<br />
Frodo is said to have shown great "skill with foreign sounds" and probably could pronounce [[Elvish]] correctly, more than other Hobbits (who pronounced long Elvish vowels as diphthongs).<ref>{{App|Vowels}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
The name ''Frodo Baggins'' is an English translation of his [[Westron]] name '''[[Maura]] [[Baggins Family|Labingi]]'''. The name ''Maura'' has the element ''maur-'' (wise, experienced), which Tolkien equated to the Germanic element ''frod-'' of the same meaning. Frodo's name in [[Sindarin]] was '''''[[Iorhael]]''''' ("old-wise") although in some instance he is mentioned as '''Daur''' (probably [[lenition|lenited]] form of ''[[taur]]'').<br />
<br />
In the German translation he is called ''Frodo Beutlin'', in Spanish, ''Frodo Bolsón'', in French, ''Frodon Sacquet'', or ''Frodo Bessac'' (in the latest translation of the books), in Norwegian, ''Frodo Lommelun'', in Danish, ''Frodo Sækker'', in Faroese, ''Fróði Pjøkin'', in Finnish, ''Frodo Reppuli'', in Swedish, ''Frodo Secker'', in Portuguese, ''Frodo Bolseiro'', in Czech, ''Frodo Pytlík,'' and in Dutch, ''Frodo Balings''. In one of three Polish translations he is called ''Frodo Bagosz'', but he keeps his original name in the other two.<br />
<br />
===Other names===<br />
* Frodo Baggins - ''fród'' means "wise by experience" in [[Old English]]. Baggins may have been a reference to [[Bag End]] or may come from "bagging" which means "eating between meals" in northern England.<br />
* [[Maura]] [[Baggins Family|Labingi]] - the [[Hobbitish]] name for Frodo.<br />
* [[Ring-bearers|Ring-bearer]] - he bore the [[One Ring]] to [[Mount Doom]].<br />
* [[Elf-friends|Elf-friend]] - given to him by [[Gildor|Gildor Inglorion]].<br />
* [[Mr. Underhill]] - used during his stay in [[The Prancing Pony]] to conceal his identity.<br />
* [[The Halfling]] - a name used for him from [[Boromir]]'s dream.<br />
* [[Master]] - given to Frodo by both [[Samwise Gamgee]] as Sam was his gardener, and [[Gollum]], as Frodo was the Master of the Precious.<br />
* Nine-fingered Frodo\Frodo of the Nine Fingers - given to Frodo after Gollum bit off his finger.<br />
* Deputy Mayor of [[Michel Delving]] - he was the Deputy from November {{TA|3019|n}} through Mid-Year's Day in {{TA|3020|n}}.<br />
* [[Taur|Daur]] - which translates to "noble" and was given to Frodo at the [[Field of Cormallen]].<br />
* [[Iorhael]] - the [[Sindarin]] name for Frodo which comes from ''[[iaur]]'' meaning "old" and ''[[sael]]'' meaning "wise".<br />
<br />
* [[Bingo Baggins]] - Frodo's name in the early drafts of ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''.<br />
* ''Bronwe athan Harthad'' - name given to Frodo by Gandalf in an early version of the ''[[Many Partings]]'' chapter, meaning "Endurance beyond Hope".<ref>{{SD|VII}}: "''the bards and the minstrels should give them new names...''"</ref><br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| | |BAL|y|BER| |BAL=[[Balbo Baggins]]|BER=[[Berylla Baggins|Berylla Boffin]]}}<br />
{{familytree| |,|-|-|-|^|-|.| |}}<br />
{{familytree|MUN| | | |LAR|y|TAN|MUN=[[Mungo Baggins]]<br />(grandfather of Bilbo)|LAR=[[Largo Baggins]]|TAN=[[Tanta Hornblower]]}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | |,|-|-|-|v|^|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | |DOR| |DRO|y|PRI| |DUD|DOR=[[Dora Baggins]]|DRO=[[Drogo Baggins]]|PRI=[[Primula Brandybuck]]|DUD=[[Dudo Baggins]]}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!|}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | |FRO| | | |DAI|~|GRI|FRO='''Frodo Baggins'''|DAI=[[Daisy Baggins]]|GRI=[[Griffo Boffin]]}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Frodo Baggins in adaptations<br />
|width=170<br />
|height=170<br />
|lines=3<br />
|File:Frodo.png|Frodo in [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]<br />
|File:Frodo Rankin Bass.png|Frodo in [[The Return of the King (1980 film)|''The Return of the King'' (1980 film)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings - The Return of the King - Frodo at the Grey Havens.png|Frodo in [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings - The Fellowship of the Ring (video game) - Frodo Baggins and the One Ring.JPG|Frodo in [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Frodo Baggins.jpg|''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
|File:Lego LOTR logo.png|Frodo as a ''[[Lego]]'' minifigure<br />
}}<br />
===Films===<br />
'''1978: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo was voiced by [[Christopher Guard]]. [[Sharon Baird]] was the model for Frodo in the live-action recordings Bakshi used for rotoscoping.<br />
<br />
'''1980: [[The Return of the King (1980 film)|''The Return of the King'' (1980 film)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo was voiced by [[Orson Bean]], who had previously played Bilbo in [[The Hobbit (1977 film)|''The Hobbit'' (1977 film)]].<br />
<br />
'''2001-03: [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo is played by [[Elijah Wood]]. <br />
<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
:[[Elijah Wood]] reprises his role as Frodo Baggins.<ref name="PJCasting">{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150168211921558|articlename=Production begins in New Zealand on The Hobbit|dated=20-March-2011|website=[http://www.facebook.com/ Facebook]|accessed=23-Dec-2011}}</ref> He has a conversation with Bilbo on the day of his 111th Birthday, before setting off to the woods to wait for Gandalf.<br />
<br />
===Television===<br />
'''1993: [[Hobitit|''Hobitit'']]:'''<br />
:Frodo was played by Taneli Mäkelä.<br />
<br />
===Radio series===<br />
'''1955: [[The Lord of the Rings (1955 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1955 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:[[Oliver Burt]] provided the voice of Frodo.<br />
<br />
'''1979: [[The Lord of the Rings (1979 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1979 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:The voice of Frodo is provided by [[James Arrington]]. <br />
<br />
'''1981: [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo is voiced by [[Ian Holm]].<br />
<br />
'''1992: [[Der Herr der Ringe (1992 German radio series)|''Der Herr der Ringe'' (1992 German radio series)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo is played by Matthias Haase.<br />
<br />
'''1992: [[Tales from the Perilous Realm (1992 radio series)|''Tales from the Perilous Realm'' (1992 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:In two episodes telling of the meeting of Frodo and [[Tom Bombadil]], [[Nigel Planer]] provided the voice of Frodo.<br />
<br />
'''2001-2003: [[Pán prsteňov (2001-2003 Slovak radio series)|''Pán prsteňov'' (2001-2003 Slovak radio series)]]:'''<br />
:In the first of the three series (seasons), based on ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', the voice of Frodo is provided by Dušan Cinkota. Cinkota was unable to reprise his role after the first series, and the role of Frodo was recast with Ľuboš Kostelný for the second and third series (based on ''[[The Two Towers]]'' and ''[[The Return of the King]]'').<br />
<br />
===Games===<br />
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo is one of the playable characters; his story doesn't significantly differ from the book. He is voiced by [[Steve Staley]].<br />
<br />
'''2003: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:Frodo is present in all missions from Sam's perspective: escape from [[Osgiliath]], Shelob's Lair, Cirith Ungol and the Crack of Doom. Completing the game allows to replay those missions from Frodo's perspective.<br />
<br />
'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Frodo is a "Hero" unit of the Free People; his ability to use the Ring and turn invisible makes him ideal for scout missions.<br />
<br />
'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth]]'':'''<br />
:Unlike most other characters, Frodo and Sam make no appearance in Skirmish battles - they only appear in the storyline campaign.<br />
<br />
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''<br />
:Frodo and other Hobbits are no longer permanent units, they are now a temporary power boost available to Free People forces.<br />
<br />
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:Frodo is first met in Rivendell, preparing for departure. Later, he is found on Cerin Amroth in Lothlorien, weary from the loss of [[Gandalf]]. From [[Amon Hen]] onwards, player experiences Frodo's journey in a series of Session Plays, alternatively playing as either Frodo, Sam or [[Gollum]]. The player meets Frodo again at the [[Field of Cormallen]], he later gives a speech at [[Aragorn]] and [[Arwen]]. A Hobbit actor portrays Frodo Baggins in a Hobbit-made theater play "The Disappearance of Mad Baggins". Notably, the player is not told about Frodo's mission for a very long time, with [[Elrond]], [[Gandalf]], [[Aragorn]] and others only saying that it is "of great importance".<br />
<br />
'''2011: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'':'''<br />
:Frodo is mentioned as '''"Frodo the Ringbearer"''', one of the much honored heroes of the [[War of the Ring]], in the introduction of the game.<br>In [[The Prancing Pony]] [[Aragorn]] tells that he is waiting on a [[Hobbits|Hobbit]] with [[The One Ring|an important burden]], this refers to Frodo and the One Ring.<ref>''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'', ''Prologue''</ref><br />
:Later in the game, Frodo appears in [[Rivendell]], but interactions with him do not affect the main plot.<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Timeline of Frodo Baggins]]<br />
<br />
{{References|Notes}}<br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
| race=hobbit<br />
| house=[[Baggins Family]]<br />
| born=[[22 September]], {{TA|2968}}<br />
| died=Sailed west on [[29 September]], {{TA|3021}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
| prev=[[Bilbo Baggins]]<br />
| list=[[Ring-bearers|Ring-bearer]]<br />
| dates=[[22 September]], {{TA|3001}} - [[13 March]], {{TA|3019|n}}<br />
| next=[[Samwise Gamgee]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
| prev=[[Samwise Gamgee]]<br />
| list=[[Ring-bearers|Ring-bearer]]<br />
| dates=[[14 March|14]] - [[25 March]], {{TA|3019}}<br />
| next=[[Gollum]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}{{councilofelrond}}{{fellowship}}{{FellowshipRoute}}{{ringbearers}}{{hobbitfilms}}{{lordoftheringsfilms}}<br />
[[Category:Baggins]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:Chroniclers of Arda]]<br />
[[Category:Hobbits]]<br />
[[Category:Ring-bearers]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
<br />
[[de:Frodo Beutlin]]<br />
[[fi:Frodo Reppuli]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:hobbits:bessac:frodo_bessac]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Vanyar&diff=388338Vanyar2024-03-25T10:48:29Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: /* Characteristics */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{people infobox<br />
| name=Vanyar<br />
| image=[[File:Marya Filatova - Indis of the Vanyar.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Indis of the Vanyar" by [[Marya Filatova]]<br />
| pronun=[[Quenya|Q]]. {{IPA|[ˈvaɲar]}}<br />
| othernames=''Minyar'' ([[Quenya|Q]]), ''Minil'' ([[Sindarin|S]]), ''Vaniai'' ([[Telerin|T]]), Light-elves, Fair-elves<br />
| origin=<br />
| location=[[Oiolossë]]; [[Valimar]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Host of the Valar]]<br />
| rivalry=<br />
| language=[[Quenya]] ([[Vanyarin]] dialect)<br />
| members=[[Imin]], [[Iminyë]], [[Ingwë]], [[Indis]], [[Elemmírë (Elf)|Elemmírë]], [[Amarië]], and others<br />
| lifespan=[[Immortal]]<br />
| distinctions=Most revered of the [[Three Kindreds]], loved by [[Manwë]]<br />
| height=Tall<br />
| hair=Golden<br />
| skin=Pale<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
}}<br />
{{quote|The smallest host and the first to set forth was led by [[Ingwë]], the most high lord of all the Elvish race. He entered into [[Valinor]] and sits at the feet of the Powers, and all Elves revere his name; but he came never back, nor looked again upon Middle-earth. The Vanyar were his people; they are the Fair Elves, the beloved of [[Manwë]] and [[Varda]], and few among Men have spoken with them.|''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "[[Of the Coming of the Elves and the Captivity of Melkor]]"}}<br />
The '''Vanyar''' are one of the three groups of [[Calaquendi|High Elves]], along with the [[Noldor]], and some of the [[Teleri]] (more specifically, the [[Falmari]]). They are the fairest of the [[Amanyar]].<br />
<br />
== History==<br />
According to legend, the clan was founded by [[Imin]], the first [[Elves|Elf]] to awake in [[Cuiviénen]], his wife [[Iminyë]], and their twelve companions. At this time, they were called the '''Minyar''' (Quenya "first ones"). <br />
<br />
However, it was [[Ingwë]], the first Vanya to travel with [[Oromë]] to [[Valinor]], who became their king. Always eager to reach Valinor, none of the Vanyar [[Avari|refused to go]] and were on the vanguard of the [[Great March]]; they reached [[Beleriand]] first and sailed on the first voyage of [[Tol Eressëa]] with the [[Noldor]].<ref name=s3/> <br />
<br />
At first the Vanyar dwelt in [[Tirion]] with the [[Noldor]], but they loved the light of the [[Two Trees of Valinor]] and settled in the plains and woods of [[Valinor]] or the slopes of [[Taniquetil]].<ref name=princes/> Their King Ingwë became the ''[[High King of the Elves]]'' and lived on Taniquetil beneath the halls of [[Manwë]].<ref name=princes>{{S|Princes}}</ref><br />
<br />
After the release of [[Melkor]], they were suspicious of him, being content within the [[Light of Valinor]].<ref>{{S|6}}</ref> In the [[Darkening of Valinor]] they were next to the [[Valar]] and [[Maiar]] inside the [[Ring of Doom]].<ref>{{S|8}}</ref><br />
<br />
A notable Vanya was [[Indis]], the second wife of [[Finwë]] and mother of [[Fingolfin]] and [[Finarfin]]. Her second son Finarfin inherited her golden hair and passed it on to his children, including [[Galadriel]]. Nearly all full-blooded Vanyar were content to remain in Valinor and few were ever seen in [[Middle-earth]],<ref name=s3>{{S|3}}</ref> as they only returned with the [[Host of Valinor]] for the [[War of Wrath]].<ref name=war>{{S|24}}</ref> The only named full Vanya known to have left Valinor against the will of the Valar was [[Elenwë]], the wife of [[Turgon]], who perished crossing the [[Helcaraxë]] and never reached the shores of Middle-earth.<ref>{{S|9}}</ref> Her daughter [[Idril]], who survived the crossing, had the greatest share of Vanyarin blood of any named Exile, being five-eighths Vanyar.<br />
<br />
== Characteristics ==<br />
The Vanyar were the first and smallest clan of the Elves, being only fourteen in number in their beginning.<ref>{{WJ|Quendi}} p. 381</ref> All among them had golden hair. They were the most beloved by [[Manwë]] and [[Varda]]<ref name=s3/><ref name=princes/> and the Elder King gave them his gift of poetry and song.<ref>{{S|IIb}}</ref><br />
<br />
In the [[War of Wrath]] they held white banners<ref name=war/> and it is said they preferred spears instead of swords and bows.<ref name=spear/><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
The name ''Vanyar'' means "the Fair" in [[Quenya]], referring to their golden hair. It seems to be from a [[primitive Elvish]] form ''[[bányâ]]''<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, p. 351</ref><ref>{{HM|PM}}, p. 402</ref> (stem [[BAN]]) but also from ''[[wanjâ]]'' (stem [[WAN]])<ref>{{HM|WJ}}, p. 383</ref>. The Telerin cognate is '''''Vaniai'''''.<ref name=Quendi /> <br />
<br />
The name was probably given to them by the Noldor, who loved gold and thus thought their hair to be a beautiful feature. The term probably originated around the time of the Sundering, if somewhat later. The Vanyar accepted it, but continued to refer to themselves as ''Minyar''.<ref name=clan>{{WJ|C}</ref>{{rp|503-6}}<br />
<br />
==Other names==<br />
The Vanyar called themselves '''''Minyar''''', "the Firsts", their ancient name. Another name was '''''Ingar''''' or '''''Ingwer''''' which means "Chieftains" (etymologically related to the name [[Ingwë]]). {{fact}}<br />
<br />
In [[Sindarin]] they were called '''''[[Miniel|Minil]]''''' (singular ''Miniel'').<ref name=Quendi>{{WJ|Quendi}}, p. 383</ref><br />
<br />
The Vanyar were also known under the name "'''Fair-elves'''",<ref name="s3" /> from the fair colour of their hair.<ref>{{S|Index}}, ''Vanyar''</ref> They were also known as the "'''Light-elves'''".<ref>{{H|Flies}}</ref> <br />
<br />
In an early form of the Legendarium, they are also called the "Spear-elves" for their love of spears, as opposed to the sword and shield of the Noldor and the bow and arrow of the [[Solosimpi]].<ref name=spear>{{LR|Quenta}}, p. 215 footnote to §29</ref><br />
<br />
== Other versions of the legendarium ==<br />
In the earliest versions of [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien's]] [[Legendarium]] (see: ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]''), the first clan was called '''''Teleri''''' and '''''Lindar''''', names that later were given to the third clan instead (the Elves known as [[Teleri]] in the published version of ''[[The Silmarillion]]'' were called ''[[Solosimpi]]'' back then).<br />
<br />
In the [[The Lhammas|''Lhammas'']] (1930s), ''Ingwi'' was a name for an early conception of the Lindar; this name reappeared only once, years later, in the late manuscript ''[[The Shibboleth of Fëanor]]'' (ca. 1968), as [[Christopher Tolkien]] notes.<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, pp. 332, 356 (note 3)</ref><br />
<br />
{{elves}}<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Elven peoples]]<br />
[[Category:Quenya demonyms]]<br />
[[Category:Vanyar| ]]<br />
[[de:Vanyar]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/peuples/elfes/vanyar]]<br />
[[fi:Vanyar]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Sunless_Year&diff=388334Sunless Year2024-03-25T10:27:39Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: Redirected page to Darkening of Valinor#Long Night</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT [[Darkening of Valinor#Long Night]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:First Age]]<br />
[[Category:Periods]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Y%C3%A9n&diff=387665Yén2024-03-16T09:20:20Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''''Yén''''' (plural '''''yéni'''''<ref>{{RGEO|Namarie}}, line 2</ref>) is [[Quenya]] for "long year" or "great year",<ref name=PE17>{{PE|17}}, p. 62 (forms ''yén'', ''yéni'', and ''yēn'')</ref> and was a unit of time used by the [[Elves]] of [[Middle-earth]] after the first rising of the [[Sun]].{{fact}} Compare with a [[Valian Years|Valian Year]], the unit of time used in [[Valinor]].<br />
<br />
:1 ''yén'' = 144 solar years = 52,596 days<ref name=PE17/><ref>{{App|Calendars}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] used Valian Years to measure the passing of time in the [[Elder Days]] as recorded in the ''[[The Annals of Aman|Annals of Aman]]'', but such a Valian Years equals 9.582 solar years = 3500 days (in older versions, the [[The Lost Road and Other Writings|''Annals of Valinor'']], it equals 10 solar years).<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
{{title|lowercase}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Yen}}<br />
[[Category:Calendars]]<br />
[[Category:Quenya nouns]]<br />
[[fi:Yén]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Y%C3%A9non%C3%B3ti%C3%AB&diff=387664Yénonótië2024-03-16T09:18:20Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
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<div>The '''''Yénonótië''''' was a great work by the [[Lambengolmor|Loremaster]] [[Quennar]] in which he explained the chronology of the [[Valar]]. It included discussions on the lengths of [[Valian Years]], the ages of the Valar, and the [[Years of the Sun]] of the [[First Age]]. Some of the material in the ''Yénonótië'' was later quoted by [[Pengolodh]] in his enlargement of the ''[[The Annals of Aman|Annals of Aman]]''.<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
''Yénonótië'' means "Reckoning of Years" in [[Quenya]] (from the words ''[[yén]]'' '[[Valian year|long year]]' and ''onótië'', 'reckoning').<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Yenonotie}}<br />
[[Category:Quenya nouns]]<br />
[[Category:Books and documents within the legendarium]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Y%C3%A9non%C3%B3ti%C3%AB&diff=387663Yénonótië2024-03-16T09:17:56Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>The '''''Yénonótië''''' was a great work by the [[Lambengolmor|Loremaster]] [[Quennar]] in which he explained the chronology of the [[Valar]]. It included discussions on the lengths of [[Valian Years]], the ages of the Valar, and the [[Years of the Sun]]. Some of the material in the ''Yénonótië'' was later quoted by [[Pengolodh]] in his enlargement of the ''[[The Annals of Aman|Annals of Aman]]''.<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
''Yénonótië'' means "Reckoning of Years" in [[Quenya]] (from the words ''[[yén]]'' '[[Valian year|long year]]' and ''onótië'', 'reckoning').<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Yenonotie}}<br />
[[Category:Quenya nouns]]<br />
[[Category:Books and documents within the legendarium]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Oathbreakers&diff=387587Oathbreakers2024-03-14T08:27:35Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
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<div>{{cleanup}}<br />
{{people infobox<br />
| name=Oathbreakers<br />
| image=[[File:Ted Nasmith - The King of the Oathbreakers.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="The King of the Oathbreakers" by [[Ted Nasmith]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=Men of the Mountains, Dead Men of Dunharrow, Sleepless Dead, Grey Host, Shadow Host, Shadow-men, [[Shadow|Shadows]], the Dead, forgotten people<br />
| origin=[[Pre-Númenóreans|Pre-Númenórean]] people<br />
| location=[[Paths of the Dead]], [[Dwimorberg]], [[White Mountains]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Gondorians]]<br />
| rivalry=<br />
| language=[[Westron]]<br />
| members=[[King of the Dead]]<br />
| lifespan=<br />
| distinctions=<br />
| height=<br />
| hair=<br />
| skin=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
}}<br />
<br />
The '''Oathbreakers''', also known as the '''Dead Men of Dunharrow''', were a [[Pre-Númenóreans|Pre-Númenórean]] people, originally settling in the [[White Mountains]] who were cursed by [[Isildur]] to not find rest until they fulfilled their oath of allegiance to Isildur and to fight against [[Sauron]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
They were originally known by the [[Númenóreans]] as the '''Men of the Mountains'''.<ref name=Company>{{RK|Company}}, p. 782</ref> They were a [[Pre-Númenóreans|Pre-Númenórean]] people that lived in the [[White Mountains]] during the [[Second Age]] and were related to the [[Dunlendings]]<ref name=Men>{{App|Men}}, p. 1129</ref> and to the [[House of Haleth|folk of Haleth]]<ref>{{PM|Atani}}</ref>. They had worshipped [[Sauron]] in the [[Dark Years]] before the foundation of [[Gondor]].<ref name=Company/><br />
<br />
After Gondor was founded in the last years of the [[Second Age]], [[King of the Dead|their King]] swore allegiance to [[Isildur]] at the Stone of Erech on the Hill of [[Erech]]. When Sauron returned and grew in might, Isildur commanded the Men of the Mountains to fulfil their oath and fight beside Isildur against their ancient master, they broke their oath and refused to join the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men|Last Alliance]]. As a reaction Isildur cursed them to remain without rest until their oath was fulfilled and foretold them that the war against Sauron would last for years uncounted and that they would be summoned again before the end. The Men of the Mountains fled from the wrath of Isildur and hid in secret places in the mountains, had no contact with other men and slowly dwindled. Afterwards the wraiths of the Sleepless Dead spread terror around the Hill of Erech and all places where the Men of the Mountains had lingered.<ref name=Company/><br />
<br />
The Dead Men haunted the [[Paths of the Dead|caverns]] beneath the [[Dwimorberg]] and their [[wraiths]] appeared in the valley of [[Harrowdale]] that lay in the mountain's shadow in times of trouble and coming death and caused the local people to lock themselves in their houses in fear.<ref>{{RK|Muster}}, p. 797</ref> The wraiths of the dead also filled the population near the hill of Erech with fear, who knew that the host of the wraiths was led by the [[King of the Dead]].<ref name=Dead>{{RK|Company}}, p. 789</ref><br />
[[File:Angelo Montanini - Plague of Wights.jpg|thumb|left|[[Angelo Montanini]] - ''Plague of Wights'']]<br />
During the [[War of the Ring]], Isildur's Heir, [[Aragorn]], commanded the Dead to let him and his company pass and to come to the Stone of Erech when he encountered them in the Paths of the Dead. The Dead followed him through the Paths of the Dead and the [[Blackroot Vale]] south of the White Mountains to the Stone of Erech. There Aragorn commanded the Oathbreakers to follow him to [[Pelargir]] and announced that he would hold the oath fulfilled when all the servants of Sauron have been removed from this land.<ref>{{RK|Company}}, pp. 787-789</ref> The Dead fulfilled their oath and drove away the allies of Sauron through fear at the fords over the river [[Gilrain]] at [[Linhir]] and at [[Pelargir]]. In return for their aid, at the shore of the river [[Anduin]] at Pelargir, Aragorn held their oath as fulfilled, commanded them to never again trouble the valleys, to depart and to be at rest.<ref>{{RK|Debate}}, pp. 874-876</ref><br />
<br />
==Other names==<br />
Before breaking their oath, these men were known simply as the '''Men of the Mountains'''.<ref name=Company/> Afterwards, they were referred to as the '''Dead Men of Dunharrow''',<ref name=Men/> the '''Sleepless Dead'''<ref name=Company/> or just the '''Dead''',<ref name=Dead/> the '''Grey Host''',<ref>{{RK|Debate}}, p. 875</ref> the '''Shadow Host''',<ref name=Shadows>{{RK|Company}}, p. 790</ref> the '''Shadow-men'''<ref name=Dead/> or simply the '''[[Shadow]]s'''<ref name=Shadows/>.<br />
<br />
The name "Army of the Dead" was only used in [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]].<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
[[File:The Lord of the Rings - The Return of the King - Army of the Dead.jpg|thumb|right|The Army of the Dead in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'']]<br />
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'':'''<br />
:The Dead were originally envisioned as walking skeletons, but this had to be revised after ''Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl'' came out and portrayed a similar idea with its undead hosts. The Dead were instead shown as glowing green ghosts. Contrary to the book, the Dead follow [[Aragorn]] all the way to [[Minas Tirith]], and destroy [[Sauron]]'s troops. It is after this that they are ultimately set free.<br />
<br />
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:The Oathbreakers of Dunharrow are the inspiration for several other factions of Oathbreakers and other cursed shades, such as former soldiers of [[Arthedain]] cursed for betraying [[Fornost]] to the forces of [[Angmar]]. The King of the Dead was named Rioc. Some of the Dead Men of Dunharrow refused to follow Aragorn, and reaffirmed their allegiance to Sauron. These were known as the Ruthless Dead.<br />
{{references}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:Gondorians]]<br />
[[Category:Pre-Númenóreans]]<br />
[[Category:Servants of Sauron]]<br />
[[Category:Undead]]<br />
[[de:Schattenheer]]<br />
[[fi:Vainajat]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=First_Age_590&diff=387531First Age 5902024-03-13T09:42:03Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ardayearheader|542|545|587|590|Second Age 1|Second Age 32|Second Age 40}}<br />
* After the [[War of Wrath]], [[Morgoth]] is banished forever into the [[Void]] through the [[Door of Night]],<ref name="WJ">{{WJ|Years}}, p. 346</ref> which will be guarded by [[Eärendil|Eärendil the Mariner]] until the coming of the [[Dagor Dagorath]].<ref name="Quenta">{{S|Earendil}}</ref><br />
* The [[Host of the Valar|Host of the West]] finally leaves sunken [[Beleriand]] and summons the [[Eldar]] to remove to [[Aman]] and settle on [[Tol Eressëa]], but [[Círdan]], [[Galadriel]] and [[Celeborn]], [[Celebrimbor]], [[Gil-galad]], and many [[Sindar]] all elect to remain in [[Middle-earth]].<ref name="Quenta"/><br />
* As a gift to the [[Men]] of the Three Houses of the [[Edain]] who had helped to defeat Morgoth, the [[Valar]] raise the island of [[Elenna]] amidst the [[Belegaer|Great Sea]]. Guided by the [[Star of Eärendil]], most of them starts migrating there to establish a [[Númenor|new kindom]] removed from the dangers of Middle-earth.<ref name="LotR">{{App|Numenor}}, pp. 1034-5</ref><ref name="Numenor">{{S|IV}}</ref><br />
* The choice of the [[Half-elven]]: [[Elrond]] chooses to be of [[Elves|Elven-kind]] to remain in Middle-earth beside Gil-galad, while his brother [[Elros]] chooses to be a [[Gift of Ilúvatar|mortal Man]] and thus remains with the Edain.<ref name="Quenta"/><ref name="LotR"/><ref name="Numenor"/><br />
* The [[First Age]] ends.<ref name="WJ"/><ref name="Quenta"/><ref>{{App|B}}, p. 1085</ref><br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:First Age years|0, First Age 0590]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Second_Age_32&diff=387530Second Age 322024-03-13T08:58:31Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ardayearheader|First Age 587|First Age 590|1|32|40|61|82}}<br />
* All the remaining [[Edain]] (including a few [[Drúedain]]<ref>{{UT|12c}}, note 7, pp. 403-4</ref>) finally settle on the isle of [[Elenna]],<ref>{{App|SA}}, entry "32", p. 1085</ref> where the kingdom of [[Númenor]] is established.<ref name="Appendix">{{App|Numenor}}, pp. 1034-5</ref><ref name="Akallabeth">{{S|IV}}</ref><br />
* [[Elros]] the son of [[Eärendil]] is enthroned to be the first [[King of Númenor]] and thus receives his royal name ''Tar-Minyatur''.<ref name="Appendix"/><ref name="Akallabeth/><ref>{{UT|Kings}}, entry "I ''Elros Tar-Minyatur'', p. 221</ref><br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Second Age years|0032]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Second_Age_32&diff=387529Second Age 322024-03-13T08:29:29Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ardayearheader|First Age 587|First Age 590|1|32|40|61|82}}<br />
* All the remaining [[Edain]] (including a few [[Drúedain]]<ref>{{UT|Druedain}}, note 7</ref>) finally settle on the isle of [[Elenna]],<ref>{{App|SA}}, entry "32", p. 1085</ref> where the kingdom of [[Númenor]] is established.<ref name="LotR">{{App|Numenor}}, pp. 1034-5</ref><ref name="Akallabeth">{{S|IV}}</ref><br />
* [[Elros]] the son of [[Eärendil]] is enthroned to be the first [[King of Númenor]] and thus receives his royal name ''Tar-Minyatur''.<ref name="LotR"/><ref name="Akallabeth/><ref>{{UT|Kings}}, entry "I ''Elros Tar-Minyatur''</ref><br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Second Age years|0032]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=First_Age_590&diff=387528First Age 5902024-03-13T07:54:17Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ardayearheader|542|545|587|590|Second Age 1|Second Age 32|Second Age 40}}<br />
* After the [[War of Wrath]], [[Morgoth]] is banished forever into the [[Void]] through the [[Door of Night]],<ref name="WJ">{{WJ|Years}}, p. 346</ref> which will be guarded by [[Eärendil|Eärendil the Mariner]] until the coming of the [[Dagor Dagorath]].<ref name="Earendil">{{S|Earendil}}</ref><br />
* The [[Host of the Valar|Host of the West]] finally leaves sunken [[Beleriand]] and summons the [[Elves]] to remove to [[Aman]] and settle on [[Tol Eressëa]], but [[Círdan]], [[Galadriel]] and [[Celeborn]], [[Celebrimbor]], [[Gil-galad]], and many [[Sindar]] all elect to remain in [[Middle-earth]].<ref name="Earendil"/><br />
* As a gift to the [[Men]] of the Three Houses of the [[Edain]] who had helped to defeat Morgoth, the [[Valar]] raise the island of [[Elenna]] amidst the [[Belegaer|Great Sea]]. Guided by the [[Star of Eärendil]], most of them starts migrating there to establish a [[Númenor|new kindom]] removed from the dangers of Middle-earth.<ref name="Numenor">{{App|Numenor}}, pp. 1034-5</ref><ref name="Akallabeth">{{S|IV}}</ref><br />
* The choice of the [[Half-elven]]: [[Elrond]] chooses to be of [[Elves|Elven-kind]] to remain in Middle-earth beside Gil-galad, while his brother [[Elros]] chooses to be a [[Gift of Ilúvatar|mortal Man]] and thus remains with the Edain.<ref name="Earendil"/><ref name="Numenor"/><ref name="Akallabeth"/><br />
* The [[First Age]] ends.<ref name="WJ"/><ref name="Earendil"/><ref>{{App|B}}, p. 1085</ref><br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:First Age years|0, First Age 0590]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=First_Age_590&diff=387527First Age 5902024-03-13T07:39:58Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ardayearheader|542|545|587|590|Second Age 1|Second Age 32|Second Age 40}}<br />
* After the [[War of Wrath]], [[Morgoth]] is banished forever into the [[Void]] through the [[Door of Night]],<ref name="WJ">{{WJ|Years}}, p. 346</ref> which will be guarded by [[Eärendil|Eärendil the Mariner]] until the coming of the [[Dagor Dagorath]].<ref name="Earendil">{{S|Earendil}}</ref><br />
* The [[Host of the Valar|Host of the West]] finally leaves sunken [[Beleriand]] and summons the [[Elves]] to remove to [[Aman]] and settle on [[Tol Eressëa]]. [[Círdan]], [[Galadriel]] and [[Celeborn]], [[Celebrimbor]], [[Gil-galad]] and [[Elrond]] all elect to remain in [[Middle-earth]].<ref name="Earendil"/><br />
* As a gift to the [[Men]] of the Three Houses of the [[Edain]] who had helped to defeat Morgoth, the [[Valar]] raise the island of [[Elenna]] amidst the [[Belegaer|Great Sea]]. Guided by the [[Star of Eärendil]], most of them starts migrating there to establish a [[Númenor|new kindom]] removed from the dangers of Middle-earth.<ref>{{App|Numenor}}, p. 1035</ref><ref>{{S|IV}}</ref><br />
* The [[First Age]] ends.<ref name="WJ"/><ref name="Earendil"/><ref>{{App|B}}, p. 1085</ref><br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:First Age years|0, First Age 0590]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Faramir%27s_defence_of_Osgiliath&diff=387517Faramir's defence of Osgiliath2024-03-12T20:25:29Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Unnamed}}<br />
{{disambig-more|Battle of Osgiliath|[[Battle of Osgiliath (disambiguation)]]}}<br />
{{battle<br />
|name=Faramir's defence of Osgiliath<br />
|image=[[Image:Donato Giancola - Faramir at Osgiliath.jpg|300px]]<br />
|conflict=[[War of the Ring]]<br />
|date=[[12 March]] {{TA|3019}}<br />
|place=The ruins of western [[Osgiliath]]<br />
|result=Victory for [[Sauron]], gaining the crossing of the Anduin River<br />
|side1=[[Gondor]]<br />
|side2=[[Mordor]]<br />
|commanders1=<br />
* [[Faramir]]<br />
|commanders2=<br />
* [[Sauron]]<br />
* [[Witch-king of Angmar]]<br />
|forces1=Unknown, the men of Gondor<br />
|forces2=Unknown, forces of Mordor, Southrons, Haradwaith<br />
|casual1=Unknown <br />
|casual2=Unknown<br />
}}<br />
{{wotr}}<br />
<br />
'''Faramir's defence of Osgiliath''' was a futile attempt to stem the offensive of Sauron's army advancing from [[Minas Morgul]] towards [[Minas Tirith]] through the ruins of the city on the [[Anduin]].<br />
<br />
==Prelude==<br />
[[10 March|Two days]] after the departure of [[Frodo Baggins]] from [[Henneth Annûn]], [[Faramir]] barely returned to [[Minas Tirith]] from [[Cair Andros]], since he was almost caught by [[fell beasts]] of the five [[Nazgûl]] until [[Gandalf]] saved him.<ref name="Osgiliath">{{RK|V4}}</ref><ref name="App">{{App|Great}}</ref><br />
<br />
Early in the morning of [[11 March|the next day]] [[Denethor]] ordered his son back to Osgiliath, hoping to make the Enemy pay dearly for the crossing of the river. Despite his warnings that [[Sauron]] could easily afford to lose ten times [[Gondor]]'s losses, and that those so far afield would find retreat perilous, Denethor insisted that Faramir defend the ruined city because no army could cross the river north of Cair Andros or southwards towards [[Lebennin]]. After the meeting of the Council Faramir took what strength he could to Osgiliath.<ref name="Osgiliath"/><br />
<br />
==The Battle==<br />
On 12 March, {{TA|3019}},<ref name="App"/> Sauron's army met and pushed Faramir's scratch forces west out of Osgiliath. Although the Enemy did pay dearly for the crossing, it was less than hoped. In secret, numerous floats and barges had been built in East Osgiliath which allowed Sauron's forces to swarm like beetles upon the defenders.<ref name="Osgiliath"/><br />
<br />
==Aftermath==<br />
Under the Enemy's pressure, Faramir was forced to retreat with his men back to the [[Causeway Forts]] where the ongoing battle resumed. On [[13 March]],<ref name="App"/> this fight was also lost, while Faramir himself was gravely wounded by a poisonous arrow of the [[Haradrim]] and struck down by the [[Black Breath]]. Only a sortie by [[Imrahil]] and his knights saved him and the rest of the remaining soldiers from that onset.<ref name="Osgiliath/> Sauron's army advanced and the [[Siege of Gondor]] would begin.<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations ==<br />
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'':'''<br />
<br />
:Orcs, led by [[Gothmog (Lieutenant of Morgul)|Gothmog]], swarm across the Anduin and engage Faramir's garrison throughout the ruins of western Osgiliath. When his forces begin to be overwhelmed and the city is clearly lost, he leads a retreat back to Minas Tirith, harried by the Ringwraiths along the way. Denethor then delusionally orders Faramir to lead a counter-attack to retake Osgiliath, despite Faramir's complaint that the city is completely overrun. The [[Pelennor Fields]] are not protected by the [[Rammas Echor]] and there are no [[Causeway Forts]] on the road between Osgiliath and Minas Tirith.<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Conflicts of the War of the Ring]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Faramir%27s_defence_of_Osgiliath&diff=387516Faramir's defence of Osgiliath2024-03-12T19:50:15Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: /* Prelude */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Unnamed}}<br />
{{disambig-more|Battle of Osgiliath|[[Battle of Osgiliath (disambiguation)]]}}<br />
{{battle<br />
|name=Faramir's defence of Osgiliath<br />
|image=[[Image:Donato Giancola - Faramir at Osgiliath.jpg|300px]]<br />
|conflict=[[War of the Ring]]<br />
|date=[[12 March]] {{TA|3019}}<br />
|place=The ruins of western [[Osgiliath]]<br />
|result=Victory for [[Sauron]], gaining the crossing of the Anduin River<br />
|side1=[[Gondor]]<br />
|side2=[[Mordor]]<br />
|commanders1=<br />
* [[Faramir]]<br />
|commanders2=<br />
* [[Sauron]]<br />
* [[Witch-king of Angmar]]<br />
|forces1=Unknown, the men of Gondor<br />
|forces2=Unknown, forces of Mordor, Southrons, Haradwaith<br />
|casual1=Unknown <br />
|casual2=Unknown<br />
}}<br />
{{wotr}}<br />
<br />
'''Faramir's defence of Osgiliath''' was a futile attempt to stem the advance of Sauron's army advancing from [[Minas Morgul]] towards [[Minas Tirith]] through the ruins of the city on the [[Anduin]].<br />
==Prelude==<br />
[[10 March|Two days]] after the departure of [[Frodo Baggins]] from [[Henneth Annûn]], [[Faramir]] barely returned to [[Minas Tirith]] from [[Cair Andros]], since he was almost caught by [[fell beasts]] of the five [[Nazgûl]] until [[Gandalf]] saved him.<ref name="App">{{App|Great}}</ref> <br />
<br />
Early in the morning of [[11 March|the next day]] [[Denethor]] ordered his son back to Osgiliath, hoping to make the Enemy pay dearly for the crossing of the river. Despite his warnings that [[Sauron]] could easily afford to lose ten times [[Gondor]]'s losses, and that those so far afield would find retreat perilous, Denethor insisted that Faramir defend the ruined city because no army could cross the river north of Cair Andros or southwards towards [[Lebennin]]. After the meeting of the Council Faramir took what strength he could to Osgiliath.<ref name="Osgiliath">{{RK|V4}}</ref><br />
<br />
==The Battle==<br />
On 12 March, {{TA|3019}},<ref name="App"/> Sauron's army met and pushed Faramir's scratch forces west out of Osgiliath. Although the Enemy did pay dearly for the crossing, it was less than hoped. In secret, numerous floats and barges had been built in East Osgiliath which allowed Sauron's forces to swarm like beetles upon the defenders.<ref name="Osgiliath"/><br />
<br />
==Aftermath==<br />
Faramir retired with his men to the [[Causeway Forts]] where the ongoing battle resumed. Soon this battle would also be lost, Faramir was struck down by the [[Black Breath]]. Only a sortie by [[Imrahil]] and his knights saved him and the rest of the wounded from that onset.<ref>{{RK|V4}}</ref> Sauron's army advanced and [[siege of Gondor]] would begin.<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations ==<br />
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'':'''<br />
<br />
:Orcs, led by [[Gothmog (Lieutenant of Morgul)|Gothmog]], swarm across the Anduin and engage Faramir's garrison throughout the ruins of western Osgiliath. When his forces begin to be overwhelmed and the city is clearly lost, he leads a retreat back to Minas Tirith, harried by the Ringwraiths along the way. Denethor then delusionally orders Faramir to lead a counter-attack to retake Osgiliath, despite Faramir's complaint that the city is completely overrun. The [[Pelennor Fields]] are not protected by the [[Rammas Echor]] and there are no [[Causeway Forts]] on the road between Osgiliath and Minas Tirith.<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Conflicts of the War of the Ring]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Faramir%27s_defence_of_Osgiliath&diff=387515Faramir's defence of Osgiliath2024-03-12T19:49:49Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: /* Prelude */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Unnamed}}<br />
{{disambig-more|Battle of Osgiliath|[[Battle of Osgiliath (disambiguation)]]}}<br />
{{battle<br />
|name=Faramir's defence of Osgiliath<br />
|image=[[Image:Donato Giancola - Faramir at Osgiliath.jpg|300px]]<br />
|conflict=[[War of the Ring]]<br />
|date=[[12 March]] {{TA|3019}}<br />
|place=The ruins of western [[Osgiliath]]<br />
|result=Victory for [[Sauron]], gaining the crossing of the Anduin River<br />
|side1=[[Gondor]]<br />
|side2=[[Mordor]]<br />
|commanders1=<br />
* [[Faramir]]<br />
|commanders2=<br />
* [[Sauron]]<br />
* [[Witch-king of Angmar]]<br />
|forces1=Unknown, the men of Gondor<br />
|forces2=Unknown, forces of Mordor, Southrons, Haradwaith<br />
|casual1=Unknown <br />
|casual2=Unknown<br />
}}<br />
{{wotr}}<br />
<br />
'''Faramir's defence of Osgiliath''' was a futile attempt to stem the advance of Sauron's army advancing from [[Minas Morgul]] towards [[Minas Tirith]] through the ruins of the city on the [[Anduin]].<br />
==Prelude==<br />
[[10 March|Two days]] after the departure of [[Frodo Baggins]] from [[Henneth Annûn]], [[Faramir]] barely returned to [[Minas Tirith]] from [[Cair Andros]], since he was almost caught by [[Fell beasts]] of the five [[Nazgûl]] until [[Gandalf]] saved him.<ref name="App">{{App|Great}}</ref> <br />
<br />
Early in the morning of [[11 March|the next day]] [[Denethor]] ordered his son back to Osgiliath, hoping to make the Enemy pay dearly for the crossing of the river. Despite his warnings that [[Sauron]] could easily afford to lose ten times [[Gondor]]'s losses, and that those so far afield would find retreat perilous, Denethor insisted that Faramir defend the ruined city because no army could cross the river north of [[Cair Andros]] or southwards towards [[Lebennin]]. After the meeting of the Council Faramir took what strength he could to Osgiliath.<ref name="Osgiliath">{{RK|V4}}</ref><br />
<br />
==The Battle==<br />
On 12 March, {{TA|3019}},<ref name="App"/> Sauron's army met and pushed Faramir's scratch forces west out of Osgiliath. Although the Enemy did pay dearly for the crossing, it was less than hoped. In secret, numerous floats and barges had been built in East Osgiliath which allowed Sauron's forces to swarm like beetles upon the defenders.<ref name="Osgiliath"/><br />
<br />
==Aftermath==<br />
Faramir retired with his men to the [[Causeway Forts]] where the ongoing battle resumed. Soon this battle would also be lost, Faramir was struck down by the [[Black Breath]]. Only a sortie by [[Imrahil]] and his knights saved him and the rest of the wounded from that onset.<ref>{{RK|V4}}</ref> Sauron's army advanced and [[siege of Gondor]] would begin.<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations ==<br />
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'':'''<br />
<br />
:Orcs, led by [[Gothmog (Lieutenant of Morgul)|Gothmog]], swarm across the Anduin and engage Faramir's garrison throughout the ruins of western Osgiliath. When his forces begin to be overwhelmed and the city is clearly lost, he leads a retreat back to Minas Tirith, harried by the Ringwraiths along the way. Denethor then delusionally orders Faramir to lead a counter-attack to retake Osgiliath, despite Faramir's complaint that the city is completely overrun. The [[Pelennor Fields]] are not protected by the [[Rammas Echor]] and there are no [[Causeway Forts]] on the road between Osgiliath and Minas Tirith.<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Conflicts of the War of the Ring]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=File:Angus_McBride_-_Sauron.jpg&diff=385484File:Angus McBride - Sauron.jpg2024-02-07T12:29:28Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: Sauron by Angus McBride, appearing in {{ICE|8007}}.
