https://tolkiengateway.net/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Thomas+Deniau&feedformat=atomTolkien Gateway - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T04:48:28ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.39.3https://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=F%C3%ABanor&diff=41940Fëanor2007-04-14T21:51:57Z<p>Thomas Deniau: +Source of the statement about Amras</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Royalty infobox<br />
| image= [[Image:Alan Michael - Spirit of Fire.jpg|300px]]<br />
| name= Fëanor<br />
| othernames= Curufinwë, Fëanáro<br />
| birth= [[Years of the Trees|YT]] 1179<br />
| rule= YT 1495<br />
| death= YT 1497<br />
| age= approx. 3,047 [[Years of the Sun]]<br />
| realms= None (claimed kingship of the Noldor, but left [[Tirion]] after taking power and died before founding a realm)<br />
| race= [[Elves]] ([[Noldor]])<br />
| gender= Male<br />
| height=<br />
| hair= Raven-dark<br />
| eyes=<br />
|}}<br />
[[Image:Feanor Heraldic Device.jpg|left|100px]]<br />
'''Fëanor''' was a prince of the [[Noldor]], one of the [[Elves|Elven]] kindreds that departed [[Middle-earth]] to live with the [[Valar]] in [[Valinor]]. He had the greatest skill of any of the Noldor; he was a renowned craftsman, gem-smith, and warrior. Fëanor made the [[Silmarils]], which was his most famous deed, and may also have wrought the [[palantíri]]. In addition, he invented the widely-used [[Tengwar]] script. Fëanor's passionate hatred of [[Morgoth]] and terrible [[Oath of Fëanor|oath]] led directly to the great triumphs and tragedies of the First Age.<br />
<br />
== Life in Valinor ==<br />
{{Pronounce|Feanor.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
Fëanor was the eldest son of [[Finwë]], the [[High King of the Noldor]], and his first wife [[Míriel Serindë|Míriel Þerindë]]. He drew so much of Míriel's life energy when he was born that she grew weary of life, and departed to [[Lórien in Valinor|Lórien]], where she voluntarily left her corporeal form, and died. Finwë remarried, and had two more sons, Fëanor's half-brothers [[Fingolfin]] and [[Finarfin]], and two daughters, [[Daughters of Finwë|Findis]] and [[Daughters of Finwë|Irimë]]. Fëanor wedded [[Nerdanel]], daughter of [[Mahtan]], who bore him [[Sons of Fëanor|seven sons]]: [[Maedhros]], [[Maglor]], [[Celegorm]], [[Caranthir]], [[Curufin]], [[Amrod]] and [[Amras]].<br />
<br />
At this time, [[Melkor]], the mightiest of the Valar and source of evil, had deceived the Valar into thinking that he had repented of his evil ways. Pardoned and residing in Valinor, he undertook to corrupt the Noldor and succeeded in making them instruments of his malice, particularly Fëanor. But Fëanor greatly mistrusted Melkor, which was part of Melkor's plan.<br />
<br />
In the greatest of his achievements, Fëanor captured the light of the [[Two Trees]] to make the three Silmarils, also called the Great Jewels. He prized the Silmarils above all else, and grew increasingly suspicious that the Valar and other Eldar coveted them. He either vainly displayed the jewels or jealously guarded them from all except his immediate family.<br />
<br />
[[Image:Paula_DiSante_-_See_half_brother.JPG|thumb|300px|''See, Half-Brother!'' by [[Paula DiSante]]]]<br />
Melkor greatly desired the Silmarils and his hatred for Fëanor grew, but the Valar still did not know of Melkor's true intentions. Melkor played upon Fëanor's temperament and pride to convince him that his own half-brother Fingolfin was not only planning to usurp his place as heir to Finwë, but also seize the jewels for himself. Fëanor's hostility grew to the point to where he threatened Fingolfin's life. (It was at this time that the Noldor first began to forge weapons.) For this, the Valar exiled him to Formenos. He took a substantial treasure with him, including the Silmarils, which he put in a locked box. In a show of support for his eldest son, Finwë withdrew to Formenos. <br />
<br />
The Valar realized that Melkor was behind Fëanor's actions. They sent [[Tulkas]] to imprison him again, but he could not be found. Melkor was not seen for a long time, until he unexpectedly showed up at Formenos. Since with Finwë and Fëanor's absence Fingolfin had become king, it seemed that Melkor's lies were true. Melkor tried again to convince Fëanor of them, but he erred, and Fëanor realized that Melkor's true goal was to obtain the Silmarils. He shut the door in Melkor's face. In a rage, Melkor left. When the Valar heard of the incident, they started the hunt up again. But it was apparent that Melkor had fled from Valinor. He feigned to go north, but then turned south.<br />
<br />
After a time the Valar sought to mend the breach between Fëanor and Fingolfin, and invited them to Valinor to make peace. Fingolfin offered a hand to his half-brother, recognizing Fëanor's place as the eldest, which he grudgingly accepted.<br />
<br />
Meanwhile, Melkor stole away to [[Avathar]] in the south of Aman to seek out the evil, spider-like creature [[Ungoliant]]. Ungoliant helped Morgoth destroy the Two Trees, bringing darkness to Valinor. Morgoth and Ungoliant then went to Formenos, slew Finwë, and took all the gems there, including the Silmarils. They escaped by crossing the [[Helcaraxë]], or Grinding Ice, in the north to [[Beleriand]] in Middle-earth.<br />
<br />
It was during the festivities where Fëanor and Fingolfin were being reconciled that the Trees were destroyed. The Valar knew that now the light of the Trees survived only in the Silmarils and [[Yavanna]] asked Fëanor to give them up so that they could restore the Trees. Fëanor emphatically stated that he would not give up his Silmarils of his own free will; if the Valar forced him, he said, they would be no better than Melkor. It was after this that the messenger came telling of the raid at Formenos.<br />
<br />
According to the messenger, Melkor, surrounded by an impenetrable black fog, had come to Fëanor's vault in Formenos. Finwë the High King fought and lost against Melkor, and was the first elf to be slain in Valinor. Melkor ransacked the vault, taking many valuable jewels. Most notably, he was responsible for the thievery of the Silmarils.<br />
<br />
== The Return of the Noldor ==<br />
The Valar and Eldar now fully understood the extent of Melkor's treachery. Fëanor, upon learning of his father's murder and the theft of his prized Silmarils, named Melkor "Morgoth", or "Black Enemy". Now King of the Noldor, Fëanor delivered the most impassioned speech ever given in Arda, which he unwittingly filled with Morgoth's taint. He railed against the Dark Lord, but because of Morgoth's influence, he also blamed the Valar for Morgoth's deeds. He persuaded most his people that because the Valar had abandoned them, the Noldor must follow him to Middle-earth and fight the Dark Lord. Fëanor then swore the terrible [[Oath of Fëanor]] which all seven of his sons also proclaimed, vowing to fight anyone and everyone—whether Elf, Man, Maia, or Vala—who withheld the Silmarils, and invoking even [[Ilúvatar]] as a witness. This became known as the Oath of Fëanor and later the cause for great tragedy among his seven sons.<br />
<br />
Seeking a way to get to Middle-earth, he went to the shores of Aman, where the seafaring [[Teleri]] lived, and demanded the use of their ships. The Teleri refused, and in response, Fëanor and his armed and impassioned Noldor attacked the lightly-armed Teleri, destroyed their settlements and seized the ships. <br />
<br />
[[Image:Catherine Karina Chmiel - Feanor.jpg|thumb|300px|left|''Fëanor'' by [[Catherine Karina Chmiel]]]]<br />
In repentance of this act, Finarfin, Finwë's third son, took his host and turned back. They were accepted by the Valar, and Finarfin ruled as High-King of the Noldor in Valinor. <br />
<br />
There were not enough ships to carry all of the Noldor across the sea, so Fëanor and his sons led the first group. Upon arriving at Losgar, in the land of Lammoth, in the far west of Beleriand, where Morgoth and Ungoliant had passed not long before, they decided to burn the ships and leave the followers of Fingolfin behind. However, Fëanor accidentally left his son Amras in the ships, and he was burned alive{{ref|nameSons}}. The earth being flat in those days, the remaining Noldor saw the flames, and perceived that if they were to go to Middle-earth, they had no choice but to cross the Helcaraxë. This they did under the leadership of Fingolfin, and suffered great losses along the way, which greatly added to the animosity they had for Fëanor and his sons.<br />
<br />
Learning of the Noldor's arrival, Morgoth summoned his armies from his fortress of [[Angband]] and attacked Fëanor's encampment in [[Mithrim]]. This battle was called the [[Dagor-nuin-Giliath]] ("Battle under the Stars"), for the Sun and Moon had not yet been made. The Noldor managed to win the battle and disperse Morgoth's armies. Fëanor, still in a great rage, pressed on toward Angband with his sons. He came even within sight of Angband, but was ambushed by a force of [[Balrogs]], with few elves about him. He fought mightily, hewing even after receiving several wounds from [[Gothmog, Lord of Balrogs]]. His sons came upon the balrogs with great force of elves, and were able to drive them off. However, as Fëanor was being escorted off the battlefield, he knew his wounds were fatal. He cursed Angband thrice, but with the eyes of death, he knew that his elves, unaided, would never throw down the dark towers. At the moment of his death the passing of his fiery spirit reduced his body to ashes.<br />
<br />
His sons were still bound by the Oath to recover the Silmarils, which would determine the events of Middle-earth during the First Age.<br />
<br />
== Etymology ==<br />
Fëanor's [[father-name]] was '''Curufinwë''' ("Skillful [son of] Finwë"). He later gave his favorite son [[Curufin]] the same father-name. His [[mother-name]] was '''Fëanáro''' ("Spirit of Fire"). The name Fëanor is the [[Sindarin]] version of his mother-name.<br />
<br />
== Genealogy ==<br />
<code><br />
[[Finwë]] = [[Míriel Serindë|Míriel]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
'''FËANOR''' = [[Nerdanel]]<br />
|<br />
---------------|-------------------------------------------<br />
| | | | | | |<br />
| | | | | | |<br />
[[Maedhros]] [[Maglor]] [[Celegorm]] [[Caranthir]] [[Curufin]] [[Amrod]] [[Amras]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
[[Celebrimbor]]<br />
</code><br />
{{sequence<br />