==Licensing==
{{Fairuse-ICE}}
Category:Images by Angus McBride
Category:Images of the Eye of Sauron
Category:Images of Sauron</p>
<hr />
<div>== Summary ==<br />
[[Sauron]] by [[Angus McBride]], appearing in {{ICE|8007}}.<br />
<br />
==Licensing==<br />
{{Fairuse-ICE}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Images by Angus McBride]]<br />
[[Category:Images of the Eye of Sauron]]<br />
[[Category:Images of Sauron]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Kham%C3%BBl&diff=385443Khamûl2024-02-06T13:22:06Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: Undo revision 385363 by Ar-Zigûr (talk)</p>
<hr />
<div>__NOTOC__<br />
{{evil infobox<br />
| name=Khamûl<br />
| image=[[Image:John Howe - Khamûl the Easterling.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Khamûl the Easterling" by [[John Howe]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=The Shadow of the East<br>The Second Chief<br>The Black Easterling<br />
| titles=<br />
| position=Second-in-command to the [[Witch-king]]<br />
| location=[[Rhûn]], [[Mordor]], [[Dol Guldur]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Easterlings]]<br/>[[Nazgûl]]<br>[[Eye of Sauron]]<br />
| language=[[Mannish]]<br>[[Black Speech]]<br />
| birth=[[Second Age]]<br />
| birthlocation=Presumably [[Rhûn]]<br />
| rule=<br />
| death=[[25 March]] {{TA|3019}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Morannon]]<br />
| age=4200+<br />
| notablefor=Commanding [[Dol Guldur]]<br/>Pursuing [[Frodo Baggins]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=<br />
| race=[[Men|Man]] (early)<br/>[[Wraiths|Wraith]] (later)<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=<br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=Black horse<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Khamûl''' was one of the nine [[Nazgûl|Ringwraiths]], second only to the [[Witch-king]] himself, and since {{TA|2951}}<ref name=RC>{{HM|RC}}, "A Knife in the Dark", p. 167-9</ref> Sauron's lieutenant at [[Dol Guldur]]. He was also called "'''the Shadow of the East'''".<ref name=Black>{{UT|Black}}</ref><br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
[[File:Stephen Hickman - Gaffer Gamgee and the Black Rider.jpg|thumb|left|''Gaffer Gamgee and the Black Rider'' by [[Stephen Hickman]]]]<br />
It is possible that Khamûl was an [[Easterlings|Easterling]].<ref group=note>The earlier byname "the Black Easterling" of a then unnamed Ringwraith at Dol Guldur and his later byname "the Shadow of the East" suggest that he was originally from the East, but the latter may also refer to the fact that he was based in Dol Guldur, which is in the East</ref><ref>{{HM|RC}}, "Khamul, commander of Dol Guldur, was from the East", p. 84</ref> Like the other Ringwraiths, he was one of nine [[Men]] to whom [[Sauron]] gave one of the [[Nine Rings|Rings of Power]], who became mighty kings, sorcerers or warriors, and eventually faded into a [[Wraiths|wraith]] that was under the rule of Sauron.<ref>{{S|Rings}}</ref> By {{SA|2251}} he and the other eight Men who had received rings of power first appeared as Ringwraiths.<ref>{{App|SA}}, entry for the year 2251, p. 1083</ref><br />
<br />
After the Witch-king, Khamûl had the best ability to perceive the presence of [[the One Ring]], but his power was most confused and diminished by daylight.<ref name=Note1>{{UT|Hunt}}, Notes, note 1</ref><br />
<br />
In {{TA|2951}}, Sauron declared himself openly to his enemies and sent Khamûl and two other Ringwraiths to [[Dol Guldur]],<ref>{{App|TA}}, entry for the year 2951, p. 1089</ref> with the former taking command.<ref name=Black/><br />
<br />
Around [[22 July]] {{TA|3018}}, Khamûl with another Ringwraith who lived at Dol Guldur met the Witch-king and six other Ringwraiths that lived at [[Minas Morgul]] in the [[Field of Celebrant]]. The Ringwraiths from Dol Guldur informed their fellow Ringwraiths from Minas Morgul that Gollum had escaped and vanished. Khamûl also told them that the villages of the [[Stoors]] at the river [[Gladden]] had been deserted for a long time and that it had not been possible to find a dwelling of [[Hobbits|Halflings]] in the [[Vales of Anduin]].<ref name=Black/><br />
<br />
In the evening of [[23 September]],<ref name=Great>{{App|Great}}, pp. 1091-2</ref> Khamûl arrived in [[Hobbiton]] and asked [[Gaffer Gamgee|Hamfast Gamgee]] about "Baggins". Hamfast Gamgee misled him that Frodo Baggins had already left and he rode to the east. On [[24 September]], he rode on the [[Stock Road]] and overtook Frodo and stopped,<ref>{{FR|Three}}, p. 74</ref> because he sensed the Ring, but he was not certain because of the bright daylight and left again and waited until the night.<ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from an unpublished version of ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 97</ref> After the sunset he sensed the ring again and pursued Frodo.<ref name=Hunt99>{{HM|RC}}, citing from an unpublished version of ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 99</ref> He did not dare to attack and retreated,<ref>{{FR|Three}}, p. 78</ref> because he was intimidated by the [[Elves]] and by the song about [[Elbereth]].<ref name=Hunt99/> He could not sense the ring clearly as long as Frodo was surrounded by the Elves.<ref name=Hunt99/><br />
<br />
After the departure of the Elves Khamûl continued to pursue Frodo, but does not find him and called the other Ringwraith from Dol Guldur to him with cries. He and another Ringwraith from Dol Guldur went east over the fields and Khamûl visits [[farmer Maggot]].<ref>{{FR|Mushrooms}}, pp. 93-4</ref> After leaving farmer Maggot he sent his companion off to take the [[Causeway]] in the direction of the [[Overbourn Marshes]] and he went north in the direction of the [[Brandywine Bridge]]. Khamûl then arrived too late at the [[Bucklebury Ferry]] in the night of [[25 September]].<ref name=RC164>{{HM|RC}}, citing from an unpublished version of ''The Hunt for the Ring'', pp. 164-5</ref><br />
<br />
After Frodo had left on the ferry Khamûl summoned the other four Ringwraiths who had entered the Shire with him. He ordered one to watch the Brandywine Bridge and sent two to ride east on the [[East Road]] and inform the Witch-king that the ring has moved east. Khamûl and another Ringwraith from Dol Guldur entered [[Buckland]] in secret through the [[Buckland Gate|north gate]].<ref name=RC164/> They searched the Buckland and arrived at Crickhollow in the night of [[28 September]]. Khâmul sent the other Ringwraith from Dol Guldur to collect the Ringwraith who guarded the Brandywine Bridge and the horses that they had left behind and waited. The three Ringwraiths then watch Crickhollow through the night until the next morning.<ref name=RC164/><br />
<br />
He was also one of the six Ringwraiths, led by the Witch King, that followed Gandalf on [[Shadowfax]] and attacked him on 3 October during the night during the night on [[Weathertop]],<ref name=Great/> but were repulsed after a violent fight in the early hours of 4 October, when [[Frodo]] and [[Aragorn]] saw the lights of that battle from their camp.<ref>{{FR|Knife}}, p. 183</ref><ref name=Hunt168>{{HM|RC}} citing from an unpublished version of ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 168</ref> The Witch King and Khamûl stayed behind to watch Weathertop (waiting for the Ring Bearer to come) for two days thereafter, along with two other Ringwraiths and sent four Ringwraiths to pursue Gandalf.<ref name=Hunt168/><br />
<br />
Khamûl and two other Ringwraiths<ref name=Hunt194>{{HM|RC}}, citing from an unpublished version of ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 194</ref> were on the bridge over the [[Hoarwell]] on [[11 October]],<ref name=Great/> but when [[Glorfindel]] approached them, they withdrew and were pursued by Glorfindel<ref>{{FR|Flight}}, p. 210</ref> down the road until they left the road and scattered.<ref name=Hunt194/> However on [[14 October]], Khamûl, the Witch-king and three other Ringwraiths assembled again and continued with their pursuit.<ref name=Hunt194/><br />
<br />
On [[20 October]],<ref name=Great/> he was among the Ringwraiths who caught up with Frodo and his companions and dared to use the ford to ride into the river [[Loudwater]] to pursue Frodo who had already crossed the river,<ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from an unpublished version of ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 196</ref> but they were swept down the river by the flood<ref>{{FR|Flight}}, pp. 212-5</ref> that was called by [[Elrond]].<ref>{{FR|Meetings}}, p. 224</ref><br />
<br />
From [[20 March]] on,<ref name=Great1094>{{App|Great}}, p. 1094</ref> Khamûl and the other seven remaining Ringwraiths were flying on their [[Fell beasts]] over the [[Army of the West]] watching its movements as it marched to the [[Black Gate]].<ref>{{RK|Gate}}, "near the end of the second day of their march from the Cross-roads", p. 885</ref><br />
<br />
On [[25 March]],<ref name=Great1094/> Khamûl and all the other seven Ringwraiths were flying on their [[Fell beasts]] over the [[Army of the West]] during the [[Battle of the Morannon]].<ref>{{RK|Gate}}, p. 887</ref> When Frodo put on the ring at the [[Cracks of Doom]] in [[Mount Doom]] Sauron realised the danger and ordered Khâmul and the other Ringwraiths to race to Mount Doom. Khamûl probably perished with the rest of the Ringwraiths when they flew on their Fell beasts to Mount Doom and were caught in the fiery eruption of Mount Doom that took place after the destruction of the One Ring, because they "crackled, withered, and went out".<ref>{{RK|Doom}}, p. 946-7</ref><br />
<br />
== Other versions of the legendarium ==<br />
The bynames "'''the Second Chief (the Black Easterling)'''" were used for an unnamed Ringwraith that was based in Dol Guldur in a rejected version of the passage about the earlier movements of the Ringwraiths in "The Hunt for the Ring", but not in the final version where the Ringwraith who was Sauron's lieutenant at Dol Guldur was named Khâmul the Shadow of the East.<ref name=Note1/><br />
<br />
== Portrayal in adaptations ==<br />
'''2001-: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game]]'':'''<br />
:Khamûl received two named miniatures in the game, one depicting his cloaked form and the other his armored appearance as seen in ''The Hobbit: The Battle of Five Armies''. The latter explicitly identifies Khamûl as the Ringwraith with a more ornate version of the Easterling helmets seen in ''The Lord of the Rings''.<br />
<br />
'''2002: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)]]'':'''<br />
:During the nighttime section of the Shire level, Frodo overhears the conversation between Khamûl and [[Gaffer Gamgee]] just as he is about to deliver the [[Bag End]] key to Number 3, Bagshot Row. The conversation plays out as it does in the novel except that Khamûl's lines are audible. Instead of simply walking back down the path after the conversation ends, Khamûl (who is mounted on his horse) intimidates the Gaffer by rearing his steed while letting out a ghastly wail, before galloping back down the road. No voice actor is specified for the role.<br />
<br />
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:The Nazgûl in charge of Dol Guldur is known simply as "The Lieutenant of Dol Guldur", formerly "The Cursed Rider". He is said to have been an Easterling chieftain who wielded the Ring "Orôm, the Warmonger".<br />
<br />
{{references|note}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Khamul}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:Easterlings]]<br />
[[Category:Nazgûl]]<br />
[[Category:Second Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Servants of Sauron]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Khamûl]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/hommes/3a/nazgul/khamul]]<br />
[[fi:Khamûl]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Witch-king&diff=385442Witch-king2024-02-06T13:21:32Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: Undo revision 385362 by Ar-Zigûr (talk)</p>
<hr />
<div>{{evil infobox<br />
| name=The Witch-king of Angmar<br />
| image=[[File:Melissa Hitchcock - The Black Captain.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="The Black Captain" by [[:Category:Images by Melissa Hitchcock|Melissa Hitchcock]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=Black Captain, Chief of the Nine, [[Dwimmerlaik]]<br />
| titles=King of Angmar<br/>Lord of Minas Morgul<br />
| position=Lord of the [[Nazgûl]]<br />
| location=[[Angmar]]<br/>[[Minas Morgul]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Nazgûl]]<br>[[Eye of Sauron]]<br />
| language=[[Black Speech]], [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Before {{SA|2251}}<br />
| birthlocation=Unknown<br />
| rule={{TA|1300}} - {{TA|1975|n}} <small>(in Angmar)</small><br/>{{TA|2002}} - {{TA|3019|n}} <small>(in Minas Morgul)</small><br />
| death=[[15 March]], {{TA|3019}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Pelennor Fields]]<br />
| age=4209+<br />
| notablefor=[[Arnor#The Fall of Arthedain|Fall of Arnor]]<br/>Establishing [[Angmar]]<br/>Fall of [[Minas Ithil]] and [[Osgiliath]]<br/>Deaths of [[Eärnur]], [[Boromir (Steward of Gondor)|Boromir]], and [[Théoden]]<br/>Stabbing [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=<br />
| race=[[Men|Man]] (early)<br/>[[Wraiths|Wraith]] (later)<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Tallest of the Nazgûl<br />
| hair=Gleaming<br />
| eyes=Fiery red<br />
| clothing=Crown<br />
| weapons=[[Morgul-knife]]; [[Black Breath]]; A great black mace<br />
| steed=Black horse; [[Fell beasts|Fell Beast]]<br />
| gallery=the Witch-king<br />
}}<br />
{{quote|In rode the Lord of the Nazgûl. A great black shape against the fires beyond he loomed up, grown to a vast menace of despair. In rode the Lord of the Nazgûl, under the archway that no enemy ever yet had passed, and all fled before his face.|''[[The Return of the King]]'', "[[The Siege of Gondor]]"}}<br />
<br />
The '''Witch-king of Angmar''' was the chief of the [[Nazgûl]], King of [[Angmar]] and [[Sauron]]'s great captain in his wars. A [[Wraiths|wraith]], the Witch-king of Angmar was nearly indestructible, a terrifying warrior, and a cunning strategist.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
[[File:Catherine Chmiel - The King of Nazgûl.jpg|thumb|left|''The King of Nazgûl'' by [[:Category:Images by Catherine Karina Chmiel|Catherine Chmiel]]]]<br />
Some time after Sauron seized the [[Rings of Power]] in the [[Sack of Eregion]], {{SA|1697}} he gave [[Nine Rings|nine of them]] to [[Men|Mannish]] kings, sorcerers and other warriors.<ref>{{S|Rings}}, p. 289</ref> With the power of their rings, the Nine achieved glory and grew wealthy, but they eventually started hating life as they were slowly drawn under Sauron’s dominion. In the end, they all became the dreadful [[Nazgûl|Ringwraiths]].<br />
<br />
The one later known as the Witch-king<ref group=note>According to the [[Oxford English Dictionary]] the oldest meaning of ''witch'' is "a man who practices witchcraft or magic; a magician, sorcerer, wizard"</ref> was a sorcerer,<ref>{{FR|Council}}, p. 257</ref><ref>{{RK|Siege}}, p. 819</ref> probably<ref>{{HM|RC}}, p. 20 citing from J.R.R. Tolkien's manuscript of ''Nomenclature'' "he was probably (like the Lieutenant of Barad-dur [the Mouth of Sauron]) of Numenorean descent"</ref> one of the unnamed three lords of [[Númenóreans|Númenórean]] race, who accepted one of the Rings of Power.<ref>{{S|Akallabeth}}</ref> He first appeared in the histories as a Ringwraith in {{SA|2251}}. Being the most powerful of the Nazgûl, he became their chief and the most feared servant of his master Sauron.<br />
<br />
When [[Mordor]] fell in {{SA|3441}}, the Nazgûl vanished into the shadows and were not heard of again for a long time.<ref>{{App|SA}}, entry for the year 3441, p. 1084</ref><br />
<br />
=== Early power in Angmar ===<br />
More than a thousand years later, in c. {{TA|1050|n}} of the [[Third Age]], [[Sauron]] began to rebuild his power in [[Dol Guldur]]. In c. {{TA|1300|n}} his Nazgûl also reappeared and the Witch-king established his realm, [[Angmar]], in the north.<ref>{{App|TA}}, entry for the year 1300, p. 1086</ref> His capital was [[Carn Dûm]], on the northernmost peak of the [[Misty Mountains]]. He summoned men, [[orcs]] and other creatures of evil inclination to his banner. No one knew that he was actually a servant of the long-dormant [[Sauron]] and few that he was a wraith.<ref name=Malvegil>{{App|Eriador}}, ''The North-kingdom and the Dúnedain'', entry for King Malvegil, p. 1040</ref><br />
<br />
In the north, disunity plagued the [[Dúnedain]] of [[Arnor]]. They had divided into three kingdoms: [[Cardolan]], [[Rhudaur]] and [[Arthedain]], and were constantly at war with one another.<ref>{{App|Eriador}}, ''The North-kingdom and the Dúnedain'', p. 1039</ref> The Witch-king saw the North-kingdom of Arnor as more vulnerable than the South-kingdom of Gondor.<ref name=Malvegil/> He played upon their opposition, sending in infiltrators and taking over the hearts of the men of that land. By {{TA|1349|n}}, the government of Rhudaur was controlled by men secretly in his service,<ref>{{PM|Elendil}}, entry for [[Malvegil]], pp. 193-194</ref> and he secretly aided them in their wars against the other kingdoms.<ref name="Argeleb">{{PM|Elendil}}, entry for [[Argeleb I]], p. 194</ref> He then struck at a time of great hostility among the three, in {{TA|1409|n}}. Rhudaur in the east fell first, and most of the Dúnedain there were hunted down and slaughtered by sorcerers.<ref name="Arveleg">{{PM|Elendil}}, entry for [[Arveleg I]], p. 194 </ref> Cardolan was ravaged and its [[last prince of Cardolan|last prince]] slain;<ref>{{HM|RC}}, "Fog on the Barrow-downs", pp. 144-5; Index, 'Cardolan, [[Last prince of Cardolan|last prince of]]'</ref> the tower of [[Weathertop|Amon Sûl]], held by the men of Arthedain, was placed under siege. King [[Arveleg I]] was slain and the tower was destroyed, but the coveted ''[[Amon Sûl-stone|palantír]]'' escaped in the hands of the surviving men of Arthedain and was brought to [[Fornost]].<ref name="Palantiri16">{{UT|14a}}, Note 16, p. 413</ref><br />
<br />
The Witch-king continued to press the men of Arthedain, laying siege to Fornost, and he might have taken over all of Arnor in that one offensive. But [[Araphor]], the 18-year-old son of Arveleg, came to leadership and, with the help of the ancient elf [[Círdan]] of [[Lindon]], repelled the Witch-king’s forces at Fornost and the [[North Downs]].<ref>{{App|Eriador}}, ''The North-kingdom and the Dúnedain'', entry for King Araphor, p. 1040</ref> [[Elrond]] brought an army of [[Elves]] from [[Rivendell]] and [[Lothlórien]], and the Witch-king was pushed back and subdued.<br />
<br />
=== Twilight of Angmar ===<br />
The Witch-king sat silent in Carn Dûm, rebuilding his armies and preparing for a final assault on [[Arthedain]], last of the Arnorian kingdoms. The [[Great Plague]] came and went in {{TA|1636|n}}, taking with it the last of the Dúnedain of [[Cardolan]]. The Witch-king sent [[barrow-wights]] to inhabit the barrows in [[Barrow-downs|Tyrn Gorthad]].<ref>{{App|Eriador}}, ''The North-kingdom and the Dúnedain'', entry for King Argeleb II, p. 1041</ref> In {{TA|1974|n}}, he felt that his power was sufficiently restored to begin the advance.<br />
<br />
His attack was sudden, but not unexpected. King [[Arvedui]] sent a message to King [[Eärnil II]] of [[Gondor]] the year before, but help did not arrive in time. [[Fornost Erain]] fell, and the Witch-king took up residence there in the palace.<ref name=Eärnil>{{App|Gondor}}, entry for King Eärnil II, p. 1051</ref> Arvedui held out as best as he might on the [[North Downs]], but at last fled north with the treasured ''[[palantíri]]'' of [[Amon Sûl-stone|Amon Sûl]] and [[Annúminas-stone|Annúminas]]. He would not return, for he perished in a shipwreck in {{TA|1975|n}}. With him the ''palantíri'' were lost forever in the icy seas of [[Forod]]. The already-diminished North-kingdom ended, and [[Arnor]] fell.<ref name=Arvedui>{{App|Eriador}}, ''The North-kingdom and the Dúnedain'', entry for King Arvedui and entry for Chieftain Aranarth, pp. 1041-3</ref><br />
<br />
Meanwhile, a coalition in the south had formed. Eärnil sent his son, [[Eärnur]], north with a great fleet, all that Gondor could spare. They arrived at [[Lindon]] and joined with the folk of Círdan. Círdan summoned all that would come: surviving Dúnedain of Arnor and elves of Lindon.<ref name=Eärnil/> Even a company of [[Hobbits|hobbit]] archers went to their aide.<ref>{{App|Eriador}}, ''The North-kingdom and the Dúnedain'', entry for King Arvedui, p. 1042</ref> The Witch-king had grown overconfident and, instead of staying behind his fortifications, initiated the attack. The [[Battle of Fornost]] was fought on the plain between [[Nenuial]] and the North Downs. The Witch-king may not have anticipated the strength brought against him, but for whatever reason the alliance gained the upper hand. His army began to fall back toward Fornost, but Eärnur’s magnificent horsemen struck from the north and the Witch-king was routed.<ref name=Eärnil/><br />
<br />
He decided to flee to Angmar and the safety of Carn Dûm, but the cavalry, with Eärnur himself in the lead, overtook him. Moreover, the ranks of the allies swelled, as an army of elves from [[Rivendell]] came led by the mighty hero of old, [[Glorfindel]]. Angmar was purged of men and orcs, and all seemed lost for the Witch-king in the face of such numbers. But the Witch-king himself came at the last, robed and masked in black and riding a black horse, and attempted to kill Eärnur with his own hands. But Eärnur’s horse shied away and fled, and the Witch-king laughed. But Glorfindel came on his white horse, and faced with such power the Witch-king fled. He vanished into the shadows and no-one marked where he had gone.<ref name=Eärnil/><br />
<br />
Eärnur wanted to pursue, but Glorfindel held him back and made his famous prophecy.<br />
<br />
{{Blockquote|He will not return to this land. Far off yet is his doom, and not by the hand of man will he fall.|Glorfindel, ''[[The Return of the King]]'', [[Appendix A]] (iv)}}<br />
<br />
=== Lord of Minas Morgul ===<br />
[[File:Alan Lee - The Witch-king.jpg|thumb|''The Witch-king'' by [[Alan Lee]]]]<br />
The Witch-king escaped to [[Mordor]], and gathered the other Ringwraiths about him in {{TA|1980|n}}. Angmar and Carn Dûm were lost, and so in {{TA|2000|n}} the Ringwraiths began a [[Second Fall of Minas Ithil|two-year siege]] of [[Minas Ithil]], eventually capturing the place and turning it into his residence. The wraiths sent an aura of fear in [[Gondor]], and much of [[Ithilien]] was deserted.<ref name=gondor/><br />
<br />
Eärnur succeeded his father as King of Gondor, and still held the Witch-king in especial hostility due to his humiliation at the Battle of Fornost. [[Third Age 2043|The year]] of his coronation the Witch-king sent him a taunting challenge, but [[Mardil]] the [[steward]] restrained Eärnur from rash action. [[Third Age 2050|Seven years later]] the challenge was repeated, and Eärnur rode with a small escort to Minas Morgul; none ever returned, and there was no longer a King in Gondor.<ref name=gondor>{{App|Gondor}}</ref><br />
<br />
After this the Witch-king bided his time. He and the Nazgûl built up their armies, including the terrible new orc-race of [[Uruks]]. In {{TA|2475|n}} he sent them out to capture [[Osgiliath]], which they did successfully. They were driven out by [[Boromir (Steward of Gondor)|Boromir]], [[Ruling Steward|Steward]] of [[Gondor]], who led campaigns to recapture Ithilien, but Osgiliath now lay completely in ruins and the region was left devastated and depopulated. Boromir was a great captain, and even the Witch-king feared him, but he was felled by a Morgul-wound and his rule was but twelve years.<ref>{{App|Stewards}}, entry for Steward Boromir, p. 1053</ref><br />
<br />
=== Hunt for the Ring ===<br />
Sauron declared himself openly in {{TA|2951|n}}, and sent three of his Ringwraiths to [[Dol Guldur]] (though the Witch-king was left in Minas Morgul). Then, by lucky chance, the creature [[Gollum]] was captured and interrogated. Under torture, the wretched creature revealed the tale of [[the One Ring]] and how it came to be in his possession. But from his words, Sauron misunderstood that the land of the hobbits who stole the Ring was on the banks of the [[Gladden River]], whence Gollum originally came from.<ref name="thirteen">{{UT|Hunt}}, p. 338-341</ref> Sauron sent the Nine, under the leadership of the Witch-king, invisible and uncloaked, to search for the Ring after the assault of Osgiliath.<br />
<br />
[[Khamûl]], the Witch-king’s lieutenant, reported that he was unable to find the “[[the Shire|Shire]]” in the vales of [[Anduin]]. The Witch-king was determined to search north and west until Gollum was found, or the Shire. But plans were halted when Sauron received word of the events in Gondor and the doings of the turncoat [[Saruman]], and concluded that the Wise did not yet have possession of the Ring. He sent the Ringwraiths to [[Isengard]] in the form of [[Nazgûl|Black Riders]], and as they passed through Rohan their terror was so great that many fled the land, believing the Riders heralded an invasion. <br />
<br />
They arrived at Isengard too late to prevent the escape of the captured wizard [[Gandalf]]; Saruman realized he had been revealed as a traitor to both sides due to his transparent lust for the Ring, and having no chance of deceiving Sauron any further, fortified himself in Isengard. The Witch-king did not have enough power with him to assault Saruman in his great fortress. He demanded the Wizard come forth, but received only the voice of Saruman. Nonetheless cunning and wary, Saruman convinced the Witch-king that Gandalf alone knew where the Shire and the Ring were, and so the Nine went out in search of him.<ref name="thirteen"/><br />
<br />
The Ringwraiths came upon the traitor called [[Gríma|Wormtongue]] and questioned him. The terrified man told them everything he knew; that Gandalf had passed through Rohan, where the Shire was, and even that Saruman had lied to them. The Witch-king spared Wormtongue’s life, foreseeing that Wormtongue would bring ruin to Saruman. He divided his wraiths into four pairs, and went with the swiftest to [[Minhiriath]]. Along the way they captured several spies of Saruman, and found to their delight charts and maps of the Shire. They sent along the spy to [[Bree]], warning them that they now belonged to Mordor, not Saruman.<ref name="thirteen"/><br />
[[File:Francesco Amadio - Amon Sul.jpg|thumb|left|220px|''Amon Sul'' by [[:Category:Images by Francesco Amadio|Francesco Amadio]]]]<br />
They came to [[Sarn Ford]], but the [[Dúnedain]] [[Rangers of the North|Rangers]] prevented them from crossing. The Rangers sent for their captain, [[Aragorn II]], as he was away, but defeating the Nazgûl was a task beyond the power of the Dúnedain, and may have been so even had Aragorn been present; the Ringwraiths attacked at night, capturing the ford and killing many of the Rangers. A few survivors fled northward to warn Aragorn of the wraiths' approach, but were pursued and slain or driven off into the wilds.<ref name="thirteen"/> The Witch-king sent three Ringwraiths under Khamûl into the Shire while he went east with the others.<ref>{{App|Great}}, entry for the year 3018, September 22, p. 1091</ref> But they had come too late: the Ring had moved on in the hands of a hobbit, [[Frodo Baggins]].<ref name=Knife>{{FR|Knife}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Pursuit of the Ring ===<br />
Khamûl was unsuccessful, but brought word from the spy they had spared in Bree. The man had witnessed a vanishing act on Frodo's part, and had organized an attack on the inn. The Witch-king assumed that Frodo would head east to [[Rivendell]], and sent four wraiths to [[Weathertop]],<ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 164-6</ref> the ruins of the tower he had destroyed long ago. He went south along the [[Greenway]] and discovered nothing. Gandalf followed them, but the Witch-king let him slip ahead, and attacked him on Weathertop. Gandalf escaped at dawn, and again the Witch-king divided his force and sent four after the wizard while he and Khamûl remained near Weathertop to watch it.<ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 167-8</ref><br />
<br />
The chieftain of the Dúnedain, Aragorn II, had become the guide of the hobbits, and led them to Weathertop, where they were spotted and attacked by the Ringwraiths led by the Witch-king. The Witch-king advanced on Frodo, and the terrified hobbit put on the Ring, seeing the wraiths as they truly were. The Witch-king was taller than the others, with long hair and a crown set on his helm. When Frodo resisted the wraith's approach, and invoked the name of [[Varda|Elbereth]], the Witch-king stabbed Frodo in the shoulder.<ref name=Knife/> The tip of his [[Morgul-knife|blade]] broke off and remained in Frodo's shoulder.<ref>{{FR|Meetings}}, pp. 221-2</ref> Then Aragorn counterattacked with flaming brands.<ref name=Knife/> The Witch-king departed with the other Nazgûl, believing that his objective was completed.<br />
<br />
He resumed the pursuit quickly, though,<ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from ''The Hunt for the Ring'', pp. 180-1</ref> and found that Khamûl had been driven from the [[Last Bridge]] by his old enemy [[Glorfindel]]. The Witch-king, who only had one companion with him, was likewise unable to confront him openly.<ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 194</ref> They regrouped and went south, rejoining with the other four. They managed to pick up the trail of the company of the Ring, and despite hindrance from Glorfindel and Aragorn managed to pursue Frodo alone on [[Asfaloth]]. The pursuit came to the [[Ford of Bruinen]], and there Frodo compelled the horse to stop. The Witch-king saw his defiance and laughed, breaking his sword with a movement of his hand. But the waters of the [[Bruinen]] rose at [[Elrond]]'s command, sweeping the Nine downstream.<ref name="fourteen">{{FR|Flight}}</ref><ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 195-6</ref><br />
<br />
=== War of the Ring ===<br />
[[File:Angus McBride - Gandalf facing Witch-king.gif|thumb|''Gandalf facing the Witch-king'' by [[Angus McBride]]]]<br />
The Witch-king took the only surviving horse back to [[Mordor]], arriving there in December. In addition, help was sent to the other eight Nazgûl when they were on their way back.<ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from a manuscript of The Hunt for the Ring, p. 262</ref> In [[Minas Morgul]] they prepared for a grand invasion of [[Gondor]] at the order of their master. The Witch-king was given by Sauron added "demonic" force.<ref name="fifteen">{{L|210}}, p. 272</ref> On 10 March {{TA|3019|n}},<ref>{{App|Great}}, entry for the year 3019, March 10, p. 1093</ref> the signal was given and Minas Morgul was emptied. The Witch-king rode at the head of the army clothed in black with a crown on his hooded head. As the Witch-king passed out of the gates of the dead city in the direction of Ithilien, he stopped, probably sensing the presence of [[The One Ring|the One Ring]], but he continued riding down the road after a while.<ref>{{TT|Stairs}}, p. 706</ref><br />
<br />
The army from Minas Morgul commanded by the Witch-king was reinforced by regiments of [[Haradrim]] outnumbered the forces of [[Faramir]], [[Ruling Steward|Steward]] [[Denethor|Denethor II]]'s son, who defended the fords over the river [[Anduin]] at [[Osgiliath]] ten times and soon managed to cross the river in a large numbers of floats and barges, which they had secretly built on the eastern side of Osgiliath on the eastern side of the river. As a consequence, Faramir retreated with his men to the [[Causeway Forts]] at the [[Rammas Echor]].<ref name="Siege">{{RK|Siege}}, p. 817</ref> The Rammas Echor was breached, and the [[Pelennor Fields]] were overrun. Other wraiths he sent out mounted on [[Fell beasts]]. Faramir was wounded by a dart and the [[Black Breath|black breath]], but his company was saved by a sortie. Then the Witch-king laid siege to [[Minas Tirith]] itself, sending fire and the heads of the dead Gondorians into the city via catapults. Then he launched the assault.<br />
<br />
He sent [[Grond (battering ram)|Grond]] out first, accompanying it in person so as to be the first to enter the city. Three times Grond struck the gate, empowered by the sorcery of the Witch-king. The third time the Gate shattered in a flash of fire. The Witch-king passed into Minas Tirith, but was confronted by Gandalf on [[Shadowfax]]. Gandalf forbade him entry, but the Witch-king laughed and put on a show of power.<br />
<br />
{{Blockquote|The Black Rider flung back his hood, and behold! he had a kingly crown; and yet upon no head visible was it set. The red fires shone between it and the mantled shoulders vast and dark. From a mouth unseen there came a deadly laughter.<br>'Old fool!' he said. 'Old fool! This is my hour. Do you not know Death when you see it? Die now and curse in vain!' And with that he lifted high his sword and flames ran down the blade.|''[[The Return of the King]]'', "[[The Siege of Gondor]]"}}<br />
<br />
=== Fall ===<br />
[[File:Alarie - Eowyn and the Witchking 2.jpg|thumb|left|''Éowyn and the Witch-king'' by [[:Category:Images by Alarie|Alarie]]]]<br />
As Gandalf stood resolute before the Witch-king, the [[Rohirrim]] arrived. Thus he departed, mounting a fell beast and descending upon King [[Théoden]] who led the attack. [[Snowmane]], the King's horse, collapsed with a dart in the side, and Théoden was crushed beneath him. But the rider [[Dernhelm]] defied the Witch-king. The Witch-king threatened Dernhelm with a terrible death, but the rider revealed that she was a woman, [[Éowyn]], and the Witch-king remembered the words of Glorfindel. He hesitated, but then moved forward. Éowyn decapitated the fell beast, but the Witch-king rose and struck her down with his mace, breaking her shield-arm. Then the hobbit [[Meriadoc Brandybuck]] stabbed him in the sinew of his leg with the [[Daggers of Westernesse|blade of Westernesse]] (though there was much pain in Meriadoc's arm afterwards), as he drew back to kill the woman. Then Éowyn rose and drove her sword through where his invisible head was, and the sword broke as his crown toppled. The Witch-king gave a great and horrible wail, perishing at last (in the [[Letters]] it is said he was “reduced to impotence”).<ref name="Pelennor">{{RK|Battle}}</ref><br />
<br />
So the prophecy of Glorfindel was fulfilled, for the Witch-king did not fall at the hands of a man, but that of [[Éowyn|a woman]]; and not by a [[Men|Man]] but [[Meriadoc Brandybuck|a Halfling]]. With his defeat, and the coming of Aragorn II in the black ships, the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]] was lost by Sauron.<br />
<br />
== Other versions of the legendarium ==<br />
In the early versions of the story, the Witch King was planned to survive the Pelennor Fields battle and appear as the ambassador at the [[Black Gate]] instead of the [[Mouth of Sauron]].<ref>{{WR|3|XIII}}</ref> In early manuscripts he even survived after [[Frodo]] has thrown the Ring in [[Sammath Naur]], blocking the door and saying: “Here we all end together”. At this point, either Sam appears at his back and stabs him, or Frodo commands him to follow the Ring leaping into the Chasm of Fire.<ref>{{SD|1|Mordor}}</ref><ref>{{HM|RC}}, “[[Mount Doom]]”</ref><br />
<br />
In the rare manuscript ''[[The Hunt for the Ring|The Hunt for the Ring: Time Scheme - Black Riders]]'', Tolkien speculates that the Witch-King might be afraid of Frodo, as he invoked [[Elbereth]] (a “name of terror for the Nazgûl”) and he could have slain the Barrow-wight.<ref name=RC>{{HM|RC}}, "Flight to the Ford", p. 180</ref><br />
<br />
== Etymology ==<br />
While in modern English ''witch'' has mostly female connotations, referring to a hag or sorceress, in middle-English <br />
''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witch_(word) wicche]'' had no gender distinction; the preference of ''witch'' for female persons (the males referred more usually as ''wizzards'') evolved later through the centuries. Tolkien uses the archaic, gender-unspecific meaning of the term, which was "a man who practises witchcraft or magic; a magician, sorcerer or wizard".<ref>{{HM|RC}}, p. 21 citing from the 'Oxford English Dictionary'</ref><br />
<br />
== Other names ==<br />
* Witch-king of Angmar<ref>{{App|Gondor}}, entry for King Eärnil II, p. 1050</ref> - "Witch" most likely coming from his background in sorcery, and "king" after his establishment of the realm of Angmar in 1300.<br />
* Witch-lord of Angmar<ref>{{FR|Hobbits}}, p. 5</ref><br />
* Lord of the Nazgûl<ref>{{RK|Siege}}, p. 819 and p. 829</ref><ref>{{RK|Battle}}, pp. 839-40</ref><br />
* Lord of the Ringwraiths<ref>{{RK|Tower}}, p. 900</ref><ref>{{RK|Shadow}}, p. 919</ref><br />
* Chieftain of the Ringwraiths<ref>{{UT|Black}}</ref><br />
* Lord of the Nine Riders<ref name=Stairs>{{TT|Stairs}}, p. 706</ref><br />
* King of the Nine Riders<ref>{{TT|Stairs}}, p. 708</ref><br />
* Wraith-lord<ref name=Stairs/><br />
* Wraith-king<ref>{{TT|Stairs}}, p. 707</ref><br />
* High Nazgûl<ref>{{TT|Choices}}, p. 738</ref><br />
* King of Minas Morgul<ref name=Eärnur>{{App|Gondor}}, entry for King Eärnur, p. 1052</ref><br />
* Lord of Morgul<ref name=Eärnur/><br />
* Morgul-lord<ref>{{FR|Meetings}}, p. 220</ref><br />
* Black Captain<ref>{{RK|Siege}}, p. 817 and p. 829</ref><ref>{{RK|Ride}}, p. 837</ref><ref>{{RK|Battle}}, p. 842</ref><br />
* Captain of Despair<ref>{{RK|Siege}}, p. 819</ref><br />
* [[Dwimmerlaik]]<ref name=Eowyn>{{RK|Battle}}, p. 841</ref><br />
* Lord of carrion<ref name=Eowyn/><br />
* Number One<ref>{{RK|Shadow}}, p. 925</ref><br />
<br />
== Inspiration ==<br />
An undead witch-king named ''Þráinn'' appears in ''[[:Wikipedia:Hrómundar saga Gripssonar|Hrómundar saga Gripssonar]]''. It is possible that this was Tolkien's source of inspiration.{{fact}}<br />
<br />
<!-- I think that the Shapeskearean inspiration is told in Carpenter's biography --><br />
The prophecy that the Witch-king would fall "not by the hand of man" and the fulfillment of the prophecy occurring as a technicality (being slain by a hobbit and a woman) bears a striking resemblance to the prophecy regarding the title character's death in Shakespeare's ''Macbeth'', where it was foretold that Macbeth will be slain "not by man born of woman" and is then killed by Macduff, born by caesarian section. Tolkien was familiar with the play, having reputedly taken inspiration for the Last March of the Ents from the same source (See article ''[[Ents]]'' for details).<br />
<br />
== Portrayal in adaptations == <br />
The Witch-king's true name is never given, and therefore among [[Tolkien fandom|Tolkien fans]], the Witch-king is often simply called ''Angmar'', after the name of the realm he founded and led. It is possible that he was one of the three [[Black Númenóreans]] Tolkien stated had become Nazgûl, or possibly [[Isilmo]], a Númenórean prince and father of Tar-Minastir. This possibility was adopted by the now defunct [[Middle-earth Role Playing]] game and [[Mithril Miniatures]] where he is named ''Er-Murazor'', a Númenórean prince and younger son of [[Tar-Ciryatan]]. <br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=The Witch-king in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=200<br />
|lines=3<br />
|File:The Return of the King (1980 film) - Witch-King.jpg|The Witch-king in [[The Return of the King (1980 film)|''The Return of the King'' (1980 film)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings - The Return of the King - Witch-king.jpg|The Witch-king in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]''<br />
|File:Witchking ea rotk.jpg|The Witch-king from [[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King'' (video game)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings online Shadows of Angmar - Witch-king 1.jpg|The Witch-king in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings War in the North - Witch-king of Angmar.png|The Witch-king in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]''<br />
|File:Shadow of War - The Witch King.png|The Witch-king in ''[[Middle-earth: Shadow of War]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== Films ===<br />
'''1978: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]:'''<br />
:The Witch-king is shown with no distinction from the other [[Nazgûl|Ringwraiths]]; all are robed in brown and black, and none seem to be able to talk clearly.<br />
<br />
'''1980: [[The Return of the King (1980 film)|''The Return of the King'' (1980 film)]]:'''<br />
:The Witch-king is portrayed as a humanoid figure with no head. Red eyes glare under a golden crown. His dialogue is more or less as in the books, albeit in a strange and somewhat unfitting electronic voice. After a stab from behind by [[Meriadoc Brandybuck|Merry]], [[Éowyn]] beheads him. It is worthy of note that the Witch-king is seen with the [[Red Eye]] of [[Barad-dûr]] as his emblem and faction, rather than the grim moon of [[Minas Morgul]]. <br />
<br />
'''2001-03: [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
:The Witch-king is called the "Witch-king of [[Angmar]]", the "Lord of the [[Nazgûl]]", and the "Greatest of the Nine" by [[Gandalf]] in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King|The Return of the King]]''; however, no other mention of the kingdom of Angmar itself is made. Also, in that film, there is no mention of [[Glorfindel]]'s prophecy; there is only a claim among the enemy that "no man can kill" the Witch-king. Like the other Nazgûl, he is depicted as a humanoid figure shrouded in a hooded black robe; his only distinguishing feature is a mask-like spiked helmet with a huge mouth. His first mention is when Gandalf tells [[Peregrin Took|Pippin]] while in Minas Tirith that the Dark Lord has not yet revealed his "deadliest" servant: the Witch-king, the one that "stabbed [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo]] on [[Weathertop]]". <br />
<br />
:During the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]], the Witch-king's army uses the ram [[Grond (battering ram)|Grond]] to break through the city gates early in the battle (after the failure of a lesser ram), and the Witch-king is not present to confront Gandalf as he is in the book. The confrontation takes place later, as Pippin and Gandalf race to the tombs to save [[Faramir]], and the Witch-king intercepts them. Unlike in the book, this meeting decisively favors the Witch-king, who breaks Gandalf's staff and throws the wizard to the ground before leaving to deal with the arrival of the [[Rohirrim]]. Gandalf's face shows obvious fear in this scene, in comparison to the resolution (for "victory or death") in the books.<br />
<br />
:The Witch-king's final stand on the battlefield occurs with less dialogue than in the book, and the weapons used to defeat him are both mundane: Merry's sword is not a [[Daggers of Westernesse|dagger]] from the [[Barrow-downs]], but rather the Rohirric sword that [[Théoden]] had as a child. This does makes it somewhat confusing in the film whether the Witch-King was truly destroyed in this fight (as he was in the book), or whether we was temporarily incapacitated (as at the ford of Bruinen) and later perished along with his fellow Nazgul due to the One Ring's destruction.<br />
<br />
:Eight actors are known to have played some part of the Witch-king. <br />
# An unidentified extra portrayed the "King of Men" in the prologue. He was chosen to be the Witch-king simply because he was the smallest of the nine.<br />
# [[Shane Rangi]] did the horse chase. <br />
# [[Fran Walsh]] provided the "Ringwraith scream".<br />
# Effects technician Ben Price played the Witch-king in "many scenes"<ref>http://www.decipher.com/content/2004/07/072904lotrwetaprops.html</ref><br />
# [[Brent McIntyre]] is officially credited as the Witch-king in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring|The Fellowship of the Ring]]''. He stabbed Frodo.<br />
# [[Lawrence Makoare]] filled the robe of the Witch-king in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King|The Return of the King]]''.<br />
# [[Mark Ferguson]] filled the heavy armoured costume when Makoare felt claustrophobic.<ref>http://www.markferguson.net/articles/interview_Nautilus20.html</ref><br />
# [[Andy Serkis]] provided the voice of the Witch-king in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]''.<br />
<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series) ]]:'''<br />
:The Witch-king is mentioned to have been defeated years ago, and his body sealed by the "Men of the North" in a very deep and dark tomb in the "[[High Fells of Rhudaur]]". His [[wraith]], apparently summoned by the [[Sauron#Sauron's Return|Necromancer]], is encountered by [[Radagast]] in the ruins of [[Dol Guldur]], but the [[Wizards|Wizard]] fends him off and salvages the Witch-king's [[Morgul-knife|Morgul blade]] in the struggle.<br />
<br />
:In the [[Attack on Dol Guldur]], The Witch-King, along with the other Nazgûl, participates by fighting [[Saruman]] and [[Elrond]], members of the [[White Council]]. In the end, he and the other Nine are driven back to [[Mordor]] by [[Galadriel]] and her [[Phial of Galadriel|phial]], [[Sauron|his master]] also eventually following suit.<br />
<br />
:No actor is known to have played the Witch-king in this film series.<br />
<br />
=== Television ===<br />
'''1993: [[Hobitit|''Hobitit'']]:'''<br />
:The Witch-king is shown without distinction of the other Nazgûl. He was portrayed through computer-graphics.<br />
<br />
=== Radio series ===<br />
'''1956: [[The Lord of the Rings (1955 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1955 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:The Black Captain is played by [[Felix Felton]].<ref name="RT1727">Radio Times, Volume 133, No. 1727, [[14 December|December 14]], [[1956]]</ref><br />
<br />
'''1981: [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:The role of The Lord of the Nazgul, as he is always credited in this production, is expanded with material from ''[[The Hunt for the Ring]]''. He is the second speaking character in the series: he is the one who captures [[Gollum]], though he is not identified as such until the credits. [[Philip Voss]] provided the voice for The Lord of the Nazgul.<br />
<br />
'''1992: [[Der Herr der Ringe (1992 German radio series)|''Der Herr der Ringe'' (1992 German radio series)]]:'''<br />
:The Witch-king of Angmar is played by Christian Mey. The character is credited as the Lord of the Nazgul.<br />
<br />
'''2001-2003: [[Pán prsteňov (2001-2003 Slovak radio series)|''Pán prsteňov'' (2001-2003 Slovak radio series)]]:'''<br />
:The voice of the Witch-king of Angmar is provided by Jozef Švoňavský. The character is credited only as the Lord of the Nazgul, not by his Witch-king epithet.<br />
<br />
=== Games ===<br />
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:The Witch-king is shown without distinction of the other Nazgûl.<br />
<br />
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King'' (video game)]]'':'''<br />
:The Witch-king's role and voice are similar to that of the film, but his appearance is different. An early helmet design, that had been removed from the film because it resembled [[Sauron]]'s helm too much, was used here, presumably because there was no time to make a new character model.<br />
<br />
'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Witch-King is one the main "Hero" units for the Servants of Sauron, his signature ability is being able to turn Wights into Nazgûl. The evil campaign storyline shows him reclaiming Dol Guldur for Sauron.<br />
<br />
'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth]]'':'''<br />
:Witch-King is a "Hero" unit for Mordor faction. He is an airborne unit riding on a Fell Beast and one of the strongest units in the game.<br />
<br />
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''<br />
:In addition to his appearance from the first game, the Witch-King can now also dismount and become a landscape unit armed with a mace. <br />
<br />
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:The Witch-king is a non-playable character present in several scenes. His most memorable appearance takes place in the Great Barrow within the Barrow-Downs. There are also multiple references to him in quest dialogue, the most notable is that the Witch-King for whatever reason cannot return to rule [[Carn Dum]] and instead has erected a Steward named [[Mordirith]] to rule in his place, in mockery of the Stewards of Gondor.<br />
<br />
'''2009: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: Conquest]]'':'''<br />
:In the campaign for the "Evil" side, the Witch-King is revived by other Nazgûl right before Sauron reclaims The One Ring.<br />
<br />
''''2011: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'':'''<br />
:The Witch-king appears in a flashback of the playable characters during the prologue of the game. He and the other [[Nazgûl]] attack and destroy the [[Rangers of the North|Ranger]] camp at [[Sarn Ford]]. Shortly after he speaks with [[Agandaûr]], who explains that he has assembled an army in [[Fornost]]. The Witch-king commands him to return and attack immediately, to aid in the [[Hunt of the Ring]].<ref>[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]], ''Prologue''</reF><br />
<br />
''''2017: ''[[Middle-earth: Shadow of War]]'':'''<br />
:The Witch-king is featured in the game. Voiced by Matthew Mercer, he serves as the main antagonist of the game. At the bidding of Sauron, he leads the siege on the city of Minas Ithil, making an adversary out of [[Talion]], in whom he takes a particular interest. Ensnaring General Castamir by promising the safety of his daughter, Idril, the Witch-king conquers the city for the Dark Lord. Using a [[palantír]] within Minas Ithil - now Minas Morgul - he sees that [[Celebrimbor]]'s New Ring is in [[Shelob]]'s hands. The Witch-king reveals what he has learned to his master, who rewards his allegiance with the reins of Minas Morgul and sends him to retrieve the New Ring.<ref>[[Middle-earth: Shadow of War]], ''Prologue''</reF><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
*[[Nazgûl|Ringwraiths]]<br />
<br />
{{references|n}}<br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
|race=evil<br />
|house=[[Nazgûl]] of [[Sauron]]<br />
|born=Before {{SA|2251}}<br />
|died=[[15 March]], {{TA|3019}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
|pvac=None<br />
|prev=Title established<br />
|list=King of [[Angmar]]<br />
|dates={{TA|1300}} - {{TA|1975|n}}<br />
|next=Title abolished<br />
|nvac=None<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
{{lordoftheringsfilms}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:Nazgûl]]<br />
[[Category:Second Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Servants of Sauron]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Der Hexenkönig von Angmar]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/hommes/3a/nazgul/roi-sorcier]]<br />
[[fi:Noitakuningas]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Saruman&diff=385364Saruman2024-02-03T15:11:10Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{sources}}<br />
{{maiar infobox<br />
| name=Saruman<br />
| image=[[File:John Howe - Saruman.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Saruman" by [[John Howe]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=''Curumo, Tarindor'' ([[Quenya|Q]])<br />''Curunír 'Lân'' ([[Sindarin|S]])<br />[[the White]], [[the Wise]], the [[Ring-maker]], of [[Many Colours]], [[Sharkey]]<br />
| titles=[[Lord of Isengard]]<br />
| position=Chief of the [[Heren Istarion]]<br />Head of the [[White Council]]<br />
| location=[[Orthanc]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Aulë]]<br/>[[Istari]] (Wizards)<br/>White Council<br/>[[Sauron]]<br />
| language=<br />
| birth=<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule={{TA|2759}} - {{TA|3019|n}}<br />
| death=[[3 November]], {{TA|3019}} (existed in [[Middle-earth]] for 2019 years)<br />
| deathlocation=[[Hobbiton]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Tall<br />
| hair=White with strands of black<ref name="Voice">{{TT|Voice}}</ref><br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=White robes, shimmering with many colours<br />
| weapons=Staff<br/>Knife<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{quote|[Saruman] is great among the Wise. He is the chief of my order and the head of the Council. His knowledge is deep, but his pride has grown with it, and he takes ill any meddling. The lore of the Elven-rings, great and small, is his province. He has long studied it, seeking the lost secrets of their making...|[[Gandalf]] in ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', "[[The Shadow of the Past]]"}}<br />
<br />
'''Saruman the White''' was the first of the order of [[Wizards]] (or ''[[Istari]]'') who came to [[Middle-earth]] as Emissaries of the [[Valar]] in the [[Third Age]]. For a time he was the chief of the Wizards, as well as the head of the [[White Council]]. However, through his appreciation of [[Sauron]]'s innate strength, his envy of [[Gandalf]] and his overbearing hubris, the White Wizard fell into mimicry of the [[Dark Lord]] as his capable yet faithless servant, plotting to share in his power or to two-facedly seize the [[One Ring]] first. <br />
<br />
Both at Sauron's whim and for his own ambitions, Saruman coordinated assaults from his [[Orthanc]] tower in [[Isengard]] against the realm of [[Rohan]] during the [[War of the Ring]], while sapping the kingdom through his agent Gríma. However, the corrupted Wizard's legions were vanquished and he was forced to remain a prisoner in his own tower, though not for long. Allowed to leave Orthanc, he travelled to the [[Shire]], which his outlaw pawns had gained control over, and became the hidden local thug lord. Saruman was again defeated by the rallied, oppressed Hobbits and he himself was backstabbed by Gríma for his mistreatment. His unbodied spirit was denied the [[West]] and fled naked and impotent, a fate not unlike that of Sauron.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
=== Early history ===<br />
As a [[Maia]], Saruman was created by [[Ilúvatar]] before the [[Music of the Ainur]].<ref name="Ainu">{{S|Ainu}}</ref> In his early days in [[Valinor]], he went by the name ''[[Curumo]]''<ref>{{UT|Istari}}, note 6</ref> or ''Tarindor''.<ref name=Cuv/> Like Sauron, he was a powerful Maia of [[Aulë]].<ref>{{S|Vala}}</ref><br />
<br />
After the Valar discovered the primaeval [[Elves]] at [[Cuiviénen]], Tarindor was one of the [[Five Guardians]] sent to protect the Elves from the forces of [[Melkor]].<ref name=Cuv>{{NM|P1xiii}}, p. 95</ref> It is unclear how long he remained or if he accompanied the [[Eldar]] on the [[Great Journey]].<br />
<br />
=== Return to Middle-earth ===<br />
After the defeat of Morgoth, the Valar grew concerned about the rising power of Sauron in Middle-earth. In Valinor, a council was called by [[Manwë]], where it was decided to send Maiar as emissaries to Middle-earth to help the [[Free Peoples]] challenge Sauron. The council likely met in the middle of the Second Age, shortly after the creation of the [[Rings of Power]]. The council determined that these emissaries (who became known as the Istari or Wizards) should be "mighty, peers of Sauron, yet [they should] forgo might, and clothe themselves in flesh so as to treat on equality and win the trust of Elves and Men."<ref name=Istari>{{UT|Istari}}</ref>{{rp|393}} Curumo, who was sent to the council by Aulë, volunteered to travel to Middle-earth as an emissary; he was appointed the first Istar and became the chief of their Order.<ref name=Istari />{{rp|389, 394}}<br />
<br />
Even before arriving in Middle-earth, Curumo begrudged his peers among the Istari. ''[[Gandalf|Olórin]]'' (later called Gandalf), who did not wish to travel to Middle-earth, was commanded by Manwë to go as the third Istar. Saruman's jealousy of Gandalf began here, when [[Varda]] said of Gandalf that he was "not the third". Saruman was charged to take [[Aiwendil]] (later called Radagast) with him to please [[Yavanna]], which he did not wish to do, and this led to his contempt for the latter Wizard.<ref name=Istari />{{rp|393}}<br />
<br />
In Middle-earth, Curomo became known in [[Sindarin]] as ''[[Curunír]]'' and in [[Westron]] by his most common name, ''Saruman''. Like the other Wizards, his [[fana]] took the appearance of an old man. He had raven hair and was robed in white.<ref name=Istari />{{rp|393}}<br />
<br />
Saruman and others of the Istari arrived in Middle-earth on a ship at [[Mithlond]] (the [[Grey Havens]]) in [[Lindon]] around the year 1000 of the Third Age.<ref name=Istari /> At the time of their arrival, their origin, nature, purpose, and true names were a secret to nearly everyone in Middle-earth. Having witnessed their arrival, [[Círdan]] alone knew the truth of their identity and origin. He chose to give [[Narya]], the Red Ring, to Gandalf to aid him in his mission.<ref name="AppTA">{{App|TA}}</ref> Círdan told only [[Galadriel]] and [[Elrond]] of the true origins of the Istari.<ref name="SV"/> After a time, Saruman learned of Círdan's gift and begrudged it; this heightened the hidden ill-will that he bore towards Gandalf.<ref name=Istari/><br />
<br />
Shortly after arriving, Saruman travelled into the [[East]] of Middle-earth, as did the two [[Blue Wizards]]. After one and a half millennia he returned to the West, just as Sauron's power was growing again in [[Dol Guldur]].<br />
<br />
=== Chief of the White Council ===<br />
[[File:Angus McBride - Saruman.gif|thumb|''Saruman'' by [[Angus McBride]]]]<br />
When the White Council was formed around {{TA|2463}}<ref name="AppTA"/>, Saruman was appointed its leader despite Galadriel's wishes that Gandalf be leader. Even then, he had begun to sense the resurgence of Sauron and to envy and desire his power, and especially his One Ring. Coincidentally, in that same year, the One Ring was found by the creature [[Gollum]]<ref name="AppTA"/>, drawing the Dark Lord closer to the conflict that would eventually prove Saruman's undoing.<br />
<br />
During this period, Saruman spent years in [[Minas Tirith]] examining its archives. It is possible that there he surmised that a [[Palantíri|''palantír'']] would still be located in Orthanc, the tower of Isengard.<ref>{{UT|Palantiri}}</ref> He offered to make Isengard his home and to command the defences of the West. This was welcomed by King [[Fréaláf]] of Rohan and [[Ruling Steward|Steward]] [[Beren (Steward of Gondor)|Beren]] of [[Gondor]] alike. In {{TA|2759}}, Saruman was given the [[Key of Orthanc]] in the ring of Isengard his abode, hoping that he would prove an important ally.<ref name="SV">{{S|V}}</ref><Ref name=stew>{{App|Stewards}}</ref> There he became important in the defence of the free lands of the West. In Orthanc he came upon the [[Orthanc-stone]], one of the seven seeing stones, but kept it secret and hidden, particularly from the White Council.<ref name=AppEorl/> He would later betray the Council by concealing his use of it. <br />
<br />
In {{TA|2851}}, the White Council met and Gandalf revealed that the evil presence in Dol Guldur was indeed Sauron and that he had returned, and urged an attack there. Saruman however believed that Sauron would be useful in his quest: allowing Sauron to build up his strength, the One Ring would reveal itself, and Saruman hoped to have sufficient strength to seize it first himself until that event. With this strategy in mind, Saruman overruled Gandalf. It soon became clear that Saruman desired to possess the One Ring himself.<ref name=c250>{{FR|Council}} p. 250-51</ref><br />
<br />
He soon found that Sauron had more knowledge of the possible location of the One Ring than he expected, and in {{TA|2941}} he finally consented to an [[Attack on Dol Guldur]] against Sauron at which point Sauron retreated to [[Mordor]].<ref name=c250/><ref name=AppTA/><br />
[[File:Angus McBride - Dol Guldur.jpg|thumb|left|''Dol Guldur'' by [[Angus McBride]]]]<br />
In {{TA|2953}}, the [[Wise]] gathered once more to debate about the Rings of Power. Saruman quieted the Council claiming to have the knowledge that the One Ring was lost forever in the [[Belegaer]]. Following their final meeting (and the death of [[Turgon (Steward of Gondor)|Steward Turgon]]), Saruman took Isengard for his own and fortified it.<Ref name=stew/> Saruman, jealous and afraid of Gandalf, set spies to watch all his movements; thus he discovered the existence of the Shire and noted Gandalf's interest in it, and started sending agents in [[Bree]] and the [[Southfarthing]].<ref name="AppTA"/> As [[Lord of Isengard]], Saruman began to bring trouble to Rohan by aiding its enemies.<ref name="AppEorl">{{App|Eorl}}</ref> But the Wise were already suspicious about him; [[Aragorn]] tried to advise Steward [[Ecthelion II]] not to trust Saruman for his help against Sauron.<Ref name=stew/><br />
<br />
Sauron had declared himself openly in Mordor; he established contact with Saruman through the [[Ithil-stone]] his minions had captured from [[Minas Ithil]]. Through his jealousy towards Gandalf and his ever-growing pride and arrogance, and through the use of the ''palantír'', Saruman was ensnared by Sauron. Using either the knowledge of his new ally or lore of lost [[Eregion]], Saruman crafted his own lesser ring and sought to emulate Sauron. His corruption was complete around {{TA|3000}}.<ref name="AppTA"/> The Wizard intended to share in the Dark Lord's power one way or another; he would aid in Sauron's victory to win his approval and become his equal lieutenant, or cheat him and try to supplant him by acquiring the One Ring for himself. <br />
<br />
=== War of the Ring ===<br />
At about this time, in an attempt to control Rohan, Saruman bought the allegiance of King [[Théoden]]'s chief advisor, [[Gríma]], who then counselled the ailing king to do nothing about the steady resurgence of Sauron's armies. Saruman and Gríma's treachery would have crippled Rohan's military might and allowed Sauron lordship of the kingdom, had not Gandalf interfered a year later and revealed to Théoden his right-hand man's true designs, healing the old king and revitalising his political and military rule.<ref>{{TT|King}}</ref><br />
<br />
He had sent spies to negotiate the purchase of "[[pipe-weed|leaf]]" from the Shire, in preparation for the war, and also learn of any [[Hobbits]] who had departed recently in hopes of finding out who possessed the One Ring.<ref name="UT10">{{UT|10}}, "Concerning Gandalf, Saruman, and the Shire"</ref> <br />
<br />
Saruman did not reveal his true intentions until Gandalf presented him with the discovery and location of the One Ring. On [[10 July]], {{TA|3018}}, Gandalf arrived at Isengard.<ref name="AppGreat">{{App|Great}}</ref> Saruman demanded that Gandalf submit to him or to Sauron. Saruman then stood forth as [[Many Colours|Saruman of Many Colours]], and when Gandalf refused to join his new Lord or tell him of the Ring, he held him captive in Isengard. <br />
<br />
[[File:The Lord of the Rings - The Two Towers - Gríma and Saruman.jpg|thumb|left|Saruman commanding his forces from Orthanc as seen in the ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers]]'' film]]<br />
<br />
It must have been during Gandalf's captivity in Orthanc that Saruman began to assemble his following of [[Orcs]], [[Dunlendings]] and [[Uruk-hai]] into a massive army, since Gandalf came to an as yet undestroyed Isengard. From the pinnacle of the tower Gandalf could see that Saruman was gathering his hordes of Orcs and [[Wolves]] in his pits and forges, both in service and in competition of Sauron.<ref name="FRCouncil">{{FR|Council}}</ref> One can speculate that if matters had developed a little more slowly, his puppet Gríma would have gained full control over Rohan, and the [[Rohirrim]] would have been enslaved or destroyed.<br />
<br />
Saruman's plans likely failed because he, like Sauron, was forced to reveal his hand early by Gandalf's subsequent escape, and therefore he had little time to perfect his plans. As Saruman considered himself "unfallen", he honestly believed he had a chance of converting Gandalf to their side, and felt honestly betrayed by Gandalf when he was refused.{{fact}}<br />
<br />
Gandalf later escaped, and so Saruman's treachery and professed allegiance to Sauron became known to the rest of the White Council when Gandalf reported this during the subsequent [[Council of Elrond]].<ref name=FRCouncil/><br />
<br />
Saruman soon also betrayed his master, Sauron, by lying to the [[Witch-king]] when he arrived at Isengard. Sauron had sent the [[Nazgûl]] searching for [[Bilbo Baggins|Baggins]], who had found the One Ring years before, and the Shire, his home. Saruman pretended to know nothing about the Shire. But the Lord of Minas Morgul and his company did not have the strength to assault the Ring of Isengard. Saruman told them that he believed Gandalf knew the whereabouts of the Ring, and the Nazgûl departed.<ref>{{UT|Hunt}}</ref><br />
<br />
In September of {{TA|3018}}, the Nazgûl captured one of his Shire [[Squint-eyed southerner|spies]] who told the [[Witch-king]] everything, betraying Saruman, and exposing the Wizard's double treachery. They also seized some maps and information about the Shire and [[Baggins]].<ref name="UT10" /> Perceived as a turncoat by the Free Peoples and fearing being caught as an unfaithful vassal of Mordor, Saruman put all efforts into reassuring Sauron of his commitment or obtaining the One Ring for himself.<ref name="UTHunt">{{UT|Hunt}}</ref><br />
<br />
The failure to capture the Ring at [[Emyn Muil]] further ruined Saruman's plans, as he was revealed as a certain traitor to Sauron as well.<br />
<br />
[[File:Ted Nasmith - The Wrath of the Ents.jpg|thumb|''The Wrath of the Ents'' by [[Ted Nasmith]]]]<br />
<br />
Finding himself in a precarious position, Saruman could only hope to acquire the Ring or convince Sauron of his loyalty. Therefore he implemented an aggressive strategy of attacking Rohan, endeavouring to kill the King's son [[Théodred]], sending spies to waylay [[Frodo Baggins]] on his flight from the Shire, and dispatching raiding parties on likely routes a company of the Ring might take to Gondor. Ironically, one of these parties captured [[Peregrin Took]] and [[Meriadoc Brandybuck]] and transported them to [[Fangorn Forest]] in time to mobilise the [[Ents]]. Gandalf also suspected Saruman had found (and destroyed) the remains of [[Isildur]], who had worn the Ring before it had been lost.<br />
<br />
Saruman's Shire network failed to capture Frodo Baggins, Gandalf rallied Rohan to victory, [[Éomer]] stopped his brutal, but only partially successful raiding party, and control of Isengard was lost to the Ents. Aware he was utterly defeated, Saruman briefly considered repenting for his deeds, but at the last moment could not go through with it. Whether he had hope he could escape, whether he was too proud to surrender to Gandalf, whether he thought his master would pardon him, Saruman refused to leave the confines of his fortress. Saruman made a final attempt to woo Théoden and Gandalf to his cause but failed: his staff was broken and he was expelled from the Order of the Istari.<br />
<br />
Left out of the final stages of the War of the Ring and unable to be of any use to Sauron, he eventually managed to convince his captors, the Ents, to let him leave Isengard, as apparently the magic of his voice still remained. <br />
<br />
[[File:Matt Stewart - The Voice of Isengard.jpg|thumb|''The Voice of Isengard'' by [[:Category:Images by Matt Stewart|Matt Stewart]]]]<br />
<br />
On their way to northern [[Dunland]], on [[28 August]]<Ref name=chief>{{App|Chief}}</ref> they were confronted by Gandalf, [[Celeborn]], Galadriel and the Hobbits, but they passed as travelling beggars as Saruman kicked Gríma to move on, and he exclaimed how he hated his lord. Gandalf told Gríma that he was free to leave him but he did not reply. As Saruman was considered powerless, there was little concern for his escape.<ref name=Partings>{{RK|Partings}}</ref> On [[22 September]]<ref name=chief/> they entered to the Shire, which his ally [[Lotho Sackville-Baggins]] (undisturbed by events elsewhere) had brought under control. He established himself in [[Hobbiton]] and spent his final days as a small-time thug lord whom his [[ruffians]] called Sharkey, imposing a terror regime to avenge himself upon the peaceful Halflings. But even this operation fell apart after Frodo and [[Samwise Gamgee]] returned; he was eventually betrayed and killed by his own agent Gríma on [[3 November]], {{TA|3019}}.<br />
<br />
Saruman, who was a Maia, had lost his shape with his "death". As a discorporate spirit, he turned westward, but a wind came from the [[West]] and pushed him away. Apparently his spirit was left naked, powerless, and wandering in Middle-earth, not unlike Sauron after the One Ring was destroyed.<br />
<br />
== Characteristics ==<br />
[[File:Gregor Roffalski - Curunír.jpg|thumb|''Curunír'' by [[:Category:Images by Gregor Roffalski|Gregor Roffalski]]]]<br />
In appearance, Saruman was as an old man with black hair. At the end of the Third Age, his hair and beard had turned mostly white — he had only black hairs about his lips and ears. He was tall, his face was long, and his eyes were deep and dark. He would appear in a white cloak, a habit he later changed into a cloak that changed colours as he moved.<br />
<br />
He was not actually a [[Men|Man]], or even an Elf (as Men often suspected), but a Maia clothed in flesh — an Istar (see ''Origins'' above). As such, he was immortal and extremely powerful, yet had limits on how far these powers could be used. His two most salient powers were his knowledge and his voice. Saruman was, in a very real way, the junior brother of Sauron both having been Maia of Aulë, Valar of Smithcraft, in the very beginnings of time. The parallels between Sauron and Saruman in both character and actions are many.<br />
<br />
=== Powers ===<br />
Knowledge of the "deep arts" (or magic, such as it is in Middle-earth) was of particular interest to Saruman, especially when relating to power such as the Rings of Power and the far seeing ''palantíri''. He was also deeply learned in ancient lore regarding powerful kingdoms such as [[Númenor]], [[Gondor]], and [[Moria]]. <br />
<br />
His voice and speech were extremely convincing, more powerful than mere rhetoric. When he focused this power on a person or a group of people, he could sway their hearts, plant fears and sow lies as he pleased. According to the stature of the listener, this spell could last as long as the speech did, or it could take root in them and last forever. Saruman's voice was so powerful that he was able to convince the Witch-king that he knew nothing of the One-Ring or the Shire. His voice was not hypnotic, however, rather it was persuasive; and the real danger the voice posed to the listener was not them falling into a trance, but agreeing with it.<ref>{{TT|Voice}}</ref><br />
<br />
Aside from his voice, Saruman has other subtle abilities such as giving great speed and motivation to his orcs at a distance and setting his will against all those in his dominion that might oppose him. Aragorn takes note of this ability while tracking the party of orcs holding Merry and Pippin hostage. Saruman also seems to be able to move around totally unheard by others, as there are numerous examples of him using this ability. Several examples include his sneaking up on Aragorn, [[Gimli]] and [[Legolas]]'s camp in [[The Riders of Rohan]], his wholly unheard entrance in [[The Voice of Saruman]] and his quiet but sudden appearance to the hobbits in [[The Scouring of the Shire]]. <br />
<br />
Other powers include knowledge of machinery and chemistry, probably separable from explicit magic (for instance, the "blasting fire" employed by his Uruk-hai army in the battle of [[Helm's Deep]], was some kind of chemical explosive). Machinery and engines characterised both his fortified Isengard and his altered Shire arenas of influence. In this, he sought to emulate, or even surpass his ally, Sauron. This inclination was constitutional in them both from the very beginning.<br />
<br />
His science also extended to biological areas. He is believed to have crossbred Men and Orcs, creating a new race of Orcs unafraid of daylight, the dreaded Uruk-hai, a major improvement on Sauron's thralls who hated daylight. His mannish spies in Bree were said to have Orc blood, giving them heightened senses over ordinary men. He also employed scavenger birds in his service, although this might also be attributed to [[Radagast]] the Brown, ordering them to report to Orthanc, Saruman's stronghold.<br />
<br />
Being regarded as more powerful than Gandalf (at least before Gandalf's "rebirth"), it's fair to assume he would also wield explicit magic similar to Gandalf, such as artificial light, locking spells, creating fire, etc.<br />
<br />
Saruman, walking on the same ruinous path as Sauron, attempted to forge for himself a Ring of Power. This he wore during the War of the Ring which he revealed when he called himself "Saruman the [[Ring-maker]]".<ref name=FRCouncil/> He had great knowledge and lore of the magic rings created by Sauron and by the Elven-smiths, though at this time the full art of ring-making was lost and known only to Sauron and so Saruman's knowledge of the craft was incomplete. It is assumed that Saruman's Ring was the equivalent of one of the lesser rings in power and any details of this power is not mentioned. It is also assumed that it too lost its power, if it had any, when the One Ring was destroyed, since Saruman's craft of ring-making was still based on Sauron's. When Gandalf was given Narya, the Ring of Fire, Saruman learned of the gift and resented it. This may be another reason why Saruman desired to have a ring of his own.<br />
<br />
=== Personality ===<br />
Saruman resembled Gandalf not only in appearance, but originally also somewhat in deportment, but unlike Gandalf, Saruman was proud, even haughty, and in this he was more akin to Sauron. He saw himself as the most powerful of the Istari, expressing clear contempt for Radagast the Brown, patronising tolerance of the Wise and Elves, and sheer disdain for lesser Men. Saruman was no fool (though he saw Radagast as one); he realised Gandalf's power, and eventually came to see him as an equal, and later as a superior, much to his distress. He became jealous of Gandalf, eventually convincing himself that Gandalf was scheming against him, which justified his own scheming against Gandalf and the rest of the White Council, and the Free Peoples of Middle-earth as well. Saruman's ultimate agenda in the end was not very different at all from Sauron's, in that he himself ultimately sought to become a tyrant of Middle-earth; regardless if by his new master's side or (more preferably) on his own - if he attained the One Ring First. <br />
<br />
Saruman likely was true to his mission in the beginning, and actually believed in working to stop the return of the Darkness, but his pride and later arrogance (as well as his jealousy towards Gandalf and domination by Sauron) turned him into a traitor to the cause he had once served. Saruman's betrayal was not sudden, but slowly grew over time as Sauron used Saruman's lust for power, admiration of strength and envy as tools of control, until at last Saruman had convinced himself that he could not have taken any other path and that it was too late now to repent. To the last the corrupted Wizard only believed in his own counsel and the deceptive words of the Dark Lord. These false beliefs kept Saruman from taking his last chance at redemption, and because he must have realised this after Gandalf's truly generous terms he only became more bitter and filled with the rage of failure, blaming Gandalf more than anyone else for his downfall.<br />
<br />
== Politics ==<br />
=== Men ===<br />
Saruman "went mostly among men". He always sought power, and it lay in the hands of the kingdoms of Men.<br />
<br />
No records speak of his earliest journeys into the east; after his return he became a servant of Gondor, receiving the keys to Orthanc from Beren as its warden. When Gondor weakened, he claimed Orthanc for his own without any formal declaration (or objection from Gondor), yet remained nominally an ally of Gondor and of Rohan.<ref name=AppEorl/> <br />
<br />
When he turned to treachery, Saruman employed men mainly from Dunland, and agents from other lands, turning old grudges into fuel for new hatred. The Dunlendings were enticed with the old stories that they had once lived in [[Calenardhon]] before the ''Strawheads''. The Dunlendings became his soldiers and it also seems probable that he used some of them to create [[Half-orcs]].<br />
<br />
Gríma Wormtongue played a vital role in Saruman's plans: with Saruman's counsel Gríma began to weaken the king, estranging him from his other counsellors and even his own kin, until Gríma had in effect become the leader of Rohan.<br />
<br />
=== Elves === <br />
Saruman was once on good terms with the Elves, and was voted in as the leader of the White Council, a group of Elves and Istari united against Sauron. <br />
<br />
Saruman knew that Gandalf had been given the third Elvish ring Narya by Círdan the Shipwright. This nurtured his jealousy of Gandalf and his resentment towards the Elves. <br />
<br />
Saruman had little use for, or interest in, the Elves, who were declining and their lands were few and secretive; although they wielded marvellous powers and two Rings of Power, they were not useful nor accessible for Saruman's ambitions. Also, they succumbed less easily than other races to manipulation. <br />
<br />
Even though Isengard lay very close to [[Lothlórien]], Saruman had very little or no contact with it. Saruman never trusted Galadriel and he accused her of scheming for Gandalf at his expense.<ref name=Partings/><br />
<br />
=== Orcs ===<br />
Saruman drew his original strength of Orcs from tribes in the [[Misty Mountains]], and perhaps from Moria Orcs. He made use of [[Wargs|Warg]]-mounted Orcs for raids against Rohan.<br />
<br />
He also bred [[Orcs of Isengard|Orcs]] in the pits of Isengard, eventually creating crossbreeds of Orcs and Men (probably Dunlendings or [[Bree-men]]) This programme apparently also involved feeding these greater Orcs Man-flesh as a treat.<br />
<br />
His Uruk-hai legions displayed great discipline and fierce loyalty, in addition to the other improvements such as height, strength, endurance and resistance to sunlight. There also appears to have been middle stages between Men and the Uruk-hai, Men with varying degrees of Orkish appearance such as [[Half-orcs]] and [[Goblin-men]]. These were reported by Pippin and Merry to have been part of Saruman's regular army, but were not Uruk-hai, since the hobbits would have recognised these from their earlier capture. <br />
<br />
Saruman's servants called him "[[Sharkey]]" both in Isengard and later in the Shire.<ref name=Scouring/><br />
<br />
=== Ents/Trees ===<br />
Saruman made contact with the Ents in Fangorn Forest shortly after he settled in Isengard. The oldest of the Ents, [[Treebeard]] received him and gave him free access to the forest.<ref name=Treebeard>{{TT|Treebeard}}</ref><br />
<br />
Saruman also consulted with Treebeard, learning much old lore that the Ents would have remembered from ancient times. Saruman did not return this favour, but only listened.<ref name=Treebeard/><br />
<br />
The Ents saw Saruman's treachery early, and became very concerned, primarily with Saruman's Orcs felling trees on the edge of Fangorn for use in the furnaces of Isengard and sometimes for no reason at all. <br />
<br />
The Ents also appear to have had a sense of order, how things should be, that Saruman encroached upon. The crossbreeding of Men and Orcs particularly alarmed them, out of proportion to other concerns enemies of Saruman might have had. Also alarming was the pure fact of his treachery — the Istari were supposed to have a special responsibility. <br />
<br />
Saruman used the Ents and the Fangorn forest without concern for the consequences. He clearly misjudged the Ents' abilities and will to act. This might not have been as incautious as it seemed, since major contributing factors to the Ent's actions were advice and requests from Gandalf, and concern about the rising power of Sauron (and their wish to support the front-line troops of the war, Rohan and Gondor). <br />
<br />
Saruman clearly had the ability to understand the minds of the Ents when he found it useful. He managed to talk Treebeard into setting him free from Orthanc by pushing just the right buttons — Ents dislike the concept of caging up any creature.<br />
<br />
=== Hobbits ===<br />
The race of Hobbits and their lands seemed too insignificant to interest Saruman: until he took notice of Gandalf's special concern for them. Studying Gandalf made him focus gradually more and more on the Hobbits and The Shire. For a period he actually travelled there in secret, mapping out the lands. Gandalf was aware of this, but at this point only amused.<br />
<br />
He began smoking pipe-weed (a habit of the Hobbits that Gandalf had picked up), also in secret. His demand for tobacco opened up trading between The Shire and Isengard, and the power his money could wield there and the corruption it could cause began to fascinate him. Some of his agents went in secret, and some were known to Gandalf and the [[Rangers of the North|Rangers]].<br />
<br />
His anger towards the Hobbits may possibly stem from the attention Gandalf showed them. It certainly strengthened immensely when he discovered that the Hobbits had "conspired" with Gandalf to keep the One Ring from him.<br />
<br />
This, and the sudden urgency caused by the Ringwraiths hunt for the Ring-bearer from The Shire to Rivendell, made him increase his activity in the area, leading to a build-up of power that would lead to virtual conquest of The Shire. <br />
<br />
He might also later have blamed the ruin of Isengard by the Ents on Peregrin Took and Meriadoc Brandybuck, who clearly catalysed events. <br />
<br />
This all came together when Saruman escaped from the Ents and retired to The Shire and his thug regime in place there. It appears he immediately switched the focus of this operation to wanton destruction: pollution, murder, fire, chopping down trees for no reason, a last blow against Hobbits and Gandalf.<br />
<br />
At his final utter defeat by [[Battle of Bywater|a Hobbit uprising]], his life was spared even when he tried to assassinate Frodo Baggins. At this moment he actually conceded a short-lived respect to Frodo.<br />
<br />
=== Valar/Maiar/Wizards === <br />
Saruman was supposedly eager to go to Middle-earth, against Manwë's counsel. After his 'death' he was apparently barred from returning to Valinor, and therefore was denied reincarnation and condemned to waft away and disappear like so much smoke.<ref name=Scouring>{{FR|Scouring}}, p. 1020</ref> In his corrupt state, Saruman sought power and the imposing of order in Middle-earth by any means necessary, even if it meant betraying the mission he was entrusted with and throwing in his lot with Sauron.<br />
<br />
Sauron, in origin a Maia of Aulë like Saruman, awed and frightened him. During the height of his arrogance Saruman thought he could contend with Sauron, but in the end he found himself meddling with a spirit of far greater power and knowledge than himself. Caught peering into the ''palantír'' he was seduced by Sauron to his allegiance, no longer opposing (and perhaps even desiring) his victory. The Wizard sought to become the quasi-equal lieutenant to Sauron and receive his favour in triumph, yet he was proved to be a duplicitous ally by actively coveting the One Ring. After the Escape of Gandalf, Saruman understood the only paths ahead of him were to: show Sauron his loyalty by crippling Rohan, hoping to at the very least be spared, or claim the Ring first; otherwise he would come to ruin and torment. <br />
<br />
Saruman grudgingly brought with him Radagast as a companion from Valinor, at the request of Yavanna, yet still managed to arrive alone, and first. Shortly after, he went into the East with the two Blue Wizards, and later returned alone. There he may have wrought many great works to diminish the influence of the Enemy or searched for lore to help him in his schemes.<br />
<br />
Radagast, even though Saruman scorned him, served both Gandalf and Saruman very usefully (and wholly unintentionally, as he admitted "he had just the wit to play the part I set him", that of persuading Gandalf to come to Isengard).<ref name=>{{FR|Council}}, p. 258</ref> Radagast also sent birds to Saruman and Gandalf to report the different happenings in Middle-earth. <br />
<br />
Saruman had always been jealous of Gandalf, and knew that he was keeping secrets from him, such as his suspicion about Bilbo's ring and Narya, secret. Gandalf also suspected Saruman of plotting to gain the One Ring for himself, and hinted at this at a meeting of the White Council. Gandalf blew nine small smoke rings and one great one that wavered a bit, seeming almost palpable, and yet blew away, symbolising (almost prophetic of) Saruman's failure in achieving the One. In general, Saruman must have viewed Gandalf as his only peer, and as such to be feared and treated with (although not necessarily shown) respect. He always kept a watchful eye open for Gandalf's doings, and actually picked up the habit of smoking pipe-weed by sending out spies tailing Gandalf to the Shire. After revealing his fealty to Mordor and his desire for the Ring, Saruman offered Gandalf the chance to join with Sauron, or perhaps get the One for themselves. Ultimately, certain that Gandalf could be forced to tell of the Ring's whereabouts or that at least Sauron would prevail, he came to underestimate Gandalf and think little of his interventions.<br />
<br />
Nevertheless, Saruman exercised more power than Gandalf, even with the ring Narya, as became clear when he placed Gandalf under arrest at the pinnacle of Orthanc. The text does not make it clear whether Saruman lost power or whether Gandalf gained power, but when Gandalf returned as "Gandalf [[the White]]", he could summon Saruman at his will, forcibly keep him in his presence, and finally break Saruman's staff (with whatever implications that might have had for Saruman's powers). <br />
<br />
Despite his apparent disdain for the Grey Pilgrim, Saruman several times came very close to setting aside his pride and asking Gandalf for pity and help. The closest call came when the Ringwraiths (on their way to the Shire) arrived at Isengard while Gandalf still remained in captivity there. Saruman, realising he might have already lost Sauron's trust, actually went to seek Gandalf's pardon, only to find his erstwhile captive missing from the top of Orthanc.<br />
<br />
=== Animals ===<br />
Saruman had control over many birds, probably having been taught to tame them by Radagast. [[Crebain]] spied for him and brought him news.<ref>{FR|South</ref> In addition, the Orcs Saruman took in his armies had amongst them wild [[Wolves]] and even [[Wargs]], a sort of demonic cousin of the former.<br />
<br />
== Etymology ==<br />
{{pronounce|Quenya - Curumo.mp3|Gilgamesh}}<br />
''Saruman'' is a [[Mannish]] translation of [[Quenya]] ''[[Curumo]]'', his original name in Valinor as a Maia; and Sindarin ''[[Curunír]]'' which is supposedly the same name (with the ending ''[[dîr|-ndîr]]'' "man"). All names mean "Skilled Man" or "Cunning One" (root ''[[curu]]'' "skill").<ref name=RC81>{{HM|RC}}, p. 81</ref><ref>{{webcite|author=[[Helge Fauskanger]]|articleurl=http://folk.uib.no/hnohf/quen-eng.htm|articlename=Quettaparma Quenyallo|website=Arda}}</ref><ref>{{webcite|author=[[Didier Willis]], ed.|articleurl=http://www.jrrvf.com/hisweloke/sindar/online/sindar/dict-sd-en.html|articlename=Hiswelókë's Sindarin dictionary|website=[http://www.jrrvf.com/hisweloke/ Hiswelókë]}}</ref><br />
<br />
''Saruman'' is derived from [[Old English]]: the root word ''searu'' means "device, design, contrivance, art" and the whole name means "man of skill".<ref name=RC81/><br />
<br />
== Other names ==<br />
Saruman had several titles, Saruman the White, Saruman the Wise.<br />
<br />
His name in Sindarin was '''''Curunír''''' or '''''Curunír' Lân''''' ("Curunír the White").<ref name=Istari/><br />
<br />
In the Shire he was called Sharkey.<br />
<br />
Saruman was also known as '''Curumo''' ([[Quenya|Q]]: "cunning", pron. {{IPA|[ˈkurumo]}}) in Valinor, before he came to Middle-earth during the Third Age.<ref>{{UT|Istari}}, note 6</ref><br />
<br />
When sent to Cuiviénen with the other Five Guardians|Guardians, he was called '''''Tarindor''''' ("*High/wise-mind(ed)-one").<ref>{{NM|P1xiii}}, "Notes", p. 102, note 7</ref><br />
<br />
While<br />
<br />
He claimed for himself the title '''[[Ring-maker]]'''.<ref name="FRCouncil"/><br />
<br />
The ent [[Quickbeam]] angrily called him tree-killer.<ref>{{TT|Flotsam}} p. 568</ref><br />
== Other versions of the legendarium ==<br />
In the earlier versions of ''The Lord of the Rings'', Saruman was sketched merely as a fawning servant of Sauron, while the army he musters is not in rivalry of Mordor's but from the beginning in his new master's employ. In other drafts, the treacherous Wizard hands Gandalf over to the evil [[Giants|Giant]] Treebeard or betrays him to the Black Riders.<ref name=FRCouncil/><br />
<br />
Saruman's older names in these drafts were Sarumond and Saramund,<ref name=rc>{{HM|RC}}, p. xxiii</ref> containing the English term ''mund'' "hand".<br />
<br />
== Inspiration ==<br />
Saruman was invented and introduced in the story in order to explain Gandalf's absence in the first part of ''The Lord of the Rings'', replacing Treebeard as the Wizard's captor.<ref name=rc/><br />
<br />
As a scholar, Tolkien would also have been well aware of the name of a similarly-named historic 'head of his order', Jaruman.<br />
<br />
== Portrayal in adaptations ==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Saruman in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings (1978 film) - Saruman.jpg|Saruman in [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]<br />
|lines=2<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings (film series) - Saruman using Palantír.jpg|[[Christopher Lee]] as Saruman in [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]<br />
|File:LOTRO-Rise of Isengard-Saruman-1.png|Saruman in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
|File:Lego - Saruman minifigure.jpg|Saruman in [[Lego]] form<br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== Films ===<br />
'''1978: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]:'''<br />
:[[Fraser Kerr]] provided the voice of Saruman. From early on in the production, it was decided that "Saruman" and "Sauron" sounded too much alike, and might confuse viewers. On concept art, Saruman is called Ruman,<ref>[http://www.ralphbakshi.com/gallery/displayimage.php?album=5&pos=69 1978 - The Lord of the Rings Gallery] at [http://www.ralphbakshi.com Ralphbakshi.com] (accessed 26 March 2011)</ref> but prior to recording, this was changed to Aruman. However, during recording, it was again changed, to "Saruman". Because of this late change, several instances of "Aruman" remain in the finished film.<br />
<br />
'''2001-03: [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
:Saruman was played by [[Christopher Lee]]. Saruman's depiction in the series is more akin to the early drafts: he is a more committed vassal of Sauron; still, he is seemingly not above cheating his master, instructing [[Lurtz]] to bring him the Hobbits carrying "something of great value" (the One Ring). In the films, his corruption by Sauron is directly portrayed to have come about through his use of one of the Palantíri found in the tower of Orthanc, through which Sauron fueled the lust for power and accompanying arrogance and greed already festering in Saruman's heart. The films did not include the Scouring of the Shire, so Saruman's last appearance was in Isengard, during his encounter with Gandalf and Théoden. In the [[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (extended edition)|extended edition of ''The Return of the King'']], Gríma stabs Saruman in the back, causing him to fall on a spiked wheel below the tower of Orthanc. <br />
<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
Christopher Lee reprised his role as Saruman, although the character does not appear in the book.<ref name="TelegraphCasting">{{webcite|articleurl=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/film-news/8311016/Christopher-Lee-will-star-in-the-Hobbit-prequel.html|articlename=Christopher Lee will star in the Hobbit prequel|dated=08-Feb-2011|website=[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/ The Telegraph]|accessed=21-Dec-2011}}</ref> He appears as part of the White Council alongside Gandalf, Galadriel and Elrond. He is sceptical about the appearance of a [[Sauron#Sauron's Return|Necromancer]] in Dol Guldur. However, when he participates in the attack on Dol Guldur, he sees for himself that Sauron has indeed returned. After the skirmish, he appears shaken by the display of Sauron's power, but claims he will take it upon himself to keep an eye on the Dark Lord and pretends to care for Lady Galadriel's weakened state.<br />
<br />
=== Television ===<br />
'''1993: [[Hobitit|''Hobitit'']]:'''<br />
:Saruman was played by actor Mikko Kivinen. He appears only in the "Vanha metsä" ("Old Forest") episode.<br />
<br />
=== Radio series ===<br />
'''1955: [[The Lord of the Rings (1955 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1955 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:The voice of Saruman is provided by [[Robert Farquharson]].<br />
<br />
'''1979: [[The Lord of the Rings (1979 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1979 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:The voice of Saruman is provided by [[James Arrington]].<br />
<br />
'''1981: [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]]:''' <br />
:[[Peter Howell]] played Saruman. Because the series follows a chronological timeline rather than the flashbacks of the books, Saruman's betrayal is brought out much sooner than in the book. Excerpts from [[The Hunt for the Ring]] are dramatised to flesh out Gandalf's escape from Isengard, and the Nazgul's pursuit. In the final episode, Saruman's death at the hands of Wormtongue at Bag End is included.<br />
<br />
'''1992: [[Der Herr der Ringe (1992 German radio series)|''Der Herr der Ringe'' (1992 German radio series)]]:'''<br />
:Saruman is played by Manfred Steffen.<br />
<br />
'''2001-2003: [[Pán prsteňov (2001-2003 Slovak radio series)|''Pán prsteňov'' (2001-2003 Slovak radio series)]]:'''<br />
:The voice of Saruman is provided by Andrej Hryc. Saruman appears in all three series (seasons) of this adaptation, with his most prominent appearances in the episodes covering ''The Two Towers''.<br />
<br />
=== Games ===<br />
'''2003: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:Though Christopher Lee provided the voice of Saruman for many scenes, the only visual appearance of the Wizard of from re-used movie clips, his voice is played over several of Gandalf's actions.<br />
<br />
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Saruman is one of the "Hero" units of the Servants of Sauron, the game also depicts his creation of the Uruk-hai.<br />
<br />
'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth]]'':'''<br />
:Saruman is the main "Hero" unit of Isengard faction, the evil campaign follows his despoilment of both Isengard and the Fangorn Forest, war on Rohan and later conquest of the outlying lands.<br />
<br />
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''<br />
:Saruman is still the main "Hero" unit of Isengard faction, but plays no role in the storyline.<br />
<br />
'''2011: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Rise of Isengard]]'':'''<br />
:Though frequently referred to in-game since 2007, Saruman made no visual appearance until 2011 and the ''Rise of Isengard'' expansion. Many quests in the game display the stretch of the White Hand - Saruman's minions are present in the Shire as early as {{TA|3018}}, as well as [[Bree-land]], [[Lone-lands]], Eregion, [[Enedwaith]], Dunland, [[Gap of Rohan]], outskirts of the Fangorn Forest and even [[Moria]].<br />
:In the storyline of ''Rise of Isengard'' Saruman first appears buying the loyalties of the Dunlending clans, bringing with him riches and maintaining a friendly appearance. He also still keeps his affairs in Rohan private, to the point that when a Rohirrim questions the desolation of [[Nan Curunír]] and the presence of Trolls in Isengard, the Wizard manages to use his voice to convince him that it was all for the good cause. At one point, traitorous Dunlendings capture the player and send him to Saruman as a gift - once again the Wizard maintains a friendly and noble appearance, trying to discern the location of The Ring, before the player escapes. <br />
:A major storyline is derived from a single line in ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', where Saruman calls himself "Ring-forger". Long having researched the Rings of Power, Saruman sends his minions to pillage what remains of Ring-Forges of Eregion, looking for any knowledge of ancient Elven smiths that have remained here. Using that lore, he constructs a massive Ring-Forge under Isengard, where he creates five lesser rings and a master one to command them. He keeps the master ring to himself and gives the other to his most trusted lieutenants, though none of the mortals are prepared for it and are turned into monstrosities. A large force of players defeats them one by one, reclaiming lesser rings and later use those rings to turn upon the master one. In the ensuing fight Saruman's ring is destroyed shortly before the Battle of Hornburg, and with it the lesser ones lose their power.<br />
<br />
'''2014: [[Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor]]:'''<br />
:Voiced by [[Roger Jackson]], Saruman appears in this game as a non-playable character. The game's protagonist, Talion, finds various artefacts that reveal that Saruman's spies are active within the borders of Mordor in the years between ''[[The Hobbit]]'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''. It is later revealed that Saruman was controlling Queen Marwen of the [[Nurnen]] to hinder Sauron while bringing about the destruction of the men of [[Nurn]].<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
<br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
|race=maiar<br />
|house=[[Maiar|Maia]] of [[Aulë]]<br />
|born=[[Creation of the Ainur]]<br />
|died=[[3 November]], {{TA|3019}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
|prev=Position established<br />
|pvac=None<br />
|list=Chief of the [[Wizards|Istari]]<br />
|dates=c. {{TA|1000}} - [[5 March]], {{TA|3019|n}}<br />
|next=[[Gandalf]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
|prev=Unknown<br />
|list=[[Lord of Isengard|Lord]] of [[Isengard]]<br />
|dates={{TA|2759}} - [[15 August]], {{TA|3019|n}}<br />
|nvac=None<br />
|next=''[[Aragorn|Elessar]] granted Isengard to the [[Ents]]''<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
<br />
{{ainur}}<br />
{{hobbitfilms}}<br />
{{lordoftheringsfilms}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Maiar]]<br />
[[Category:Old English names]]<br />
[[Category:Rulers in Middle-earth]]<br />
[[Category:Servants of Sauron]]<br />
[[Category:Smiths]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Wizards]]<br />
[[de:Saruman]]<br />
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/ainur/maiar/istari/saruman]]<br />