|prev=[[Finwë]]<br />
|next=[[Fingolfin]]<br />
|list=2nd [[High King of the Noldor]] (''de jure'') <br>YT 1495 – 1497<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Bibliography ==<br />
<br />
{{note|nameSons}} [[The Peoples of Middle-earth]], chapter XI ([[The Shibboleth of Fëanor]]), section "The names of the Sons of Fëanor"<br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
* [[:Category:Images of Fëanor|Images of Fëanor]]<br />
<br />
== External Links ==<br />
* [http://www.minastirith.com/cgi-bin/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=2;t=000635 What do you think of Fëanor?] - Dicussion on MinasTirith.com<br />
<br />
[[Category:High Elves]]<br />
[[Category:Noldor]]<br />
[[Category:House of Finwë]]<br />
[[Category:Characters]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Sauron&diff=41915Sauron2007-04-14T13:10:20Z<p>Thomas Deniau: /* Other Versions of the Legendarium */ fix red link</p>
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<div>{{royalty infobox<br />
| image=[[Image:Dominic Norris - Sauron.jpg|250px]]<br />
| name= Sauron<br />
| othernames= [[Thû]], [[Annatar]], Lord of the Earth, King of Men, [[Lord of the Ring]], [[Necromancer]], Sauron the Deceiver, Nameless Enemy<br />
| birth=<br />
| rule=<br />
| death= III 3019<br />
| realms= [[Mordor]]<br />
| gender= Male<br />
| race= [[Maiar]]<br />
| height=<br />
| hair=<br />
| eyes=<br />
|}}<br />
<br />
'''Sauron''' was the Lieutenant of [[Morgoth]], who after his fall became his own Dark Lord, his most famous role and the time of his passing recounted in ''[[Lord of the Rings]]''.<br />
<br />
His name is pronounced "sour-on" (''sour'' as in not sweet), or in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPA IPA] as: {{IPA|/'s&#593;&#650;&#635;&#594;n/}}.<br />
<br />
== First Age ==<br />
In the earliest of days, before the [[Valar]] entered [[Arda]], Sauron was in origin an "angelic" spirit called a [[Maiar|Maia]] in Tolkien's invented mythology. He was at first the chief servant of [[Aulë]], the Smith, one of the Valar, or ruling powers of the world. However, Sauron was soon perverted by the Dark Lord Melkor (later known as [[Morgoth]], an evil Vala), and Sauron himself turned to evil. Ever after, Sauron served Morgoth faithfully, and even in later days, after Morgoth was defeated and locked outside the confines of the world, Sauron encouraged and coerced [[Men]] to worship Morgoth as God. However, while Morgoth wanted to either control or destroy the very matter of [[Arda]] itself, Sauron's desire was to dominate the minds and wills of its creatures. It was in this that Sauron was wiser than Morgoth.<br />
<br />
[[Image:Ted Nasmith - Huan Subdues Sauron.jpg|thumb|left|''Huan Subdues Sauron'', by [[Ted Nasmith]]]]<br />
During the [[First Age]], the [[Noldor]]in [[Elves]] left the [[Blessed Realm]] of [[Valinor]] in the [[West|Utter West]] (against the counsel of the Valar) in order to wage war on Morgoth, who had stolen the precious [[Silmarils]]. In that war, Sauron served as Morgoth's chief lieutenant, surpassing all others in rank. Known as '''''Gorthaur the Cruel''''', Sauron at that time was a master of illusions and changes of form, and [[Werewolves]] were his servants, chief among them [[Draugluin]], Sire of Werewolves, and [[Thuringwethil]], his vampire herald. When Morgoth left [[Angband]] to corrupt the newly awakened [[Men]], Sauron directed the War against the [[Elves]]. He conquered the Elvish isle of [[Tol Sirion]], so that it became known as ''Tol-in-Gaurhoth'', the Isle of Werewolves.<br />
<br />
Ten years later, [[Finrod Felagund]], the king of [[Nargothrond]] and former lord of [[Tol Sirion]], died protecting [[Beren Erchamion|Beren]] in captivity there; soon afterwards, [[Lúthien]] and [[Huan]] the Wolfhound defeated Sauron in that place and rescued Beren from the dungeons. After his resounding defeat by Lúthien, Sauron played little part in the events of the First Age (possibly hiding from Morgoth), and after his master was defeated and cast out by the Valar, Sauron repented (apparently) and pled for mercy. But he was unwilling to return to the Utter West for judgement, and so he fled and hid.<br />
<br />
== Second Age ==<br />
[[Image:Annatar.jpg|thumb|left|''Annatar'' as envisioned by [[Weta]] from [[Peter Jackson's The Lord of the Rings]]]]<br />
After lying hidden and dormant for about one thousand years, Sauron put on a fair visage in the [[Second Age]]. Calling himself '''''Annatar''''', the Lord of Gifts, he befriended the Elvish smiths of [[Eregion]], and counseled them in arts and magic. Not all the Elves trusted him, particularly Lady [[Galadriel]] and [[Gil-galad]], High King of the Ñoldor, but a few listened to them. The Elves forged [[Rings of Power]], but in secret Sauron forged the [[One Ring]] in [[Mount Doom]] to rule the other rings, investing most of his own power into the Ring as he forged it.<br />
<br />
In this time Sauron became known as the [[Dark Lord]] of [[Mordor]]. He raised [[Barad-dûr]], the Dark Tower, near Mount Doom; constructed the [[Black Gate]] of Mordor to prevent invasion; corrupted nine mortal Men with Rings of Power and turned them into the [[Nazgûl]] (Ringwraiths), his chief servants; and raised massive armies of [[Orcs]], [[Trolls]], and Men, chiefly [[Easterlings]] and [[Southrons]]. Because of this, towards the end of the Second Age, Sauron assumed the titles of '''Lord of the Earth''' and '''King of Men'''.<br />
<br />
[[Image:Ted Nasmith - The Forging of the One.jpg|thumb|''The Forging of the One'', by [[Ted Nasmith]]]]<br />
This offended the Númenóreans, the powerful Men descended from the line of Beren and Lúthien, who lived on the island of Númenor in the sea between Middle-earth and Valinor. The proud Númenóreans came to Middle-earth with great force of arms, and Sauron's forces fled. Realizing he could not defeat the Numenoreans with military strength, Sauron allowed himself to be taken as a hostage to Númenor by King [[Ar-Pharazôn]]. There, he quickly grew from captive to advisor; he converted many Númenóreans to the worship of Morgoth, and raised a great temple in which he performed human sacrifices. Finally, he convinced the king to rebel against the Valar and attack Valinor itself. [[Eru]], the supreme god, then directly intervened: Númenor was drowned under the sea, and the great navy of Númenor was destroyed. Sauron was diminished in the flood of Númenor, and fled back to Mordor, where he slowly rebuilt his strength during the time known as the [[Dark Years]].<br />
<br />
From this point on he was unable to assume a fair shape, and ruled now through terror and force. A few faithful Númenóreans were saved from the flood, and they founded [[Gondor]] and [[Arnor]] in Middle-earth. These faithful Men, led by [[Elendil]] and his sons, allied with the Elven-king, Gil-galad, and together fought Sauron and, after a long war, defeated him, although both Elendil and Gil-galad were killed. [[Isildur]], son of Elendil, cut the One Ring from Sauron's finger and claimed it. Later, the Ring betrayed him and was lost for more than two thousand years.<br />
<br />
== Third Age ==<br />
In the [[Third Age]], Sauron rose yet again, at first in a stronghold called [[Dol Guldur]], the Hill of Sorcery, in southern [[Mirkwood]]. There he was known as the '''''[[Necromancer]]''''', and the Elves did not recognize him at first. [[Gandalf]] the [[Wizards|Wizard]] stole into Dol Guldur and discovered the truth; eventually the [[White Council]] of Wizards and Elves put forth their might and drove Sauron out. But the White Council was led by [[Saruman]], who wanted the Ring for himself, and Sauron simply moved back to Mordor and raised Barad-dûr again. He fortified Mordor and prepared for war against Gondor and the Elves, with Saruman now his servant.<br />
<br />
Sauron bred immense armies of Orcs and allies with which enslaved Men from the east and south. He adopted the symbol of a lidless eye, and he was able at that time to send out his will over Middle-earth, so that the [[Eye of Sauron]] was a symbol of power and fear.<br />
<br />
After torturing [[Gollum]], a former Ringbearer, he learned that the One Ring had been found by [[Bilbo Baggins]] [[The Hobbit]]. He sent his agents to the [[Shire]], Bilbo's home, only to find that both Bilbo and his nephew, [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo]], had gone. Unbeknownst to Sauron, Frodo had, at the behest of Gandalf, joined the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] on a quest to destroy the Ring forever by casting it into the fires of Mount Doom, in the heart of Mordor. He rallied his vast armies to conquer the resistance's strongholds, and sent the Ringwraiths to find and kill Frodo. At about this time, he also learned that [[Aragorn II|Aragorn]], Isildur's heir, had also joined the Fellowship, and was rallying armies to defeat his.<br />
<br />
[[Image:Ted Nasmith - The Shadow of Sauron.jpg|thumb|220px|left|''The Shadow of Sauron'', by [[Ted Nasmith]]]]<br />
When Saruman's army is defeated at [[Isengard]], Aragorn uses the Palantir of Orthanc to reveal himself to Sauron. Sauron jumps to the conclusion that Aragorn has the ring and sends an army commanded by his strongest servant, The Witch-King of Angmar, to overthrow [[Minas Tirith in Gondor|Minas Tirith]] in what would become known as the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]].<br />
<br />
Although Sauron loses the Battle of Pelennor Fields, the free forces of the west are greatly weakened, and Sauron still has sufficent armies in reserve to ensure military victory. He is outwitted, however, by the strategy of Gandalf, who urges the captains of the free peoples to march against Sauron, thus diverting the Dark Lord's eye from the real threat of Frodo, the Ring Bearer, who is nearing the end of his quest to destroy the One Ring. <br />
<br />
Frodo, however, fails at the last moment, unable to resist the power of the Ring at the place of its birth. But Gollum inadvertently saves him by recovering the Ring in a desperate attempt to possess it and then falling with it into the fire. Thus Sauron's power is unmade, and his corporeal power in Middle-earth comes to an end. His spirit towers above Mordor like a black cloud, but is blown away by a powerful wind from the [[Aman|West]], and Sauron is now permanently crippled, never to rise again. ([[Saruman]] soon suffers a lesser version of this fate.)<br />
<br />
== Names and Titles ==<br />