[[fi:Saruman]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Kham%C3%BBl&diff=385363Khamûl2024-02-03T15:10:32Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>__NOTOC__<br />
{{evil infobox<br />
| name=Khamûl<br />
| image=[[Image:John Howe - Khamûl the Easterling.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Khamûl the Easterling" by [[John Howe]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=The Shadow of the East<br>The Second Chief<br>The Black Easterling<br />
| titles=<br />
| position=Second-in-command to the [[Witch-king]]<br />
| location=[[Rhûn]], [[Mordor]], [[Dol Guldur]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Easterlings]]<br/>[[Nazgûl]]<br>[[Eye of Sauron]]<br />
| language=[[Mannish]]<br>[[Black Speech]]<br />
| birth=[[Second Age]]<br />
| birthlocation=Presumably [[Rhûn]]<br />
| rule=<br />
| death=[[25 March]] {{TA|3019}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Morannon]]<br />
| age=4200+<br />
| notablefor=Commanding [[Dol Guldur]]<br/>Pursuing [[Frodo Baggins]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=<br />
| race=[[Men|Man]] (early)<br/>[[Wraiths|Wraith]] (later)<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=<br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=Black horse<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Khamûl''' was one of the nine [[Nazgûl|Ringwraiths]], second only to the [[Witch-king]] himself, and since {{TA|2951}}<ref name=RC>{{HM|RC}}, "A Knife in the Dark", p. 167-9</ref> Sauron's lieutenant at [[Dol Guldur]]. He was also called "'''the Shadow of the East'''".<ref name=Black>{{UT|Black}}</ref><br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
[[File:Stephen Hickman - Gaffer Gamgee and the Black Rider.jpg|thumb|left|''Gaffer Gamgee and the Black Rider'' by [[Stephen Hickman]]]]<br />
It is possible that Khamûl was an [[Easterlings|Easterling]].<ref group=note>The earlier byname "the Black Easterling" of a then unnamed Ringwraith at Dol Guldur and his later byname "the Shadow of the East" suggest that he was originally from the East, but the latter may also refer to the fact that he was based in Dol Guldur, which is in the East</ref><ref>{{HM|RC}}, "Khamul, commander of Dol Guldur, was from the East", p. 84</ref> Like the other Ringwraiths, he was one of nine [[Men]] to whom [[Sauron]] gave one of the [[Nine Rings|Rings of Power]], who became mighty kings, sorcerers or warriors, and eventually faded into a [[Wraiths|wraith]] that was under the rule of Sauron.<ref>{{S|Rings}}</ref> By {{SA|2251}} he and the other eight Men who had received rings of power first appeared as Ringwraiths.<ref>{{App|SA}}, entry for the year 2251, p. 1083</ref><br />
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After the Witch-king, Khamûl had the best ability to perceive the presence of [[the One Ring]], but his power was most confused and diminished by daylight.<ref name=Note1>{{UT|Hunt}}, Notes, note 1</ref><br />
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In {{TA|2951}}, Sauron declared himself openly to his enemies and sent Khamûl and two other Ringwraiths to [[Dol Guldur]],<ref>{{App|TA}}, entry for the year 2951, p. 1089</ref> with the former taking command.<ref name=Black/><br />
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Around [[22 July]] {{TA|3018}}, Khamûl with another Ringwraith who lived at Dol Guldur met the Witch-king and six other Ringwraiths that lived at [[Minas Morgul]] in the [[Field of Celebrant]]. The Ringwraiths from Dol Guldur informed their fellow Ringwraiths from Minas Morgul that Gollum had escaped and vanished. Khamûl also told them that the villages of the [[Stoors]] at the river [[Gladden]] had been deserted for a long time and that it had not been possible to find a dwelling of [[Hobbits|Halflings]] in the [[Vales of Anduin]].<ref name=Black/><br />
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In the evening of [[23 September]],<ref name=Great>{{App|Great}}, pp. 1091-2</ref> Khamûl arrived in [[Hobbiton]] and asked [[Gaffer Gamgee|Hamfast Gamgee]] about "Baggins". Hamfast Gamgee misled him that Frodo Baggins had already left and he rode to the east. On [[24 September]], he rode on the [[Stock Road]] and overtook Frodo and stopped,<ref>{{FR|Three}}, p. 74</ref> because he sensed the Ring, but he was not certain because of the bright daylight and left again and waited until the night.<ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from an unpublished version of ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 97</ref> After the sunset he sensed the ring again and pursued Frodo.<ref name=Hunt99>{{HM|RC}}, citing from an unpublished version of ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 99</ref> He did not dare to attack and retreated,<ref>{{FR|Three}}, p. 78</ref> because he was intimidated by the [[Elves]] and by the song about [[Elbereth]].<ref name=Hunt99/> He could not sense the ring clearly as long as Frodo was surrounded by the Elves.<ref name=Hunt99/><br />
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After the departure of the Elves Khamûl continued to pursue Frodo, but does not find him and called the other Ringwraith from Dol Guldur to him with cries. He and another Ringwraith from Dol Guldur went east over the fields and Khamûl visits [[farmer Maggot]].<ref>{{FR|Mushrooms}}, pp. 93-4</ref> After leaving farmer Maggot he sent his companion off to take the [[Causeway]] in the direction of the [[Overbourn Marshes]] and he went north in the direction of the [[Brandywine Bridge]]. Khamûl then arrived too late at the [[Bucklebury Ferry]] in the night of [[25 September]].<ref name=RC164>{{HM|RC}}, citing from an unpublished version of ''The Hunt for the Ring'', pp. 164-5</ref><br />
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After Frodo had left on the ferry Khamûl summoned the other four Ringwraiths who had entered the Shire with him. He ordered one to watch the Brandywine Bridge and sent two to ride east on the [[East Road]] and inform the Witch-king that the ring has moved east. Khamûl and another Ringwraith from Dol Guldur entered [[Buckland]] in secret through the [[Buckland Gate|north gate]].<ref name=RC164/> They searched the Buckland and arrived at Crickhollow in the night of [[28 September]]. Khâmul sent the other Ringwraith from Dol Guldur to collect the Ringwraith who guarded the Brandywine Bridge and the horses that they had left behind and waited. The three Ringwraiths then watch Crickhollow through the night until the next morning.<ref name=RC164/><br />
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He was also one of the six Ringwraiths, led by the Witch King, that followed Gandalf on [[Shadowfax]] and attacked him on 3 October during the night during the night on [[Weathertop]],<ref name=Great/> but were repulsed after a violent fight in the early hours of 4 October, when [[Frodo]] and [[Aragorn]] saw the lights of that battle from their camp.<ref>{{FR|Knife}}, p. 183</ref><ref name=Hunt168>{{HM|RC}} citing from an unpublished version of ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 168</ref> The Witch King and Khamûl stayed behind to watch Weathertop (waiting for the Ring Bearer to come) for two days thereafter, along with two other Ringwraiths and sent four Ringwraiths to pursue Gandalf.<ref name=Hunt168/><br />
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Khamûl and two other Ringwraiths<ref name=Hunt194>{{HM|RC}}, citing from an unpublished version of ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 194</ref> were on the bridge over the [[Hoarwell]] on [[11 October]],<ref name=Great/> but when [[Glorfindel]] approached them, they withdrew and were pursued by Glorfindel<ref>{{FR|Flight}}, p. 210</ref> down the road until they left the road and scattered.<ref name=Hunt194/> However on [[14 October]], Khamûl, the Witch-king and three other Ringwraiths assembled again and continued with their pursuit.<ref name=Hunt194/><br />
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On [[20 October]],<ref name=Great/> he was among the Ringwraiths who caught up with Frodo and his companions and dared to use the ford to ride into the river [[Loudwater]] to pursue Frodo who had already crossed the river,<ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from an unpublished version of ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 196</ref> but they were swept down the river by the flood<ref>{{FR|Flight}}, pp. 212-5</ref> that was called by [[Elrond]].<ref>{{FR|Meetings}}, p. 224</ref><br />
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From [[20 March]] on,<ref name=Great1094>{{App|Great}}, p. 1094</ref> Khamûl and the other seven remaining Ringwraiths were flying on their [[Fell beasts]] over the [[Army of the West]] watching its movements as it marched to the [[Black Gate]].<ref>{{RK|Gate}}, "near the end of the second day of their march from the Cross-roads", p. 885</ref><br />
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On [[25 March]],<ref name=Great1094/> Khamûl and all the other seven Ringwraiths were flying on their [[Fell beasts]] over the [[Army of the West]] during the [[Battle of the Morannon]].<ref>{{RK|Gate}}, p. 887</ref> When Frodo put on the ring at the [[Cracks of Doom]] in [[Mount Doom]] Sauron realised the danger and ordered Khâmul and the other Ringwraiths to race to Mount Doom. Khamûl probably perished with the rest of the Ringwraiths when they flew on their Fell beasts to Mount Doom and were caught in the fiery eruption of Mount Doom that took place after the destruction of the One Ring, because they "crackled, withered, and went out".<ref>{{RK|Doom}}, p. 946-7</ref><br />
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== Other versions of the legendarium ==<br />
The bynames "'''the Second Chief (the Black Easterling)'''" were used for an unnamed Ringwraith that was based in Dol Guldur in a rejected version of the passage about the earlier movements of the Ringwraiths in "The Hunt for the Ring", but not in the final version where the Ringwraith who was Sauron's lieutenant at Dol Guldur was named Khâmul the Shadow of the East.<ref name=Note1/><br />
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== Portrayal in adaptations ==<br />
'''2001-: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game]]'':'''<br />
:Khamûl received two named miniatures in the game, one depicting his cloaked form and the other his armored appearance as seen in ''The Hobbit: The Battle of Five Armies''. The latter explicitly identifies Khamûl as the Ringwraith with a more ornate version of the Easterling helmets seen in ''The Lord of the Rings''.<br />
<br />
'''2002: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)]]'':'''<br />
:During the nighttime section of the Shire level, Frodo overhears the conversation between Khamûl and [[Gaffer Gamgee]] just as he is about to deliver the [[Bag End]] key to Number 3, Bagshot Row. The conversation plays out as it does in the novel except that Khamûl's lines are audible. Instead of simply walking back down the path after the conversation ends, Khamûl (who is mounted on his horse) intimidates the Gaffer by rearing his steed while letting out a ghastly wail, before galloping back down the road. No voice actor is specified for the role.<br />
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'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:The Nazgûl in charge of Dol Guldur is known simply as "The Lieutenant of Dol Guldur", formerly "The Cursed Rider". He is said to have been an Easterling chieftain who wielded the Ring "Orôm, the Warmonger".<br />
<br />
{{references|note}}<br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
|race=evil<br />
|house=[[Nazgûl]] of [[Sauron]]<br />
|born=Before {{SA|2251}}<br />
|died=[[25 March]], {{TA|3019}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
|prev=[[Witch-king]]<br />
|list=Lord of the [[Nazgûl]]<br />
|dates=[[15 March|15]] - [[25 March]], {{TA|3019}}<br />
|next=Position abolished<br />
|nvac=None<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Khamul}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:Easterlings]]<br />
[[Category:Nazgûl]]<br />
[[Category:Second Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Servants of Sauron]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Khamûl]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/hommes/3a/nazgul/khamul]]<br />
[[fi:Khamûl]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Witch-king&diff=385362Witch-king2024-02-03T15:07:56Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{evil infobox<br />
| name=The Witch-king of Angmar<br />
| image=[[File:Melissa Hitchcock - The Black Captain.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="The Black Captain" by [[:Category:Images by Melissa Hitchcock|Melissa Hitchcock]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=Black Captain, Chief of the Nine, [[Dwimmerlaik]]<br />
| titles=King of Angmar<br/>Lord of Minas Morgul<br />
| position=Lord of the [[Nazgûl]]<br />
| location=[[Angmar]]<br/>[[Minas Morgul]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Nazgûl]]<br>[[Eye of Sauron]]<br />
| language=[[Black Speech]], [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Before {{SA|2251}}<br />
| birthlocation=Unknown<br />
| rule={{TA|1300}} - {{TA|1975|n}} <small>(in Angmar)</small><br/>{{TA|2002}} - {{TA|3019|n}} <small>(in Minas Morgul)</small><br />
| death=[[15 March]], {{TA|3019}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Pelennor Fields]]<br />
| age=4209+<br />
| notablefor=[[Arnor#The Fall of Arthedain|Fall of Arnor]]<br/>Establishing [[Angmar]]<br/>Fall of [[Minas Ithil]] and [[Osgiliath]]<br/>Deaths of [[Eärnur]], [[Boromir (Steward of Gondor)|Boromir]], and [[Théoden]]<br/>Stabbing [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=<br />
| race=[[Men|Man]] (early)<br/>[[Wraiths|Wraith]] (later)<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Tallest of the Nazgûl<br />
| hair=Gleaming<br />
| eyes=Fiery red<br />
| clothing=Crown<br />
| weapons=[[Morgul-knife]]; [[Black Breath]]; A great black mace<br />
| steed=Black horse; [[Fell beasts|Fell Beast]]<br />
| gallery=the Witch-king<br />
}}<br />
{{quote|In rode the Lord of the Nazgûl. A great black shape against the fires beyond he loomed up, grown to a vast menace of despair. In rode the Lord of the Nazgûl, under the archway that no enemy ever yet had passed, and all fled before his face.|''[[The Return of the King]]'', "[[The Siege of Gondor]]"}}<br />
<br />
The '''Witch-king of Angmar''' was the chief of the [[Nazgûl]], King of [[Angmar]] and [[Sauron]]'s great captain in his wars. A [[Wraiths|wraith]], the Witch-king of Angmar was nearly indestructible, a terrifying warrior, and a cunning strategist.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
[[File:Catherine Chmiel - The King of Nazgûl.jpg|thumb|left|''The King of Nazgûl'' by [[:Category:Images by Catherine Karina Chmiel|Catherine Chmiel]]]]<br />
Some time after Sauron seized the [[Rings of Power]] in the [[Sack of Eregion]], {{SA|1697}} he gave [[Nine Rings|nine of them]] to [[Men|Mannish]] kings, sorcerers and other warriors.<ref>{{S|Rings}}, p. 289</ref> With the power of their rings, the Nine achieved glory and grew wealthy, but they eventually started hating life as they were slowly drawn under Sauron’s dominion. In the end, they all became the dreadful [[Nazgûl|Ringwraiths]].<br />
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The one later known as the Witch-king<ref group=note>According to the [[Oxford English Dictionary]] the oldest meaning of ''witch'' is "a man who practices witchcraft or magic; a magician, sorcerer, wizard"</ref> was a sorcerer,<ref>{{FR|Council}}, p. 257</ref><ref>{{RK|Siege}}, p. 819</ref> probably<ref>{{HM|RC}}, p. 20 citing from J.R.R. Tolkien's manuscript of ''Nomenclature'' "he was probably (like the Lieutenant of Barad-dur [the Mouth of Sauron]) of Numenorean descent"</ref> one of the unnamed three lords of [[Númenóreans|Númenórean]] race, who accepted one of the Rings of Power.<ref>{{S|Akallabeth}}</ref> He first appeared in the histories as a Ringwraith in {{SA|2251}}. Being the most powerful of the Nazgûl, he became their chief and the most feared servant of his master Sauron.<br />
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When [[Mordor]] fell in {{SA|3441}}, the Nazgûl vanished into the shadows and were not heard of again for a long time.<ref>{{App|SA}}, entry for the year 3441, p. 1084</ref><br />
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=== Early power in Angmar ===<br />
More than a thousand years later, in c. {{TA|1050|n}} of the [[Third Age]], [[Sauron]] began to rebuild his power in [[Dol Guldur]]. In c. {{TA|1300|n}} his Nazgûl also reappeared and the Witch-king established his realm, [[Angmar]], in the north.<ref>{{App|TA}}, entry for the year 1300, p. 1086</ref> His capital was [[Carn Dûm]], on the northernmost peak of the [[Misty Mountains]]. He summoned men, [[orcs]] and other creatures of evil inclination to his banner. No one knew that he was actually a servant of the long-dormant [[Sauron]] and few that he was a wraith.<ref name=Malvegil>{{App|Eriador}}, ''The North-kingdom and the Dúnedain'', entry for King Malvegil, p. 1040</ref><br />
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In the north, disunity plagued the [[Dúnedain]] of [[Arnor]]. They had divided into three kingdoms: [[Cardolan]], [[Rhudaur]] and [[Arthedain]], and were constantly at war with one another.<ref>{{App|Eriador}}, ''The North-kingdom and the Dúnedain'', p. 1039</ref> The Witch-king saw the North-kingdom of Arnor as more vulnerable than the South-kingdom of Gondor.<ref name=Malvegil/> He played upon their opposition, sending in infiltrators and taking over the hearts of the men of that land. By {{TA|1349|n}}, the government of Rhudaur was controlled by men secretly in his service,<ref>{{PM|Elendil}}, entry for [[Malvegil]], pp. 193-194</ref> and he secretly aided them in their wars against the other kingdoms.<ref name="Argeleb">{{PM|Elendil}}, entry for [[Argeleb I]], p. 194</ref> He then struck at a time of great hostility among the three, in {{TA|1409|n}}. Rhudaur in the east fell first, and most of the Dúnedain there were hunted down and slaughtered by sorcerers.<ref name="Arveleg">{{PM|Elendil}}, entry for [[Arveleg I]], p. 194 </ref> Cardolan was ravaged and its [[last prince of Cardolan|last prince]] slain;<ref>{{HM|RC}}, "Fog on the Barrow-downs", pp. 144-5; Index, 'Cardolan, [[Last prince of Cardolan|last prince of]]'</ref> the tower of [[Weathertop|Amon Sûl]], held by the men of Arthedain, was placed under siege. King [[Arveleg I]] was slain and the tower was destroyed, but the coveted ''[[Amon Sûl-stone|palantír]]'' escaped in the hands of the surviving men of Arthedain and was brought to [[Fornost]].<ref name="Palantiri16">{{UT|14a}}, Note 16, p. 413</ref><br />
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The Witch-king continued to press the men of Arthedain, laying siege to Fornost, and he might have taken over all of Arnor in that one offensive. But [[Araphor]], the 18-year-old son of Arveleg, came to leadership and, with the help of the ancient elf [[Círdan]] of [[Lindon]], repelled the Witch-king’s forces at Fornost and the [[North Downs]].<ref>{{App|Eriador}}, ''The North-kingdom and the Dúnedain'', entry for King Araphor, p. 1040</ref> [[Elrond]] brought an army of [[Elves]] from [[Rivendell]] and [[Lothlórien]], and the Witch-king was pushed back and subdued.<br />
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=== Twilight of Angmar ===<br />
The Witch-king sat silent in Carn Dûm, rebuilding his armies and preparing for a final assault on [[Arthedain]], last of the Arnorian kingdoms. The [[Great Plague]] came and went in {{TA|1636|n}}, taking with it the last of the Dúnedain of [[Cardolan]]. The Witch-king sent [[barrow-wights]] to inhabit the barrows in [[Barrow-downs|Tyrn Gorthad]].<ref>{{App|Eriador}}, ''The North-kingdom and the Dúnedain'', entry for King Argeleb II, p. 1041</ref> In {{TA|1974|n}}, he felt that his power was sufficiently restored to begin the advance.<br />
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His attack was sudden, but not unexpected. King [[Arvedui]] sent a message to King [[Eärnil II]] of [[Gondor]] the year before, but help did not arrive in time. [[Fornost Erain]] fell, and the Witch-king took up residence there in the palace.<ref name=Eärnil>{{App|Gondor}}, entry for King Eärnil II, p. 1051</ref> Arvedui held out as best as he might on the [[North Downs]], but at last fled north with the treasured ''[[palantíri]]'' of [[Amon Sûl-stone|Amon Sûl]] and [[Annúminas-stone|Annúminas]]. He would not return, for he perished in a shipwreck in {{TA|1975|n}}. With him the ''palantíri'' were lost forever in the icy seas of [[Forod]]. The already-diminished North-kingdom ended, and [[Arnor]] fell.<ref name=Arvedui>{{App|Eriador}}, ''The North-kingdom and the Dúnedain'', entry for King Arvedui and entry for Chieftain Aranarth, pp. 1041-3</ref><br />
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Meanwhile, a coalition in the south had formed. Eärnil sent his son, [[Eärnur]], north with a great fleet, all that Gondor could spare. They arrived at [[Lindon]] and joined with the folk of Círdan. Círdan summoned all that would come: surviving Dúnedain of Arnor and elves of Lindon.<ref name=Eärnil/> Even a company of [[Hobbits|hobbit]] archers went to their aide.<ref>{{App|Eriador}}, ''The North-kingdom and the Dúnedain'', entry for King Arvedui, p. 1042</ref> The Witch-king had grown overconfident and, instead of staying behind his fortifications, initiated the attack. The [[Battle of Fornost]] was fought on the plain between [[Nenuial]] and the North Downs. The Witch-king may not have anticipated the strength brought against him, but for whatever reason the alliance gained the upper hand. His army began to fall back toward Fornost, but Eärnur’s magnificent horsemen struck from the north and the Witch-king was routed.<ref name=Eärnil/><br />
<br />
He decided to flee to Angmar and the safety of Carn Dûm, but the cavalry, with Eärnur himself in the lead, overtook him. Moreover, the ranks of the allies swelled, as an army of elves from [[Rivendell]] came led by the mighty hero of old, [[Glorfindel]]. Angmar was purged of men and orcs, and all seemed lost for the Witch-king in the face of such numbers. But the Witch-king himself came at the last, robed and masked in black and riding a black horse, and attempted to kill Eärnur with his own hands. But Eärnur’s horse shied away and fled, and the Witch-king laughed. But Glorfindel came on his white horse, and faced with such power the Witch-king fled. He vanished into the shadows and no-one marked where he had gone.<ref name=Eärnil/><br />
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Eärnur wanted to pursue, but Glorfindel held him back and made his famous prophecy.<br />
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{{Blockquote|He will not return to this land. Far off yet is his doom, and not by the hand of man will he fall.|Glorfindel, ''[[The Return of the King]]'', [[Appendix A]] (iv)}}<br />
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=== Lord of Minas Morgul ===<br />
[[File:Alan Lee - The Witch-king.jpg|thumb|''The Witch-king'' by [[Alan Lee]]]]<br />
The Witch-king escaped to [[Mordor]], and gathered the other Ringwraiths about him in {{TA|1980|n}}. Angmar and Carn Dûm were lost, and so in {{TA|2000|n}} the Ringwraiths began a [[Second Fall of Minas Ithil|two-year siege]] of [[Minas Ithil]], eventually capturing the place and turning it into his residence. The wraiths sent an aura of fear in [[Gondor]], and much of [[Ithilien]] was deserted.<ref name=gondor/><br />
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Eärnur succeeded his father as King of Gondor, and still held the Witch-king in especial hostility due to his humiliation at the Battle of Fornost. [[Third Age 2043|The year]] of his coronation the Witch-king sent him a taunting challenge, but [[Mardil]] the [[steward]] restrained Eärnur from rash action. [[Third Age 2050|Seven years later]] the challenge was repeated, and Eärnur rode with a small escort to Minas Morgul; none ever returned, and there was no longer a King in Gondor.<ref name=gondor>{{App|Gondor}}</ref><br />
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After this the Witch-king bided his time. He and the Nazgûl built up their armies, including the terrible new orc-race of [[Uruks]]. In {{TA|2475|n}} he sent them out to capture [[Osgiliath]], which they did successfully. They were driven out by [[Boromir (Steward of Gondor)|Boromir]], [[Ruling Steward|Steward]] of [[Gondor]], who led campaigns to recapture Ithilien, but Osgiliath now lay completely in ruins and the region was left devastated and depopulated. Boromir was a great captain, and even the Witch-king feared him, but he was felled by a Morgul-wound and his rule was but twelve years.<ref>{{App|Stewards}}, entry for Steward Boromir, p. 1053</ref><br />
<br />
=== Hunt for the Ring ===<br />
Sauron declared himself openly in {{TA|2951|n}}, and sent three of his Ringwraiths to [[Dol Guldur]] (though the Witch-king was left in Minas Morgul). Then, by lucky chance, the creature [[Gollum]] was captured and interrogated. Under torture, the wretched creature revealed the tale of [[the One Ring]] and how it came to be in his possession. But from his words, Sauron misunderstood that the land of the hobbits who stole the Ring was on the banks of the [[Gladden River]], whence Gollum originally came from.<ref name="thirteen">{{UT|Hunt}}, p. 338-341</ref> Sauron sent the Nine, under the leadership of the Witch-king, invisible and uncloaked, to search for the Ring after the assault of Osgiliath.<br />
<br />
[[Khamûl]], the Witch-king’s lieutenant, reported that he was unable to find the “[[the Shire|Shire]]” in the vales of [[Anduin]]. The Witch-king was determined to search north and west until Gollum was found, or the Shire. But plans were halted when Sauron received word of the events in Gondor and the doings of the turncoat [[Saruman]], and concluded that the Wise did not yet have possession of the Ring. He sent the Ringwraiths to [[Isengard]] in the form of [[Nazgûl|Black Riders]], and as they passed through Rohan their terror was so great that many fled the land, believing the Riders heralded an invasion. <br />
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They arrived at Isengard too late to prevent the escape of the captured wizard [[Gandalf]]; Saruman realized he had been revealed as a traitor to both sides due to his transparent lust for the Ring, and having no chance of deceiving Sauron any further, fortified himself in Isengard. The Witch-king did not have enough power with him to assault Saruman in his great fortress. He demanded the Wizard come forth, but received only the voice of Saruman. Nonetheless cunning and wary, Saruman convinced the Witch-king that Gandalf alone knew where the Shire and the Ring were, and so the Nine went out in search of him.<ref name="thirteen"/><br />
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The Ringwraiths came upon the traitor called [[Gríma|Wormtongue]] and questioned him. The terrified man told them everything he knew; that Gandalf had passed through Rohan, where the Shire was, and even that Saruman had lied to them. The Witch-king spared Wormtongue’s life, foreseeing that Wormtongue would bring ruin to Saruman. He divided his wraiths into four pairs, and went with the swiftest to [[Minhiriath]]. Along the way they captured several spies of Saruman, and found to their delight charts and maps of the Shire. They sent along the spy to [[Bree]], warning them that they now belonged to Mordor, not Saruman.<ref name="thirteen"/><br />
[[File:Francesco Amadio - Amon Sul.jpg|thumb|left|220px|''Amon Sul'' by [[:Category:Images by Francesco Amadio|Francesco Amadio]]]]<br />
They came to [[Sarn Ford]], but the [[Dúnedain]] [[Rangers of the North|Rangers]] prevented them from crossing. The Rangers sent for their captain, [[Aragorn II]], as he was away, but defeating the Nazgûl was a task beyond the power of the Dúnedain, and may have been so even had Aragorn been present; the Ringwraiths attacked at night, capturing the ford and killing many of the Rangers. A few survivors fled northward to warn Aragorn of the wraiths' approach, but were pursued and slain or driven off into the wilds.<ref name="thirteen"/> The Witch-king sent three Ringwraiths under Khamûl into the Shire while he went east with the others.<ref>{{App|Great}}, entry for the year 3018, September 22, p. 1091</ref> But they had come too late: the Ring had moved on in the hands of a hobbit, [[Frodo Baggins]].<ref name=Knife>{{FR|Knife}}</ref><br />
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=== Pursuit of the Ring ===<br />
Khamûl was unsuccessful, but brought word from the spy they had spared in Bree. The man had witnessed a vanishing act on Frodo's part, and had organized an attack on the inn. The Witch-king assumed that Frodo would head east to [[Rivendell]], and sent four wraiths to [[Weathertop]],<ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 164-6</ref> the ruins of the tower he had destroyed long ago. He went south along the [[Greenway]] and discovered nothing. Gandalf followed them, but the Witch-king let him slip ahead, and attacked him on Weathertop. Gandalf escaped at dawn, and again the Witch-king divided his force and sent four after the wizard while he and Khamûl remained near Weathertop to watch it.<ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 167-8</ref><br />
<br />
The chieftain of the Dúnedain, Aragorn II, had become the guide of the hobbits, and led them to Weathertop, where they were spotted and attacked by the Ringwraiths led by the Witch-king. The Witch-king advanced on Frodo, and the terrified hobbit put on the Ring, seeing the wraiths as they truly were. The Witch-king was taller than the others, with long hair and a crown set on his helm. When Frodo resisted the wraith's approach, and invoked the name of [[Varda|Elbereth]], the Witch-king stabbed Frodo in the shoulder.<ref name=Knife/> The tip of his [[Morgul-knife|blade]] broke off and remained in Frodo's shoulder.<ref>{{FR|Meetings}}, pp. 221-2</ref> Then Aragorn counterattacked with flaming brands.<ref name=Knife/> The Witch-king departed with the other Nazgûl, believing that his objective was completed.<br />
<br />
He resumed the pursuit quickly, though,<ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from ''The Hunt for the Ring'', pp. 180-1</ref> and found that Khamûl had been driven from the [[Last Bridge]] by his old enemy [[Glorfindel]]. The Witch-king, who only had one companion with him, was likewise unable to confront him openly.<ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 194</ref> They regrouped and went south, rejoining with the other four. They managed to pick up the trail of the company of the Ring, and despite hindrance from Glorfindel and Aragorn managed to pursue Frodo alone on [[Asfaloth]]. The pursuit came to the [[Ford of Bruinen]], and there Frodo compelled the horse to stop. The Witch-king saw his defiance and laughed, breaking his sword with a movement of his hand. But the waters of the [[Bruinen]] rose at [[Elrond]]'s command, sweeping the Nine downstream.<ref name="fourteen">{{FR|Flight}}</ref><ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from ''The Hunt for the Ring'', p. 195-6</ref><br />
<br />
=== War of the Ring ===<br />
[[File:Angus McBride - Gandalf facing Witch-king.gif|thumb|''Gandalf facing the Witch-king'' by [[Angus McBride]]]]<br />
The Witch-king took the only surviving horse back to [[Mordor]], arriving there in December. In addition, help was sent to the other eight Nazgûl when they were on their way back.<ref>{{HM|RC}}, citing from a manuscript of The Hunt for the Ring, p. 262</ref> In [[Minas Morgul]] they prepared for a grand invasion of [[Gondor]] at the order of their master. The Witch-king was given by Sauron added "demonic" force.<ref name="fifteen">{{L|210}}, p. 272</ref> On 10 March {{TA|3019|n}},<ref>{{App|Great}}, entry for the year 3019, March 10, p. 1093</ref> the signal was given and Minas Morgul was emptied. The Witch-king rode at the head of the army clothed in black with a crown on his hooded head. As the Witch-king passed out of the gates of the dead city in the direction of Ithilien, he stopped, probably sensing the presence of [[The One Ring|the One Ring]], but he continued riding down the road after a while.<ref>{{TT|Stairs}}, p. 706</ref><br />
<br />
The army from Minas Morgul commanded by the Witch-king was reinforced by regiments of [[Haradrim]] outnumbered the forces of [[Faramir]], [[Ruling Steward|Steward]] [[Denethor|Denethor II]]'s son, who defended the fords over the river [[Anduin]] at [[Osgiliath]] ten times and soon managed to cross the river in a large numbers of floats and barges, which they had secretly built on the eastern side of Osgiliath on the eastern side of the river. As a consequence, Faramir retreated with his men to the [[Causeway Forts]] at the [[Rammas Echor]].<ref name="Siege">{{RK|Siege}}, p. 817</ref> The Rammas Echor was breached, and the [[Pelennor Fields]] were overrun. Other wraiths he sent out mounted on [[Fell beasts]]. Faramir was wounded by a dart and the [[Black Breath|black breath]], but his company was saved by a sortie. Then the Witch-king laid siege to [[Minas Tirith]] itself, sending fire and the heads of the dead Gondorians into the city via catapults. Then he launched the assault.<br />
<br />
He sent [[Grond (battering ram)|Grond]] out first, accompanying it in person so as to be the first to enter the city. Three times Grond struck the gate, empowered by the sorcery of the Witch-king. The third time the Gate shattered in a flash of fire. The Witch-king passed into Minas Tirith, but was confronted by Gandalf on [[Shadowfax]]. Gandalf forbade him entry, but the Witch-king laughed and put on a show of power.<br />
<br />
{{Blockquote|The Black Rider flung back his hood, and behold! he had a kingly crown; and yet upon no head visible was it set. The red fires shone between it and the mantled shoulders vast and dark. From a mouth unseen there came a deadly laughter.<br>'Old fool!' he said. 'Old fool! This is my hour. Do you not know Death when you see it? Die now and curse in vain!' And with that he lifted high his sword and flames ran down the blade.|''[[The Return of the King]]'', "[[The Siege of Gondor]]"}}<br />
<br />
=== Fall ===<br />
[[File:Alarie - Eowyn and the Witchking 2.jpg|thumb|left|''Éowyn and the Witch-king'' by [[:Category:Images by Alarie|Alarie]]]]<br />
As Gandalf stood resolute before the Witch-king, the [[Rohirrim]] arrived. Thus he departed, mounting a fell beast and descending upon King [[Théoden]] who led the attack. [[Snowmane]], the King's horse, collapsed with a dart in the side, and Théoden was crushed beneath him. But the rider [[Dernhelm]] defied the Witch-king. The Witch-king threatened Dernhelm with a terrible death, but the rider revealed that she was a woman, [[Éowyn]], and the Witch-king remembered the words of Glorfindel. He hesitated, but then moved forward. Éowyn decapitated the fell beast, but the Witch-king rose and struck her down with his mace, breaking her shield-arm. Then the hobbit [[Meriadoc Brandybuck]] stabbed him in the sinew of his leg with the [[Daggers of Westernesse|blade of Westernesse]] (though there was much pain in Meriadoc's arm afterwards), as he drew back to kill the woman. Then Éowyn rose and drove her sword through where his invisible head was, and the sword broke as his crown toppled. The Witch-king gave a great and horrible wail, perishing at last (in the [[Letters]] it is said he was “reduced to impotence”).<ref name="Pelennor">{{RK|Battle}}</ref><br />
<br />
So the prophecy of Glorfindel was fulfilled, for the Witch-king did not fall at the hands of a man, but that of [[Éowyn|a woman]]; and not by a [[Men|Man]] but [[Meriadoc Brandybuck|a Halfling]]. With his defeat, and the coming of Aragorn II in the black ships, the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]] was lost by Sauron.<br />
<br />
== Other versions of the legendarium ==<br />
In the early versions of the story, the Witch King was planned to survive the Pelennor Fields battle and appear as the ambassador at the [[Black Gate]] instead of the [[Mouth of Sauron]].<ref>{{WR|3|XIII}}</ref> In early manuscripts he even survived after [[Frodo]] has thrown the Ring in [[Sammath Naur]], blocking the door and saying: “Here we all end together”. At this point, either Sam appears at his back and stabs him, or Frodo commands him to follow the Ring leaping into the Chasm of Fire.<ref>{{SD|1|Mordor}}</ref><ref>{{HM|RC}}, “[[Mount Doom]]”</ref><br />
<br />
In the rare manuscript ''[[The Hunt for the Ring|The Hunt for the Ring: Time Scheme - Black Riders]]'', Tolkien speculates that the Witch-King might be afraid of Frodo, as he invoked [[Elbereth]] (a “name of terror for the Nazgûl”) and he could have slain the Barrow-wight.<ref name=RC>{{HM|RC}}, "Flight to the Ford", p. 180</ref><br />
<br />
== Etymology ==<br />
While in modern English ''witch'' has mostly female connotations, referring to a hag or sorceress, in middle-English <br />
''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witch_(word) wicche]'' had no gender distinction; the preference of ''witch'' for female persons (the males referred more usually as ''wizzards'') evolved later through the centuries. Tolkien uses the archaic, gender-unspecific meaning of the term, which was "a man who practises witchcraft or magic; a magician, sorcerer or wizard".<ref>{{HM|RC}}, p. 21 citing from the 'Oxford English Dictionary'</ref><br />
<br />
== Other names ==<br />
* Witch-king of Angmar<ref>{{App|Gondor}}, entry for King Eärnil II, p. 1050</ref> - "Witch" most likely coming from his background in sorcery, and "king" after his establishment of the realm of Angmar in 1300.<br />
* Witch-lord of Angmar<ref>{{FR|Hobbits}}, p. 5</ref><br />
* Lord of the Nazgûl<ref>{{RK|Siege}}, p. 819 and p. 829</ref><ref>{{RK|Battle}}, pp. 839-40</ref><br />
* Lord of the Ringwraiths<ref>{{RK|Tower}}, p. 900</ref><ref>{{RK|Shadow}}, p. 919</ref><br />
* Chieftain of the Ringwraiths<ref>{{UT|Black}}</ref><br />
* Lord of the Nine Riders<ref name=Stairs>{{TT|Stairs}}, p. 706</ref><br />
* King of the Nine Riders<ref>{{TT|Stairs}}, p. 708</ref><br />
* Wraith-lord<ref name=Stairs/><br />
* Wraith-king<ref>{{TT|Stairs}}, p. 707</ref><br />
* High Nazgûl<ref>{{TT|Choices}}, p. 738</ref><br />
* King of Minas Morgul<ref name=Eärnur>{{App|Gondor}}, entry for King Eärnur, p. 1052</ref><br />
* Lord of Morgul<ref name=Eärnur/><br />
* Morgul-lord<ref>{{FR|Meetings}}, p. 220</ref><br />
* Black Captain<ref>{{RK|Siege}}, p. 817 and p. 829</ref><ref>{{RK|Ride}}, p. 837</ref><ref>{{RK|Battle}}, p. 842</ref><br />
* Captain of Despair<ref>{{RK|Siege}}, p. 819</ref><br />
* [[Dwimmerlaik]]<ref name=Eowyn>{{RK|Battle}}, p. 841</ref><br />
* Lord of carrion<ref name=Eowyn/><br />
* Number One<ref>{{RK|Shadow}}, p. 925</ref><br />
<br />
== Inspiration ==<br />
An undead witch-king named ''Þráinn'' appears in ''[[:Wikipedia:Hrómundar saga Gripssonar|Hrómundar saga Gripssonar]]''. It is possible that this was Tolkien's source of inspiration.{{fact}}<br />
<br />
<!-- I think that the Shapeskearean inspiration is told in Carpenter's biography --><br />
The prophecy that the Witch-king would fall "not by the hand of man" and the fulfillment of the prophecy occurring as a technicality (being slain by a hobbit and a woman) bears a striking resemblance to the prophecy regarding the title character's death in Shakespeare's ''Macbeth'', where it was foretold that Macbeth will be slain "not by man born of woman" and is then killed by Macduff, born by caesarian section. Tolkien was familiar with the play, having reputedly taken inspiration for the Last March of the Ents from the same source (See article ''[[Ents]]'' for details).<br />
<br />
== Portrayal in adaptations == <br />
The Witch-king's true name is never given, and therefore among [[Tolkien fandom|Tolkien fans]], the Witch-king is often simply called ''Angmar'', after the name of the realm he founded and led. It is possible that he was one of the three [[Black Númenóreans]] Tolkien stated had become Nazgûl, or possibly [[Isilmo]], a Númenórean prince and father of Tar-Minastir. This possibility was adopted by the now defunct [[Middle-earth Role Playing]] game and [[Mithril Miniatures]] where he is named ''Er-Murazor'', a Númenórean prince and younger son of [[Tar-Ciryatan]]. <br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=The Witch-king in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=200<br />
|lines=3<br />
|File:The Return of the King (1980 film) - Witch-King.jpg|The Witch-king in [[The Return of the King (1980 film)|''The Return of the King'' (1980 film)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings - The Return of the King - Witch-king.jpg|The Witch-king in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]''<br />
|File:Witchking ea rotk.jpg|The Witch-king from [[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King'' (video game)]]<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings online Shadows of Angmar - Witch-king 1.jpg|The Witch-king in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings War in the North - Witch-king of Angmar.png|The Witch-king in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]''<br />
|File:Shadow of War - The Witch King.png|The Witch-king in ''[[Middle-earth: Shadow of War]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== Films ===<br />
'''1978: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]:'''<br />
:The Witch-king is shown with no distinction from the other [[Nazgûl|Ringwraiths]]; all are robed in brown and black, and none seem to be able to talk clearly.<br />
<br />
'''1980: [[The Return of the King (1980 film)|''The Return of the King'' (1980 film)]]:'''<br />
:The Witch-king is portrayed as a humanoid figure with no head. Red eyes glare under a golden crown. His dialogue is more or less as in the books, albeit in a strange and somewhat unfitting electronic voice. After a stab from behind by [[Meriadoc Brandybuck|Merry]], [[Éowyn]] beheads him. It is worthy of note that the Witch-king is seen with the [[Red Eye]] of [[Barad-dûr]] as his emblem and faction, rather than the grim moon of [[Minas Morgul]]. <br />
<br />
'''2001-03: [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
:The Witch-king is called the "Witch-king of [[Angmar]]", the "Lord of the [[Nazgûl]]", and the "Greatest of the Nine" by [[Gandalf]] in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King|The Return of the King]]''; however, no other mention of the kingdom of Angmar itself is made. Also, in that film, there is no mention of [[Glorfindel]]'s prophecy; there is only a claim among the enemy that "no man can kill" the Witch-king. Like the other Nazgûl, he is depicted as a humanoid figure shrouded in a hooded black robe; his only distinguishing feature is a mask-like spiked helmet with a huge mouth. His first mention is when Gandalf tells [[Peregrin Took|Pippin]] while in Minas Tirith that the Dark Lord has not yet revealed his "deadliest" servant: the Witch-king, the one that "stabbed [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo]] on [[Weathertop]]". <br />
<br />
:During the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]], the Witch-king's army uses the ram [[Grond (battering ram)|Grond]] to break through the city gates early in the battle (after the failure of a lesser ram), and the Witch-king is not present to confront Gandalf as he is in the book. The confrontation takes place later, as Pippin and Gandalf race to the tombs to save [[Faramir]], and the Witch-king intercepts them. Unlike in the book, this meeting decisively favors the Witch-king, who breaks Gandalf's staff and throws the wizard to the ground before leaving to deal with the arrival of the [[Rohirrim]]. Gandalf's face shows obvious fear in this scene, in comparison to the resolution (for "victory or death") in the books.<br />
<br />
:The Witch-king's final stand on the battlefield occurs with less dialogue than in the book, and the weapons used to defeat him are both mundane: Merry's sword is not a [[Daggers of Westernesse|dagger]] from the [[Barrow-downs]], but rather the Rohirric sword that [[Théoden]] had as a child. This does makes it somewhat confusing in the film whether the Witch-King was truly destroyed in this fight (as he was in the book), or whether we was temporarily incapacitated (as at the ford of Bruinen) and later perished along with his fellow Nazgul due to the One Ring's destruction.<br />
<br />
:Eight actors are known to have played some part of the Witch-king. <br />
# An unidentified extra portrayed the "King of Men" in the prologue. He was chosen to be the Witch-king simply because he was the smallest of the nine.<br />
# [[Shane Rangi]] did the horse chase. <br />
# [[Fran Walsh]] provided the "Ringwraith scream".<br />
# Effects technician Ben Price played the Witch-king in "many scenes"<ref>http://www.decipher.com/content/2004/07/072904lotrwetaprops.html</ref><br />
# [[Brent McIntyre]] is officially credited as the Witch-king in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring|The Fellowship of the Ring]]''. He stabbed Frodo.<br />
# [[Lawrence Makoare]] filled the robe of the Witch-king in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King|The Return of the King]]''.<br />
# [[Mark Ferguson]] filled the heavy armoured costume when Makoare felt claustrophobic.<ref>http://www.markferguson.net/articles/interview_Nautilus20.html</ref><br />
# [[Andy Serkis]] provided the voice of the Witch-king in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]''.<br />
<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series) ]]:'''<br />
:The Witch-king is mentioned to have been defeated years ago, and his body sealed by the "Men of the North" in a very deep and dark tomb in the "[[High Fells of Rhudaur]]". His [[wraith]], apparently summoned by the [[Sauron#Sauron's Return|Necromancer]], is encountered by [[Radagast]] in the ruins of [[Dol Guldur]], but the [[Wizards|Wizard]] fends him off and salvages the Witch-king's [[Morgul-knife|Morgul blade]] in the struggle.<br />
<br />
:In the [[Attack on Dol Guldur]], The Witch-King, along with the other Nazgûl, participates by fighting [[Saruman]] and [[Elrond]], members of the [[White Council]]. In the end, he and the other Nine are driven back to [[Mordor]] by [[Galadriel]] and her [[Phial of Galadriel|phial]], [[Sauron|his master]] also eventually following suit.<br />
<br />
:No actor is known to have played the Witch-king in this film series.<br />
<br />
=== Television ===<br />
'''1993: [[Hobitit|''Hobitit'']]:'''<br />
:The Witch-king is shown without distinction of the other Nazgûl. He was portrayed through computer-graphics.<br />
<br />
=== Radio series ===<br />
'''1956: [[The Lord of the Rings (1955 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1955 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:The Black Captain is played by [[Felix Felton]].<ref name="RT1727">Radio Times, Volume 133, No. 1727, [[14 December|December 14]], [[1956]]</ref><br />
<br />
'''1981: [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]]:'''<br />
:The role of The Lord of the Nazgul, as he is always credited in this production, is expanded with material from ''[[The Hunt for the Ring]]''. He is the second speaking character in the series: he is the one who captures [[Gollum]], though he is not identified as such until the credits. [[Philip Voss]] provided the voice for The Lord of the Nazgul.<br />
<br />
'''1992: [[Der Herr der Ringe (1992 German radio series)|''Der Herr der Ringe'' (1992 German radio series)]]:'''<br />
:The Witch-king of Angmar is played by Christian Mey. The character is credited as the Lord of the Nazgul.<br />
<br />
'''2001-2003: [[Pán prsteňov (2001-2003 Slovak radio series)|''Pán prsteňov'' (2001-2003 Slovak radio series)]]:'''<br />
:The voice of the Witch-king of Angmar is provided by Jozef Švoňavský. The character is credited only as the Lord of the Nazgul, not by his Witch-king epithet.<br />
<br />
=== Games ===<br />
'''2002: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''<br />
:The Witch-king is shown without distinction of the other Nazgûl.<br />
<br />
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King'' (video game)]]'':'''<br />
:The Witch-king's role and voice are similar to that of the film, but his appearance is different. An early helmet design, that had been removed from the film because it resembled [[Sauron]]'s helm too much, was used here, presumably because there was no time to make a new character model.<br />
<br />
'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring]]'':'''<br />
:Witch-King is one the main "Hero" units for the Servants of Sauron, his signature ability is being able to turn Wights into Nazgûl. The evil campaign storyline shows him reclaiming Dol Guldur for Sauron.<br />
<br />
'''2004: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth]]'':'''<br />
:Witch-King is a "Hero" unit for Mordor faction. He is an airborne unit riding on a Fell Beast and one of the strongest units in the game.<br />
<br />
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''<br />
:In addition to his appearance from the first game, the Witch-King can now also dismount and become a landscape unit armed with a mace. <br />
<br />
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:The Witch-king is a non-playable character present in several scenes. His most memorable appearance takes place in the Great Barrow within the Barrow-Downs. There are also multiple references to him in quest dialogue, the most notable is that the Witch-King for whatever reason cannot return to rule [[Carn Dum]] and instead has erected a Steward named [[Mordirith]] to rule in his place, in mockery of the Stewards of Gondor.<br />
<br />
'''2009: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: Conquest]]'':'''<br />
:In the campaign for the "Evil" side, the Witch-King is revived by other Nazgûl right before Sauron reclaims The One Ring.<br />
<br />
''''2011: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'':'''<br />
:The Witch-king appears in a flashback of the playable characters during the prologue of the game. He and the other [[Nazgûl]] attack and destroy the [[Rangers of the North|Ranger]] camp at [[Sarn Ford]]. Shortly after he speaks with [[Agandaûr]], who explains that he has assembled an army in [[Fornost]]. The Witch-king commands him to return and attack immediately, to aid in the [[Hunt of the Ring]].<ref>[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]], ''Prologue''</reF><br />
<br />
''''2017: ''[[Middle-earth: Shadow of War]]'':'''<br />
:The Witch-king is featured in the game. Voiced by Matthew Mercer, he serves as the main antagonist of the game. At the bidding of Sauron, he leads the siege on the city of Minas Ithil, making an adversary out of [[Talion]], in whom he takes a particular interest. Ensnaring General Castamir by promising the safety of his daughter, Idril, the Witch-king conquers the city for the Dark Lord. Using a [[palantír]] within Minas Ithil - now Minas Morgul - he sees that [[Celebrimbor]]'s New Ring is in [[Shelob]]'s hands. The Witch-king reveals what he has learned to his master, who rewards his allegiance with the reins of Minas Morgul and sends him to retrieve the New Ring.<ref>[[Middle-earth: Shadow of War]], ''Prologue''</reF><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
*[[Nazgûl|Ringwraiths]]<br />
<br />
{{references|n}}<br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
|race=evil<br />
|house=[[Nazgûl]] of [[Sauron]]<br />
|born=Before {{SA|2251}}<br />
|died=[[15 March]], {{TA|3019}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
|pvac=None<br />
|prev=Position established<br />
|list=Lord of the [[Nazgûl]]<br />
|dates={{SA|2251}} - [[15 March]], {{TA|3019}}<br />
|next=[[Khamûl]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
|pvac=None<br />
|prev=New title<br />
|list=King of [[Angmar]]<br />
|dates={{TA|1300}} - {{TA|1975|n}}<br />
|next=Title abolished<br />
|nvac=None<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
{{lordoftheringsfilms}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:Nazgûl]]<br />
[[Category:Second Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Servants of Sauron]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Der Hexenkönig von Angmar]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/hommes/3a/nazgul/roi-sorcier]]<br />
[[fi:Noitakuningas]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Gothmog_(balrog)&diff=385361Gothmog (balrog)2024-02-03T14:58:30Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{disambig-two|the Balrog of the First Age|the Lieutenant of Morgul|[[Gothmog (Lieutenant of Morgul)]]}}<br />
{{evil infobox<br />
| name=Gothmog<br />
| image=[[Image:Ted Nasmith - Fingon and Gothmog.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Fingon and Gothmog" by [[Ted Nasmith]]<br />
| pronun=[[Sindarin|S]], {{IPA|[ˈɡoθmoɡ]}}<br />
| othernames=<br />
| titles=<br />
| position=Lord of Balrogs<br />High-captain of Angband<br />
| location=[[Utumno]]<br/ >[[Angband]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Morgoth]]<br />
| language=<br />
| birth=[[Creation of the Ainur]]<br />
| birthlocation=[[Timeless Halls]]<br />
| rule=<br />
| death={{FA|510}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Fall of Gondolin]]<br />
| slayer=[[Ecthelion]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=Killing [[Fëanor]], [[Fingon]] and [[Ecthelion]]<br/>Capturing [[Húrin]]<br/>Being victorious in [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]]<br/>Leading the assault on [[Gondolin]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=<br />
| race=[[Maiar|Maia]] ([[Balrog]])<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Possibly twice man-height<br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=Black axe and whip<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
'''Gothmog''' was the Lord of [[Balrogs]] and the High-captain of Angband, one of the foremost captains of the Dark Lord [[Morgoth]] during the [[First Age]].<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
He is first mentioned at the [[Dagor-nuin-Giliath]] when his Balrogs surrounded and attacked [[Fëanor]], whom Gothmog himself mortally wounded, before they were forced to depart to Angband when the [[Sons of Fëanor]] came to their fathers aid.<ref>{{S|Flight}}</ref> <br />
<br />
He next appeared at the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]] where he was named high-captain of [[Angband]], signifying his status as one of Morgoth's most important servants.<ref group=note>[[Sauron]], Morgoth's chief agent, played a more domestic role compared to Gothmog’s front-line role</ref> There at the Nirnaeth Arnoediad he slew [[Fingon]], thus allowing him to boast of having slain two of the five [[High Kings of the Noldor]].<ref>{{S|Fifth}}</ref> During this same battle he captured [[Húrin|Húrin Thalion]] alive by the command of Morgoth, although this order allowed Húrin to slaughter many of Gothmog's troll-guards he was eventually captured, bound and dragged to Angband by Gothmog.<ref>{{CH|2}}</ref>{{rp|59}}<br />
<br />
His final appearance was as the marshal of the hosts at the [[Fall of Gondolin]], where he slew, and was slain by, [[Ecthelion of the Fountain|Ecthelion]] in the square of the King.<ref>{{S|Gondolin}}</ref> <br />
<br />
== Etymology ==<br />
{{Pronounce|Gothmog.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
The name ''Gothmog'' is derived from the roots GOS-/GOTH- ("dread"), and MBAW- ("compel, force, subject, oppress") (found also in the title for Morgoth ''Bauglir'': the tyrant or oppressor).<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}</ref>{{rp|359, 372}}<br />
<br />
== Other versions of the legendarium ==<br />
=== The Book of Lost Tales ===<br />
[[File:Abe Papakhian - Ecthelion and Gothmog (colour).jpg|thumb|''Ecthelion and Gothmog'' by [[:Category:Images by Abe Papakhian|Abe Papakhian]]]]<br />
Gothmog already appears in the earliest stage of the [[legendarium]] of ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]''. His name is [[Gnomish]] and means "Strife-and-hatred".<ref name=List>{{LT2|IIIn}}, p. 216</ref> Other [[Qenya]] names were '''Kalimbo''',<ref>{{PE|14}}, p. 12</ref> '''Kosomot'''<ref>{{LT1|IIIn}}, p. 93</ref> or '''Kosmoko'''.<ref name=List></ref><br />
<br />
In the character list appended to ''[[The Fall of Gondolin (chapter)|The Fall of Gondolin]]'' Gothmog was described as "a son of Melko and the ogress [[Fluithuin]],"<ref>{{LT2|IIIn}}</ref>{{rp|216}} but eventually, the idea that the Valar had [[Valarindi|children]] was discarded altogether.<br />
<br />
According to the own Lost Tale, when the armies of Melko attacked [[Gondolin]] and surrounded it, they could not climb the slippery stone of [[Amon Gwareth]]. Then Gothmog led them to the northern gate of the city and piled his iron siege equipment against it until it broke from sheer pressure.<ref name="III">{{LT2|III}}</ref>{{rp|176}} He also took a front-line position against [[Rog]], and with treacherous strategy he cut off the rearguard of the [[House of the Hammer of Wrath]], destroying them completely.<ref name="III"/>{{rp|179}} Later he beat down [[Tuor]] in single combat in the [[Square of the Palace]], but the elf-lord [[Ecthelion|Ecthelion of the Fountain]], who was badly wounded, rose and stood over him. Ecthelion stood no chance against the Lord of Balrogs, and lost his sword in the brief struggle. But then Ecthelion leaped forward, and stabbed Gothmog in the breast with the spike atop his helm. They both fell into the [[Fountain of the King]], where Gothmog, if not already killed by the spike, drowned with his opponent.<ref name="III"/>{{rp|183-4}}<br />
<br />
=== Later concepts ===<br />
In one of Tolkien's early Middle-earth writings, ''[[The Lay of the Children of Húrin]]'', "[[Lungorthin]], Lord of Balrogs" is mentioned.<ref>{{LB|1e}}, p. 98</ref> It is not, however, certain if it was another name for Gothmog, or it simply meant "a Balrog lord". According to [[Christopher Tolkien]], the latter is more probable, as the name ''Gothmog'' was mentioned in the earliest writings, as well as the final version of Tolkien's mythology.<ref>{{LB|1e}}, Commentary on Part I of the second version, pp. 102-103</ref><br />
<br />
{{references|note}}<br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
|race=evil<br />
|house=[[Maiar|Maia]] of [[Morgoth]]<br />
|born=[[Creation of the Ainur]]<br />
|died={{FA|510}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
|pvac=None<br />
|prev=New title<br />
|list=Lord of [[Balrogs]]<br />
|dates=Before {{YT|1090}} - {{YS|510}}<br />
|next=Unknown<br />
|nrow=2<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
|prev=[[Sauron]]<br />
|list=High-captain of [[Angband]]<br />
|dates={{YT|1495}} - {{YS|510}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
{{ainur}}<br />
{{title}}<br />
[[Category:Balrogs]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Children of Húrin]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Gnomish names]]<br />
[[Category:Maiar]]<br />
[[Category:Servants of Melkor]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin names]]<br />
[[Category:Valarindi]]<br />
[[de:Gothmog (Balrog)]]<br />
[[fi:Gothmog (balrog)]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Days_before_days&diff=385312Days before days2024-02-01T09:16:13Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{History of Arda}}<br />
The '''Days before days''' were three thousand and five hundred [[Valian Years]] that passed ere the measurement of time first known to the [[Eldar]] began with the flowering of the [[Two Trees of Valinor]].<ref>{{MR|P2a}}, p. 51</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
The Days before days began shortly after the [[Music of the Ainur]], when the [[Valar]] descended into [[Arda]]. After they entered the world, it was still lifeless and had no distinct geographical features. However, [[Morgoth|Melkor]] claimed Arda for himself alone, and there were the [[First War]] that ravaged until the coming of [[Tulkas]] whose prowess urged Melkor to retreat.<br />
<br />
[[File:Steven White Jr. - Early Arda.jpg|250px|thumb|left|''Early Arda'' by [[:Category:Images by Steven White Jr.|Steven White Jr.]]]]<br />
<br />
When the Valar finally repaired damage made by Melkor, they chose the initial shape of Arda; it was of a symmetrical continent lit by the [[Two Lamps]]: one in the continent's north, and one in the south, made out of the misty light that veiled the barren ground. The Valar concentrated this light into two colossal vessels, [[Illuin]] and [[Ormal]]. Then [[Aulë|Aulë the Smith]] forged great towers, one in the north, [[Helcar]], and another in the south, [[Ringil (tower)|Ringil]]. In the middle, where the light of the Lamps mingled, the Valar dwelt at the island of [[Almaren]], their first kingdom. Thus the [[Spring of Arda]] flourished upon the Earth.<br />
<br />
[[File:John Howe - The Making of Middle-earth.jpg|250px|thumb|''The Making of Middle-earth'' by [[John Howe]]]]<br />
<br />
The Two Lamps shone until they were destroyed by an assault of Melkor. Arda was again darkened, and the Lamps' fall spoiled the perfect symmetry of Arda's surface, and thus the Spring came to an end. Separate continents were created: [[Aman]] in the far West, [[Middle-earth]], or ''Endor'', in the centre from the north to south, and the [[Land of the Sun]] in the far East. At the site of the northern Lamp the inland [[Sea of Helcar]] later formed, of which [[Cuiviénen]] was a bay. After that the [[Years of the Trees]] began when [[Yavanna]] grew the Two Trees in [[Valinor]]. However, Middle-earth was still covered in [[The Darkness|darkness]] and Melkor dominated it residing in his stronghold [[Utumno]].<ref>{{S|Days}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Other versions of the legendarium==<br />
In [[J.R.R. Tolkien|J.R.R. Tolkien's]] latest writings in which Arda was a [[Round World version of the Silmarillion|round world]] from its beginning, the Sun and Moon (and the Two Trees for a time) had always given light to Arda, and the Two Lamps never existed.<ref>{{MR|Myths}}, p. 375 - 385</ref><br />
<br />
==David Day's books==<br />
In [[David Day|David Day's]] books the period was [[fanon]]ically misnamed "Ages/Years of the Lamps".<ref>[[David Day]], ''[[Tolkien: The Illustrated Encyclopedia]]'', section "History", pp. 14-15</ref> However, J.R.R. Tolkien himself never used such terms, and this is one of many reasons why Day's books are considered highly unreliable and criticised for misinterpretations of [[Legendarium|Tolkien's mythology]].<ref>{{webcite|website=[https://www.dbratman.net/ David Bratman's Home Page]|articleurl=https://www.dbratman.net/tolkien_bib.html|articlename=Recommended books on Tolkien|accessed=21 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{webcite|website=[http://parmarkenta.blogspot.co.uk Parma-kenta]|articleurl=http://parmarkenta.blogspot.co.uk/2013/02/tolkien-transactions-xxxiii.html|articlename=Tolkien Transactions XXXIII|dated=1 February 2013|accessed=21 January 2015}}</ref><br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
[[Timeline#The Days before days|Timeline of the Days before days]]<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Periods]]<br />
[[de:Zeitalter vor den Tagen]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/chronologie/ages/annees_des_valar]]<br />
[[fi:Alkuajat]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Translations&diff=384962Translations2024-01-20T19:29:49Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>Below is a list of '''translations''' of [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]'s works into different languages.<br />
<br />
===[[The Adventures of Tom Bombadil and Other Verses from the Red Book]]===<br />
* Bulgarian, Chinese, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Polish, Portuguese (Brazilian), Persian, Portuguese (European), Russian, Serbian, Spanish, Swedish.<br />
<br />
===[[Beowulf: The Monsters and the Critics]]===<br />
* French, German, Italian, Polish, Russian, Spanish, Swedish.<br />
<br />
===[[Beowulf: A Translation and Commentary]]===<br />
* Dutch, Italian.<br />
<br />
===[[Bilbo's Last Song]]===<br />
* Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese (Brazilian), Russian.<br />
<br />
===[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]] and [[The Book of Lost Tales Part Two]]===<br />
* Czech, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Polish, Portuguese (Brazilian), Russian, Spanish, Swedish.<br />
<br />
===[[The Children of Húrin]]===<br />
* Dutch, Bulgarian, Catalan, Chinese, Croatian, Czech, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese (Brazilian), Portuguese (European), SLovak, Spanish, Swedish, Russian, Turkish.<br />
<br />
===[[The Dragon's Visit]]===<br />
* French, Russian.<br />
<br />
===[[English and Welsh]]===<br />
* French, Italian, Polish, Spanish, Swedish.<br />
<br />
===[[The Fall of Arthur]]===<br />
* Dutch, French, Italian, Portuguese (Brazilian), Portuguese (Portugal), Spanish.<br />
<br />
===[[Farmer Giles of Ham]]===<br />
* Aragonese, Basque, Bulgarian, Catalan, Chinese, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Faeroese, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese (Brazilian), Portuguese (European), Russian, Serbian, Slovenian, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish, Valencian.<br />
<br />
===Farmer Giles of Ham (earlier version of text)===<br />
* French<br />
<br />
===Farmer Giles of Ham (50th anniversary edition, with earliest version and synopsis for sequel)===<br />
* Italian, Portuguese (Brazilian).<br />
<br />
===[[The Father Christmas Letters]] (1976 format)===<br />
* Czech, Danish, Dutch, French, German, Greek, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Polish, Russian, Spanish, Swedish. See also Letters from Father Christmas.<br />
<br />
===[[Goblin Feet]]===<br />
* French, Russian.<br />
<br />
===[[The Hobbit]]===<br />
* ''See [[The Hobbit#Translations|The Hobbit: Translations]]''<br />
<br />
===[[The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth|The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth Beorhthelm's Son]]===<br />
* Czech, Dutch, French, Italian, Japanese, Russian, Spanish, Swedish.<br />
<br />
===[[Imram]]===<br />
* Norwegian, Russian.<br />
<br />
===[[The Lay of Aotrou and Itroun]]===<br />
* Russian, Serbian.<br />
<br />
===[[The Lays of Beleriand]]===<br />
* French, Italian, Portuguese (Brazilian), Spanish.<br />
<br />
===[[Leaf by Niggle]]===<br />
* Bulgarian, Catalan, Chinese, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese (Brazilian), Portuguese (European), Russian, Serbian, Slovenian, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish.<br />
<br />
===Letters from Father Christmas (edn. with facsimiles)===<br />
* Japanese, Portuguese (Brazilian).<br />
<br />
===Letters from Father Christmas (enlarged edn. 1995)===<br />
* Polish.<br />
<br />
===Letters from Father Christmas (2004 edn.)===<br />
* Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Turkish.<br />
<br />
===Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien===<br />
* Dutch, Finnish<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://www.adlibris.com/fi/product.aspx?isbn=9510346861|articlename=Kirjeet|dated=|website=[http://www.adlibris.com AdLibris.com]|accessed=3 March 2013}}</ref>, French, German, Italian, Polish, Portuguese (Brazilian), Russian, Spanish.<br />
<br />
===[[The Lord of the Rings]]===<br />
* Afrikaans, Albanian, Arabic, Armenian (The Fellowship of the Ring only), Azerbaijani, Basque, Belarusian, Bengali (Bangladeshi), Bengali (Indian, The Fellowship of the Ring and The Two Towers only), Bulgarian, Catalan, Chinese, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Esperanto, Estonian, Faroese, Finnish, French, Frisian (The Fellowship of the Ring & The Two Towers only), Galician, Georgian, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Marathi, Norwegian (Bokmål), Norwegian (Nynorsk), Persian, Polish, Portuguese (Brazilian), Portuguese (European), Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Sinhala (The Fellowship of the Ring only), Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish, Swedish, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Uzbek, Vietnamese, YIddish<br />
<br />
===[[The Lost Road and Other Writings]]===<br />
* French, Italian, Portuguese (Brazilian), Spanish.<br />
<br />
===[[Mr. Bliss]]===<br />
* Chinese, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Persian, Portuguese (Brazilian), Spanish, Swedish.<br />
<br />
===[[The Monsters and the Critics and Other Essays]]===<br />
See under constituent parts: Beowulf: The Monsters and the Critics; Prefatory Remarks on Prose Translation of'Beowulf (= On Translating Beowulf); Sir Gawain and the Green Knight; On Fairy-Stories; English and Welsh; A Secret Vice; Valedictory Address.<br />
<br />
===[[Morgoth's Ring]]===<br />
* Spanish.<br />
<br />
===[[Mythopoeia]]===<br />
* Danish, Finnish, French, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Norwegian, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Spanish.<br />
<br />
===[[On Fairy-Stories]]===<br />
* Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese (Brazilian), Russian, Serbian, Spanish, Swedish.<br />
<br />
===[[On Translating Beowulf]]===<br />
* French, German, Italian, Polish, Russian, Spanish, Swedish.<br />
<br />
===[[The Peoples of Middle-earth]]===<br />
* Spanish.<br />
<br />
===[[Pictures by J.R.R. Tolkien]]===<br />
* French, Italian, Spanish.<br />
<br />
===[[The Return of the Shadow]]===<br />
* Spanish.<br />
<br />
===[[The Road Goes Ever On (book)|The Road Goes Ever On: A Song Cycle]]===<br />
* German, Russian (part).<br />
<br />
===[[Roverandom]]===<br />
* Bulgarian, Catalan, Chinese, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Latvian, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese (Brazilian), Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Spanish, Turkish.<br />
<br />
===[[Sauron Defeated]]===<br />
* Spanish (in two volumes).<br />
<br />
===[[A Secret Vice]]===<br />
* French, German, Italian, Polish, Russian, Spanish.<br />
<br />
===[[The Shaping of Middle-earth]]===<br />
* French, Italian, Portuguese (Brazilian), Spanish.<br />
<br />
===[[The Silmarillion]]===<br />
* Bulgarian, Catalan, Chinese, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Icelandic, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese (Brazilian), Portuguese (European), Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish.<br />
<br />
===[[W.P. Ker Lecture|Sir Gawain and the Green Knight]] (lecture)===<br />
* French, German, Italian, Polish, Russian, Spanish.<br />
<br />
===[[Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Pearl and Sir Orfeo]]===<br />
* Italian, Japanese, Polish.<br />
<br />
===[[Smith of Wootton Major]]===<br />
* Afrikaans, Bulgarian, Catalan, Chinese, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese (European), Russian, Serbian, Slovenian, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish, Valencian.<br />
<br />
===Smith of Wootton Major (2005 expanded edn.)===<br />
* French (part), Italian.<br />
<br />
===[[The Story of Kullervo]]===<br />
* Finnish, Italian.<br />
<br />
===[[The Treason of Isengard]]===<br />
* Spanish.<br />
<br />
===[[Tree and Leaf]]===<br />
* See On Fairy-Stories, Leaf by Niggle.<br />
<br />
===[[Unfinished Tales]]===<br />
* Bulgarian, Catalan, Chinese, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese (Brazilian), Portuguese (European), Russian, Spanish, Swedish.<br />
<br />
===Valedictory Address to the University of Oxford (Monsters and the Critics version)===<br />
* French, German, Italian, Polish, Spanish.<br />
<br />
===[[The War of the Jewels]]===<br />
* Spanish<br />
<br />
===[[The War of the Ring]]===<br />
* Spanish.<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
<small>{{CG|CG}}</small><br />
<br />
[[Category:Tolkien Gateway research]]<br />
[[Category:Translators|Translators]]<br />
[[Category:Non-English publications]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Kheled-z%C3%A2ram&diff=384946Kheled-zâram2024-01-20T13:08:16Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>#REDIRECT [[Mirrormere]]<br />
[[Category:Khuzdul words]]<br />
[[Category:Moria]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Nen_Cenedril&diff=384945Nen Cenedril2024-01-20T13:07:53Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>#REDIRECT [[Mirrormere]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Moria]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Kheled-z%C3%A2ram&diff=384944Kheled-zâram2024-01-20T13:07:02Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: Redirected page to Mirrormere</p>
<hr />
<div>#REDIRECT [[Mirrormere]]<br />
[[Category:Khuzdul words]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Mirrormere&diff=384943Mirrormere2024-01-20T13:06:52Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Alan Lee - Mirrormere.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Alan Lee]] - ''Mirrormere'']]<br />
'''Mirrormere''' was a dark lake in [[Dimrill Dale]]<ref name=South>{{FR|South}}, p. 283-4</ref> on the east side of the [[Misty Mountains]].<ref>{{FR|Map}}</ref><br />
<br />
The lake was located less than a mile below the [[Great Gates|East-gate]] of [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]]. It was long and oval with a shape like a great spear-head. The deep water of Mirrormere was dark blue like a clear evening sky seen from a lamp-lit room and had a still surface. Close to the southern end of the lake stood a column with a broken top, which was called [[Durin's Stone]]. A short distance below the lake was a spring with clear ice-cold water that was the source of the river [[Celebrant|Silverlode]]<ref name=Lorien>{{FR|Lorien}}, pp. 333-334</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
According to the [[Dwarves]] of [[Durin's Folk]], after [[Durin|Durin the Deathless]] had awoken at [[Gundabad|Mount Gundabad]] in the north of the [[Misty Mountains]], he travelled south until he came upon this lake. He looked down in it and saw a [[Durin's Crown|crown]] above his head, being the reflection of stars above. Taking the crown as a sign, he founded the great city of Khazad-dûm beneath the mountains that fed Mirrormere.<ref>{{FR|Journey}}, p. 316</ref> A pillar called [[Durin's Stone]] was placed along the banks of the lake to mark the event.<ref name=Lorien/><br />
<br />
On 10 November {{TA|2994}}<ref>{{App|TA}}, entry for the year 2994, p. 1090</ref> [[Balin]], the [[Lord of Moria]] was shot from behind by an [[Orcs|Orc]] when he went alone to Dimrill Dale to look into Mirrormere.<ref>{{FR|Bridge}}, p. 322</ref><br />
<br />
During the events that led up to the [[War of the Ring]], on 15 January {{TA|3019}}<ref>{{App|Great}}, entry for the year 3019, January 15</ref> the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] passed by the lake after escaping [[Moria]]. Despite their hurry, [[Gimli]] would not leave without looking in the lake. [[Frodo Baggins]] and [[Samwise Gamgee]] joined him, and they saw Durin's crown.<ref name=Lorien/><br />
<br />
==Other names==<br />
In [[Khuzdul]], the lake was called '''''[[Kheled-zâram]]'''''<ref name=South/><ref name=Lorien/> (probably "glass-pool" or "glass-lake"),<ref name=Words>{{PE|17}}, entry D '''Kheled-zâram''', p. 37</ref><ref>{{HM|N}}, entry '''Mirrormere''', p. 774</ref> a combination of ''[[kheled]]'' ("glass") and ''[[zâram]]'' ("pool", "lake").<ref>{{RS|4XXVN}}, Note 39</ref><ref>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=https://www.eldamo.org/content/words/word-676696887.html|articlename=Kh. ''Kheled-zâram'' loc.|website=Eldamo|accessed=22 January 2023}}</ref><br />
<br />
The [[Sindarin]] name was '''''Nen Cenedril''''' ("Lake Looking-glass"),<ref name=Words/><ref>{{RS|4XXVN}}, note 39, p. 466</ref> a combination of ''[[nen]]'' ("lake") and ''cenedril'' ("looking-glass", literalle "looking-crystal").<ref>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=https://www.eldamo.org/content/words/word-4071450281.html|articlename=S. ''Nen Cenedril'' loc.|website=Eldamo|accessed=22 January 2023}}</ref><br />
<br />
The [[Quenya]] name was '''''Angal-limpë''''', containing ''angal'' ("mirror"). Abandoned versions of this name were ''Angal-millë'' and ''angalailin''.<ref>{{NM|P3xvi}}, pp. 350, 353</ref><br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
:Mirrormere is located just west of the [[Great Gates|East-gate]] and is the source of [[Celebrant]]. The player can make out stars on the surface of the lake during the day light hours and more clearly during the night time.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[:Category:Images of Mirrormere|Images of Mirrormere]]<br />
{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Lakes]]<br />
[[Category:Moria]]<br />
[[de:Spiegelsee]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/eaux/monts_brumeux/kheled-zaram]]<br />
[[fi:Kuvastaja]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Azanulbizar&diff=384942Azanulbizar2024-01-20T12:48:37Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>#REDIRECT [[Dimrill Dale]]<br />
[[Category:Khuzdul words]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Nanduhirion&diff=384941Nanduhirion2024-01-20T12:48:00Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>#REDIRECT [[Dimrill Dale]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Nanduhirion&diff=384940Nanduhirion2024-01-20T12:46:35Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>#REDIRECT [[Dimrill Dale]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin names]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Azog&diff=384897Azog2024-01-19T11:56:27Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{orc infobox<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| image=[[File:Pascal Yung - Azog.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Azog" by [[:Category:Images by Pascal Yung|Pascal Yung]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=<br />
| titles=''the Goblin''<ref name="Party">{{H|Party}}</ref><br />
| position=[[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| location=[[Moria]]<br/>[[Dimrill Dale|Azanulbizar]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Orcs of the Misty Mountains]]<br />
| language=''Presumably'' [[Orkish]] and [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=<br />
| death={{TA|2799}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Battle of Azanulbizar]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=Killing [[Thrór]];<br/>igniting the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=[[Bolg]]<br />
| race=<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Tall<ref name="App">{{App|Durin}}</ref><br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
'''Azog''' was an [[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain of [[Moria]], who started the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] when he slew [[Thrór]].<ref name=Party/> He was himself slain by [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin II Ironfoot]] in the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]], and was succeeded by his son [[Bolg]].<ref name="App"/><ref name="Burst">{{H|Burst}}</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Little is known of Azog's origins, but he was the chief of the [[Orcs of the Misty Mountains|Orcs of Moria]], and apparently the most important Orcs warlord of the northern lands. The average lifespan of an Orc is unknown, but it is conceivable that he was one of those sent to Moria by [[Sauron]] in about {{TA|2480}}.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He had one son, Bolg, who succeeded him after his death.<ref name="Burst"/><br />
<br />
[[File:Steamey - Azog and Nár.jpg|thumb|left|''Azog and Nár'' by [[:Category:Images by Steamey|Steamey]]]]<br />
<br />
Azog entered history in the year {{TA|2790|n}} due to [[Kings of Durin's Folk|King]] Thrór's desire to revisit and perhaps refound the lost realm of [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]], in whose mighty ruins Azog dwelt.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He entered the [[Great Gates]], but Azog and his orcs captured and slew him, and branded his hewn head with his own name, "AZOG". He flung the head at [[Nár]] who waited outside, then a money purse containing "few coins of little worth", warning that he would tolerate no future Dwarf beggars entering his domain at Moria.<br />
<br />
When news of this reached Thrór's heir [[Thráin]], he was greatly angered, and mustered a force of [[Dwarves]] to seek revenge on Azog. So the War of the Dwarves and Orcs began: the [[Durin's Folk|Longbeards]] hunted Azog, and many battles were fought beneath the earth. After nine years of constant warfare, the climactic Battle of [[Dimrill Dale|Azanulbizar]] was fought before the gates of Moria itself in the year {{TA|2799|n}}.<ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
King Thráin II and his son [[Thorin|Thorin]] were in that battle, near the end of which, Azog emerged from the inner gate with his guards, Náin was exhausted and half blind with rage. He tried to swing as hard as he could, but Azog darted aside and Náin missed, splintering his mattocks on the ground. The orc kicked him in the leg when he dodged the Dwarf's blow, making him stumble, at which point Azog attempted to thrust and behead him, succeeding only in breaking Náin's neck because of the strong mail he was wearing. At this point, Azog noticed his retreating forces and retreated back inside. As he did, Dáin II chased him up the steps and beheaded him with a single mighty srtike, which became forever known as a deed of great valor considering Dáin's young age. Azog's head was impaled on a spike, with the same coin-filled purse stuffed in his mouth that he had flung at Nár after he killed Thrór nine years before.<ref name="App"/><br />
<br />
Azog's underground dominions in the north, though greatly reduced in the War, fell to his son Bolg, who held them for almost 150 years until he too met his end at the [[Battle of Five Armies]] in the year {{TA|2941|n}}.<ref name="Burst"/><ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Azog.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
The meaning and origin of the name ''Azog'' is unknown. It is most likely a name in the [[Black Speech]], though [[Mágol]] may also be a possibility.<ref>{{HM|RB}}, p. 787, note 38</ref><br />
<br />
[[Andreas Moehn]] has noted an apparent but tentative similarity with [[Mannish]], in the [[Adunaic]] word ''[[zagar]]'' meaning "sword", in which case ''Azog'' might refer to "warrior" or anything similar.<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Andreas Moehn]]|articleurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930151024/http:/lalaith.vpsurf.de/Tolkien/Atani.html|articlename=Etymologies of the Atani languages|dated=18 July 2002|website=Middle-earth Science Pages (Internet Archive)|accessed=31.7.2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| AZO |AZO='''AZOG'''<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2799}}'' </small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |!| |}}<br />
{{familytree| BOL |BOL=[[Bolg]]<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2941}}'' </small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Azog in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|lines=2<br />
|File:The Hobbit - The Battle of the Five Armies - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Films===<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
: Azog is played by [[Manu Bennett]] via motion-capture and CG (though he was originally intended to be played by [[Conan Stevens]] in a practical costume and makeup<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150257180211558|articlename=Casting News for The Hobbit|dated=19-May-2011|website=FB|accessed=21-Dec-2011}}).</ref>). He is a white-skinned Orc, known as the Pale Orc or Azog the Defiler. According to [[Balin]], he is from [[Gundabad]]. In the films, the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] appears in a flashback. [[Thrór]] is still alive at this time and is beheaded by Azog during the battle. [[Thorin]] fights with Azog and cuts off his left forearm, and the Pale Orc is dragged off by a few fellow [[Orcs]]. Thorin believes Azog to have died from his wounds, but, unlike in the book, he actually survived the battle and serves as Thorin's nemesis. The Pale Orc is also portrayed as a committed and trusted general of [[Sauron|the Necromancer]] - whereas in the source material his allegiance to the [[Dark Lord]] can only be assumed as a likelihood - and he is therefore tasked by his master first with hindering Oakenshield's quest and later with conquering the [[Erebor|Lonely Mountain]].<br />
<br />
: In the films, Azog speaks exclusively in [[Orkish]], whereas his literary counterpart was also known for using the [[Common Speech]]. He rides a gigantic [[Warg Matriarch|white warg]]. He also lacks the iron-clad head he featured in the books.<br />
<br />
'''2012: ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]'':'''<br />
: Azog leads a pack of Orcs on Wargs in hunting down [[Thorin and Company]] to wipe out the [[House of Durin|Line of Durin]] and to take his revenge on Thorin for his wound - even putting out a bounty on Thorin's head. In the film, it is his pack (not the Orcs of [[Goblin-town]]) that catch up to the Company on the other side of the [[Misty Mountains]]; after a brief fight with Thorin, he loses them when they are rescued by the [[Eagles]].<br />
<br />
'''2013: ''[[The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug]]'':'''<br />
: While still in pursuit of Thorin and Company as they come down from the [[Carrock]] and make their way to [[Beorn]]'s house, he is summoned to [[Dol Guldur]] by the Necromancer himself. Though annoyed that yet again he is unable to track down Oakenshield, Azog submits to his master and agrees to lead his armies to [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]], sending his son Bolg to pursue the Company in his stead. He later leads an unsuccessful attack on [[Gandalf]] when the [[Wizards|Wizard]] enters the fortress prior to the army's departure.<br />
<br />
'''2014: ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]'':'''<br />
: In this movie, Azog's appearance is changed, as he now wears plate armor, and he replaced his claw arm with one that looks similar to a sword. Azog is first seen marching on Erebor. When [[Bolg]] tells him of the [[Elves of Mirkwood|Elven]] Army, he orders him to Gundabad for more troops. From [[Ravenhill]], Azog commands the Orcs in the [[Battle of Five Armies]]. Thorin, [[Fíli]], [[Kíli]] and [[Dwalin]] go to kill Azog, in order to leave the Orcs leaderless. But Azog captures Fíli and kills him in front of Thorin. Azog finally battles Thorin on a frozen lake and is knocked underwater. However, he breaks through the ice and stabs Thorin, mortally wounding him. Despite this, the Dwarf leader manages to stab Azog through the chest with [[Orcrist]] - finally killing the Pale Orc - shortly before succumbing to his own wounds.<br />
<br />
===Games===<br />
'''2021: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
: Azog appears in an extended flashback depicting the beginning and the end of the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]. Azog's youngest son "Komog" is slain in the halls of [[Gundabad]], while his eldest son "Urro" is killed by [[Thorin]] during the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] in the same engagement that earns him the name "Oakenshield". [[Bolg]] survives as his only heir by escaping into [[Moria]] shortly before Azog is killed by Dáin.<br />
<br />
:In the present day, Azog's descendants continue to plague Durin's Folk. Bolg's son "Mazog", Lord of Moria, is the major antagonist of the ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria|Mines of Moria]]'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Siege of Mirkwood|Siege of Mirkwood]]'' expansions. Bolg's other son "Gorgar the Ruthless", Lord of Gundabad, is the chief antagonist of the ''War of Three Peaks'' expansion.<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br/><br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| race=orc<br />
| house=<br />
| born=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| died={{TA|2799}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
| prev=Unknown<br />
| list=[[Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| dates=Unknown - {{TA|2799}}<br />
| next=[[Bolg]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
{{hobbitfilms}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Azog}}<br />
[[Category:Black Speech words]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Hobbit]]<br />
[[Category:Orcs]]<br />
[[Category:Pronounced articles]]<br />
[[Category:Rulers in Middle-earth]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Azog]]<br />
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/orques/azog]]<br />
[[fi:Azog]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Azog&diff=384896Azog2024-01-19T11:52:47Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{orc infobox<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| image=[[File:Pascal Yung - Azog.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Azog" by [[:Category:Images by Pascal Yung|Pascal Yung]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=<br />
| titles=''the Goblin''<ref name="Party">{{H|Party}}</ref><br />
| position=[[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| location=[[Moria]]<br/>[[Dimrill Dale|Azanulbizar]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Orcs of the Misty Mountains]]<br />
| language=''Presumably'' [[Orkish]] and [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=<br />
| death={{TA|2799}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Battle of Azanulbizar]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=Killing [[Thrór]];<br/>igniting the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=[[Bolg]]<br />
| race=<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Tall<ref name="App">{{App|Durin}}</ref><br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
'''Azog''' was an [[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain of [[Moria]], who started the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] when he slew [[Thrór]].<ref name=Party/> He was himself slain by [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin II Ironfoot]] in the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]], and was succeeded by his son [[Bolg]].<ref name="App"/><ref name="Burst">{{H|Burst}}</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Little is known of Azog's origins, but he was the chief of the [[Orcs of the Misty Mountains|Orcs of Moria]], and apparently the most important Orcs warlord of the northern lands. The average lifespan of an Orc is unknown, but it is conceivable that he was one of those sent to Moria by [[Sauron]] in about {{TA|2480}}.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He had one son, Bolg, who succeeded him after his death.<ref name="Burst"/><br />
<br />
[[File:Steamey - Azog and Nár.jpg|thumb|left|''Azog and Nár'' by [[:Category:Images by Steamey|Steamey]]]]<br />
<br />
Azog entered history in the year {{TA|2790}} due to [[Kings of Durin's Folk|King]] Thrór desire to revisit and perhaps refound the lost realm of [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]], in whose mighty ruins Azog dwelt.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He entered the [[Great Gates]], but Azog and his orcs captured and slew him, and branded his hewn head with his own name, "AZOG". He flung the head at [[Nár]] who waited outside, then a money purse containing "few coins of little worth", warning that he would tolerate no future Dwarf beggars entering his domain at Moria.<br />
<br />
When news of this reached Thrór's heir [[Thráin]], he was greatly angered, and mustered a force of [[Dwarves]] to seek revenge on Azog. So the War of the Dwarves and Orcs began: the [[Durin's Folk|Longbeards]] hunted Azog, and many battles were fought beneath the earth. After nine years of constant warfare, the climactic Battle of [[Dimrill Dale|Azanulbizar]] was fought before the gates of Moria itself in {{TA|2799}}.<ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
King Thráin II and his son [[Thorin|Thorin]] were in that battle, near the end of which, Azog emerged from the inner gate with his guards, Náin was exhausted and half blind with rage. He tried to swing as hard as he could, but Azog darted aside and Náin missed, splintering his mattocks on the ground. The orc kicked him in the leg when he dodged the Dwarf's blow, making him stumble, at which point Azog attempted to thrust and behead him, succeeding only in breaking Náin's neck because of the strong mail he was wearing. At this point, Azog noticed his retreating forces and retreated back inside. As he did, Dáin II chased him up the steps and beheaded him with a single mighty srtike, which became forever known as a deed of great valor considering Dáin's young age. Azog's head was impaled on a spike, with the same coin-filled purse stuffed in his mouth that he had flung at Nár after he killed Thrór nine years before.<ref name="App"/><br />
<br />
Azog's underground dominions in the north, though greatly reduced in the War, fell to his son Bolg, who held them for almost 150 years until he too met his end at the [[Battle of Five Armies]] in {{TA|2941}}.<ref name="Burst"/><ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Azog.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
The meaning and origin of the name ''Azog'' is unknown. It is most likely a name in the [[Black Speech]], though [[Mágol]] may also be a possibility.<ref>{{HM|RB}}, p. 787, note 38</ref><br />
<br />
[[Andreas Moehn]] has noted an apparent but tentative similarity with [[Mannish]], in the [[Adunaic]] word ''[[zagar]]'' meaning "sword", in which case ''Azog'' might refer to "warrior" or anything similar.<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Andreas Moehn]]|articleurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930151024/http:/lalaith.vpsurf.de/Tolkien/Atani.html|articlename=Etymologies of the Atani languages|dated=18 July 2002|website=Middle-earth Science Pages (Internet Archive)|accessed=31.7.2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| AZO |AZO='''AZOG'''<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2799}}'' </small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |!| |}}<br />
{{familytree| BOL |BOL=[[Bolg]]<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2941}}'' </small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Azog in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|lines=2<br />
|File:The Hobbit - The Battle of the Five Armies - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Films===<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
: Azog is played by [[Manu Bennett]] via motion-capture and CG (though he was originally intended to be played by [[Conan Stevens]] in a practical costume and makeup<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150257180211558|articlename=Casting News for The Hobbit|dated=19-May-2011|website=FB|accessed=21-Dec-2011}}).</ref>). He is a white-skinned Orc, known as the Pale Orc or Azog the Defiler. According to [[Balin]], he is from [[Gundabad]]. In the films, the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] appears in a flashback. [[Thrór]] is still alive at this time and is beheaded by Azog during the battle. [[Thorin]] fights with Azog and cuts off his left forearm, and the Pale Orc is dragged off by a few fellow [[Orcs]]. Thorin believes Azog to have died from his wounds, but, unlike in the book, he actually survived the battle and serves as Thorin's nemesis. The Pale Orc is also portrayed as a committed and trusted general of [[Sauron|the Necromancer]] - whereas in the source material his allegiance to the [[Dark Lord]] can only be assumed as a likelihood - and he is therefore tasked by his master first with hindering Oakenshield's quest and later with conquering the [[Erebor|Lonely Mountain]].<br />
<br />
: In the films, Azog speaks exclusively in [[Orkish]], whereas his literary counterpart was also known for using the [[Common Speech]]. He rides a gigantic [[Warg Matriarch|white warg]]. He also lacks the iron-clad head he featured in the books.<br />
<br />
'''2012: ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]'':'''<br />
: Azog leads a pack of Orcs on Wargs in hunting down [[Thorin and Company]] to wipe out the [[House of Durin|Line of Durin]] and to take his revenge on Thorin for his wound - even putting out a bounty on Thorin's head. In the film, it is his pack (not the Orcs of [[Goblin-town]]) that catch up to the Company on the other side of the [[Misty Mountains]]; after a brief fight with Thorin, he loses them when they are rescued by the [[Eagles]].<br />
<br />
'''2013: ''[[The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug]]'':'''<br />
: While still in pursuit of Thorin and Company as they come down from the [[Carrock]] and make their way to [[Beorn]]'s house, he is summoned to [[Dol Guldur]] by the Necromancer himself. Though annoyed that yet again he is unable to track down Oakenshield, Azog submits to his master and agrees to lead his armies to [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]], sending his son Bolg to pursue the Company in his stead. He later leads an unsuccessful attack on [[Gandalf]] when the [[Wizards|Wizard]] enters the fortress prior to the army's departure.<br />
<br />
'''2014: ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]'':'''<br />
: In this movie, Azog's appearance is changed, as he now wears plate armor, and he replaced his claw arm with one that looks similar to a sword. Azog is first seen marching on Erebor. When [[Bolg]] tells him of the [[Elves of Mirkwood|Elven]] Army, he orders him to Gundabad for more troops. From [[Ravenhill]], Azog commands the Orcs in the [[Battle of Five Armies]]. Thorin, [[Fíli]], [[Kíli]] and [[Dwalin]] go to kill Azog, in order to leave the Orcs leaderless. But Azog captures Fíli and kills him in front of Thorin. Azog finally battles Thorin on a frozen lake and is knocked underwater. However, he breaks through the ice and stabs Thorin, mortally wounding him. Despite this, the Dwarf leader manages to stab Azog through the chest with [[Orcrist]] - finally killing the Pale Orc - shortly before succumbing to his own wounds.<br />
<br />
===Games===<br />
'''2021: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
: Azog appears in an extended flashback depicting the beginning and the end of the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]. Azog's youngest son "Komog" is slain in the halls of [[Gundabad]], while his eldest son "Urro" is killed by [[Thorin]] during the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] in the same engagement that earns him the name "Oakenshield". [[Bolg]] survives as his only heir by escaping into [[Moria]] shortly before Azog is killed by Dáin.<br />
<br />
:In the present day, Azog's descendants continue to plague Durin's Folk. Bolg's son "Mazog", Lord of Moria, is the major antagonist of the ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria|Mines of Moria]]'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Siege of Mirkwood|Siege of Mirkwood]]'' expansions. Bolg's other son "Gorgar the Ruthless", Lord of Gundabad, is the chief antagonist of the ''War of Three Peaks'' expansion.<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br/><br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| race=orc<br />
| house=<br />
| born=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| died={{TA|2799}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