''Sauron'' (originally '''''Thauron''''') is [[Quenya]], and can be translated as ''the Abhorred'' or ''the Abomination''; in [[Sindarin]] he is called ''Gorthaur'' the [[Necromancer]], ''the Abhorred Dread''. He is also called the '''Nameless Enemy''', which is hardly accurate (but perhaps an effort to lessen his psychological impact), whereas Morgoth is the Dark Enemy. The Dúnedain call him '''Sauron the Deceiver''' due to his role in the downfall of Númenor and the Forging of the Rings of Power. His two most common titles, the Dark Lord of Mordor and the ''Lord of the Rings'', appear only a few times in the books. His other titles were similar to Morgoth's.<br />
<br />
== Other Versions of the Legendarium ==<br />
Prior to the publication of ''The Silmarillion'' Sauron's origins and true identity were unclear to those without full access to Tolkien's notes. In early editions of the ''[[The Complete Guide to Middle-earth|Guide to Middle Earth]]'', Sauron is described as "probably of the Eldar elves."<br />
<br />
Since the earliest versions of the ''Silmarillion'' legendarium as detailed in [[the History of Middle-earth]] series, Sauron has undergone many changes. The prototype of this character was '''[[Tevildo]]''', lord of the cats, who played the role later taken by Sauron in the earliest version of the story of [[Beren Erchamion|Beren]] and [[Lúthien]] in ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]'', the '''[[Tale of Tinúviel]]'''. Tevildo later (but still in the ''Book of Lost Tales'' period) was transformed into '''[[Thû]]''', the Necromancer. The name was then changed to '''Gorthû''', '''Sûr''', and finally to Sauron. ''Gorthû'', in the form ''Gorthaur'' remained in ''The Silmarillion''.<br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
* '''[[:Category:Images of Sauron|Images of Sauron]]'''<br />
* [[Akallabêth]]<br />
* [[Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age]]<br />
* [[The Dark Lord Sauron polystone statue]]<br />
<br />
{{maiar}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Maiar]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Songs_for_the_Philologists&diff=41914Songs for the Philologists2007-04-14T13:07:06Z<p>Thomas Deniau: fix red link</p>
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<div>'''Songs for the Philologists''' is a collection of poems by [[E.V. Gordon]] and [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] as well as traditional songs. It is the rarest and most difficult to find Tolkien related book. Originally a collection of typescripts compiled by Gordon in [[1921]]–[[1926]] for the students of [[Leeds University]], it was given by A. H. Smith of University College London, a former student at Leeds, to a group of students to be printed privately in 1935 or 1936, and printed in [[1936]] with the impressuum "Printed by G. Tillotson, A.H. Smith, B. Pattison and other members of the English Department, University College, London."<br />
<br />
Since Smith had not asked permission of either Gordon or Tolkien, the printed booklets were not distributed. Most copies were destroyed in a fire, and only a few, perhaps around 14, survived.<br />
<br />
Of the 30 songs in the collection, 13 were contributed by Tolkien:<br />
<br />
#''[[From One to Five]]'', to the tune of ''Three Wise Men of Gotham''.<br />
#''[[Syx Mynet]]'' ([[Old English]]), to the tune of ''I Love Sixpence''.<br />
#''[[Ruddoc Hana]]'' (Old English), to the tune of ''Who Killed Cock Robin'''.<br />
#''[[Ides Ælfscýne]]'' (Old English), to the tune of ''Daddy Neptune''. Reprinted, together with a Modern English translation ('Elf-fair Lady') in [[The Road to Middle-earth]].<br />
#''[[Bagmē Blomā]]'' (Gothic language), to the tune of ''Lazy Sheep'' (by Mantle Childe, after an old French air). Reprinted, together with a Modern English translation ('Flower of the Trees') in The Road to Middle-earth.<br />
#''[[Éadig Béo þu!]]''. (Old English), to the tune of ''Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star''. Reprinted, together with a Modern English translation ('Good Luck to You') in The Road to Middle-earth.<br />
#''[[Ofer Wídne Gársecg]]'' (Old English), to the tune of ''The Mermaid''. Reprinted, together with a Modern English translation ('Across the Broad Ocean') in The Road to Middle-earth.<br />
#''[[La Húru]]'', to the tune of ''O’Reilly''.<br />
#''[[I Sat upon a Bench]]'', to the tune of ''The Carrion Crow''.<br />
#''[[Natura Apis: Morali Ricardi Eremite]]'', also to the tune of ''O’Reilly''.<br />
#''[[The Root of the Boot]]'', to the tune of ''The Fox Went Out''. Reprinted in Anderson’s ''Annotated Hobbit'', and in a revised form in ''[[The History of The Lord of the Rings|The Return of the Shadow]]''. Also reprinted in ''The Tolkien Papers: Mankato Studies in English''. Later revised and printed in ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' and ''[[The Adventures of Tom Bombadil]]'' as 'The Stone Troll'.<br />
#''[[Frenchmen Froth]]'', to the tune of ''The Vicar of Bray''.<br />
#''[[Lit' and Lang]]' '', to the tune of ''Polly Put the Kettle On''.<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Poems by J.R.R. Tolkien]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Books]]<br />
[[Category:Poems]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Twins&diff=41913Twins2007-04-14T13:04:43Z<p>Thomas Deniau: fix red link</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Twins''' seem to be a common occurance in [[Arda]]. It is mainly noticed among [[Elves]] and [[Half-elven|Half-elves]], but some have been recorded among [[Men]] and [[Dwarves]]. It is interesting to note that many of these twins are ancestors of, or siblings are ancestors of, [[Elladan]] and [[Elrohir]], who were themselves twins.<br />
<br />
<br />
== Elven and Half-elven Twins ==<br />
As has been said before, twins seem to be common among [[Elves]] unlike the human standard of one in sixty. Elven twins:<br />
<br />
*[[Amrod]] and [[Amras]]<br />
*[[Elured]] and [[Elurin]]<br />
*[[Elrond]] and [[Elros]]<br />
*[[Elrohir]] and [[Elladan]]<br />
<br />
<br />
== Mannish Twins ==<br />
*[[Haleth]] and [[Haldar]]<br />
<br />
== Dwarvish Twins ==<br />
*[[Fili]] and [[Kili]]<br />
<br />
== Genetics ==<br />
Twins run through the female's genes. That means if the father had ancestors that were twins, but the female doesn't, the chances of having twins is very slim. However, if their daughter has children her father's genes affect her chance of having twins.<br />
<br />
This means that [[Amras]] and [[Amrod]]'s twin genes came from their mother, not [[Feanor]].</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=I%C3%BAmonna_Gold_Galdre_Bewunden&diff=41912Iúmonna Gold Galdre Bewunden2007-04-14T12:58:29Z<p>Thomas Deniau: sp</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Iúmonna Gold Galdre Bewunden''' is a poem by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] first published in January 1923 within The Gryphon magazine, Vol. 3, No. 3, pg. 345. The poem is reprinted in [[Douglas A. Anderson]]'s [[The Annotated Hobbit]] and it was also published in a revised form in the Oxford Magazine in March 1937 as well as within [[The Adventures of Tom Bombadil]] in 1916 as [[The Hoard]]. Both the 1923 and 1937 versions were then published in [[Beowulf and the Critics]] in 2002 along with two other intermediate versions.<br />
<br />
==1923 version==<br />
<poem><br />
There were elves olden and strong spells<br />
<br />
Under green hills in hollow dells<br />
<br />
They sang o’er the gold they wrought with<br />
<br />
mirth,<br />
<br />
In the deeps of time in the young earth,<br />
<br />
Ere Hell was digged, ere the dragons’ brood<br />
<br />
Or the dwarves were spawned in dungeons<br />
<br />
rude;<br />
<br />
And men there were in a few lands<br />
<br />
That caught some cunning of their mouths<br />
<br />
and hands.<br />
<br />
Yet their doom came and their songs failed.<br />
<br />
And greed that made them not to its holes<br />
<br />
haled<br />
<br />
Their gems and gold and their loveliness,<br />
<br />
And the shadows fell on Elfinesse.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
There was an old dwarf in a deep grot<br />
<br />
That counted the gold things he had got.<br />
<br />
That the dwarves had stolen from men and<br />
<br />
elves<br />
<br />
And kept in the dark to their gloomy selves.<br />
<br />
His eyes grew dim and his ears dull.<br />
<br />
And the skin was yellow on his old skull ;<br />
<br />
There ran unseen through his bony claw<br />
<br />
The faint glimmer of gems without a flaw.<br />
<br />
He heard not feet that shook the earth.<br />
<br />
Nor the rush of wings, not the brazen mirth<br />
<br />
Of dragons young in their fiery lust:<br />
<br />
His hope was in gold and in jewels his trust.<br />
<br />
Yet a dragon found his dark cold hole,<br />
<br />
And he lost the earth and the things he stole.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
There was an old dragon under an old stone<br />
<br />
Blinking with red eyes all alone.<br />
<br />
The flames of his fiery heart burnt dim;<br />
<br />
His was knobbed and wrinkled and bent of<br />
<br />
limb;<br />
<br />
His joy was dead and his cruel youth.<br />
<br />
But his lust still smouldered and he had no<br />
<br />
ruth.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
To the slime of his belly the gems stuck thick<br />
<br />
And his things of gold he would snuff and lick<br />
<br />
As he lay thereon and dreamed of the woe<br />
<br />
And grinding anguish thieves should know<br />
<br />
That ever set finger on one small ring;<br />
<br />
And dreaming uneasy he stirred a wing.<br />
<br />
He heard not the step nor the harness clink<br />
<br />
Till the fearless warrior at his cavern’s brink<br />
<br />
Called him come out and fight for his gold.<br />
<br />
Yet iron rent his heart with anguish cold.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
There was an old king on a high throne :<br />
<br />
His white beard was laid on his knees of bone,<br />
<br />
And his mouth savoured nor meat nor drink,<br />
<br />
Nor his ears song, he could only think<br />
<br />
Of his huge chest with carven lid<br />
<br />
Where the gold and jewels unseen lay hid<br />
<br />
In a secret treasury in the dark ground,<br />
<br />
Whose mighty doors were iron-bound.<br />
<br />
The swords of his warriors did dull and rust,<br />
<br />
His glory was tarnished and his rule unjust,<br />