| prev=Unknown<br />
| list=[[Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| dates=Unknown - {{TA|2799}}<br />
| next=[[Bolg]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
{{hobbitfilms}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Azog}}<br />
[[Category:Black Speech words]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Hobbit]]<br />
[[Category:Orcs]]<br />
[[Category:Pronounced articles]]<br />
[[Category:Rulers in Middle-earth]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Azog]]<br />
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/orques/azog]]<br />
[[fi:Azog]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Azog&diff=384893Azog2024-01-19T09:25:03Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{orc infobox<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| image=[[File:Pascal Yung - Azog.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Azog" by [[:Category:Images by Pascal Yung|Pascal Yung]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=<br />
| titles=''the Goblin''<ref name="Party">{{H|Party}}</ref><br />
| position=[[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| location=[[Moria]]<br/>[[Dimrill Dale|Azanulbizar]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Orcs of the Misty Mountains]]<br />
| language=''Presumably'' [[Orkish]] and [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=<br />
| death={{TA|2799}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=Killing [[Thrór]];<br/>igniting the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=[[Bolg]]<br />
| race=<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Tall<ref name="App">{{App|Durin}}</ref><br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
'''Azog''' was an [[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain of [[Moria]], who started the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] when he slew [[Thrór]].<ref name=Party/> He was himself slain by [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin II Ironfoot]] in the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]], and was succeeded by his son [[Bolg]].<ref name="App"/><ref name="Burst">{{H|Burst}}</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Little is known of Azog's origins, but he was the chief of the [[Orcs of the Misty Mountains|Orcs of Moria]], and apparently the most important Orcs warlord of the northern lands. The average lifespan of an Orc is unknown, but it is conceivable that he was one of those sent to Moria by [[Sauron]] in about {{TA|2480}}.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He had one son, Bolg, who succeeded him after his death.<ref name="Burst"/><br />
<br />
[[File:Steamey - Azog and Nár.jpg|thumb|left|''Azog and Nár'' by [[:Category:Images by Steamey|Steamey]]]]<br />
<br />
Azog entered history in the year {{TA|2790}} due to [[Kings of Durin's Folk|King]] Thrór desire to revisit and perhaps refound the lost realm of [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]], in whose mighty ruins Azog dwelt.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He entered the [[Great Gates]], but Azog and his orcs captured and slew him, and branded his hewn head with his own name, "AZOG". He flung the head at [[Nár]] who waited outside, then a money purse containing "few coins of little worth", warning that he would tolerate no future Dwarf beggars entering his domain at Moria.<br />
<br />
When news of this reached Thrór's heir [[Thráin]], he was greatly angered, and mustered a force of [[Dwarves]] to seek revenge on Azog. So the War of the Dwarves and Orcs began: the [[Durin's Folk|Longbeards]] hunted Azog, and many battles were fought beneath the earth. After nine years of constant warfare, the climactic Battle of [[Dimrill Dale|Azanulbizar]] was fought before the gates of Moria itself in {{TA|2799}}.<ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
King Thráin II and his son [[Thorin|Thorin]] were in that battle, near the end of which, Azog emerged from the inner gate with his guards, Náin was exhausted and half blind with rage. He tried to swing as hard as he could, but Azog darted aside and Náin missed, splintering his mattocks on the ground. The orc kicked him in the leg when he dodged the Dwarf's blow, making him stumble, at which point Azog attempted to thrust and behead him, succeeding only in breaking Náin's neck because of the strong mail he was wearing. At this point, Azog noticed his retreating forces and retreated back inside. As he did, Dáin II chased him up the steps and beheaded him with a single mighty srtike, which became forever known as a deed of great valor considering Dáin's young age. Azog's head was impaled on a spike, with the same coin-filled purse stuffed in his mouth that he had flung at Nár after he killed Thrór nine years before.<ref name="App"/><br />
<br />
Azog's underground dominions in the north, though greatly reduced in the War, fell to his son Bolg, who held them for almost 150 years until he too met his end at the [[Battle of Five Armies]] in {{TA|2941}}.<ref name="Burst"/><ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Azog.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
The meaning and origin of the name ''Azog'' is unknown. It is most likely a name in the [[Black Speech]], though [[Mágol]] may also be a possibility.<ref>{{HM|RB}}, p. 787, note 38</ref><br />
<br />
[[Andreas Moehn]] has noted an apparent but tentative similarity with [[Mannish]], in the [[Adunaic]] word ''[[zagar]]'' meaning "sword", in which case ''Azog'' might refer to "warrior" or anything similar.<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Andreas Moehn]]|articleurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930151024/http:/lalaith.vpsurf.de/Tolkien/Atani.html|articlename=Etymologies of the Atani languages|dated=18 July 2002|website=Middle-earth Science Pages (Internet Archive)|accessed=31.7.2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| AZO |AZO='''AZOG'''<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2799}}'' </small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |!| |}}<br />
{{familytree| BOL |BOL=[[Bolg]]<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2941}}'' </small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Azog in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|lines=2<br />
|File:The Hobbit - The Battle of the Five Armies - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Films===<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
: Azog is played by [[Manu Bennett]] via motion-capture and CG (though he was originally intended to be played by [[Conan Stevens]] in a practical costume and makeup<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150257180211558|articlename=Casting News for The Hobbit|dated=19-May-2011|website=FB|accessed=21-Dec-2011}}).</ref>). He is a white-skinned Orc, known as the Pale Orc or Azog the Defiler. According to [[Balin]], he is from [[Gundabad]]. In the films, the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] appears in a flashback. [[Thrór]] is still alive at this time and is beheaded by Azog during the battle. [[Thorin]] fights with Azog and cuts off his left forearm, and the Pale Orc is dragged off by a few fellow [[Orcs]]. Thorin believes Azog to have died from his wounds, but, unlike in the book, he actually survived the battle and serves as Thorin's nemesis. The Pale Orc is also portrayed as a committed and trusted general of [[Sauron|the Necromancer]] - whereas in the source material his allegiance to the [[Dark Lord]] can only be assumed as a likelihood - and he is therefore tasked by his master first with hindering Oakenshield's quest and later with conquering the [[Erebor|Lonely Mountain]].<br />
<br />
: In the films, Azog speaks exclusively in [[Orkish]], whereas his literary counterpart was also known for using the [[Common Speech]]. He rides a gigantic [[Warg Matriarch|white warg]]. He also lacks the iron-clad head he featured in the books.<br />
<br />
'''2012: ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]'':'''<br />
: Azog leads a pack of Orcs on Wargs in hunting down [[Thorin and Company]] to wipe out the [[House of Durin|Line of Durin]] and to take his revenge on Thorin for his wound - even putting out a bounty on Thorin's head. In the film, it is his pack (not the Orcs of [[Goblin-town]]) that catch up to the Company on the other side of the [[Misty Mountains]]; after a brief fight with Thorin, he loses them when they are rescued by the [[Eagles]].<br />
<br />
'''2013: ''[[The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug]]'':'''<br />
: While still in pursuit of Thorin and Company as they come down from the [[Carrock]] and make their way to [[Beorn]]'s house, he is summoned to [[Dol Guldur]] by the Necromancer himself. Though annoyed that yet again he is unable to track down Oakenshield, Azog submits to his master and agrees to lead his armies to [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]], sending his son Bolg to pursue the Company in his stead. He later leads an unsuccessful attack on [[Gandalf]] when the [[Wizards|Wizard]] enters the fortress prior to the army's departure.<br />
<br />
'''2014: ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]'':'''<br />
: In this movie, Azog's appearance is changed, as he now wears plate armor, and he replaced his claw arm with one that looks similar to a sword. Azog is first seen marching on Erebor. When [[Bolg]] tells him of the [[Elves of Mirkwood|Elven]] Army, he orders him to Gundabad for more troops. From [[Ravenhill]], Azog commands the Orcs in the [[Battle of Five Armies]]. Thorin, [[Fíli]], [[Kíli]] and [[Dwalin]] go to kill Azog, in order to leave the Orcs leaderless. But Azog captures Fíli and kills him in front of Thorin. Azog finally battles Thorin on a frozen lake and is knocked underwater. However, he breaks through the ice and stabs Thorin, mortally wounding him. Despite this, the Dwarf leader manages to stab Azog through the chest with [[Orcrist]] - finally killing the Pale Orc - shortly before succumbing to his own wounds.<br />
<br />
===Games===<br />
'''2021: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
: Azog appears in an extended flashback depicting the beginning and the end of the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]. Azog's youngest son "Komog" is slain in the halls of [[Gundabad]], while his eldest son "Urro" is killed by [[Thorin]] during the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] in the same engagement that earns him the name "Oakenshield". [[Bolg]] survives as his only heir by escaping into [[Moria]] shortly before Azog is killed by Dáin.<br />
<br />
:In the present day, Azog's descendants continue to plague Durin's Folk. Bolg's son "Mazog", Lord of Moria, is the major antagonist of the ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria|Mines of Moria]]'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Siege of Mirkwood|Siege of Mirkwood]]'' expansions. Bolg's other son "Gorgar the Ruthless", Lord of Gundabad, is the chief antagonist of the ''War of Three Peaks'' expansion.<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br/><br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| race=orc<br />
| house=<br />
| born=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| died={{TA|2799}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
| prev=Unknown<br />
| list=[[Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| dates=Unknown - {{TA|2799}}<br />
| next=[[Bolg]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
{{hobbitfilms}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Azog}}<br />
[[Category:Black Speech words]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Hobbit]]<br />
[[Category:Orcs]]<br />
[[Category:Pronounced articles]]<br />
[[Category:Rulers in Middle-earth]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Azog]]<br />
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/orques/azog]]<br />
[[fi:Azog]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Azog&diff=384892Azog2024-01-19T09:24:35Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{orc infobox<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| image=[[File:Pascal Yung - Azog.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Azog" by [[:Category:Images by Pascal Yung|Pascal Yung]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=<br />
| titles=''the Goblin''<ref name="Party">{{H|Party}}</ref><br />
| position=[[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| location=[[Moria]]<br/>[[Dimrill Dale|Azanulbizar]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Orcs of the Misty Mountains]]<br />
| language=''Presumably'' [[Orkish]] and [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=<br />
| death={{TA|2799}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=Killing [[Thrór]];<br/>igniting the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=[[Bolg]]<br />
| race=<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Tall<ref name="App">{{App|Durin}}</ref><br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
'''Azog''' was an [[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain of [[Moria]], who started the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] when he slew [[Thrór]].<ref name=Party/> He was himself slain by [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin II Ironfoot]] in the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]], and was succeeded by his son [[Bolg]].<ref name="App"/><ref name="Burst">{{H|Burst}}</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Little is known of Azog's origins, but he was the chief of the [[Orcs of the Misty Mountains|Orcs of Moria]], and apparently the most important Orcs warlord of the northern lands. The average lifespan of an Orc is unknown, but it is conceivable that he was one of those sent to Moria by [[Sauron]] in about {{TA|2480}}.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He had one son, Bolg, who succeeded him after his death.<ref name="Burst"/><br />
<br />
[[File:Steamey - Azog and Nár.jpg|thumb|left|''Azog and Nár'' by [[:Category:Images by Steamey|Steamey]]]]<br />
<br />
Azog entered history in the year {{TA|2790}} due to [[King of the Durin's Folk|King]] Thrór desire to revisit and perhaps refound the lost realm of [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]], in whose mighty ruins Azog dwelt.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He entered the [[Great Gates]], but Azog and his orcs captured and slew him, and branded his hewn head with his own name, "AZOG". He flung the head at [[Nár]] who waited outside, then a money purse containing "few coins of little worth", warning that he would tolerate no future Dwarf beggars entering his domain at Moria.<br />
<br />
When news of this reached Thrór's heir [[Thráin]], he was greatly angered, and mustered a force of [[Dwarves]] to seek revenge on Azog. So the War of the Dwarves and Orcs began: the [[Durin's Folk|Longbeards]] hunted Azog, and many battles were fought beneath the earth. After nine years of constant warfare, the climactic Battle of [[Dimrill Dale|Azanulbizar]] was fought before the gates of Moria itself in {{TA|2799}}.<ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
King Thráin II and his son [[Thorin|Thorin]] were in that battle, near the end of which, Azog emerged from the inner gate with his guards, Náin was exhausted and half blind with rage. He tried to swing as hard as he could, but Azog darted aside and Náin missed, splintering his mattocks on the ground. The orc kicked him in the leg when he dodged the Dwarf's blow, making him stumble, at which point Azog attempted to thrust and behead him, succeeding only in breaking Náin's neck because of the strong mail he was wearing. At this point, Azog noticed his retreating forces and retreated back inside. As he did, Dáin II chased him up the steps and beheaded him with a single mighty srtike, which became forever known as a deed of great valor considering Dáin's young age. Azog's head was impaled on a spike, with the same coin-filled purse stuffed in his mouth that he had flung at Nár after he killed Thrór nine years before.<ref name="App"/><br />
<br />
Azog's underground dominions in the north, though greatly reduced in the War, fell to his son Bolg, who held them for almost 150 years until he too met his end at the [[Battle of Five Armies]] in {{TA|2941}}.<ref name="Burst"/><ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Azog.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
The meaning and origin of the name ''Azog'' is unknown. It is most likely a name in the [[Black Speech]], though [[Mágol]] may also be a possibility.<ref>{{HM|RB}}, p. 787, note 38</ref><br />
<br />
[[Andreas Moehn]] has noted an apparent but tentative similarity with [[Mannish]], in the [[Adunaic]] word ''[[zagar]]'' meaning "sword", in which case ''Azog'' might refer to "warrior" or anything similar.<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Andreas Moehn]]|articleurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930151024/http:/lalaith.vpsurf.de/Tolkien/Atani.html|articlename=Etymologies of the Atani languages|dated=18 July 2002|website=Middle-earth Science Pages (Internet Archive)|accessed=31.7.2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| AZO |AZO='''AZOG'''<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2799}}'' </small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |!| |}}<br />
{{familytree| BOL |BOL=[[Bolg]]<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2941}}'' </small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Azog in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|lines=2<br />
|File:The Hobbit - The Battle of the Five Armies - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Films===<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
: Azog is played by [[Manu Bennett]] via motion-capture and CG (though he was originally intended to be played by [[Conan Stevens]] in a practical costume and makeup<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150257180211558|articlename=Casting News for The Hobbit|dated=19-May-2011|website=FB|accessed=21-Dec-2011}}).</ref>). He is a white-skinned Orc, known as the Pale Orc or Azog the Defiler. According to [[Balin]], he is from [[Gundabad]]. In the films, the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] appears in a flashback. [[Thrór]] is still alive at this time and is beheaded by Azog during the battle. [[Thorin]] fights with Azog and cuts off his left forearm, and the Pale Orc is dragged off by a few fellow [[Orcs]]. Thorin believes Azog to have died from his wounds, but, unlike in the book, he actually survived the battle and serves as Thorin's nemesis. The Pale Orc is also portrayed as a committed and trusted general of [[Sauron|the Necromancer]] - whereas in the source material his allegiance to the [[Dark Lord]] can only be assumed as a likelihood - and he is therefore tasked by his master first with hindering Oakenshield's quest and later with conquering the [[Erebor|Lonely Mountain]].<br />
<br />
: In the films, Azog speaks exclusively in [[Orkish]], whereas his literary counterpart was also known for using the [[Common Speech]]. He rides a gigantic [[Warg Matriarch|white warg]]. He also lacks the iron-clad head he featured in the books.<br />
<br />
'''2012: ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]'':'''<br />
: Azog leads a pack of Orcs on Wargs in hunting down [[Thorin and Company]] to wipe out the [[House of Durin|Line of Durin]] and to take his revenge on Thorin for his wound - even putting out a bounty on Thorin's head. In the film, it is his pack (not the Orcs of [[Goblin-town]]) that catch up to the Company on the other side of the [[Misty Mountains]]; after a brief fight with Thorin, he loses them when they are rescued by the [[Eagles]].<br />
<br />
'''2013: ''[[The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug]]'':'''<br />
: While still in pursuit of Thorin and Company as they come down from the [[Carrock]] and make their way to [[Beorn]]'s house, he is summoned to [[Dol Guldur]] by the Necromancer himself. Though annoyed that yet again he is unable to track down Oakenshield, Azog submits to his master and agrees to lead his armies to [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]], sending his son Bolg to pursue the Company in his stead. He later leads an unsuccessful attack on [[Gandalf]] when the [[Wizards|Wizard]] enters the fortress prior to the army's departure.<br />
<br />
'''2014: ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]'':'''<br />
: In this movie, Azog's appearance is changed, as he now wears plate armor, and he replaced his claw arm with one that looks similar to a sword. Azog is first seen marching on Erebor. When [[Bolg]] tells him of the [[Elves of Mirkwood|Elven]] Army, he orders him to Gundabad for more troops. From [[Ravenhill]], Azog commands the Orcs in the [[Battle of Five Armies]]. Thorin, [[Fíli]], [[Kíli]] and [[Dwalin]] go to kill Azog, in order to leave the Orcs leaderless. But Azog captures Fíli and kills him in front of Thorin. Azog finally battles Thorin on a frozen lake and is knocked underwater. However, he breaks through the ice and stabs Thorin, mortally wounding him. Despite this, the Dwarf leader manages to stab Azog through the chest with [[Orcrist]] - finally killing the Pale Orc - shortly before succumbing to his own wounds.<br />
<br />
===Games===<br />
'''2021: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
: Azog appears in an extended flashback depicting the beginning and the end of the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]. Azog's youngest son "Komog" is slain in the halls of [[Gundabad]], while his eldest son "Urro" is killed by [[Thorin]] during the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] in the same engagement that earns him the name "Oakenshield". [[Bolg]] survives as his only heir by escaping into [[Moria]] shortly before Azog is killed by Dáin.<br />
<br />
:In the present day, Azog's descendants continue to plague Durin's Folk. Bolg's son "Mazog", Lord of Moria, is the major antagonist of the ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria|Mines of Moria]]'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Siege of Mirkwood|Siege of Mirkwood]]'' expansions. Bolg's other son "Gorgar the Ruthless", Lord of Gundabad, is the chief antagonist of the ''War of Three Peaks'' expansion.<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br/><br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| race=orc<br />
| house=<br />
| born=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| died={{TA|2799}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
| prev=Unknown<br />
| list=[[Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| dates=Unknown - {{TA|2799}}<br />
| next=[[Bolg]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
{{hobbitfilms}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Azog}}<br />
[[Category:Black Speech words]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Hobbit]]<br />
[[Category:Orcs]]<br />
[[Category:Pronounced articles]]<br />
[[Category:Rulers in Middle-earth]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Azog]]<br />
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/orques/azog]]<br />
[[fi:Azog]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Azog&diff=384891Azog2024-01-19T09:23:40Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{orc infobox<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| image=[[File:Pascal Yung - Azog.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Azog" by [[:Category:Images by Pascal Yung|Pascal Yung]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=<br />
| titles=''the Goblin''<ref name="Party">{{H|Party}}</ref><br />
| position=[[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| location=[[Moria]]<br/>[[Dimrill Dale|Azanulbizar]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Orcs of the Misty Mountains]]<br />
| language=''Presumably'' [[Orkish]] and [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=<br />
| death={{TA|2799}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=Killing [[Thrór]];<br/>igniting the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=[[Bolg]]<br />
| race=<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Tall<ref name="App">{{App|Durin}}</ref><br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
'''Azog''' was an [[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain of [[Moria]], who started the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] when he slew [[Thrór]].<ref name=Party/> He was himself slain by [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin II Ironfoot]] in the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]], and was succeeded by his son [[Bolg]].<ref name="App"/><ref name="Burst">{{H|Burst}}</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Little is known of Azog's origins, but he was the chief of the [[Orcs of the Misty Mountains|Orcs of Moria]], and apparently the most important Orcs warlord of the northern lands. The average lifespan of an Orc is unknown, but it is conceivable that he was one of those sent to Moria by [[Sauron]] in about {{TA|2480}}.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He had one son, Bolg, who succeeded him after his death.<ref name="Burst"/><br />
<br />
[[File:Steamey - Azog and Nár.jpg|thumb|left|''Azog and Nár'' by [[:Category:Images by Steamey|Steamey]]]]<br />
<br />
Azog entered history in the year {{TA|2790}} due to King [[Thrór|Thrór's]] desire to revisit and perhaps refound the lost realm of [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]], in whose mighty ruins Azog dwelt.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He entered the [[Great Gates]], but Azog and his orcs captured and slew him, and branded his hewn head with his own name, "AZOG". He flung the head at [[Nár]] who waited outside, then a money purse containing "few coins of little worth", warning that he would tolerate no future Dwarf beggars entering his domain at Moria.<br />
<br />
When news of this reached Thrór's heir [[Thráin]], he was greatly angered, and mustered a force of [[Dwarves]] to seek revenge on Azog. So the War of the Dwarves and Orcs began: the [[Durin's Folk|Longbeards]] hunted Azog, and many battles were fought beneath the earth. After nine years of constant warfare, the climactic Battle of [[Dimrill Dale|Azanulbizar]] was fought before the gates of Moria itself in {{TA|2799}}.<ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
King Thráin II and his son [[Thorin|Thorin]] were in that battle, near the end of which, Azog emerged from the inner gate with his guards, Náin was exhausted and half blind with rage. He tried to swing as hard as he could, but Azog darted aside and Náin missed, splintering his mattocks on the ground. The orc kicked him in the leg when he dodged the Dwarf's blow, making him stumble, at which point Azog attempted to thrust and behead him, succeeding only in breaking Náin's neck because of the strong mail he was wearing. At this point, Azog noticed his retreating forces and retreated back inside. As he did, Dáin II chased him up the steps and beheaded him with a single mighty srtike, which became forever known as a deed of great valor considering Dáin's young age. Azog's head was impaled on a spike, with the same coin-filled purse stuffed in his mouth that he had flung at Nár after he killed Thrór nine years before.<ref name="App"/><br />
<br />
Azog's underground dominions in the north, though greatly reduced in the War, fell to his son Bolg, who held them for almost 150 years until he too met his end at the [[Battle of Five Armies]] in {{TA|2941}}.<ref name="Burst"/><ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Azog.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
The meaning and origin of the name ''Azog'' is unknown. It is most likely a name in the [[Black Speech]], though [[Mágol]] may also be a possibility.<ref>{{HM|RB}}, p. 787, note 38</ref><br />
<br />
[[Andreas Moehn]] has noted an apparent but tentative similarity with [[Mannish]], in the [[Adunaic]] word ''[[zagar]]'' meaning "sword", in which case ''Azog'' might refer to "warrior" or anything similar.<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Andreas Moehn]]|articleurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930151024/http:/lalaith.vpsurf.de/Tolkien/Atani.html|articlename=Etymologies of the Atani languages|dated=18 July 2002|website=Middle-earth Science Pages (Internet Archive)|accessed=31.7.2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| AZO |AZO='''AZOG'''<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2799}}'' </small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |!| |}}<br />
{{familytree| BOL |BOL=[[Bolg]]<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2941}}'' </small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Azog in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|lines=2<br />
|File:The Hobbit - The Battle of the Five Armies - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Films===<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
: Azog is played by [[Manu Bennett]] via motion-capture and CG (though he was originally intended to be played by [[Conan Stevens]] in a practical costume and makeup<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150257180211558|articlename=Casting News for The Hobbit|dated=19-May-2011|website=FB|accessed=21-Dec-2011}}).</ref>). He is a white-skinned Orc, known as the Pale Orc or Azog the Defiler. According to [[Balin]], he is from [[Gundabad]]. In the films, the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] appears in a flashback. [[Thrór]] is still alive at this time and is beheaded by Azog during the battle. [[Thorin]] fights with Azog and cuts off his left forearm, and the Pale Orc is dragged off by a few fellow [[Orcs]]. Thorin believes Azog to have died from his wounds, but, unlike in the book, he actually survived the battle and serves as Thorin's nemesis. The Pale Orc is also portrayed as a committed and trusted general of [[Sauron|the Necromancer]] - whereas in the source material his allegiance to the [[Dark Lord]] can only be assumed as a likelihood - and he is therefore tasked by his master first with hindering Oakenshield's quest and later with conquering the [[Erebor|Lonely Mountain]].<br />
<br />
: In the films, Azog speaks exclusively in [[Orkish]], whereas his literary counterpart was also known for using the [[Common Speech]]. He rides a gigantic [[Warg Matriarch|white warg]]. He also lacks the iron-clad head he featured in the books.<br />
<br />
'''2012: ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]'':'''<br />
: Azog leads a pack of Orcs on Wargs in hunting down [[Thorin and Company]] to wipe out the [[House of Durin|Line of Durin]] and to take his revenge on Thorin for his wound - even putting out a bounty on Thorin's head. In the film, it is his pack (not the Orcs of [[Goblin-town]]) that catch up to the Company on the other side of the [[Misty Mountains]]; after a brief fight with Thorin, he loses them when they are rescued by the [[Eagles]].<br />
<br />
'''2013: ''[[The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug]]'':'''<br />
: While still in pursuit of Thorin and Company as they come down from the [[Carrock]] and make their way to [[Beorn]]'s house, he is summoned to [[Dol Guldur]] by the Necromancer himself. Though annoyed that yet again he is unable to track down Oakenshield, Azog submits to his master and agrees to lead his armies to [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]], sending his son Bolg to pursue the Company in his stead. He later leads an unsuccessful attack on [[Gandalf]] when the [[Wizards|Wizard]] enters the fortress prior to the army's departure.<br />
<br />
'''2014: ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]'':'''<br />
: In this movie, Azog's appearance is changed, as he now wears plate armor, and he replaced his claw arm with one that looks similar to a sword. Azog is first seen marching on Erebor. When [[Bolg]] tells him of the [[Elves of Mirkwood|Elven]] Army, he orders him to Gundabad for more troops. From [[Ravenhill]], Azog commands the Orcs in the [[Battle of Five Armies]]. Thorin, [[Fíli]], [[Kíli]] and [[Dwalin]] go to kill Azog, in order to leave the Orcs leaderless. But Azog captures Fíli and kills him in front of Thorin. Azog finally battles Thorin on a frozen lake and is knocked underwater. However, he breaks through the ice and stabs Thorin, mortally wounding him. Despite this, the Dwarf leader manages to stab Azog through the chest with [[Orcrist]] - finally killing the Pale Orc - shortly before succumbing to his own wounds.<br />
<br />
===Games===<br />
'''2021: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
: Azog appears in an extended flashback depicting the beginning and the end of the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]. Azog's youngest son "Komog" is slain in the halls of [[Gundabad]], while his eldest son "Urro" is killed by [[Thorin]] during the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] in the same engagement that earns him the name "Oakenshield". [[Bolg]] survives as his only heir by escaping into [[Moria]] shortly before Azog is killed by Dáin.<br />
<br />
:In the present day, Azog's descendants continue to plague Durin's Folk. Bolg's son "Mazog", Lord of Moria, is the major antagonist of the ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria|Mines of Moria]]'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Siege of Mirkwood|Siege of Mirkwood]]'' expansions. Bolg's other son "Gorgar the Ruthless", Lord of Gundabad, is the chief antagonist of the ''War of Three Peaks'' expansion.<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br/><br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| race=orc<br />
| house=<br />
| born=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| died={{TA|2799}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
| prev=Unknown<br />
| list=[[Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| dates=Unknown - {{TA|2799}}<br />
| next=[[Bolg]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
{{hobbitfilms}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Azog}}<br />
[[Category:Black Speech words]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Hobbit]]<br />
[[Category:Orcs]]<br />
[[Category:Pronounced articles]]<br />
[[Category:Rulers in Middle-earth]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Azog]]<br />
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/orques/azog]]<br />
[[fi:Azog]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Azog&diff=384890Azog2024-01-19T09:20:29Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{orc infobox<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| image=[[File:Pascal Yung - Azog.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Azog" by [[:Category:Images by Pascal Yung|Pascal Yung]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=<br />
| titles=''the Goblin''<ref name="Party">{{H|Party}}</ref><br />
| position=[[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| location=[[Moria]]<br/>[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Orcs of the Misty Mountains]]<br />
| language=''Presumably'' [[Orkish]] and [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=<br />
| death={{TA|2799}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=Killing [[Thrór]];<br/>igniting the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=[[Bolg]]<br />
| race=<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Tall<ref name="App">{{App|Durin}}</ref><br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
'''Azog''' was an [[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain of [[Moria]], who started the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] when he slew [[Thrór]].<ref name=Party/> He was himself slain by [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin II Ironfoot]] in the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]], and was succeeded by his son [[Bolg]].<ref name="App"/><ref name="Burst">{{H|Burst}}</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Little is known of Azog's origins, but he was the chief of the [[Orcs of the Misty Mountains|Orcs of Moria]], and apparently the most important Orcs warlord of the northern lands. The average lifespan of an Orc is unknown, but it is conceivable that he was one of those sent to Moria by [[Sauron]] in about {{TA|2480}}.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He had one son, Bolg, who succeeded him after his death.<ref name="Burst"/><br />
<br />
[[File:Steamey - Azog and Nár.jpg|thumb|left|''Azog and Nár'' by [[:Category:Images by Steamey|Steamey]]]]<br />
<br />
Azog entered history in the year {{TA|2790}} due to King [[Thrór|Thrór's]] desire to revisit and perhaps refound the lost realm of [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]], in whose mighty ruins Azog dwelt.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He entered the [[Great Gates]], but Azog and his orcs captured and slew him, and branded his hewn head with his own name, "AZOG". He flung the head at [[Nár]] who waited outside, then a money purse containing "few coins of little worth", warning that he would tolerate no future Dwarf beggars entering his domain at Moria.<br />
<br />
When news of this reached Thrór's heir [[Thráin]], he was greatly angered, and mustered a force of [[Dwarves]] to seek revenge on Azog. So the War of the Dwarves and Orcs began: the [[Durin's Folk|Longbeards]] hunted Azog, and many battles were fought beneath the earth. After nine years of war, the climactic Battle of Azanulbizar was fought before the gates of Moria itself in {{TA|2799}}.<ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
King Thráin II and his son [[Thorin|Thorin]] were in that battle, near the end of which, Azog emerged from the inner gate with his guards, Náin was exhausted and half blind with rage. He tried to swing as hard as he could, but Azog darted aside and Náin missed, splintering his mattocks on the ground. The orc kicked him in the leg when he dodged the Dwarf's blow, making him stumble, at which point Azog attempted to thrust and behead him, succeeding only in breaking Náin's neck because of the strong mail he was wearing. At this point, Azog noticed his retreating forces and retreated back inside. As he did, Dáin II chased him up the steps and beheaded him with a single mighty srtike, which became forever known as a deed of great valor considering Dáin's young age. Azog's head was impaled on a spike, with the same coin-filled purse stuffed in his mouth that he had flung at Nár after he killed Thrór nine years before.<ref name="App"/><br />
<br />
Azog's underground dominions in the north, though greatly reduced in the War, fell to his son Bolg, who held them for almost 150 years until he too met his end at the [[Battle of Five Armies]] in {{TA|2941}}.<ref name="Burst"/><ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Azog.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
The meaning and origin of the name ''Azog'' is unknown. It is most likely a name in the [[Black Speech]], though [[Mágol]] may also be a possibility.<ref>{{HM|RB}}, p. 787, note 38</ref><br />
<br />
[[Andreas Moehn]] has noted an apparent but tentative similarity with [[Mannish]], in the [[Adunaic]] word ''[[zagar]]'' meaning "sword", in which case ''Azog'' might refer to "warrior" or anything similar.<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Andreas Moehn]]|articleurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930151024/http:/lalaith.vpsurf.de/Tolkien/Atani.html|articlename=Etymologies of the Atani languages|dated=18 July 2002|website=Middle-earth Science Pages (Internet Archive)|accessed=31.7.2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| AZO |AZO='''AZOG'''<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2799}}'' </small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |!| |}}<br />
{{familytree| BOL |BOL=[[Bolg]]<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2941}}'' </small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Azog in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|lines=2<br />
|File:The Hobbit - The Battle of the Five Armies - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Films===<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
: Azog is played by [[Manu Bennett]] via motion-capture and CG (though he was originally intended to be played by [[Conan Stevens]] in a practical costume and makeup<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150257180211558|articlename=Casting News for The Hobbit|dated=19-May-2011|website=FB|accessed=21-Dec-2011}}).</ref>). He is a white-skinned Orc, known as the Pale Orc or Azog the Defiler. According to [[Balin]], he is from [[Gundabad]]. In the films, the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] appears in a flashback. [[Thrór]] is still alive at this time and is beheaded by Azog during the battle. [[Thorin]] fights with Azog and cuts off his left forearm, and the Pale Orc is dragged off by a few fellow [[Orcs]]. Thorin believes Azog to have died from his wounds, but, unlike in the book, he actually survived the battle and serves as Thorin's nemesis. The Pale Orc is also portrayed as a committed and trusted general of [[Sauron|the Necromancer]] - whereas in the source material his allegiance to the [[Dark Lord]] can only be assumed as a likelihood - and he is therefore tasked by his master first with hindering Oakenshield's quest and later with conquering the [[Erebor|Lonely Mountain]].<br />
<br />
: In the films, Azog speaks exclusively in [[Orkish]], whereas his literary counterpart was also known for using the [[Common Speech]]. He rides a gigantic [[Warg Matriarch|white warg]]. He also lacks the iron-clad head he featured in the books.<br />
<br />
'''2012: ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]'':'''<br />
: Azog leads a pack of Orcs on Wargs in hunting down [[Thorin and Company]] to wipe out the [[House of Durin|Line of Durin]] and to take his revenge on Thorin for his wound - even putting out a bounty on Thorin's head. In the film, it is his pack (not the Orcs of [[Goblin-town]]) that catch up to the Company on the other side of the [[Misty Mountains]]; after a brief fight with Thorin, he loses them when they are rescued by the [[Eagles]].<br />
<br />
'''2013: ''[[The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug]]'':'''<br />
: While still in pursuit of Thorin and Company as they come down from the [[Carrock]] and make their way to [[Beorn]]'s house, he is summoned to [[Dol Guldur]] by the Necromancer himself. Though annoyed that yet again he is unable to track down Oakenshield, Azog submits to his master and agrees to lead his armies to [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]], sending his son Bolg to pursue the Company in his stead. He later leads an unsuccessful attack on [[Gandalf]] when the [[Wizards|Wizard]] enters the fortress prior to the army's departure.<br />
<br />
'''2014: ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]'':'''<br />
: In this movie, Azog's appearance is changed, as he now wears plate armor, and he replaced his claw arm with one that looks similar to a sword. Azog is first seen marching on Erebor. When [[Bolg]] tells him of the [[Elves of Mirkwood|Elven]] Army, he orders him to Gundabad for more troops. From [[Ravenhill]], Azog commands the Orcs in the [[Battle of Five Armies]]. Thorin, [[Fíli]], [[Kíli]] and [[Dwalin]] go to kill Azog, in order to leave the Orcs leaderless. But Azog captures Fíli and kills him in front of Thorin. Azog finally battles Thorin on a frozen lake and is knocked underwater. However, he breaks through the ice and stabs Thorin, mortally wounding him. Despite this, the Dwarf leader manages to stab Azog through the chest with [[Orcrist]] - finally killing the Pale Orc - shortly before succumbing to his own wounds.<br />
<br />
===Games===<br />
'''2021: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
: Azog appears in an extended flashback depicting the beginning and the end of the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]. Azog's youngest son "Komog" is slain in the halls of [[Gundabad]], while his eldest son "Urro" is killed by [[Thorin]] during the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] in the same engagement that earns him the name "Oakenshield". [[Bolg]] survives as his only heir by escaping into [[Moria]] shortly before Azog is killed by Dáin.<br />
<br />
:In the present day, Azog's descendants continue to plague Durin's Folk. Bolg's son "Mazog", Lord of Moria, is the major antagonist of the ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria|Mines of Moria]]'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Siege of Mirkwood|Siege of Mirkwood]]'' expansions. Bolg's other son "Gorgar the Ruthless", Lord of Gundabad, is the chief antagonist of the ''War of Three Peaks'' expansion.<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br/><br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| race=orc<br />
| house=<br />
| born=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| died={{TA|2799}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
| prev=Unknown<br />
| list=[[Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| dates=Unknown - {{TA|2799}}<br />
| next=[[Bolg]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
{{hobbitfilms}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Azog}}<br />
[[Category:Black Speech words]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Hobbit]]<br />
[[Category:Orcs]]<br />
[[Category:Pronounced articles]]<br />
[[Category:Rulers in Middle-earth]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Azog]]<br />
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/orques/azog]]<br />
[[fi:Azog]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Azog&diff=384889Azog2024-01-19T09:19:37Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{orc infobox<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| image=[[File:Pascal Yung - Azog.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Azog" by [[:Category:Images by Pascal Yung|Pascal Yung]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=<br />
| titles=''the Goblin''<ref name="Party">{{H|Party}}</ref><br />
| position=[[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| location=[[Moria]]<br/>[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Orcs of the Misty Mountains]]<br />
| language=''Presumably'' [[Orkish]] and [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=<br />
| death={{TA|2799}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=Killing [[Thrór]];<br/>triggering the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=[[Bolg]]<br />
| race=<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Tall<ref name="App">{{App|Durin}}</ref><br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
'''Azog''' was an [[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain of [[Moria]], who started the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] when he slew [[Thrór]].<ref name=Party/> He was himself slain by [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin II Ironfoot]] in the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]], and was succeeded by his son [[Bolg]].<ref name="App"/><ref name="Burst">{{H|Burst}}</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Little is known of Azog's origins, but he was the chief of the [[Orcs of the Misty Mountains|Orcs of Moria]], and apparently the most important Orcs warlord of the northern lands. The average lifespan of an Orc is unknown, but it is conceivable that he was one of those sent to Moria by [[Sauron]] in about {{TA|2480}}.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He had one son, Bolg, who succeeded him after his death.<ref name="Burst"/><br />
<br />
[[File:Steamey - Azog and Nár.jpg|thumb|left|''Azog and Nár'' by [[:Category:Images by Steamey|Steamey]]]]<br />
<br />
Azog entered history in the year {{TA|2790}} due to King [[Thrór|Thrór's]] desire to revisit and perhaps refound the lost realm of [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]], in whose mighty ruins Azog dwelt.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He entered the [[Great Gates]], but Azog and his orcs captured and slew him, and branded his hewn head with his own name, "AZOG". He flung the head at [[Nár]] who waited outside, then a money purse containing "few coins of little worth", warning that he would tolerate no future Dwarf beggars entering his domain at Moria.<br />
<br />
When news of this reached Thrór's heir [[Thráin]], he was greatly angered, and mustered a force of [[Dwarves]] to seek revenge on Azog. So the War of the Dwarves and Orcs began: the [[Longbeards]] hunted Azog, and many battles were fought beneath the earth. After nine years of war, the climactic Battle of Azanulbizar was fought before the gates of Moria itself in {{TA|2799}}.<ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
King Thráin II and his son [[Thorin|Thorin]] were in that battle, near the end of which, Azog emerged from the inner gate with his guards, Náin was exhausted and half blind with rage. He tried to swing as hard as he could, but Azog darted aside and Náin missed, splintering his mattocks on the ground. The orc kicked him in the leg when he dodged the Dwarf's blow, making him stumble, at which point Azog attempted to thrust and behead him, succeeding only in breaking Náin's neck because of the strong mail he was wearing. At this point, Azog noticed his retreating forces and retreated back inside. As he did, Dáin II chased him up the steps and beheaded him with a single mighty srtike, which became forever known as a deed of great valor considering Dáin's young age. Azog's head was impaled on a spike, with the same coin-filled purse stuffed in his mouth that he had flung at Nár after he killed Thrór nine years before.<ref name="App"/><br />
<br />