<br />
His halls hollow and his bowers cold,<br />
<br />
But he was king of elfin gold.<br />
<br />
He heard not the horns in the mountain pass.<br />
<br />
He smelt not the blood on the trodden grass.<br />
<br />
Yet his halls were burned and his kingdom<br />
<br />
lost,<br />
<br />
In a grave unhonoured his bones were tossed.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
There is an old hoard in a dark rock<br />
<br />
Forgotten behind doors none can unlock.<br />
<br />
The keys are lost and the path gone.<br />
<br />
The mound unheeded that the grass grows on :<br />
<br />
The sheep crop it and the larks rise<br />
<br />
From its green mantle, and no man’s eyes<br />
<br />
Shall find its secret, till those return<br />
<br />
Who wrought the treasure, till again burn<br />
<br />
The lights of Faery, and the woods shake,<br />
<br />
And songs long silent once more awake.<br />
</poem><br />
<br />
<br />
==1937 version==<br />
<poem><br />
When the moon was new and the sun young<br />
of silver and gold the gods sung:<br />
in the green grass they silver spilled;<br />
and the white waters they with gold filled.<br />
Ere the pit was dug or Hell yawned,<br />
ere dwarf was bred or dragon spawned,<br />
there were elves of old, and strong spells<br />
under green hills in hollow dells<br />
they sang as they wrought many fair things,<br />
the bright crowns of the Elf-kings.<br />
But their doom fell, and their song waned,<br />
by iron hewn and by steel chained.<br />
Greed that sang not, nor with mouth smiled,<br />
in dark holes their wealth piled,<br />
graven silver and carven gold:<br />
over Elvenhome the shadow rolled.<br />
<br />
There was an old dwarf in a dark cave,<br />
to silver and gold his fingers clave;<br />
with hammer and tongs and anvil-stone<br />
he worked his hands to the hard bone,<br />
and coins he made, and strings of rings,<br />
and thought to buy the power of kings.<br />
But his eyes grew dim and his ears dull,<br />
and the skin yellow on his old skull;<br />
through his bony claw with a pale sheen<br />
the stony jewels slipped unseen.<br />
No feet he heard, though the earth quaked,<br />
when the young dragon his thirst slaked,<br />
and the stream smoked at his dark door;<br />
the flames hissed on the dank floor.<br />
He died alone in the red fire,<br />
and his bones were ash in the hot mire.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
There was an old dragon under grey stone;<br />
his red eyes blinked as he lay alone.<br />
His joy was dead and his youth spent,<br />
he was knobbed and wrinkled, and his limbs bent<br />
with the long years to his gold chained;<br />
in his heart's furnace the lire waned.<br />
To his belly's slime gems stuck thick,<br />
silver and gold he would snuff and lick:<br />
he knew the place of the least ring<br />
beneath the shadow of his black wing.<br />
Of thieves he thought on his hard bed<br />
<br />
and dreamed that on their flesh he fed.<br />
<br />
their bones crushed, and their blood drank;<br />
<br />
his cars drooped and his breath sank.<br />
<br />
Mail-rings rang. He heard them not.<br />
<br />
A voice echoed in his deep grot:<br />
<br />
a young warrior with a bright sword<br />
<br />
called him forth to defend his hoard.<br />
<br />
His teeth were knives, and of horn his hide,<br />
<br />
but iron lore him, and his flame died.<br />
<br />
There was an old king on a high throne:<br />
his white beard lay on knees of bone;<br />
his mouth savoured neither meat nor drink,<br />
nor his ears song; he could only think<br />
of his huge chest with carven lid<br />
where pale gems and gold lay hid,<br />
in secret treasury in the dark ground<br />
whose strong doors were iron-bound.<br />
The swords of his thanes were dull with rust,<br />
his glory fallen, his rule unjust,<br />
his halls hollow, and his bowers cold,<br />
but king he was of elvish gold.<br />
He heard not the horns in the mountain-pass,<br />
he smelt not the blood on the trodden grass,<br />
but his halls were burned, his kingdom lost;<br />
in a cold pit his bones were tossed.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
There is an old hoard in a dark rock,<br />
forgotten behind doors none can unlock;<br />
<br />
that grim gate no man can pass.<br />
On the mound grows the green grass;<br />
there sheep feed and the larks soar,<br />
and the wind blows from the sea-shore.<br />
While gods wait and the elves sleep,<br />
its old secret shall the earth keep.<br />
</poem><br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Poems by J.R.R. Tolkien]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Poems]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_Dragon%27s_Visit&diff=41911The Dragon's Visit2007-04-14T12:58:14Z<p>Thomas Deniau: sp</p>
<hr />
<div>'''The Dragon's Visit''' is a humorous poem written by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] which was first published on February 4th, 1937 within [[The Oxford Magazine]], Vol. 55. No. 11. It was reprinted in [[David A. Anderson]]'s [[The Annotated Hobbit]] in 1988 and a revised form can be found in Winter's Tales for Children I (1965).<br />
<br />
==The Poem==<br />
<poem><br />
The dragon lay on the cherry trees<br />
a-simmering and a-dreaming,<br />
Green was he, and the blosson white,<br />
and the yellow sun gleaming.<br />
He came from the land of Finis-Terre,<br />
from over the Blue Mountains,<br />
Where dragons live, and the moon shines,<br />
on high white fountains.<br />
<br />
"Please Mister Higgins, do you know<br />
What's a-laying in your garden?<br />
There a dragon in your cherry trees!"<br />
"Eh, what? I beg your pardon?"<br />
Mister Higgins fetched the garden hose,<br />
and the dragon awoke from dreaming;<br />
He blinked, and cocked his long green ears<br />
when he felt the water streaming.<br />
<br />
"How cool!" he said, "delightfully cool<br />
are Mister Higgins' fountains!<br />
I'll sit and sing till the moon comes,<br />
as they sing beyond the mountains;<br />
And Higgins, and his neighbors, Box,<br />
Miss Biggins and old Tupper,<br />
Will be enchanted by my voice:<br />
they will enjoy their supper!"<br />
<br />
Mister Higgins sent for the fire brigade<br />
with a long red ladder.<br />
And men with golden helmets on.<br />
The dragon's heart grew sadder:<br />
"It reminds me of the bad old days<br />
when warriors unfeeling<br />
Used to hunt dragons in their dens,<br />
their bright gold stealing.<br />
<br />
Captain George, he up the ladder came,<br />
The dragon said: "Good people,<br />
Why all this fuss? Please go away!<br />
Or your church-steeple<br />
I shall throw down, and blast your trees,<br />
and kill and eat for supper<br />
You, Cap'n George, and Higgins, Box,<br />
and Biggins and old Tupper."<br />
<br />
"Turn on the hose!" said Captain George,<br />
and down the ladder tumbled.<br />
The dragon's eyes from green went red,<br />
and his belly rumbled.<br />
He steamed, he smoked, he threshed his tail,<br />
and down the blossom fluttered;<br />
Like snow upon the lawn it lay,<br />
and the dragon growled and muttered.<br />
<br />
They poked with poles from underneath<br />
(where he was rather tender):<br />
The dragon gave a dreadful cry<br />
and rose like thunder.<br />
He smashed the town to smithereens,<br />
and over the Bay of Bimble<br />
Sailors could see the burning red<br />
from Bumpus Head to Trimble.<br />
<br />
Mister Higgins was tough, and as for Box<br />
just like his name he tasted.<br />
The dragon munching his supper said:<br />
"So all my trouble's wasted!"<br />
And he buried Tupper, and Captain George,<br />
and what was left of old Mrs. Higgins,<br />
On a cliff above the long white shore;<br />
and he sang a dirge for Higgins.<br />
<br />
A sad song, while the moon rose,<br />
with the sea below sighing<br />
On the grey rocks of Bimble Bay,<br />
and the red blaze dying.<br />
Far over the sea he saw the peaks<br />
round his own land ranging;<br />
And he mused on the folk of Bimble Bay<br />
and the old order changing:<br />
<br />
"None of them now have the wit to admire<br />
a dragon's song or colour,<br />
Now the nere with steel to meet his fire -<br />
the world is getting duller!"<br />
He spread his wings to depart;<br />
but just as he was rising<br />
Miss Biggins stabbed him to the heart,<br />
and that he found surprising.<br />
<br />
"I regret this very much," she said.<br />
"You're a very splendid creature,<br />
And your voice is quite remarkable<br />
for one who has no teacher;<br />
But wanton damage I will not have,<br />
I really had to end it."<br />
The dragon sighed before he died:<br />
"At least she called me splendid."<br />
</poem><br />
<br />
[[Category:Poems]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Spiders&diff=41910Spiders2007-04-14T12:57:58Z<p>Thomas Deniau: sp</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Ted Nasmith - The Spiders of Mirkwood.jpg|thumb|250px|''The Spiders of Mirkwood'' by [[Ted Nasmith]].]]<br />
These small eight-legged creatures, known for capturing their prey in intricate webs, were evidently as common in [[Middle-earth]] as they are today. Characters in [[The Lord of the Rings]] often refer to them descriptively, whether it be [[Gandalf]] discussing his capture by [[Saruman]], [[Sam]] climbing ropes across the [[Silverlode]], or [[Gollum]] clambering down a rock wall.<br />
<br />
There was a more sinister side to the spiders of Middle-earth, though, that entered it with the monstrous [[Ungoliant]] in the years before the [[First Age]]. A gigantic creature of spider-shape, it was she who destroyed the [[Two Trees]] of [[Valinor]], and escaped with [[Melkor]] into the lands of Middle-earth. Though Ungoliant herself disappeared into the far south, she left the northern lands infested with her offspring. During the First Age, the mountains of the [[Ered Gorgoroth]] were infested with these monsters, and became a place of dread.<br />
<br />
The most famous of Ungoliant's children, though, lived far to the south and east of the Ered Gorgoroth, on the borders of the land of [[Mordor]]. This was [[Shelob]], who haunted a network of tunnels watching the pass of [[Cirith Ungol]], eking a living on the hapless [[Orcs]] of [[Sauron]]. She had offspring of her own, too, smaller than she but with a cruel intelligence, that spread throughout the [[Ephel Dúath]] and north into [[Mirkwood]]. It was creatures like these that [[Bilbo]] encountered in [[The Hobbit]], and through fighting them that his sword acquired its name [[Sting]].<br />
<br />
==Inspiration==<br />
* A common myth is that Tolkien was bitten by a spider when he was young and this fueled his hatred for the species in his works, this is proven inaccurate through the below quotes:<br />
{{quote|...when Ronald [Tolkien] was beginning to walk, he stumbled on a tarantula. It bit him, and he ran in terror across the garden until the nurse snatched him up and sucked out the poison. When he grew up he could remember a hot day and running in fear through long, dead grass, '''but the memory of the tarantula itself faded, and he said that the incident left him with no especial dislike of spiders.'''|[[J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography]]}}<br />
<br />
{{quote|I knew that the way [for Frodo, Sam, and Gollum] was guarded by a Spider. And if that has anything to do with my being stung by a tarantula when a small child, people are welcome to the notion (supposing the improbable, that any one is interested). I can only say that I remember nothing about it, should not know it if I had not been told; and '''I do not dislike spiders panicularly, and have no urge to kill them.''' I usually rescue those whom I find in the bath!|[[Letter 163]]}}<br />
<br />
* Regarding the spiders in [[The Hobbit]]:<br />
{{quote|I put in the spiders largely because this was, you remember, primarily written for my children (at least I had them in mind), and one of my sons [Michael] in particular dislikes spiders with a great intensity. I did it to thoroughly frighten him and it did!|From an interview of [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] on January 15, 1957 by Ruth Harshaw for the "Carnival of Books" radio show. (According to [[The Annotated Hobbit]])}}<br />
<br />
{{quote|Throughout his life, Tolkien’s son Michael had what he called “a deep-rooted abhorrence of spiders.”|[[The Annotated Hobbit]]}}<br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
* [[:Category:Images of Spiders|Images of Spiders]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Creatures]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Smith_of_Wootton_Major&diff=41909Smith of Wootton Major2007-04-14T12:52:46Z<p>Thomas Deniau: book template, book cover, info about the Flieger edition</p>
<hr />
<div>{{book|<br />
title=Smith of Wootton Major|<br />
image=[[Image:Smith of Wootton Major (edited by Verlyn Flieger).jpg|225px]]|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Verlyn Flieger]]|<br />
isbn=0007202474|<br />
publisher= [[HarperCollins]]|<br />
date=September 5, 2005|<br />
format=Hardcover|<br />
pages= 160|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/Smith-Wootton-Major-J-R-R-Tolkien/dp/0007202474|<br />
amazonprice=$22.37<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Smith of Wootton Major''''', first published in 1967, is a short story by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]. <br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
The book grew out of an attempt to explain the meaning of Faery by means of a brief story about a cook and his cake. This would have been part of a preface by Tolkien to George MacDonald's famous faerie story The Golden Key. But the story grew from there and became a tale in its own right.<br />
<br />
The book was originally called "'''The Great Cake'''", but the title was changed to "'''Smith of Wootton Major'''" in an attempt to suggest an early work by P.G. Wodehouse.<br />
<br />
The story was first published in the Christmas edition of ''Redbook'' magazine, New York on # 23 November 1967 but without the illustrations by [[Pauline Baynes]] that appeared in the published book.<br />
<br />
It is not definitely connected to the [[Middle-earth]] legendarium. Both ''Faery'' and [[Valinor]] are lands outside of the normal world, but Valinor cannot normally be visited by mortals. There are lesser elven kingdoms that humans can visit and return: [[Faramir]] mentions visitors to [[Lorien]].<br />
<br />
It is sometimes published in an omnibus edition with "[[Farmer Giles of Ham]]", another Tolkien novella with illustrations by [[Pauline Baynes]]. The two stories are not obviously linked, though an ingenious person could devise a common framework.<br />
<br />
== The story == <br />
<br />
The village of Wootton Major is well-known around the countryside for its annual festivals, which are particularly famous for their culinary delights. The biggest festival of them all is the Feast of Good Children. This festival is celebrated only once every twenty-four years, and the celebrations take the form of a party to which twenty-four children of the village are invited. The highpoint of the party is the Great Cake, which is remarkable for its hidden magical ingredients. Whoever swallows one of these is given the rare gift of an entry into the Land of Faery.<br />
<br />
This year the magic star hidden inside the Great Cake was eaten by a blacksmith’s son. The boy did not feel any of its magical properties at once but on the morning of his tenth birthday the star fixed itself on his forehead and marked him as one intimate with the Faeryfolk. This boy grew up to be a blacksmith like his father, but in his free time he roamed into the Land of Faery. The star on his forehead protected him from the evils threatening mortals in that land, and the Folk called him Starbrow and told him about their land and its hidden beauties and dangers. <br />
<br />
The years passed and it was now time for another Feast of Good Children. Smith had had his precious gift for most of his life now and the time had come for it to be passed on to some other child. So he gave up the star, and the mysterious new Master Cook baked it into the festive cake once more.<br />
<br />
Funny, frightening and always fascinating, the book is in part dominated by the character of the earlier Master Cook, a shallow, sly and lazy man called Nokes. He is the foremost among the non-believers, and dismisses all things magical as mere dreams and fancies. In the end it is he who meets the King of Faery and who is told off by him for his greed and indolence.<br />
<br />
== Genealogy ==<br />
There is a surprising amount of genealogical information in the story.<br />
<br />
<code><br />
Master Cook Rider<br />
|<br />
Smith = <:> __________________<br />
| | |<br />
Smith Smithson = Nell <:> = Master Cook Nokes<br />
__________________________|________ |<br />
| | |<br />
Tom = Nan Ned Smithson Nokes of Townsend<br />
| |<br />
Tomling Tim of Townsend<br />
<br />
<br />
== The Critical Edition ==<br />
<br />
The most recent edition of [[Smith of Wootton Major]] is a critical edition prepared by [[Verlyn Flieger]] and published in 2005.<br />
<br />
It includes much material that was hitherto unpublished, including fac-similes of manuscripts and typescripts of previous versions, new essays (especially one dealing with the background of the story and the nature of [[Faëry]]) and notes by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]], a list of characters, a chronology, ...<br />
<br />
[[Category:Writings]]<br />
[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=File:Smith_of_Wootton_Major_(edited_by_Verlyn_Flieger).jpg&diff=41908File:Smith of Wootton Major (edited by Verlyn Flieger).jpg2007-04-14T12:13:47Z<p>Thomas Deniau: +cat</p>
<hr />
<div>Cover of the first edition of the critical edition of Smith of Wootton Major, by Verlyn Flieger.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Images of books]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=File:Smith_of_Wootton_Major_(edited_by_Verlyn_Flieger).jpg&diff=41907File:Smith of Wootton Major (edited by Verlyn Flieger).jpg2007-04-14T12:13:15Z<p>Thomas Deniau: Cover of the first edition of the critical edition of Smith of Wootton Major, by Verlyn Flieger.</p>
<hr />
<div>Cover of the first edition of the critical edition of Smith of Wootton Major, by Verlyn Flieger.</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Tales_from_the_Perilous_Realm&diff=41905Tales from the Perilous Realm2007-04-14T09:40:06Z<p>Thomas Deniau: summary</p>
<hr />
<div>{{stub}}<br />
<br />
{{book|<br />
title=Tales from the Perilous Realm|<br />
image=[[Image:Tales from the Perilous Realm.jpg|225px]]|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]]|<br />
isbn=0261103423|<br />
publisher=[[HarperCollins]]|<br />
date=1997|<br />
format=Hardback in dustwrapper|<br />
pages= 178|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/Tales-Perilous-Realm-J-Tolkien/dp/0261103423/|<br />
amazonprice=Out of stock<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Tales from the Perilous Realm''', first published in 1997, is a compilation of several short stories and poems by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]], which had been previously published separately or in other compilations :<br />
<br />
* [[Farmer Giles of Ham]] ;<br />
* [[Leaf by Niggle]] ;<br />
* [[The Adventures of Tom Bombadil]] ;<br />
* [[Smith of Wootton Major]].<br />
<br />
[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Tales_from_the_Perilous_Realm&diff=41904Tales from the Perilous Realm2007-04-14T09:39:54Z<p>Thomas Deniau: summary</p>
<hr />
<div>{{stub}}<br />
<br />
{{book|<br />
title=Tales from the Perilous Realm|<br />
image=[[Image:Tales from the Perilous Realm.jpg|225px]]|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]]|<br />
isbn=0261103423|<br />
publisher=[[HarperCollins]]|<br />
date=1997|<br />
format=Hardback in dustwrapper|<br />
pages= 178|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/Tales-Perilous-Realm-J-Tolkien/dp/0261103423/|<br />
amazonprice=Out of stock<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Tales from the Perilous Realm''', first published in 1997, is a compilation of serveral short stories and poems by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]], which had been previously published separately or in other compilations :<br />
<br />
* [[Farmer Giles of Ham]] ;<br />
* [[Leaf by Niggle]] ;<br />
* [[The Adventures of Tom Bombadil]] ;<br />
* [[Smith of Wootton Major]].<br />
<br />
[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Seven_Dwarf-rings&diff=41901Seven Dwarf-rings2007-04-14T08:32:09Z<p>Thomas Deniau: minor reworking</p>
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<div>{{merge|Seven Rings}}<br />
[[Image:Noble Collection - Dwarven Ring of Power.jpg|thumb|A Dwarf-ring as conceived by [[The Noble Collection]]]]<br />