Azog's underground dominions in the north, though greatly reduced in the War, fell to his son Bolg, who held them for almost 150 years until he too met his end at the [[Battle of Five Armies]] in {{TA|2941}}.<ref name="Burst"/><ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Azog.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
The meaning and origin of the name ''Azog'' is unknown. It is most likely a name in the [[Black Speech]], though [[Mágol]] may also be a possibility.<ref>{{HM|RB}}, p. 787, note 38</ref><br />
<br />
[[Andreas Moehn]] has noted an apparent but tentative similarity with [[Mannish]], in the [[Adunaic]] word ''[[zagar]]'' meaning "sword", in which case ''Azog'' might refer to "warrior" or anything similar.<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Andreas Moehn]]|articleurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930151024/http:/lalaith.vpsurf.de/Tolkien/Atani.html|articlename=Etymologies of the Atani languages|dated=18 July 2002|website=Middle-earth Science Pages (Internet Archive)|accessed=31.7.2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| AZO |AZO='''AZOG'''<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2799}}'' </small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |!| |}}<br />
{{familytree| BOL |BOL=[[Bolg]]<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2941}}'' </small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Azog in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|lines=2<br />
|File:The Hobbit - The Battle of the Five Armies - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Films===<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
: Azog is played by [[Manu Bennett]] via motion-capture and CG (though he was originally intended to be played by [[Conan Stevens]] in a practical costume and makeup<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150257180211558|articlename=Casting News for The Hobbit|dated=19-May-2011|website=FB|accessed=21-Dec-2011}}).</ref>). He is a white-skinned Orc, known as the Pale Orc or Azog the Defiler. According to [[Balin]], he is from [[Gundabad]]. In the films, the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] appears in a flashback. [[Thrór]] is still alive at this time and is beheaded by Azog during the battle. [[Thorin]] fights with Azog and cuts off his left forearm, and the Pale Orc is dragged off by a few fellow [[Orcs]]. Thorin believes Azog to have died from his wounds, but, unlike in the book, he actually survived the battle and serves as Thorin's nemesis. The Pale Orc is also portrayed as a committed and trusted general of [[Sauron|the Necromancer]] - whereas in the source material his allegiance to the [[Dark Lord]] can only be assumed as a likelihood - and he is therefore tasked by his master first with hindering Oakenshield's quest and later with conquering the [[Erebor|Lonely Mountain]].<br />
<br />
: In the films, Azog speaks exclusively in [[Orkish]], whereas his literary counterpart was also known for using the [[Common Speech]]. He rides a gigantic [[Warg Matriarch|white warg]]. He also lacks the iron-clad head he featured in the books.<br />
<br />
'''2012: ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]'':'''<br />
: Azog leads a pack of Orcs on Wargs in hunting down [[Thorin and Company]] to wipe out the [[House of Durin|Line of Durin]] and to take his revenge on Thorin for his wound - even putting out a bounty on Thorin's head. In the film, it is his pack (not the Orcs of [[Goblin-town]]) that catch up to the Company on the other side of the [[Misty Mountains]]; after a brief fight with Thorin, he loses them when they are rescued by the [[Eagles]].<br />
<br />
'''2013: ''[[The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug]]'':'''<br />
: While still in pursuit of Thorin and Company as they come down from the [[Carrock]] and make their way to [[Beorn]]'s house, he is summoned to [[Dol Guldur]] by the Necromancer himself. Though annoyed that yet again he is unable to track down Oakenshield, Azog submits to his master and agrees to lead his armies to [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]], sending his son Bolg to pursue the Company in his stead. He later leads an unsuccessful attack on [[Gandalf]] when the [[Wizards|Wizard]] enters the fortress prior to the army's departure.<br />
<br />
'''2014: ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]'':'''<br />
: In this movie, Azog's appearance is changed, as he now wears plate armor, and he replaced his claw arm with one that looks similar to a sword. Azog is first seen marching on Erebor. When [[Bolg]] tells him of the [[Elves of Mirkwood|Elven]] Army, he orders him to Gundabad for more troops. From [[Ravenhill]], Azog commands the Orcs in the [[Battle of Five Armies]]. Thorin, [[Fíli]], [[Kíli]] and [[Dwalin]] go to kill Azog, in order to leave the Orcs leaderless. But Azog captures Fíli and kills him in front of Thorin. Azog finally battles Thorin on a frozen lake and is knocked underwater. However, he breaks through the ice and stabs Thorin, mortally wounding him. Despite this, the Dwarf leader manages to stab Azog through the chest with [[Orcrist]] - finally killing the Pale Orc - shortly before succumbing to his own wounds.<br />
<br />
===Games===<br />
'''2021: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
: Azog appears in an extended flashback depicting the beginning and the end of the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]. Azog's youngest son "Komog" is slain in the halls of [[Gundabad]], while his eldest son "Urro" is killed by [[Thorin]] during the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] in the same engagement that earns him the name "Oakenshield". [[Bolg]] survives as his only heir by escaping into [[Moria]] shortly before Azog is killed by Dáin.<br />
<br />
:In the present day, Azog's descendants continue to plague Durin's Folk. Bolg's son "Mazog", Lord of Moria, is the major antagonist of the ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria|Mines of Moria]]'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Siege of Mirkwood|Siege of Mirkwood]]'' expansions. Bolg's other son "Gorgar the Ruthless", Lord of Gundabad, is the chief antagonist of the ''War of Three Peaks'' expansion.<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br/><br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| race=orc<br />
| house=<br />
| born=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| died={{TA|2799}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
| prev=Unknown<br />
| list=[[Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| dates=Unknown - {{TA|2799}}<br />
| next=[[Bolg]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
{{hobbitfilms}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Azog}}<br />
[[Category:Black Speech words]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Hobbit]]<br />
[[Category:Orcs]]<br />
[[Category:Pronounced articles]]<br />
[[Category:Rulers in Middle-earth]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Azog]]<br />
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/orques/azog]]<br />
[[fi:Azog]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Azog&diff=384888Azog2024-01-19T09:16:24Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{orc infobox<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| image=[[File:Pascal Yung - Azog.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Azog" by [[:Category:Images by Pascal Yung|Pascal Yung]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=<br />
| titles=''the Goblin''<ref name="Party">{{H|Party}}</ref><br />
| position=[[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| location=[[Moria]]<br/>[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Orcs of the Misty Mountains]]<br />
| language=''Presumably'' [[Orkish]] and [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=<br />
| death={{TA|2799}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=Killing [[Thrór]];<br/>triggering the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=[[Bolg]]<br />
| race=<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Tall<ref name="App">{{App|Durin}}</ref><br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
'''Azog''' was an [[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain of [[Moria]], who started the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] when he slew [[Thrór]].<ref name=Party/> He was himself slain by [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin II Ironfoot]] in the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]], and was succeeded by his son [[Bolg]].<ref name="App"/><ref name="Burst">{{H|Burst}}</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Little is known of Azog's origins, but he was the chief of the [[Orcs of the Misty Mountains|Orcs of Moria]], and apparently the most important Orcs warlord of the northern lands. The average lifespan of an Orc is unknown, but it is conceivable that he was one of those sent to [[Moria]] by [[Sauron]] in about {{TA|2480}}.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He had one son, [[Bolg]], who succeeded him after his death.<ref name="Burst"/><br />
<br />
[[File:Steamey - Azog and Nár.jpg|thumb|left|''Azog and Nár'' by [[:Category:Images by Steamey|Steamey]]]]<br />
<br />
Azog entered history in the year {{TA|2790}} due to King [[Thrór|Thrór's]] desire to revisit and perhaps refound the lost realm of [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]], in whose mighty ruins Azog dwelt.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He entered the [[Great Gates]], but Azog and his orcs captured and slew him, and branded his hewn head with his own name, "AZOG". He flung the head at [[Nár]] who waited outside, then a money purse containing "few coins of little worth", warning that he would tolerate no future Dwarf beggars entering his domain at Moria.<br />
<br />
When news of this reached [[Thrór]]'s heir [[Thráin]], he was greatly angered, and mustered a force of [[Dwarves]] to seek revenge on Azog. So the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] began: the [[Dwarves]] hunted Azog, and many battles were fought beneath the earth. After nine years of war, the climactic [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] was fought before the gates of [[Moria]] itself in {{TA|2799}}.<ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
King [[Thráin|Thráin II]] and his son [[Thorin|Thorin]] were in that battle, near the end of which, Azog emerged from the inner gate with his guards, Náin was exhausted and half blind with rage. He tried to swing as hard as he could, but Azog darted aside and Náin missed, splintering his mattocks on the ground. The orc kicked him in the leg when he dodged the Dwarf's blow, making him stumble, at which point Azog attempted to thrust and behead him, succeeding only in breaking Náin's neck because of the strong mail he was wearing. At this point, Azog noticed his retreating forces and retreated back inside. As he did, Dáin II chased him up the steps and beheaded him with a single mighty srtike, which became forever known as a deed of great valor considering Dáin's young age. Azog's head was impaled on a spike, with the same coin-filled purse stuffed in his mouth that he had flung at Nár after he killed Thrór nine years before.<ref name="App"/><br />
<br />
Azog's underground dominions in the north, though greatly reduced in the War, fell to his son [[Bolg]], who held them for almost 150 years until he too met his end at the [[Battle of Five Armies]] in {{TA|2941}}.<ref name="Burst"/><ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Azog.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
The meaning and origin of the name ''Azog'' is unknown. It is most likely a name in the [[Black Speech]], though [[Mágol]] may also be a possibility.<ref>{{HM|RB}}, p. 787, note 38</ref><br />
<br />
[[Andreas Moehn]] has noted an apparent but tentative similarity with [[Mannish]], in the [[Adunaic]] word ''[[zagar]]'' meaning "sword", in which case ''Azog'' might refer to "warrior" or anything similar.<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Andreas Moehn]]|articleurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930151024/http:/lalaith.vpsurf.de/Tolkien/Atani.html|articlename=Etymologies of the Atani languages|dated=18 July 2002|website=Middle-earth Science Pages (Internet Archive)|accessed=31.7.2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| AZO |AZO='''AZOG'''<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2799}}'' </small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |!| |}}<br />
{{familytree| BOL |BOL=[[Bolg]]<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2941}}'' </small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Azog in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|lines=2<br />
|File:The Hobbit - The Battle of the Five Armies - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Films===<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
: Azog is played by [[Manu Bennett]] via motion-capture and CG (though he was originally intended to be played by [[Conan Stevens]] in a practical costume and makeup<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150257180211558|articlename=Casting News for The Hobbit|dated=19-May-2011|website=FB|accessed=21-Dec-2011}}).</ref>). He is a white-skinned Orc, known as the Pale Orc or Azog the Defiler. According to [[Balin]], he is from [[Gundabad]]. In the films, the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] appears in a flashback. [[Thrór]] is still alive at this time and is beheaded by Azog during the battle. [[Thorin]] fights with Azog and cuts off his left forearm, and the Pale Orc is dragged off by a few fellow [[Orcs]]. Thorin believes Azog to have died from his wounds, but, unlike in the book, he actually survived the battle and serves as Thorin's nemesis. The Pale Orc is also portrayed as a committed and trusted general of [[Sauron|the Necromancer]] - whereas in the source material his allegiance to the [[Dark Lord]] can only be assumed as a likelihood - and he is therefore tasked by his master first with hindering Oakenshield's quest and later with conquering the [[Erebor|Lonely Mountain]].<br />
<br />
: In the films, Azog speaks exclusively in [[Orkish]], whereas his literary counterpart was also known for using the [[Common Speech]]. He rides a gigantic [[Warg Matriarch|white warg]]. He also lacks the iron-clad head he featured in the books.<br />
<br />
'''2012: ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]'':'''<br />
: Azog leads a pack of Orcs on Wargs in hunting down [[Thorin and Company]] to wipe out the [[House of Durin|Line of Durin]] and to take his revenge on Thorin for his wound - even putting out a bounty on Thorin's head. In the film, it is his pack (not the Orcs of [[Goblin-town]]) that catch up to the Company on the other side of the [[Misty Mountains]]; after a brief fight with Thorin, he loses them when they are rescued by the [[Eagles]].<br />
<br />
'''2013: ''[[The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug]]'':'''<br />
: While still in pursuit of Thorin and Company as they come down from the [[Carrock]] and make their way to [[Beorn]]'s house, he is summoned to [[Dol Guldur]] by the Necromancer himself. Though annoyed that yet again he is unable to track down Oakenshield, Azog submits to his master and agrees to lead his armies to [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]], sending his son Bolg to pursue the Company in his stead. He later leads an unsuccessful attack on [[Gandalf]] when the [[Wizards|Wizard]] enters the fortress prior to the army's departure.<br />
<br />
'''2014: ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]'':'''<br />
: In this movie, Azog's appearance is changed, as he now wears plate armor, and he replaced his claw arm with one that looks similar to a sword. Azog is first seen marching on Erebor. When [[Bolg]] tells him of the [[Elves of Mirkwood|Elven]] Army, he orders him to Gundabad for more troops. From [[Ravenhill]], Azog commands the Orcs in the [[Battle of Five Armies]]. Thorin, [[Fíli]], [[Kíli]] and [[Dwalin]] go to kill Azog, in order to leave the Orcs leaderless. But Azog captures Fíli and kills him in front of Thorin. Azog finally battles Thorin on a frozen lake and is knocked underwater. However, he breaks through the ice and stabs Thorin, mortally wounding him. Despite this, the Dwarf leader manages to stab Azog through the chest with [[Orcrist]] - finally killing the Pale Orc - shortly before succumbing to his own wounds.<br />
<br />
===Games===<br />
'''2021: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
: Azog appears in an extended flashback depicting the beginning and the end of the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]. Azog's youngest son "Komog" is slain in the halls of [[Gundabad]], while his eldest son "Urro" is killed by [[Thorin]] during the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] in the same engagement that earns him the name "Oakenshield". [[Bolg]] survives as his only heir by escaping into [[Moria]] shortly before Azog is killed by Dáin.<br />
<br />
:In the present day, Azog's descendants continue to plague Durin's Folk. Bolg's son "Mazog", Lord of Moria, is the major antagonist of the ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria|Mines of Moria]]'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Siege of Mirkwood|Siege of Mirkwood]]'' expansions. Bolg's other son "Gorgar the Ruthless", Lord of Gundabad, is the chief antagonist of the ''War of Three Peaks'' expansion.<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br/><br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| race=orc<br />
| house=<br />
| born=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| died={{TA|2799}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
| prev=Unknown<br />
| list=[[Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| dates=Unknown - {{TA|2799}}<br />
| next=[[Bolg]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
{{hobbitfilms}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Azog}}<br />
[[Category:Black Speech words]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Hobbit]]<br />
[[Category:Orcs]]<br />
[[Category:Pronounced articles]]<br />
[[Category:Rulers in Middle-earth]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Azog]]<br />
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/orques/azog]]<br />
[[fi:Azog]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Azog&diff=384887Azog2024-01-19T09:13:52Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{orc infobox<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| image=[[File:Pascal Yung - Azog.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Azog" by [[:Category:Images by Pascal Yung|Pascal Yung]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=<br />
| titles=''the Goblin''<ref name="Party">{{H|Party}}</ref><br />
| position=[[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| location=[[Moria]]<br/>[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Orcs of the Misty Mountains]]<br />
| language=''Presumably'' [[Orkish]] and [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=<br />
| death={{TA|2799}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=Killing [[Thrór]];<br/>triggering the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=[[Bolg]]<br />
| race=<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Tall<ref name="App">{{App|Durin}}</ref><br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
'''Azog''' was an [[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain of [[Moria]], who started the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] when he slew [[Thrór]].<ref name=Party/> He was himself slain by [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin II Ironfoot]] in the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]], and was succeeded by his son [[Bolg]].<ref name="App"/><ref name="Burst">{{H|Burst}}</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Little is known of Azog's origins, but he was the chief of the [[Orcs of the Misty Mountains|Orcs of Moria]], and apparently the most important Orcs warlord of the northern lands. The average lifespan of an Orc is unknown, but it is conceivable that he was one of those sent to [[Moria]] by [[Sauron]] in about {{TA|2480}}.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He had one son, [[Bolg]], who succeeded him after his death.<br />
<br />
[[File:Steamey - Azog and Nár.jpg|thumb|left|''Azog and Nár'' by [[:Category:Images by Steamey|Steamey]]]]<br />
<br />
Azog entered history in the year {{TA|2790}} due to King [[Thrór|Thrór's]] desire to revisit and perhaps refound the lost realm of [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]], in whose mighty ruins Azog dwelt.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He entered the [[Great Gates]], but Azog and his orcs captured and slew him, and branded his hewn head with his own name, "AZOG". He flung the head at [[Nár]] who waited outside, then a money purse containing "few coins of little worth", warning that he would tolerate no future Dwarf beggars entering his domain at Moria.<br />
<br />
When news of this reached [[Thrór]]'s heir [[Thráin]], he was greatly angered, and mustered a force of [[Dwarves]] to seek revenge on Azog. So the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] began: the [[Dwarves]] hunted Azog, and many battles were fought beneath the earth. After nine years of war, the climactic [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] was fought before the gates of [[Moria]] itself in {{TA|2799}}.<ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
King [[Thráin|Thráin II]] and his son [[Thorin|Thorin]] were in that battle, near the end of which, Azog emerged from the inner gate with his guards, Náin was exhausted and half blind with rage. He tried to swing as hard as he could, but Azog darted aside and Náin missed, splintering his mattocks on the ground. The orc kicked him in the leg when he dodged the Dwarf's blow, making him stumble, at which point Azog attempted to thrust and behead him, succeeding only in breaking Náin's neck because of the strong mail he was wearing. At this point, Azog noticed his retreating forces and retreated back inside. As he did, Dáin II chased him up the steps and beheaded him with a single mighty srtike, which became forever known as a deed of great valor considering Dáin's young age. Azog's head was impaled on a spike, with the same coin-filled purse stuffed in his mouth that he had flung at Nár after he killed Thrór nine years before.<ref name="App"/><br />
<br />
Azog's underground dominions in the north, though greatly reduced in the War, fell to his son [[Bolg]], who held them for almost 150 years until he too met his end at the [[Battle of Five Armies]] in {{TA|2941}}.<ref name="Burst"/><ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Azog.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
The meaning and origin of the name ''Azog'' is unknown. It is most likely a name in the [[Black Speech]], though [[Mágol]] may also be a possibility.<ref>{{HM|RB}}, p. 787, note 38</ref><br />
<br />
[[Andreas Moehn]] has noted an apparent but tentative similarity with [[Mannish]], in the [[Adunaic]] word ''[[zagar]]'' meaning "sword", in which case ''Azog'' might refer to "warrior" or anything similar.<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Andreas Moehn]]|articleurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930151024/http:/lalaith.vpsurf.de/Tolkien/Atani.html|articlename=Etymologies of the Atani languages|dated=18 July 2002|website=Middle-earth Science Pages (Internet Archive)|accessed=31.7.2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| AZO |AZO='''AZOG'''<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2799}}'' </small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |!| |}}<br />
{{familytree| BOL |BOL=[[Bolg]]<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2941}}'' </small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Azog in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|lines=2<br />
|File:The Hobbit - The Battle of the Five Armies - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Films===<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
: Azog is played by [[Manu Bennett]] via motion-capture and CG (though he was originally intended to be played by [[Conan Stevens]] in a practical costume and makeup<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150257180211558|articlename=Casting News for The Hobbit|dated=19-May-2011|website=FB|accessed=21-Dec-2011}}).</ref>). He is a white-skinned Orc, known as the Pale Orc or Azog the Defiler. According to [[Balin]], he is from [[Gundabad]]. In the films, the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] appears in a flashback. [[Thrór]] is still alive at this time and is beheaded by Azog during the battle. [[Thorin]] fights with Azog and cuts off his left forearm, and the Pale Orc is dragged off by a few fellow [[Orcs]]. Thorin believes Azog to have died from his wounds, but, unlike in the book, he actually survived the battle and serves as Thorin's nemesis. The Pale Orc is also portrayed as a committed and trusted general of [[Sauron|the Necromancer]] - whereas in the source material his allegiance to the [[Dark Lord]] can only be assumed as a likelihood - and he is therefore tasked by his master first with hindering Oakenshield's quest and later with conquering the [[Erebor|Lonely Mountain]].<br />
<br />
: In the films, Azog speaks exclusively in [[Orkish]], whereas his literary counterpart was also known for using the [[Common Speech]]. He rides a gigantic [[Warg Matriarch|white warg]]. He also lacks the iron-clad head he featured in the books.<br />
<br />
'''2012: ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]'':'''<br />
: Azog leads a pack of Orcs on Wargs in hunting down [[Thorin and Company]] to wipe out the [[House of Durin|Line of Durin]] and to take his revenge on Thorin for his wound - even putting out a bounty on Thorin's head. In the film, it is his pack (not the Orcs of [[Goblin-town]]) that catch up to the Company on the other side of the [[Misty Mountains]]; after a brief fight with Thorin, he loses them when they are rescued by the [[Eagles]].<br />
<br />
'''2013: ''[[The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug]]'':'''<br />
: While still in pursuit of Thorin and Company as they come down from the [[Carrock]] and make their way to [[Beorn]]'s house, he is summoned to [[Dol Guldur]] by the Necromancer himself. Though annoyed that yet again he is unable to track down Oakenshield, Azog submits to his master and agrees to lead his armies to [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]], sending his son Bolg to pursue the Company in his stead. He later leads an unsuccessful attack on [[Gandalf]] when the [[Wizards|Wizard]] enters the fortress prior to the army's departure.<br />
<br />
'''2014: ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]'':'''<br />
: In this movie, Azog's appearance is changed, as he now wears plate armor, and he replaced his claw arm with one that looks similar to a sword. Azog is first seen marching on Erebor. When [[Bolg]] tells him of the [[Elves of Mirkwood|Elven]] Army, he orders him to Gundabad for more troops. From [[Ravenhill]], Azog commands the Orcs in the [[Battle of Five Armies]]. Thorin, [[Fíli]], [[Kíli]] and [[Dwalin]] go to kill Azog, in order to leave the Orcs leaderless. But Azog captures Fíli and kills him in front of Thorin. Azog finally battles Thorin on a frozen lake and is knocked underwater. However, he breaks through the ice and stabs Thorin, mortally wounding him. Despite this, the Dwarf leader manages to stab Azog through the chest with [[Orcrist]] - finally killing the Pale Orc - shortly before succumbing to his own wounds.<br />
<br />
===Games===<br />
'''2021: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
: Azog appears in an extended flashback depicting the beginning and the end of the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]. Azog's youngest son "Komog" is slain in the halls of [[Gundabad]], while his eldest son "Urro" is killed by [[Thorin]] during the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] in the same engagement that earns him the name "Oakenshield". [[Bolg]] survives as his only heir by escaping into [[Moria]] shortly before Azog is killed by Dáin.<br />
<br />
:In the present day, Azog's descendants continue to plague Durin's Folk. Bolg's son "Mazog", Lord of Moria, is the major antagonist of the ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria|Mines of Moria]]'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Siege of Mirkwood|Siege of Mirkwood]]'' expansions. Bolg's other son "Gorgar the Ruthless", Lord of Gundabad, is the chief antagonist of the ''War of Three Peaks'' expansion.<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br/><br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| race=orc<br />
| house=<br />
| born=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| died={{TA|2799}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
| prev=Unknown<br />
| list=[[Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| dates=Unknown - {{TA|2799}}<br />
| next=[[Bolg]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
{{hobbitfilms}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Azog}}<br />
[[Category:Black Speech words]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Hobbit]]<br />
[[Category:Orcs]]<br />
[[Category:Pronounced articles]]<br />
[[Category:Rulers in Middle-earth]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Azog]]<br />
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/orques/azog]]<br />
[[fi:Azog]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Azog&diff=384885Azog2024-01-19T08:53:05Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{orc infobox<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| image=[[File:Pascal Yung - Azog.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Azog" by [[:Category:Images by Pascal Yung|Pascal Yung]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=<br />
| titles=''the Goblin''<ref name="Party">{{H|Party}}</ref><br />
| position=[[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| location=[[Moria]]<br/>[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Orcs of the Misty Mountains]]<br />
| language=''Presumably'' [[Orkish]] and [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=<br />
| death={{TA|2799}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=Killing [[Thrór]];<br/>triggering the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=[[Bolg]]<br />
| race=<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Tall<ref name="App">{{App|Durin}}</ref><br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
'''Azog''' was an [[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain of [[Moria]], who started the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] when he slew [[Thrór]].<ref name=Party/> He was himself slain by [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin II Ironfoot]] in the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]], and was succeeded by his son [[Bolg]].<ref name="App"/><ref name="Burst">{{H|Burst}}</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Little is known of Azog's origins, but he was the chief of the [[Orcs of the Misty Mountains|Orcs of Moria]], and apparently the most important Orcs warlord of the northern lands. The average lifespan of an Orc is unknown, but it is conceivable that he was one of those sent to [[Moria]] by [[Sauron]] in about {{TA|2480}}.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He had one son, [[Bolg]], who succeeded him after his death.<br />
<br />
[[File:Steamey - Azog and Nár.jpg|thumb|left|200px|''Azog and Nár'' by [[:Category:Images by Steamey|Steamey]]]]<br />
<br />
Azog entered history in the year {{TA|2790}} due to King [[Thrór|Thrór's]] desire to revisit and perhaps refound the lost realm of [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]], in whose mighty ruins Azog dwelt.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He entered the [[Great Gates]], but Azog and his orcs captured and slew him, and branded his hewn head with his own name, "AZOG". He flung the head at [[Nár]] who waited outside, then a money purse containing "few coins of little worth", warning that he would tolerate no future Dwarf beggars entering his domain at Moria.<br />
<br />
When news of this reached [[Thrór]]'s heir [[Thráin]], he was greatly angered, and mustered a force of [[Dwarves]] to seek revenge on Azog. So the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] began: the [[Dwarves]] hunted Azog, and many battles were fought beneath the earth. After nine years of war, the climactic [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] was fought before the gates of [[Moria]] itself in {{TA|2799}}.<ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
King [[Thráin|Thráin II]] and his son [[Thorin|Thorin]] were in that battle, near the end of which, Azog emerged from the inner gate with his guards, Náin was exhausted and half blind with rage. He tried to swing as hard as he could, but Azog darted aside and Náin missed, splintering his mattocks on the ground. The orc kicked him in the leg when he dodged the Dwarf's blow, making him stumble, at which point Azog attempted to thrust and behead him, succeeding only in breaking Náin's neck because of the strong mail he was wearing. At this point, Azog noticed his retreating forces and retreated back inside. As he did, Dáin II chased him up the steps and beheaded him with a single mighty srtike, which became forever known as a deed of great valor considering Dáin's young age. Azog's head was impaled on a spike, with the same coin-filled purse stuffed in his mouth that he had flung at Nár after he killed Thrór nine years before.<ref name="App"/><br />
<br />
Azog's underground dominions in the north, though greatly reduced in the War, fell to his son [[Bolg]], who held them for almost 150 years until he too met his end at the [[Battle of Five Armies]] in {{TA|2941}}.<ref name="Burst"/><ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Azog.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
The meaning and origin of the name ''Azog'' is unknown. It is most likely a name in the [[Black Speech]], though [[Mágol]] may also be a possibility.<ref>{{HM|RB}}, p. 787, note 38</ref><br />
<br />
[[Andreas Moehn]] has noted an apparent but tentative similarity with [[Mannish]], in the [[Adunaic]] word ''[[zagar]]'' meaning "sword", in which case ''Azog'' might refer to "warrior" or anything similar.<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Andreas Moehn]]|articleurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930151024/http:/lalaith.vpsurf.de/Tolkien/Atani.html|articlename=Etymologies of the Atani languages|dated=18 July 2002|website=Middle-earth Science Pages (Internet Archive)|accessed=31.7.2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| AZO |AZO='''AZOG'''<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2799}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |!| |}}<br />
{{familytree| BOL |BOL=[[Bolg]]<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2941}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Azog in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|lines=2<br />
|File:The Hobbit - The Battle of the Five Armies - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Films===<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
: Azog is played by [[Manu Bennett]] via motion-capture and CG (though he was originally intended to be played by [[Conan Stevens]] in a practical costume and makeup<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150257180211558|articlename=Casting News for The Hobbit|dated=19-May-2011|website=FB|accessed=21-Dec-2011}}).</ref>). He is a white-skinned Orc, known as the Pale Orc or Azog the Defiler. According to [[Balin]], he is from [[Gundabad]]. In the films, the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] appears in a flashback. [[Thrór]] is still alive at this time and is beheaded by Azog during the battle. [[Thorin]] fights with Azog and cuts off his left forearm, and the Pale Orc is dragged off by a few fellow [[Orcs]]. Thorin believes Azog to have died from his wounds, but, unlike in the book, he actually survived the battle and serves as Thorin's nemesis. The Pale Orc is also portrayed as a committed and trusted general of [[Sauron|the Necromancer]] - whereas in the source material his allegiance to the [[Dark Lord]] can only be assumed as a likelihood - and he is therefore tasked by his master first with hindering Oakenshield's quest and later with conquering the [[Erebor|Lonely Mountain]].<br />
<br />
: In the films, Azog speaks exclusively in [[Orkish]], whereas his literary counterpart was also known for using the [[Common Speech]]. He rides a gigantic [[Warg Matriarch|white warg]]. He also lacks the iron-clad head he featured in the books.<br />
<br />
'''2012: ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]'':'''<br />
: Azog leads a pack of Orcs on Wargs in hunting down [[Thorin and Company]] to wipe out the [[House of Durin|Line of Durin]] and to take his revenge on Thorin for his wound - even putting out a bounty on Thorin's head. In the film, it is his pack (not the Orcs of [[Goblin-town]]) that catch up to the Company on the other side of the [[Misty Mountains]]; after a brief fight with Thorin, he loses them when they are rescued by the [[Eagles]].<br />
<br />
'''2013: ''[[The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug]]'':'''<br />
: While still in pursuit of Thorin and Company as they come down from the [[Carrock]] and make their way to [[Beorn]]'s house, he is summoned to [[Dol Guldur]] by the Necromancer himself. Though annoyed that yet again he is unable to track down Oakenshield, Azog submits to his master and agrees to lead his armies to [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]], sending his son Bolg to pursue the Company in his stead. He later leads an unsuccessful attack on [[Gandalf]] when the [[Wizards|Wizard]] enters the fortress prior to the army's departure.<br />
<br />
'''2014: ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]'':'''<br />
: In this movie, Azog's appearance is changed, as he now wears plate armor, and he replaced his claw arm with one that looks similar to a sword. Azog is first seen marching on Erebor. When [[Bolg]] tells him of the [[Elves of Mirkwood|Elven]] Army, he orders him to Gundabad for more troops. From [[Ravenhill]], Azog commands the Orcs in the [[Battle of Five Armies]]. Thorin, [[Fíli]], [[Kíli]] and [[Dwalin]] go to kill Azog, in order to leave the Orcs leaderless. But Azog captures Fíli and kills him in front of Thorin. Azog finally battles Thorin on a frozen lake and is knocked underwater. However, he breaks through the ice and stabs Thorin, mortally wounding him. Despite this, the Dwarf leader manages to stab Azog through the chest with [[Orcrist]] - finally killing the Pale Orc - shortly before succumbing to his own wounds.<br />
<br />
===Games===<br />
'''2021: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
: Azog appears in an extended flashback depicting the beginning and the end of the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]. Azog's youngest son "Komog" is slain in the halls of [[Gundabad]], while his eldest son "Urro" is killed by [[Thorin]] during the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] in the same engagement that earns him the name "Oakenshield". [[Bolg]] survives as his only heir by escaping into [[Moria]] shortly before Azog is killed by Dáin.<br />
<br />
:In the present day, Azog's descendants continue to plague Durin's Folk. Bolg's son "Mazog", Lord of Moria, is the major antagonist of the ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria|Mines of Moria]]'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Siege of Mirkwood|Siege of Mirkwood]]'' expansions. Bolg's other son "Gorgar the Ruthless", Lord of Gundabad, is the chief antagonist of the ''War of Three Peaks'' expansion.<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
{{hobbitfilms}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Azog}}<br />
<br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| race=orc<br />
| house=<br />
| born=<br />
| died={{TA|2799}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
| prev=unknown<br />
| list=[[Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| dates=unknown - {{TA|2799}}<br />
| next=[[Bolg]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Black Speech words]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Hobbit]]<br />
[[Category:Orcs]]<br />
[[Category:Pronounced articles]]<br />
[[Category:Rulers in Middle-earth]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Azog]]<br />
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/orques/azog]]<br />
[[fi:Azog]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Azog&diff=384884Azog2024-01-19T08:51:38Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{orc infobox<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| image=[[File:Pascal Yung - Azog.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Azog" by [[:Category:Images by Pascal Yung|Pascal Yung]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=<br />
| titles=''the Goblin''<ref name="Party"/><br />
| position=[[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| location=[[Moria]]<br/>[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Orcs of the Misty Mountains]]<br />
| language=''Presumably'' [[Orkish]] and [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=<br />
| death={{TA|2799}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=Killing [[Thrór]];<br/>triggering the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=[[Bolg]]<br />
| race=<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Tall<ref name="App">{{App|Durin}}</ref><br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
'''Azog''' was an [[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain of [[Moria]], who started the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] when he slew [[Thrór]].<ref name=Party/> He was himself slain by [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin II Ironfoot]] in the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]], and was succeeded by his son [[Bolg]].<ref name="App"/><ref name="Party">{{H|Party}}</ref><ref name="Burst">{{H|Burst}}</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Little is known of Azog's origins, but he was the chief of the [[Orcs of the Misty Mountains|Orcs of Moria]], and apparently the most important Orcs warlord of the northern lands. The average lifespan of an Orc is unknown, but it is conceivable that he was one of those sent to [[Moria]] by [[Sauron]] in about {{TA|2480}}.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He had one son, [[Bolg]], who succeeded him after his death.<br />
<br />
[[File:Steamey - Azog and Nár.jpg|thumb|left|200px|''Azog and Nár'' by [[:Category:Images by Steamey|Steamey]]]]<br />
<br />
Azog entered history in the year {{TA|2790}} due to King [[Thrór|Thrór's]] desire to revisit and perhaps refound the lost realm of [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]], in whose mighty ruins Azog dwelt.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> He entered the [[Great Gates]], but Azog and his orcs captured and slew him, and branded his hewn head with his own name, "AZOG". He flung the head at [[Nár]] who waited outside, then a money purse containing "few coins of little worth", warning that he would tolerate no future Dwarf beggars entering his domain at Moria.<br />
<br />
When news of this reached [[Thrór]]'s heir [[Thráin]], he was greatly angered, and mustered a force of [[Dwarves]] to seek revenge on Azog. So the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] began: the [[Dwarves]] hunted Azog, and many battles were fought beneath the earth. After nine years of war, the climactic [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] was fought before the gates of [[Moria]] itself in {{TA|2799}}.<ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
King [[Thráin|Thráin II]] and his son [[Thorin|Thorin]] were in that battle, near the end of which, Azog emerged from the inner gate with his guards, Náin was exhausted and half blind with rage. He tried to swing as hard as he could, but Azog darted aside and Náin missed, splintering his mattocks on the ground. The orc kicked him in the leg when he dodged the Dwarf's blow, making him stumble, at which point Azog attempted to thrust and behead him, succeeding only in breaking Náin's neck because of the strong mail he was wearing. At this point, Azog noticed his retreating forces and retreated back inside. As he did, Dáin II chased him up the steps and beheaded him with a single mighty srtike, which became forever known as a deed of great valor considering Dáin's young age. Azog's head was impaled on a spike, with the same coin-filled purse stuffed in his mouth that he had flung at Nár after he killed Thrór nine years before.<ref name="App"/><br />
<br />
Azog's underground dominions in the north, though greatly reduced in the War, fell to his son [[Bolg]], who held them for almost 150 years until he too met his end at the [[Battle of Five Armies]] in {{TA|2941}}.<ref name="Burst"/><ref name="TA"/><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Azog.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
The meaning and origin of the name ''Azog'' is unknown. It is most likely a name in the [[Black Speech]], though [[Mágol]] may also be a possibility.<ref>{{HM|RB}}, p. 787, note 38</ref><br />
<br />
[[Andreas Moehn]] has noted an apparent but tentative similarity with [[Mannish]], in the [[Adunaic]] word ''[[zagar]]'' meaning "sword", in which case ''Azog'' might refer to "warrior" or anything similar.<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Andreas Moehn]]|articleurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930151024/http:/lalaith.vpsurf.de/Tolkien/Atani.html|articlename=Etymologies of the Atani languages|dated=18 July 2002|website=Middle-earth Science Pages (Internet Archive)|accessed=31.7.2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| AZO |AZO='''AZOG'''<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2799}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |!| |}}<br />
{{familytree| BOL |BOL=[[Bolg]]<br/><small>''d. {{TA|2941}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Azog in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|lines=2<br />
|File:The Hobbit - The Battle of the Five Armies - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Films===<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
: Azog is played by [[Manu Bennett]] via motion-capture and CG (though he was originally intended to be played by [[Conan Stevens]] in a practical costume and makeup<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150257180211558|articlename=Casting News for The Hobbit|dated=19-May-2011|website=FB|accessed=21-Dec-2011}}).</ref>). He is a white-skinned Orc, known as the Pale Orc or Azog the Defiler. According to [[Balin]], he is from [[Gundabad]]. In the films, the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] appears in a flashback. [[Thrór]] is still alive at this time and is beheaded by Azog during the battle. [[Thorin]] fights with Azog and cuts off his left forearm, and the Pale Orc is dragged off by a few fellow [[Orcs]]. Thorin believes Azog to have died from his wounds, but, unlike in the book, he actually survived the battle and serves as Thorin's nemesis. The Pale Orc is also portrayed as a committed and trusted general of [[Sauron|the Necromancer]] - whereas in the source material his allegiance to the [[Dark Lord]] can only be assumed as a likelihood - and he is therefore tasked by his master first with hindering Oakenshield's quest and later with conquering the [[Erebor|Lonely Mountain]].<br />
<br />
: In the films, Azog speaks exclusively in [[Orkish]], whereas his literary counterpart was also known for using the [[Common Speech]]. He rides a gigantic [[Warg Matriarch|white warg]]. He also lacks the iron-clad head he featured in the books.<br />
<br />
'''2012: ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]'':'''<br />
: Azog leads a pack of Orcs on Wargs in hunting down [[Thorin and Company]] to wipe out the [[House of Durin|Line of Durin]] and to take his revenge on Thorin for his wound - even putting out a bounty on Thorin's head. In the film, it is his pack (not the Orcs of [[Goblin-town]]) that catch up to the Company on the other side of the [[Misty Mountains]]; after a brief fight with Thorin, he loses them when they are rescued by the [[Eagles]].<br />
<br />
'''2013: ''[[The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug]]'':'''<br />
: While still in pursuit of Thorin and Company as they come down from the [[Carrock]] and make their way to [[Beorn]]'s house, he is summoned to [[Dol Guldur]] by the Necromancer himself. Though annoyed that yet again he is unable to track down Oakenshield, Azog submits to his master and agrees to lead his armies to [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]], sending his son Bolg to pursue the Company in his stead. He later leads an unsuccessful attack on [[Gandalf]] when the [[Wizards|Wizard]] enters the fortress prior to the army's departure.<br />
<br />
'''2014: ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]'':'''<br />
: In this movie, Azog's appearance is changed, as he now wears plate armor, and he replaced his claw arm with one that looks similar to a sword. Azog is first seen marching on Erebor. When [[Bolg]] tells him of the [[Elves of Mirkwood|Elven]] Army, he orders him to Gundabad for more troops. From [[Ravenhill]], Azog commands the Orcs in the [[Battle of Five Armies]]. Thorin, [[Fíli]], [[Kíli]] and [[Dwalin]] go to kill Azog, in order to leave the Orcs leaderless. But Azog captures Fíli and kills him in front of Thorin. Azog finally battles Thorin on a frozen lake and is knocked underwater. However, he breaks through the ice and stabs Thorin, mortally wounding him. Despite this, the Dwarf leader manages to stab Azog through the chest with [[Orcrist]] - finally killing the Pale Orc - shortly before succumbing to his own wounds.<br />