The '''Seven Dwarf-rings''' were the [[Rings of Power]] given to seven [[Dwarf]] Lords by [[Sauron]] in the guise of [[Annatar]]. The most famous was the [[Ring of Thrór]], the Ring of Power given to [[Durin III]] king of [[Durin's folk]]. The Dwarf Lords proved resistant to the malevolent magic of the rings, which could not even turn them invisible. The rings did, however, make them exceedingly rich, but greedy as well. <br />
<br />
Angered by his failure, Sauron tried to gather the rings back to him. He succeed in finding two, while four others were swallowed or destroyed by [[Dragons]]. The third ring Sauron obtained was taken from [[Thráin II]] in [[TA]] 2845 while he was imprisoned by Sauron in the dungeons of [[Dol Guldur]]. Gandalf arrived too late and only got the key and the map to the secret entrance of the [[Lonely Mountain]] from Thráin.<br />
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[[Category: Rings and Jewels]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=File:Charles_Burggraf_-_We_will_get_it_back.jpg&diff=41899File:Charles Burggraf - We will get it back.jpg2007-04-14T08:25:57Z<p>Thomas Deniau: correct cat</p>
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<div>[[Category:Images by Charles Burggraf]]<br />
[[Category:Images of Thorin II]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=File:Peter_Xavier_Price_-_Turin_Turambar_finds_Nienor.jpg&diff=41898File:Peter Xavier Price - Turin Turambar finds Nienor.jpg2007-04-14T08:24:30Z<p>Thomas Deniau: correct cat</p>
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<div>{{pprice}}<br />
[[Category:Images of Túrin Turambar]]<br />
[[Category:Images of Nienor]]<br />
[[Category:Images by Peter Xavier Price]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=File:Natalia_Nikitin_-_Miriel.jpg&diff=41897File:Natalia Nikitin - Miriel.jpg2007-04-14T08:23:43Z<p>Thomas Deniau: correct cat</p>
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<div>[[Category:Images by Natalia Nikitin]]<br />
[[Category:Images of Míriel Serindë]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_New_Shadow&diff=41887The New Shadow2007-04-13T20:50:40Z<p>Thomas Deniau: +cat</p>
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<div>'''''The New Shadow''''' was an incomplete sequel (approximately 13 pages) to ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' that [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] quickly abandoned. It is set in the time of [[Eldarion]], [[Aragorn II|Aragorn]]'s son, approximately 105 years after the Fall of the [[Barad-dûr|Dark Tower]]. In it is mentioned the [[Dark Tree]], and two characters: [[Saelon]] and [[Borlas]]. Tolkien commented this on it:<br />
{{quote|I did begin a story placed about 100 years after the Downfall, but it proved both sinister and depressing. Since we are dealing with ''[[Men]]'' it is inevitable that we should be concerned with the most regrettable feature of their nature: their quick satiety with good. So that the people of [[Gondor]] in times of peace, justice and prosperity, would become discontented and restless — while the dynasts descended from [[Aragorn II|Aragorn]] would become just kings and governers — like [[Denethor II|Denethor]] or worse. I found that even so early there was an outcrop of revolutionary plots, about a centre of secret Satanistic religion; while Gondorian boys were playing at being [[Orcs]] and going around doing damage. I could have written a 'thirller' about the plot and its discovery and overthrow — but it would have been just that. Not worth doing.|''[[The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien]]'', n°256)}}<br />
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[[Christopher Tolkien]] published this text in the twelth volume of his [[The History of Middle-earth|History of Middle-earth]], entitled ''[[The Peoples of Middle-earth]]''.<br />
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== External Links ==<br />
* [http://www.btinternet.com/~fountain/tolkien/ Scanned text of the chapter]<br />
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[[Category:Writings|New Shadow]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_Peoples_of_Middle-earth&diff=41886The Peoples of Middle-earth2007-04-13T20:49:51Z<p>Thomas Deniau: wikif + book template</p>
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<div>{{book|<br />
title=The Peoples of Middle-earth|<br />
image=[[Image:The Peoples of Middle-earth.jpg|225px]]|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]]|<br />
isbn=0395827604|<br />
publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin]]|<br />
date=December 1996|<br />
format=Hardcover|<br />
pages= 496|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/Peoples-Middle-Earth-History-Vol-12/dp/0395827604|<br />
amazonprice=$19.80<br />
}}<br />
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When [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] laid aside ''[[The Silmarillion]]'' in 1937 the extension of the original 'mythology' into later Ages of the world had scarcely begun. It was in the [[Appendices]] to ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' that there emerged a comprehensive historical structure and chronology of the Second and [[Third Age]]s, embracing all the diverse strands that came together in the [[War of the Ring]]. The difficulty that he found in providing these Appendices, leading to delay in the publication of ''[[The Return of the King]]'', is well known; but in '''''The Peoples of Middle-earth''''' [[Christopher Tolkien]] shows that early forms of these works already existed years before, in essays and records differing greatly from the published forms. He traces the evolution of the Calendars, the [[Hobbit]] genealogies, the [[Westron]] language or [[Common Speech]] (from which many words and names are recorded that were afterwards lost), and the chronological structure of the later Ages. Other writings by J.R.R. Tolkien are included in this final volume of ''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'', chiefly deriving from his last years, when new insights and new constructions still freely arose as he pondered the history that he had created. The book concludes with two soon-abandoned stories, both unique in the setting of time and place: ''[[The New Shadow]]'' in [[Gondor]] of the [[Fourth Age]], and the tale of ''[[Tal-elmar]]'', in which the coming of the dreaded [[Númenórean]] ships is seen through the eyes of men of [[Middle-earth]] in the [[Dark Years]].<br />
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<br />
==Chapters==<br />
# The Prologue<br />
# The Appendix on Languages<br />
# The Family Trees<br />
# The Calendars<br />
# The History of the Akallabeth<br />
# The Tale of Years of the Second Age<br />
# The Heirs of Elendil<br />
# The Tale of Years of the Third Age<br />
# The Making of Appendix A <br />
# Of Dwarves and Men<br />
# [[The Shibboleth of Feanor]]<br />
# The Problem of Ros<br />
# Last Writings <br />
# Dangweth Pengolod<br />
# Of Lembas <br />
# The New Shadow<br />
# Tal-Elmar<br />
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[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien|Peoples of Middle-earth]]<br />
[[Category:Books by Christopher Tolkien|Peoples of Middle-earth]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_War_of_the_Jewels&diff=41885The War of the Jewels2007-04-13T20:47:17Z<p>Thomas Deniau: book template</p>
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<div>{{book|<br />
title=The War of the Jewels|<br />
image=[[Image:The War of the Jewels.jpg|225px]]|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]]|<br />
isbn=0395710413|<br />
publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin]]|<br />
date=December 6, 1994|<br />
format=Hardcover|<br />
pages= 488|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/War-Jewels-Silmarillion-History-Middle-Earth/dp/0395710413|<br />
amazonprice=$19.80<br />
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'''''The War of the Jewels''''' is the 11th volume of [[Christopher Tolkien|Christopher Tolkien's]] series ''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'', analysing the unpublished manuscripts of his father [[J.R.R. Tolkien]].<br />
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It is the second volume—''[[Morgoth's Ring]]'' being the first—to explore the later 1951 ''[[Silmarillion]]'' drafts (those written after the completion of ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''.)<br />
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This volume includes:<br />
* The second part of the 1951 ''Silmarillion'' drafts<br />
* An expanded account of "[[The Grey Annals]]" — the history of [[Beleriand]] after the coming of the [[Elves]].<br />
* Additional narratives involving [[Húrin Thalion|Húrin]] and the tragedy of his children (see [[Narn i Chîn Húrin]]). "The Wanderings of Húrin" is the conclusion to the "''Narn''". This was not included in the final ''Silmarillion'' because Christopher Tolkien feared that the heavy compression which would have been necessary to make it a stylistic match with the rest of the book would have been too difficult and would have made the story overly complex and difficult to read.<br />
* Christopher Tolkien's explanation of how he, with the collaboration of fantasy author [[Guy Gavriel Kay]], constructed Chapter 22 of ''The Silmarillion'', since none of the texts left by Tolkien for this purpose were up-to-date enough to serve the purpose. In particular, the old texts all have [[Thingol]] portrayed as a miserly swindler who cheats the [[Dwarves]] out of their payment, and the portrayal of the [[Girdle of Melian]] in the older stories is much weaker than the impenetrable barrier of the post-''Lord of the Rings'' writings.<br />
* "[[Quendi and Eldar]]" which discusses in greater detail the [[Awakening of the Elves|origin of the Elves]] and their [[Sundering of the Elves|sunderings]].<br />
* Tolkien's exploration of the origins of the [[Ents]] and the great [[Eagles]]<br />
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[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien|War of the Jewels]]<br />
[[Category:Books by Christopher Tolkien|War of the Jewels]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Morgoth%27s_Ring&diff=41884Morgoth's Ring2007-04-13T20:45:21Z<p>Thomas Deniau: book template</p>
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<div>{{book|<br />
title=Morgoth's Ring|<br />
image=[[Image:Morgoth's Ring (hardcover).jpg|225px]]|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]]|<br />
isbn=0395680921|<br />
publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin]]|<br />
date=December 14, 1993|<br />
format=Hardcover|<br />
pages= 488|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/Morgoths-Ring-Silmarillion-History-Middle-Earth/dp/0395680921|<br />
amazonprice=$19.80<br />
}}<br />
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[[Image:Morgoth's Ring (softcover).jpg|thumb|100px|left|''Morgoth's Ring'' (softcover)]]<br />
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'''Morgoth's Ring: The Later Silmarillion, Part One''', is the first of two volumes on the later development of ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', and volume 10 of the ''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'', edited by [[Christopher Tolkien]].<br />
{{quote|This book indeed is all about Morgoth. Incomparably greater than the power of Sauron, concentrated in the One Ring, Morgoth's power (Tolkien wrote) was dispersed into the very matter of Arda: 'The whole of Middle-earth was Morgoth's Ring.'|From the jacket cover}}<br />
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The book explores the time after the publication of ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' when [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] returned to "the Matter of the Elder Days." The text of the ''[[Annals of Aman]]'', the "Blessed Land" in the far [[West]], is given in full; while in writings hitherto unknown is seen the nature of the problems that Tolkien explored in his later years, as new and radical ideas, portending upheaval in the old narratives, emerged at the heart of the mythology, and as the destinies of [[Men]] and [[Elves]], mortals and immortals, became of central significance, together with a vastly enlarged perception of the evil of [[Melkor]], the Shadow upon [[Arda]]. The second part of this history of the later ''Silmarillion'' is concerned with developments in the legends of [[Beleriand]] after the completion of ''The Lord of the Rings''.<br />
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=== Sections ===<br />
# [[Ainulindalë]] II<br />
# The ''[[Annals of Aman]]''<br />
# The Later ''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]''<br />
# ''[[Athrabeth Finrod ah Andreth]]''<br />
# [[Myths Transformed]]<br />
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[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien]]<br />
[[Category:Books by Christopher Tolkien]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Sauron_Defeated&diff=41883Sauron Defeated2007-04-13T20:43:03Z<p>Thomas Deniau: book template</p>
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<div>{{book|<br />
title=Sauron Defeated|<br />
image=[[Image:Sauron Defeated.jpg|225px]]|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]]|<br />
isbn=0395606497|<br />
publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin]]|<br />
date=October 27, 1992|<br />
format=Hardcover|<br />
pages= 496|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/Sauron-Defeated-History-Rings-Middle-Earth/dp/0395606497|<br />
amazonprice=$19.80<br />
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In the first section of Sauron Defeated [[Christopher Tolkien]] completes his fascinating study of [[The Lord of the Rings]]. Beginning with Sam's rescue of Frodo from the Tower of Cirith Ungol, and giving a very different account of the Scouring of the Shire, this section ends with versions of the hitherto unpublished Epilogue, in which, years after the departure of Bilbo and Frodo from the Grey Havens, Sam attempts to answer his children's questions. The second section is an edition of The Notion Club Papers, now published for the first time. These mysterious papers discovered in the early years of the twentieth-first century, report the discussions of an Oxford club in the years 1986-7, in which, after a number of topics, the centre of interest turns to the legends of Atlantis, the strange communications received by other members of the club from the past, and the violent irruption of the legend into the North-west of Europe. Closely associated with the Papers is a new version of the Drowning of Anadune, which constitutes the third part of the book. At this time the language of the Men of the West, 'Adunaic', was first devised, and the book concludes with an account of its structure provided by Arundel Lowdham, a member of the Notion Club, who learned it in his dreams.<br />
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[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien]]<br />
[[Category:Books by Christopher Tolkien]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_War_of_the_Ring&diff=41882The War of the Ring2007-04-13T20:34:32Z<p>Thomas Deniau: book template</p>
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<div>{{book|<br />
title=The War of the Ring|<br />
image=[[Image:The War of the Ring.jpg|225px]]|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]]|<br />
isbn=039556008X|<br />
publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin]]|<br />
date=November 14, 1990|<br />
format=Hardcover|<br />
pages= 496|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/War-Ring-History-Rings-Middle-Earth/dp/039556008X|<br />
amazonprice=$21.90<br />
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'''The War of the Ring''' takes up the story of [[The Lord of the Rings]] with the [[Battle of Helm's Deep]] and the drowning of [[Isengard]] by the [[Ents]], continues with the journey of [[Frodo]], [[Sam]] and [[Gollum]] to the Pass of [[Cirith Ungol]], describes the war in [[Gondor]], and ends with the parsley between [[Gandalf]] and the ambassador of the Dark Lord before the [[Black Gate|Black Gate of Mordor]]. Unforeseen developments that would become central to the narrative are seen at the moment of their emergence: the [[palantíri|palantír]] bursting into fragments on the stairs of Orthanc, its nature as unknown to the author as to those who saw it fall, or the entry of [[Faramir son of Denethor II|Faramir]] into the story ('I am sure I did not invent him, I did not even want him, though I like him, but there he came walking through the woods of Ithilien'). The book is illustrated with plans and drawings of the changing conceptions of [[Orthanc]], [[Dunharrow]], [[Minas Tirith in Gondor|Minas Tirith]] and the tunnels of [[Shelob's Lair]].<br />
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[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien|War of the Ring]]<br />
[[Category:Books by Christopher Tolkien|War of the Ring]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_Treason_of_Isengard&diff=41881The Treason of Isengard2007-04-13T20:32:26Z<p>Thomas Deniau: Typo</p>
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<div>{{book|<br />
title=The Treason of Isengard|<br />
image=[[Image:The Treason of Isengard.jpg|225px]]|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]]|<br />
isbn=0395515629|<br />
publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin]]|<br />
date=November 30, 1989|<br />
format=Hardcover|<br />
pages= 512|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/Treason-Isengard-History-Rings-Middle-Earth/dp/0395515629|<br />
amazonprice=$21.86<br />
}}<br />
<br />
The Treason of Isengard continues the account of the creation of [[The Lord of the Rings]] started in the earlier volume, [[The Return of the Shadow]]. It traces the great expansion of the tale into new lands and new peoples south and east of the Misty Mountains: the emergence of Lothlorien, of Ents of the Riders of Rohan, and of Saruman and White in the fortress of Isengard. In brief outlines and pencilled drafts dashed down on scraps of paper are seen the first entry of Galadriel, the earliest ideas of the history of Gondor, and the original meeting of Aragorn and Eowyn, its significance destined to be wholly transformed. The book also contains a full account of the original map which was to be the basis of the emerging geography of [[Middle-earth]]; and an appendix examines the Runic alphabets, with illustrations of the forms and an analysis of the Runes used in the Book of Mazarbul found beside Balin's tomb in Moria.<br />
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{{home}}<br />
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[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien|Treason of Isengard]]<br />
[[Category:Books by Christopher Tolkien|Treason of Isengard]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_Treason_of_Isengard&diff=41880The Treason of Isengard2007-04-13T20:32:11Z<p>Thomas Deniau: typo</p>
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<div>{{book|<br />
title=The Treason of Isengard|<br />
image=[[Image:The Treason of Isengard.jpg|225px]]|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]]|<br />
isbn=0395515629|<br />
publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin]]|<br />
date=November 30, 1989|<br />
format=Hardcover|<br />
pages= 512|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/Treason-Isengard-History-Rings-Middle-Earth/dp/0395515629|<br />
amazonprice=$21.86<br />
}}<br />
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[[Image:|thumb]]<br />
The Treason of Isengard continues the account of the creation of [[The Lord of the Rings]] started in the earlier volume, [[The Return of the Shadow]]. It traces the great expansion of the tale into new lands and new peoples south and east of the Misty Mountains: the emergence of Lothlorien, of Ents of the Riders of Rohan, and of Saruman and White in the fortress of Isengard. In brief outlines and pencilled drafts dashed down on scraps of paper are seen the first entry of Galadriel, the earliest ideas of the history of Gondor, and the original meeting of Aragorn and Eowyn, its significance destined to be wholly transformed. The book also contains a full account of the original map which was to be the basis of the emerging geography of [[Middle-earth]]; and an appendix examines the Runic alphabets, with illustrations of the forms and an analysis of the Runes used in the Book of Mazarbul found beside Balin's tomb in Moria.<br />
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{{home}}<br />
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[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien|Treason of Isengard]]<br />