<br />
===Games===<br />
'''2021: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
: Azog appears in an extended flashback depicting the beginning and the end of the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]. Azog's youngest son "Komog" is slain in the halls of [[Gundabad]], while his eldest son "Urro" is killed by [[Thorin]] during the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] in the same engagement that earns him the name "Oakenshield". [[Bolg]] survives as his only heir by escaping into [[Moria]] shortly before Azog is killed by Dáin.<br />
<br />
:In the present day, Azog's descendants continue to plague Durin's Folk. Bolg's son "Mazog", Lord of Moria, is the major antagonist of the ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria|Mines of Moria]]'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Siege of Mirkwood|Siege of Mirkwood]]'' expansions. Bolg's other son "Gorgar the Ruthless", Lord of Gundabad, is the chief antagonist of the ''War of Three Peaks'' expansion.<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
{{hobbitfilms}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Azog}}<br />
<br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| race=orc<br />
| house=<br />
| born=<br />
| died={{TA|2799}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
| prev=unknown<br />
| list=[[Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| dates=unknown - {{TA|2799}}<br />
| next=[[Bolg]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Black Speech words]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Hobbit]]<br />
[[Category:Orcs]]<br />
[[Category:Pronounced articles]]<br />
[[Category:Rulers in Middle-earth]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Azog]]<br />
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/orques/azog]]<br />
[[fi:Azog]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Azog&diff=384883Azog2024-01-19T07:54:30Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: /* History */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{orc infobox<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| image=[[File:Pascal Yung - Azog.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Azog" by [[:Category:Images by Pascal Yung|Pascal Yung]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=<br />
| titles=''the Goblin''<br />
| position=[[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| location=[[Moria]]</br>[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Orcs of the Misty Mountains]]<br />
| language=''Presumably'' [[Orkish]] and [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=<br />
| death={{TA|2799}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=Killing [[Thrór]], triggering the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=[[Bolg]]<br />
| race=<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Tall<ref name="App"/><br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
'''Azog''' was an [[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain of [[Moria]], who started the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] when he slew [[Thrór]]. He was himself slain by [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin II Ironfoot]] in the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]], and was succeeded by his son [[Bolg]].<ref>{{H|1}}</ref><ref>{{H|17}}</ref><ref name="App">{{App|A3}}</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Little is known of Azog's origins, but he was the chief of the [[Orcs]] of [[Moria]], and apparently the most important [[Orcs|Orkish]] warlord of the northern lands. The average lifespan of an Orc is unknown, but it is conceivable that he was one of those sent to [[Moria]] by [[Sauron]] in about {{TA|2480}}.{{fact}} He had one son, [[Bolg]], who succeeded him after his death.<br />
<br />
[[File:Steamey - Azog and Nár.jpg|thumb|left|200px|''Azog and Nár'' by [[:Category:Images by Steamey|Steamey]]]]<br />
<br />
Azog entered history in the year {{TA|2790}} due to King [[Thrór|Thrór's]] desire to revisit and perhaps refound the lost realm of [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]], in whose mighty ruins Azog dwelt. He entered the [[Great Gates]], but Azog and his orcs captured and slew him, and branded his hewn head with his own name, "AZOG". He flung the head at [[Nár]] who waited outside, then a money purse containing "few coins of little worth", warning that he would tolerate no future Dwarf beggars entering his domain at Moria.<br />
<br />
When news of this reached [[Thrór]]'s heir [[Thráin]], he was greatly angered, and mustered a force of [[Dwarves]] to seek revenge on Azog. So began the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]: the [[Dwarves]] hunted Azog, and many battles were fought beneath the earth. After nine years of war, the climactic [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] was fought before the gates of [[Moria]] itself.<br />
<br />
King [[Thráin|Thráin II]] and his son [[Thorin|Thorin]] were in that battle, near the end of which, Azog emerged from the inner gate with his guards, Náin was exhausted and half blind with rage. He tried to swing as hard as he could, but Azog darted aside and Náin missed, splintering his mattocks on the ground. The orc kicked him in the leg when he dodged the Dwarf's blow, making him stumble, at which point Azog attempted to thrust and behead him, succeeding only in breaking Náin's neck because of the strong mail he was wearing. At this point, Azog noticed his retreating forces and retreated back inside. As he did, Dain II chased him up the steps, beheading him Azog's head was impaled on a spike, with the same coin-filled purse stuffed in his mouth that he had flung at Nár after he killed Thrór nine years before.<br />
<br />
Azog's underground dominions in the north, though greatly reduced in the War, fell to his son [[Bolg]], who held them for almost 150 years until he too met his end at the [[Battle of Five Armies]] in {{TA|2941}}.<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Azog.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
The meaning and origin of the name ''Azog'' is unknown. It is most likely a name in the [[Black Speech]], though [[Mágol]] may also be a possibility.<ref>{{HM|RB}}, p. 787, note 38</ref><br />
<br />
[[Andreas Moehn]] has noted an apparent but tentative similarity with [[Mannish]], in the [[Adunaic]] word ''[[zagar]]'' meaning "sword", in which case ''Azog'' might refer to "warrior" or anything similar.<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Andreas Moehn]]|articleurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930151024/http:/lalaith.vpsurf.de/Tolkien/Atani.html|articlename=Etymologies of the Atani languages|dated=18 July 2002|website=Middle-earth Science Pages (Internet Archive)|accessed=31.7.2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| AZO |AZO='''AZOG'''</br><small>''d. {{TA|2799}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |!| |}}<br />
{{familytree| BOL |BOL=[[Bolg]]</br><small>''d. {{TA|2941}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Azog in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|lines=2<br />
|File:The Hobbit - The Battle of the Five Armies - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Films===<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
: Azog is played by [[Manu Bennett]] via motion-capture and CG (though he was originally intended to be played by [[Conan Stevens]] in a practical costume and makeup<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150257180211558|articlename=Casting News for The Hobbit|dated=19-May-2011|website=FB|accessed=21-Dec-2011}}).</ref>). He is a white-skinned Orc, known as the Pale Orc or Azog the Defiler. According to [[Balin]], he is from [[Gundabad]]. In the films, the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] appears in a flashback. [[Thrór]] is still alive at this time and is beheaded by Azog during the battle. [[Thorin]] fights with Azog and cuts off his left forearm, and the Pale Orc is dragged off by a few fellow [[Orcs]]. Thorin believes Azog to have died from his wounds, but, unlike in the book, he actually survived the battle and serves as Thorin's nemesis. The Pale Orc is also portrayed as a committed and trusted general of [[Sauron|the Necromancer]] - whereas in the source material his allegiance to the [[Dark Lord]] can only be assumed as a likelihood - and he is therefore tasked by his master first with hindering Oakenshield's quest and later with conquering the [[Erebor|Lonely Mountain]].<br />
<br />
: In the films, Azog speaks exclusively in [[Orkish]], whereas his literary counterpart was also known for using the [[Common Speech]]. He rides a gigantic [[Warg Matriarch|white warg]]. He also lacks the iron-clad head he featured in the books.<br />
<br />
'''2012: ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]'':'''<br />
: Azog leads a pack of Orcs on Wargs in hunting down [[Thorin and Company]] to wipe out the [[House of Durin|Line of Durin]] and to take his revenge on Thorin for his wound - even putting out a bounty on Thorin's head. In the film, it is his pack (not the Orcs of [[Goblin-town]]) that catch up to the Company on the other side of the [[Misty Mountains]]; after a brief fight with Thorin, he loses them when they are rescued by the [[Eagles]].<br />
<br />
'''2013: ''[[The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug]]'':'''<br />
: While still in pursuit of Thorin and Company as they come down from the [[Carrock]] and make their way to [[Beorn]]'s house, he is summoned to [[Dol Guldur]] by the Necromancer himself. Though annoyed that yet again he is unable to track down Oakenshield, Azog submits to his master and agrees to lead his armies to [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]], sending his son Bolg to pursue the Company in his stead. He later leads an unsuccessful attack on [[Gandalf]] when the [[Wizards|Wizard]] enters the fortress prior to the army's departure.<br />
<br />
'''2014: ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]'':'''<br />
: In this movie, Azog's appearance is changed, as he now wears plate armor, and he replaced his claw arm with one that looks similar to a sword. Azog is first seen marching on Erebor. When [[Bolg]] tells him of the [[Elves of Mirkwood|Elven]] Army, he orders him to Gundabad for more troops. From [[Ravenhill]], Azog commands the Orcs in the [[Battle of Five Armies]]. Thorin, [[Fíli]], [[Kíli]] and [[Dwalin]] go to kill Azog, in order to leave the Orcs leaderless. But Azog captures Fíli and kills him in front of Thorin. Azog finally battles Thorin on a frozen lake and is knocked underwater. However, he breaks through the ice and stabs Thorin, mortally wounding him. Despite this, the Dwarf leader manages to stab Azog through the chest with [[Orcrist]] - finally killing the Pale Orc - shortly before succumbing to his own wounds.<br />
<br />
===Games===<br />
'''2021: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
: Azog appears in an extended flashback depicting the beginning and the end of the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]. Azog's youngest son "Komog" is slain in the halls of [[Gundabad]], while his eldest son "Urro" is killed by [[Thorin]] during the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] in the same engagement that earns him the name "Oakenshield". [[Bolg]] survives as his only heir by escaping into [[Moria]] shortly before Azog is killed by Dáin.<br />
<br />
:In the present day, Azog's descendants continue to plague Durin's Folk. Bolg's son "Mazog", Lord of Moria, is the major antagonist of the ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria|Mines of Moria]]'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Siege of Mirkwood|Siege of Mirkwood]]'' expansions. Bolg's other son "Gorgar the Ruthless", Lord of Gundabad, is the chief antagonist of the ''War of Three Peaks'' expansion.<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
{{hobbitfilms}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Azog}}<br />
<br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| race=orc<br />
| house=<br />
| born=<br />
| died={{TA|2799}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
| prev=unknown<br />
| list=[[Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| dates=unknown - {{TA|2799}}<br />
| next=[[Bolg]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Black Speech words]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Hobbit]]<br />
[[Category:Orcs]]<br />
[[Category:Pronounced articles]]<br />
[[Category:Rulers in Middle-earth]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Azog]]<br />
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/orques/azog]]<br />
[[fi:Azog]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Azog&diff=384882Azog2024-01-19T07:52:20Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{orc infobox<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| image=[[File:Pascal Yung - Azog.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Azog" by [[:Category:Images by Pascal Yung|Pascal Yung]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=<br />
| titles=''the Goblin''<br />
| position=[[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| location=[[Moria]]</br>[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Orcs of the Misty Mountains]]<br />
| language=''Presumably'' [[Orkish]] and [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=<br />
| death={{TA|2799}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=Killing [[Thrór]], triggering the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=[[Bolg]]<br />
| race=<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Tall<ref name="App"/><br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
'''Azog''' was an [[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain of [[Moria]], who started the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] when he slew [[Thrór]]. He was himself slain by [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin II Ironfoot]] in the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]], and was succeeded by his son [[Bolg]].<ref>{{H|1}}</ref><ref>{{H|17}}</ref><ref name="App">{{App|A3}}</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Little is known of Azog's origins, but he was the chief of the [[Orcs]] of [[Moria]], and apparently the most important [[Orcs|Orc]] of the northern lands. The average lifespan of an Orc is unknown, but it is conceivable that he was one of those sent to [[Moria]] by [[Sauron]] in about {{TA|2480}}.{{fact}} He had one son, [[Bolg]], who succeeded him after his death.<br />
<br />
[[File:Steamey - Azog and Nár.jpg|thumb|left|200px|''Azog and Nár'' by [[:Category:Images by Steamey|Steamey]]]]<br />
<br />
Azog entered history in the year {{TA|2790}} due to King [[Thrór|Thrór's]] desire to revisit and perhaps refound the lost realm of [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]], in whose mighty ruins Azog dwelt. He entered the [[Great Gates]], but Azog and his orcs captured and slew him, and branded his hewn head with his own name, "AZOG". He flung the head at [[Nár]] who waited outside, then a money purse containing "few coins of little worth", warning that he would tolerate no future Dwarf beggars entering his domain at Moria.<br />
<br />
When news of this reached [[Thrór]]'s heir [[Thráin]], he was greatly angered, and mustered a force of [[Dwarves]] to seek revenge on Azog. So began the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]: the [[Dwarves]] hunted Azog, and many battles were fought beneath the earth. After nine years of war, the climactic [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] was fought before the gates of [[Moria]] itself.<br />
<br />
King [[Thráin|Thráin II]] and his son [[Thorin|Thorin]] were in that battle, near the end of which, Azog emerged from the inner gate with his guards, Náin was exhausted and half blind with rage. He tried to swing as hard as he could, but Azog darted aside and Náin missed, splintering his mattocks on the ground. The orc kicked him in the leg when he dodged the Dwarf's blow, making him stumble, at which point Azog attempted to thrust and behead him, succeeding only in breaking Náin's neck because of the strong mail he was wearing. At this point, Azog noticed his retreating forces and retreated back inside. As he did, Dain II chased him up the steps, beheading him Azog's head was impaled on a spike, with the same coin-filled purse stuffed in his mouth that he had flung at Nár after he killed Thrór nine years before.<br />
<br />
Azog's underground dominions in the north, though greatly reduced in the War, fell to his son [[Bolg]], who held them for almost 150 years until he too met his end at the [[Battle of Five Armies]] in {{TA|2941}}.<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Azog.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
The meaning and origin of the name ''Azog'' is unknown. It is most likely a name in the [[Black Speech]], though [[Mágol]] may also be a possibility.<ref>{{HM|RB}}, p. 787, note 38</ref><br />
<br />
[[Andreas Moehn]] has noted an apparent but tentative similarity with [[Mannish]], in the [[Adunaic]] word ''[[zagar]]'' meaning "sword", in which case ''Azog'' might refer to "warrior" or anything similar.<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Andreas Moehn]]|articleurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930151024/http:/lalaith.vpsurf.de/Tolkien/Atani.html|articlename=Etymologies of the Atani languages|dated=18 July 2002|website=Middle-earth Science Pages (Internet Archive)|accessed=31.7.2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| AZO |AZO='''AZOG'''</br><small>''d. {{TA|2799}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |!| |}}<br />
{{familytree| BOL |BOL=[[Bolg]]</br><small>''d. {{TA|2941}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Azog in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|lines=2<br />
|File:The Hobbit - The Battle of the Five Armies - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Films===<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
: Azog is played by [[Manu Bennett]] via motion-capture and CG (though he was originally intended to be played by [[Conan Stevens]] in a practical costume and makeup<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150257180211558|articlename=Casting News for The Hobbit|dated=19-May-2011|website=FB|accessed=21-Dec-2011}}).</ref>). He is a white-skinned Orc, known as the Pale Orc or Azog the Defiler. According to [[Balin]], he is from [[Gundabad]]. In the films, the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] appears in a flashback. [[Thrór]] is still alive at this time and is beheaded by Azog during the battle. [[Thorin]] fights with Azog and cuts off his left forearm, and the Pale Orc is dragged off by a few fellow [[Orcs]]. Thorin believes Azog to have died from his wounds, but, unlike in the book, he actually survived the battle and serves as Thorin's nemesis. The Pale Orc is also portrayed as a committed and trusted general of [[Sauron|the Necromancer]] - whereas in the source material his allegiance to the [[Dark Lord]] can only be assumed as a likelihood - and he is therefore tasked by his master first with hindering Oakenshield's quest and later with conquering the [[Erebor|Lonely Mountain]].<br />
<br />
: In the films, Azog speaks exclusively in [[Orkish]], whereas his literary counterpart was also known for using the [[Common Speech]]. He rides a gigantic [[Warg Matriarch|white warg]]. He also lacks the iron-clad head he featured in the books.<br />
<br />
'''2012: ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]'':'''<br />
: Azog leads a pack of Orcs on Wargs in hunting down [[Thorin and Company]] to wipe out the [[House of Durin|Line of Durin]] and to take his revenge on Thorin for his wound - even putting out a bounty on Thorin's head. In the film, it is his pack (not the Orcs of [[Goblin-town]]) that catch up to the Company on the other side of the [[Misty Mountains]]; after a brief fight with Thorin, he loses them when they are rescued by the [[Eagles]].<br />
<br />
'''2013: ''[[The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug]]'':'''<br />
: While still in pursuit of Thorin and Company as they come down from the [[Carrock]] and make their way to [[Beorn]]'s house, he is summoned to [[Dol Guldur]] by the Necromancer himself. Though annoyed that yet again he is unable to track down Oakenshield, Azog submits to his master and agrees to lead his armies to [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]], sending his son Bolg to pursue the Company in his stead. He later leads an unsuccessful attack on [[Gandalf]] when the [[Wizards|Wizard]] enters the fortress prior to the army's departure.<br />
<br />
'''2014: ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]'':'''<br />
: In this movie, Azog's appearance is changed, as he now wears plate armor, and he replaced his claw arm with one that looks similar to a sword. Azog is first seen marching on Erebor. When [[Bolg]] tells him of the [[Elves of Mirkwood|Elven]] Army, he orders him to Gundabad for more troops. From [[Ravenhill]], Azog commands the Orcs in the [[Battle of Five Armies]]. Thorin, [[Fíli]], [[Kíli]] and [[Dwalin]] go to kill Azog, in order to leave the Orcs leaderless. But Azog captures Fíli and kills him in front of Thorin. Azog finally battles Thorin on a frozen lake and is knocked underwater. However, he breaks through the ice and stabs Thorin, mortally wounding him. Despite this, the Dwarf leader manages to stab Azog through the chest with [[Orcrist]] - finally killing the Pale Orc - shortly before succumbing to his own wounds.<br />
<br />
===Games===<br />
'''2021: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
: Azog appears in an extended flashback depicting the beginning and the end of the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]. Azog's youngest son "Komog" is slain in the halls of [[Gundabad]], while his eldest son "Urro" is killed by [[Thorin]] during the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] in the same engagement that earns him the name "Oakenshield". [[Bolg]] survives as his only heir by escaping into [[Moria]] shortly before Azog is killed by Dáin.<br />
<br />
:In the present day, Azog's descendants continue to plague Durin's Folk. Bolg's son "Mazog", Lord of Moria, is the major antagonist of the ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria|Mines of Moria]]'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Siege of Mirkwood|Siege of Mirkwood]]'' expansions. Bolg's other son "Gorgar the Ruthless", Lord of Gundabad, is the chief antagonist of the ''War of Three Peaks'' expansion.<br />
<br />
{{references}}<br />
{{hobbitfilms}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Azog}}<br />
<br />
{{seq-start}}<br />
{{seq-head<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| race=orc<br />
| house=<br />
| born=<br />
| died={{TA|2799}}<br />
}}<br />
{{seq<br />
| prev=unknown<br />
| list=[[Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| dates=unknown - {{TA|2799}}<br />
| next=[[Bolg]]<br />
}}<br />
{{seq-end}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Black Speech words]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Hobbit]]<br />
[[Category:Orcs]]<br />
[[Category:Pronounced articles]]<br />
[[Category:Rulers in Middle-earth]]<br />
[[Category:Third Age characters]]<br />
[[de:Azog]]<br />
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/orques/azog]]<br />
[[fi:Azog]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Azog&diff=384871Azog2024-01-18T21:17:37Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{orc infobox<br />
| name=Azog<br />
| image=[[File:Pascal Yung - Azog.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Azog" by [[:Category:Images by Pascal Yung|Pascal Yung]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=<br />
| titles=''the Goblin''<br />
| position=[[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain<br />
| location=[[Moria]]</br>[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Orcs of the Misty Mountains]]<br />
| language=''Presumably'' [[Orkish]] and [[Westron]]<br />
| birth=Before {{TA|2790}}<br />
| birthlocation=<br />
| rule=<br />
| death={{TA|2799}}<br />
| deathlocation=[[Azanulbizar]]<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=Killing [[Thrór]], triggering the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]<br />
| parentage=<br />
| siblings=<br />
| spouse=<br />
| children=[[Bolg]]<br />
| race=<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Tall<ref name="Name"/><br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
'''Azog''' was an [[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain of [[Moria]], who started the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] when he slew [[Thrór]]. He was himself slain by [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin II Ironfoot]] in the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]], and was succeeded by his son [[Bolg]].<ref>{{H|1}}</ref><ref>{{H|17}}</ref><ref name="App">{{App|A3}}</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Little is known of Azog's origins, but he was the chief of the [[Orcs]] of [[Moria]], and apparently the most important [[Orcs|Orc]] of the northern lands. The average lifespan of an Orc is unknown, but it is conceivable that he was one of those sent to [[Moria]] by [[Sauron]] in about {{TA|2480}}.{{fact}} He had one son, [[Bolg]], who succeeded him after his death.<br />
<br />
[[File:Steamey - Azog and Nár.jpg|thumb|left|200px|''Azog and Nár'' by [[:Category:Images by Steamey|Steamey]]]]<br />
<br />
Azog entered history in the year {{TA|2790}} due to King [[Thrór|Thrór's]] desire to revisit and perhaps refound the lost realm of [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]], in whose mighty ruins Azog dwelt. He entered the [[Great Gates]], but Azog and his orcs captured and slew him, and branded his hewn head with his own name, "AZOG". He flung the head at [[Nár]] who waited outside, then a money purse containing "few coins of little worth", warning that he would tolerate no future Dwarf beggars entering his domain at Moria.<br />
<br />
When news of this reached [[Thrór]]'s heir [[Thráin]], he was greatly angered, and mustered a force of [[Dwarves]] to seek revenge on Azog. So began the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]: the [[Dwarves]] hunted Azog, and many battles were fought beneath the earth. After nine years of war, the climactic [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] was fought before the gates of [[Moria]] itself.<br />
<br />
King [[Thráin|Thráin II]] and his son [[Thorin|Thorin]] were in that battle, near the end of which, Azog emerged from the inner gate with his guards, Náin was exhausted and half blind with rage. He tried to swing as hard as he could, but Azog darted aside and Náin missed, splintering his mattocks on the ground. The orc kicked him in the leg when he dodged the Dwarf's blow, making him stumble, at which point Azog attempted to thrust and behead him, succeeding only in breaking Náin's neck because of the strong mail he was wearing. At this point, Azog noticed his retreating forces and retreated back inside. As he did, Dain II chased him up the steps, beheading him Azog's head was impaled on a spike, with the same coin-filled purse stuffed in his mouth that he had flung at Nár after he killed Thrór nine years before.<br />
<br />
Azog's underground dominions in the north, though greatly reduced in the War, fell to his son [[Bolg]], who held them for almost 150 years until he too met his end at the [[Battle of Five Armies]] in {{TA|2941}}.<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
{{Pronounce|Azog.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
The meaning and origin of the name ''Azog'' is unknown. It is most likely a name in the [[Black Speech]], though [[Mágol]] may also be a possibility.<ref>{{HM|RB}}, p. 787, note 38</ref><br />
<br />
[[Andreas Moehn]] has noted an apparent but tentative similarity with [[Mannish]], in the [[Adunaic]] word ''[[zagar]]'' meaning "sword", in which case ''Azog'' might refer to "warrior" or anything similar.<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Andreas Moehn]]|articleurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930151024/http:/lalaith.vpsurf.de/Tolkien/Atani.html|articlename=Etymologies of the Atani languages|dated=18 July 2002|website=Middle-earth Science Pages (Internet Archive)|accessed=31.7.2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Genealogy==<br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| AZO |AZO='''AZOG'''</br><small>''d. {{TA|2799}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |!| |}}<br />
{{familytree| BOL |BOL=[[Bolg]]</br><small>''d. {{TA|2941}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
<br />
==Portrayal in adaptations==<br />
{{Gallery<br />
|title=Azog in adaptations<br />
|height=150<br />
|width=250<br />
|lines=2<br />
|File:The Hobbit - The Battle of the Five Armies - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]''<br />
|File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Azog.jpg|Azog as portrayed in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Films===<br />
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''<br />
: Azog is played by [[Manu Bennett]] via motion-capture and CG (though he was originally intended to be played by [[Conan Stevens]] in a practical costume and makeup<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150257180211558|articlename=Casting News for The Hobbit|dated=19-May-2011|website=FB|accessed=21-Dec-2011}}).</ref>). He is a white-skinned Orc, known as the Pale Orc or Azog the Defiler. According to [[Balin]], he is from [[Gundabad]]. In the films, the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] appears in a flashback. [[Thrór]] is still alive at this time and is beheaded by Azog during the battle. [[Thorin]] fights with Azog and cuts off his left forearm, and the Pale Orc is dragged off by a few fellow [[Orcs]]. Thorin believes Azog to have died from his wounds, but, unlike in the book, he actually survived the battle and serves as Thorin's nemesis. The Pale Orc is also portrayed as a committed and trusted general of [[Sauron|the Necromancer]] - whereas in the source material his allegiance to the [[Dark Lord]] can only be assumed as a likelihood - and he is therefore tasked by his master first with hindering Oakenshield's quest and later with conquering the [[Erebor|Lonely Mountain]].<br />
<br />
: In the films, Azog speaks exclusively in [[Orkish]], whereas his literary counterpart was also known for using the [[Common Speech]]. He rides a gigantic [[Warg Matriarch|white warg]]. He also lacks the iron-clad head he featured in the books.<br />
<br />
'''2012: ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]'':'''<br />
: Azog leads a pack of Orcs on Wargs in hunting down [[Thorin and Company]] to wipe out the [[House of Durin|Line of Durin]] and to take his revenge on Thorin for his wound - even putting out a bounty on Thorin's head. In the film, it is his pack (not the Orcs of [[Goblin-town]]) that catch up to the Company on the other side of the [[Misty Mountains]]; after a brief fight with Thorin, he loses them when they are rescued by the [[Eagles]].<br />
<br />
'''2013: ''[[The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug]]'':'''<br />
: While still in pursuit of Thorin and Company as they come down from the [[Carrock]] and make their way to [[Beorn]]'s house, he is summoned to [[Dol Guldur]] by the Necromancer himself. Though annoyed that yet again he is unable to track down Oakenshield, Azog submits to his master and agrees to lead his armies to [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]], sending his son Bolg to pursue the Company in his stead. He later leads an unsuccessful attack on [[Gandalf]] when the [[Wizards|Wizard]] enters the fortress prior to the army's departure.<br />
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'''2014: ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]'':'''<br />
: In this movie, Azog's appearance is changed, as he now wears plate armor, and he replaced his claw arm with one that looks similar to a sword. Azog is first seen marching on Erebor. When [[Bolg]] tells him of the [[Elves of Mirkwood|Elven]] Army, he orders him to Gundabad for more troops. From [[Ravenhill]], Azog commands the Orcs in the [[Battle of Five Armies]]. Thorin, [[Fíli]], [[Kíli]] and [[Dwalin]] go to kill Azog, in order to leave the Orcs leaderless. But Azog captures Fíli and kills him in front of Thorin. Azog finally battles Thorin on a frozen lake and is knocked underwater. However, he breaks through the ice and stabs Thorin, mortally wounding him. Despite this, the Dwarf leader manages to stab Azog through the chest with [[Orcrist]] - finally killing the Pale Orc - shortly before succumbing to his own wounds.<br />
<br />
===Games===<br />
'''2021: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''<br />
: Azog appears in an extended flashback depicting the beginning and the end of the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]. Azog's youngest son "Komog" is slain in the halls of [[Gundabad]], while his eldest son "Urro" is killed by [[Thorin]] during the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] in the same engagement that earns him the name "Oakenshield". [[Bolg]] survives as his only heir by escaping into [[Moria]] shortly before Azog is killed by Dáin.<br />
<br />
:In the present day, Azog's descendants continue to plague Durin's Folk. Bolg's son "Mazog", Lord of Moria, is the major antagonist of the ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Mines of Moria|Mines of Moria]]'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online: Siege of Mirkwood|Siege of Mirkwood]]'' expansions. Bolg's other son "Gorgar the Ruthless", Lord of Gundabad, is the chief antagonist of the ''War of Three Peaks'' expansion.<br />
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{{references}}<br />
{{hobbitfilms}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Azog}}<br />
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{{seq-start}}<br />
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| name=Azog<br />
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[[Category:Black Speech words]]<br />
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[[fi:Azog]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Orcs_of_Isengard&diff=384870Orcs of Isengard2024-01-18T21:11:24Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
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<div>{{people infobox<br />
| name=Orcs of Isengard<br />
| image=[[File:John Howe - Orcs of the White Hand.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Orcs of the White Hand" by [[John Howe]]<br />
| pronun=<br />
| othernames=Isengarders<ref>{{TT|III3}}</ref><br />
| origin=A mix of Orcs bred by [[Saruman]] and of [[Orcs of the Mountains]] <br />
| location=[[Isengard]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Saruman]]<br />
| rivalry=[[Rohirrim]], [[Ents]]<br />
| language=[[Orcish]] dialects<br />
| members=[[Snaga (orc of Isengard)|Snaga]]<br />
| lifespan=<br />
| distinctions=<br />
| height=<br />
| hair=<br />
| skin=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
}}<br />
The '''Orcs of Isengard''' or '''Isengarders''' were the [[Orcs]] that had settled in the pits within the Ring of [[Isengard]], serving the fallen [[Wizards|Wizard]] [[Saruman]]. They made up the bulk of his manpower, as well as a significant part of the forces he sent to assail the neighboring kingdom of [[Rohan]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Saruman must have began to draw [[Orcs of the Misty Mountains]] at his service as mercenaries as early as {{TA|2990}}, and these troops were kept in the muddy pits tunneled beneath Isengard in preparation for Saruman's attack on Rohan.<ref>{{UT|Palantiri}}</ref> The fiercest and largest of those in the service of the [[White Hand]] were the perilous [[Uruk-hai]]. However, the wizard also experimented on the cross-breeding of Orcs with [[Men]] to improve Orkish stock, and thus [[Half-orcs]] and [[Goblin-men]] came into being, they were vile and cunning.<ref name="FRCouncil"/><br />
<br />
After renouncing the [[White Council]] and secretly becoming the duplicitous servant of [[Sauron|the Enemy]] in {{TA|3000}},<ref name="AppTA">{{App|TA}}</ref> Saruman began to harass the kingdom of Rohan by throwing in with its enemies. As the Shadow of Sauron extended, Orcs began to pillage the eastern villages of the [[Rohirrim]] and were joined by others from the Misty Mountains, some being in the service of Saruman such as great [[Uruk-hai|Uruks]].<ref name="AppTA"/><br />
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He continued to gather Orcs, among them [[Wolf-riders]], to Isengard by the time he held [[Gandalf]] captive in [[Orthanc]].<ref name="FRCouncil">{{FR|Council}}</ref><br />
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During the [[War of the Ring]], Saruman sent a large force of Orcs backed by [[Dunlendings]] and two battalions of [[Uruk-hai]] in {{TA|3019}} in the [[First Battle of the Fords of Isen]], with Prince [[Théodred]] being slain per his orders. This was done both to allow him and his master, Sauron, full control over Rohan as part of the latter's war on the West, but also to more easily allow Saruman himself to dispatch parties of Orcs on routes the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] was likely to take. Such a troop joined by [[Orcs of Mordor]] and "northerners" ambushed the company at [[Amon Hen]], mortally-wounding [[Boromir]] and capturing the halflings [[Meriadoc Brandybuck]] and [[Peregrin Took]]. Near the eaves of [[Fangorn Forest]] however, the Orcs were attacked by the Riders of Rohan led by [[Éomer]] and slain to the last.<ref>{{TT|Riders}}</ref><br />
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Saruman's host overwhelmed Rohirrim defenders in the [[Second Battle of the Fords of Isen]], allowing his army of ten thousand Orcs (mostly Uruk-hai) reinforced by Dunlending hordes to push through towards [[Helm's Deep]] where King [[Théoden]] had chosen to make his stand. Though initially gaining the upper hand due to superior numbers and the machinery they had, the [[Battle of the Hornburg]] ended with the crushing defeat of Saruman's forces. Bitter at the destruction the wizard had dealt to their forest, the [[Ents]] of [[Fangorn Forest|Fangorn]] set out towards Isengard, laying down the walls, crushing the Orcs and flooding the fortress. <br />
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{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Orcs]]<br />
[[Category:Servants of Saruman]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=File:ElfinFen_-_Finduilas.jpg&diff=384655File:ElfinFen - Finduilas.jpg2024-01-13T07:44:16Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: Ar-Zigûr uploaded a new version of File:ElfinFen - Finduilas.jpg</p>
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<div>==Licensing==<br />
{{Copyright-permission|ElfinFen|[https://elfinfen.tumblr.com/ ElfinFen on Tumblr]}}<br />
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[[Category:Images by ElfinFen]]<br />
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[[Category:Images of Finduilas]]</div>Ar-Zigûrhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Maglor&diff=384431Maglor2024-01-04T07:48:34Z<p>Ar-Zigûr: </p>
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<div>{{noldor infobox<br />
| name=Maglor<br />
| image=[[File:Elena Kukanova - Maglor.jpeg|250px]]<br />
| caption="Maglor" by [[Elena Kukanova]]<br />
| pronun=[[Sindarin|S]], {{IPA|[ˈmaɡlɔr]}}<br />
| othernames="[[Minstrels|the Minstrel]]"<br />''Kanafinwë'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Father-name|fn]]),<br/>''Makalaurë'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Amilessë|mn]])<br />
| titles=<br />
| position=<br />
| location=[[Eldamar]], [[Maglor's Gap]], [[Amon Ereb]]<br />
| affiliation=[[Oath of Fëanor]], [[Union of Maedhros]]<br />
| language=[[Quenya]] and [[Sindarin]]<br />
| birth=Between {{YT|1190}} and {{YT|1362|n}}<br />
| birthlocation=[[Tirion]]<br />
| rule=<br />
| death=<br />
| deathlocation=Fate unknown (possibly suicide<ref name="L131">{{L|131}}: "''The last two sons of Fëanor, compelled by their oath, steal ''[the Simarils]'', and are destroyed by them, casting themselves into the sea, and the pits of the earth.''"</ref>)<br />
| age=<br />
| notablefor=<br />
| house=[[House of Fëanor]]<br />
| parentage=[[Fëanor]] & [[Nerdanel]]<br />
| siblings=[[Maedhros]], [[Celegorm]], [[Caranthir]], [[Curufin]], [[Amrod]] and [[Amras]]<br />
| spouse=Unnamed wife<ref>{{PM|XNotes}}, p. 318, note 7</ref><br />
| children=Fostered [[Elrond]] and [[Elros]]<br />
| gender=Male<br />
| height=Tall<br />
| hair=Dark<br />
| eyes=<br />
| clothing=<br />
| weapons=<br />
| steed=<br />
}}<br />
{{Quote|Maglor was mighty among the singers of old, named only after [[Daeron]] of Doriath.|''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'', "[[Of the Voyage of Eärendil and the War of Wrath]]"}}<br />
<br />
'''Maglor''' was the second of the [[Sons of Fëanor]]. He was known for his [[Minstrels|poetry and singing]],<ref>{{S|Princes}}</ref> but in [[Tirion]] he swore the [[Oath of Fëanor]] and shared in the woes it bred.<ref name="Flight">{{S|Flight}}</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Maglor was present at the [[Kinslaying at Alqualondë]]. To what degree he participated in the slaughter is unknown, but later he composed the lament ''[[Noldolantë]]'', the Fall of the [[Noldor]], in memory of the terrible event.<ref name="Flight"/> Following [[Fëanor]] into exile, Maglor witnessed his father die after he had fought [[Gothmog (balrog)|Gothmog]].<ref>{{S|Return}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[File:Marya Filatova - The one who stays - 1.jpg|thumb|left|The wife of Maglor. Art by [[Marya Filatova]]|125px]]<br />
The sons of Fëanor settled in the eastern part of [[Beleriand]]. Maglor's ward was the opening in the hills between the two arms of the [[Gelion]] River, which acquired the name of '''[[Maglor's Gap]]'''. Due to the lack of hills, the Gap was a natural route for attacks from the north, and the Noldor kept a strength of cavalry in that region.<ref>{{S|Beleriand}}</ref><br />
<br />
Maglor's Gap was held for four and a half centuries. However, in the [[Dagor Bragollach]] the [[Dragons|dragon]] [[Glaurung]] invaded and laid waste to Maglor's land, forcing Maglor to flee to the fortress of his brother [[Maedhros]] on the hill of [[Himring]] to the west.<ref>{{S|Fingolfin}}</ref> Sixteen years later, he and Maedhros marched to the great battle that the [[Elves]] hoped would see their revenge upon [[Morgoth]], but they were defeated, partly by the treachery of [[Uldor the Accursed]]. Maglor himself slew Uldor, but all of the sons of Fëanor were wounded and they were forced to retreat to [[Mount Dolmed]]. The heavy loss led to the name of the battle thereafter: the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]] or the "Battle of Unnumbered Tears." Maglor and his brothers took to a wild woodland life in [[Ossiriand]].<ref>{{S|Fifth}}</ref><br />
<br />
Prior to the Nirnaeth Arnoediad, one of the three [[Silmarils]] had been recovered from [[Iron Crown|Morgoth's Crown]].<ref>{{S|Beren}}</ref> From his parents, [[Dior|Dior Eluchíl]] received the jewel and brought it to [[Doriath]]. True to their oath, the sons of Fëanor (led by [[Celegorm]]) demanded the Silmaril. When Dior refused to surrender it the brothers assaulted Thingol's ancient kingdom. [[Celegorm]], [[Caranthir]] and [[Curufin]] all fell, as did Dior and his wife, [[Nimloth of Doriath]]. But the four remaining brothers - Maglor, Maedhros, [[Amras]] and [[Amrod]] - did not recover the Silmaril, for [[Elwing]], the daughter of Dior and Nimloth, escaped.<ref>{{S|Doriath}}</ref><br />
[[File:Turner Mohan - Maglor's Fosterling.jpg|left|thumb|''Maglor's Fosterling'' by [[:Category:Images by Turner Mohan|Turner Mohan]]]]<br />
Eventually the three brothers heard tiding that [[Elwing]] possessed a Silmaril and dwelt at the [[Mouths of Sirion]]. Driven by their Oath, the remaining sons of Fëanor made a sudden attack upon the refugees of [[Gondolin]] and Doriath. However they were again thwarted, for Elwing escaped with the Silmaril across the [[Belegaer|Sea]] to her husband [[Eärendil]]. Together, they sailed into the [[Aman|West]] and their voyage would eventually cause the downfall of Morgoth. Meanwhile, [[Elrond]] and [[Elros]], Eärendil and Elwing's sons, captured in the battle, were adopted by Maglor, and it is said that love grew between them. It is also said that Maglor's heart grew sick with the Oath of Fëanor.<br />
[[Image:Ted Nasmith - Maglor Casts a Silmaril into the Sea.jpg|thumb|''Maglor Casts a Silmaril into the Sea'' by [[Ted Nasmith]]]]<br />
After Morgoth's fall, the last two Silmarils were recovered from his [[Iron Crown]]. By this time, only Maedhros and Maglor remained of Fëanor's sons. In weariness and loathing, they demanded the jewels from [[Eönwë]], the herald of [[Manwë]]. Eönwë refused them the Silmarils due to their many evil deeds. Still driven, the two brothers crept into the camp of Eönwë and stole the jewels. Though they were caught, Eönwë let them depart. Each brother took one jewel, but their evil deeds caused the holy Jewels to burn their hands. Maedhros in despair cast himself into a fiery fissure. Maglor, the last surviving son of Fëanor, threw his Silmaril into the Sea. Legend says that he still wanders the shores of the World, singing laments for his despair and regret.<ref>{{S|Earendil}}</ref> It is possible that some time later Maglor cast himself into the Sea, meeting his eventual doom.<ref name="L131"/><br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
''Maglor'' is not glossed in the mature [[Sindarin]], but being the [[Sindarized]] version of the [[Quenya]] name ''Makalaurë'',<ref name=Vinyar>{{VT|41b}}, p. 10</ref> it would mean "Forging Gold".<ref name=Feanor>{{PM|Feanor}}, pp. 352-353</ref> In a pure Sindarin rendition it would have been '''''Magalor'''''.<ref name=Vinyar></ref><br />
<br />
In the [[Noldorin]] phase of the name, it is interpreted as "Gold-cleaver", also coming from ''Makalaurë''.<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, "MAK-"</ref><br />
<br />
==Other names==<br />
His [[father-name]] was '''''Kanafinwë''''', a name which in [[Quenya]] means "Strong-voiced [[Finwë]]". The shorter form was '''''Káno'''''. It is derived from ''[[káno]]'', a noun which means "commander", added to the name of his grandfather.<ref name=Feanor></ref><br />
<br />
His [[Amilessë|mother-name]] was '''''Makalaurë'''''. Its meaning is unclear, but it is generally interpreted as "Forging Gold", being a prophetic reference to his skill in harping, whose sound was golden (here ''[[laurë]]'' being a poetic word and not referred to the metal).<ref name=Feanor></ref><br />
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== Genealogy ==<br />
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;"><br />
{{familytree/start}}<br />
{{familytree| MHT | | MIR |y| FIN |y| IND | | | | | | | | | | | | |MHT=[[Mahtan]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>| MIR=[[Míriel]]<br/><small>''d. {{YT|1170}}''</small>|FIN=[[Finwë]]<br/><small>''d. {{YT|1495}}''</small>|IND=[[Indis]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |!| | | | | |!| | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| NRD |~|y|~| FEA | | FDS | | FNG | | IRM | | FRF | | |NRD=[[Nerdanel]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FEA=[[Fëanor]]<br/><small>''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''</small>|FDS=[[Findis]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]<br/><small>''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''</small>|IRM=[[Írimë]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|FRF=[[Finarfin]]<br/><small>''b. {{YT|1230}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| |,|-|-|^|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| |}}<br />
{{familytree| MDH | | MAG | | CEL | | CAR | | CUR | | AMD | | AMR |MDH=[[Maedhros]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|587}}''</small>|MAG='''MAGLOR'''<br/><small>''b. {{YT}}''</small>|CEL=[[Celegorm]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|506}}''</small>|CAR=[[Caranthir]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|506}}''</small>|CUR=[[Curufin]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|506}}''</small>|AMD=[[Amrod]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|538}}''</small>|AMR=[[Amras]]<br/><small>''d. {{FA|538}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |}}<br />
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | CLB | | | | | | | | |CLB=[[Celebrimbor]]<br/><small>''d. {{SA|1697}}''</small>}}<br />
{{familytree/end}}<br />
</div><br />
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{{references}}<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]<br />
[[Category:First Age characters]]<br />
[[Category:Gnomish names]]<br />
[[Category:Minstrels]]<br />
[[Category:Noldor]]<br />
[[Category:Noldorin names]]<br />
[[Category:Rulers in Beleriand]]<br />
[[Category:Sindarin names]]<br />
[[Category:Sons of Fëanor]]<br />
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[[de:Maglor]]<br />
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/maglor]]<br />
[[fi:Maglor]]</div>Ar-Zigûr