[[Category:Books by Christopher Tolkien|Treason of Isengard]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_Treason_of_Isengard&diff=41879The Treason of Isengard2007-04-13T20:31:48Z<p>Thomas Deniau: book template</p>
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<div>{{book|<br />
title=The Treason of Isengard|<br />
image=[[Image:The Treason of Isengard.jpg|225px]]|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]]|<br />
isbn=0395515629|<br />
publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin]]|<br />
date=November 30, 1989|<br />
format=Hardcover|<br />
pages= 512|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/Treason-Isengard-History-Rings-Middle-Earth/dp/0395515629<br />
amazonprice=$21.86<br />
}}<br />
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<br />
[[Image:|thumb]]<br />
The Treason of Isengard continues the account of the creation of [[The Lord of the Rings]] started in the earlier volume, [[The Return of the Shadow]]. It traces the great expansion of the tale into new lands and new peoples south and east of the Misty Mountains: the emergence of Lothlorien, of Ents of the Riders of Rohan, and of Saruman and White in the fortress of Isengard. In brief outlines and pencilled drafts dashed down on scraps of paper are seen the first entry of Galadriel, the earliest ideas of the history of Gondor, and the original meeting of Aragorn and Eowyn, its significance destined to be wholly transformed. The book also contains a full account of the original map which was to be the basis of the emerging geography of [[Middle-earth]]; and an appendix examines the Runic alphabets, with illustrations of the forms and an analysis of the Runes used in the Book of Mazarbul found beside Balin's tomb in Moria.<br />
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{{home}}<br />
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[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien|Treason of Isengard]]<br />
[[Category:Books by Christopher Tolkien|Treason of Isengard]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_Return_of_the_Shadow&diff=41878The Return of the Shadow2007-04-13T20:30:09Z<p>Thomas Deniau: book template</p>
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title=The Return of the Shadow|<br />
image=[[Image:The Return of the Shadow.jpg|225px]]|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]]|<br />
isbn=0395498635|<br />
publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin]]|<br />
date=January 5, 1989|<br />
format=Hardcover|<br />
pages= 512|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/Return-Shadow-History-Rings-Middle-Earth/dp/0395498635|<br />
amazonprice=$29.95<br />
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'''The Return of the Shadow''' is the first part of the history of the creation of [[The Lord of the Rings]], a fascinating study of Tolkien's great masterpiece, from its inception to the end of the first volume, [[The Fellowship of the Ring]]. In The Return of the Shadow (the abandoned title of the first volume of The Lord of the Rings) we see how Bilbo's 'magic' ring evolved into the supremely dangerous Ruling Ring of the Dark Lord; and the precise, and astonishingly unforeseen, moment when a Black Rider first rode into the Shire. The character of the hobbit called Trotter (afterwards Strider or Aragorn) is developed, though his true identity seems to be an insoluble problem. Frodo's companions undergo many changes of name and personality; and other major figures appear in unfamiliar guises: a sinister Treebeard, in league with the Enemy, and a ferocious, malevolent Farmer Maggot. This book comes complete with reproductions of the first maps and facsimile pages from the earlier manuscripts.<br />
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[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien|Return of the Shadow]]<br />
[[Category:Books by Christopher Tolkien|Return of the Shadow]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_Lost_Road_and_Other_Writings&diff=41877The Lost Road and Other Writings2007-04-13T20:28:01Z<p>Thomas Deniau: book template</p>
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title=The Lost Road and Other Writings|<br />
image=[[Image:The Lost Road and Other Writings.jpg|225px]]|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]]|<br />
isbn=0395455197|<br />
publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin]]|<br />
date=November 30, 1987|<br />
format=Hardcover|<br />
pages= 464|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/Lost-Other-Writings-History-Middle-Earth/dp/0395455197|<br />
amazonprice=$19.80<br />
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At the end of 1937, [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] reluctantly set aside his work on the myths and heroic legends of Valinor and [[Middle-earth]] and began [[The Lord of the Rings]]. This fifth volume of [[The History of Middle-earth]] completes the examination of his writing up to that time. Later forms of The Annals of Valinor and The Annals of Beleriand had been composed, The Silmarillion was nearing completion in a greatly amplified form, and a new Map had been made. The legend of the Downfall of Numenor had entered the work, including those central ideas: the World Made Round and the Straight Path into the vanished West. Closely associated with this was the abandoned 'time-travel' story The Lost Road, linking the world of Numenor and [[Middle-earth]] with the legends of many other times and peoples. Also included in this volume is The Lhammas, an essay on the complex languages and dialects of [[Middle-earth]], and an 'etymological dictionary' containing an extensive account of Elvish vocabularies.<br />
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# "The Early History of the Legend" - an introduction to the following two pieces, detailing how Tolkien's correspondence with [[C.S. Lewis]] led to the writing of ''The Lost Road''.<br />
# ''The Fall of Númenor'' - an early draft of the ''[[Akallabêth]]''<br />
# ''[[The Lost Road]]'' - a story that connects Tolkien's other tales to the present<br />
# The later ''Annals of Beleriand''<br />
# The later ''Annals of Valinor''<br />
# The ''Ainulindalë'' - an early version of ''[[Ainulindalë|The Music of the Ainur]]''<br />
# ''The [[Lhammas]]'' ("Account of Tongues") - an overview of the various languages of the Elves<br />
# ''Quenta Silmarillion'' - a draft of ''[[Quenta Silmarillion|The Silmarillion]]''<br />
# The ''Etymologies'' - a long list of words and roots, the best source on Elvish languages<br />
# The second Silmarillion map<br />
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[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien|Lost Road and Other Writings]]<br />
[[Category:Books by Christopher Tolkien|Lost Road and Other Writings]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_Lost_Road&diff=41876The Lost Road2007-04-13T20:25:20Z<p>Thomas Deniau: cat</p>
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<div>'''The Lost Road''' is an unfinished story by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] in which he attemped to link the newly developed [[Numenor]] story of the [[Legendarium]] with the [[Elfwine]] story of [[The Silmarillion]] as it then stood. It seems likely that it was written in 1935-6.<br />
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The origional idea of the book came out of discussions that Tolkien had with [[C.S. Lewis]] who said that "There is too little of what we really like in stories" and they thus tried to write their own. C.S. Lewis took 'Space Travel' and his story emerged a few years later as "Out of the Silent Planet" Tolkien meanwhile took 'Time Travel' and wrote the Lost road.<br />
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The theme of the book is one of 'Preincarnation' That a father and son duo, sharing names that are etymologically connected with Elendil (Elf-friend) and Valandil (God-friend) Such as the pairs Elfwine/Edwin, Alboin/Audoin and the like. In the story the father son pair were to go back in time through different phases of the history of their names - in notes Tolkien lists them as 'Anglo Saxon. Irish legends. Prehistoric north. Belariand. Numenor.'<br />
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However Tolkien only wrote 4 chapters of the story. The two opening chapters, and two which take place in Numenor. It seems he abandoned it due to his interest only in the 'Numenor bits' and possibly the fact that he was working on the Silmarillion at the time.<br />
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However this was not the last time Tolkien tried to intigrate the Numenor story into a time travel frame work, as he tried a second time a decade later with [[The Notion Club Papers]]<br />
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[[Category:Writings|Lost Road]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_Shaping_of_Middle-earth&diff=41875The Shaping of Middle-earth2007-04-13T20:23:51Z<p>Thomas Deniau: book template</p>
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<div>{{book|<br />
title=The Shaping of Middle-earth|<br />
image=[[Image:The Shaping of Middle-earth.jpg|225px]]|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]]|<br />
isbn=0395425018|<br />
publisher= [[Houghton Mifflin]]|<br />
date=November 1986|<br />
format=Hardcover|<br />
pages= 400|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/Shaping-Middle-Earth-Quenta-Ambarkanta-History/dp/0395425018|<br />
amazonprice=$19.77<br />
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In this fourth volume of [[The History of Middle-earth]], the shaping of the chronological and geographical structure of the legends of [[Middle-earth]] and [[Valinor]] is spread before us. We are introduced to the hitherto unknown [[Ambarkanta]] or 'Shape of the World', the only account ever given of the nature of the imagined [[Eä|Universe]], accompanied by maps and diagrams of the world before and after the cataclysms of The War of the Gods and the [[Downfall of Númenor]]. The first map of [[Beleriand]] is also reproduced and discussed. In [[The Annals of Valinor]] and [[The Annals of Beleriand]] we are shown how the chronology of the [[First Age]] was moulded; and the tale is told of [[Aelfwine]], the Englishman who voyaged into the [[True West]] and came to [[Tol Eressëa]], the [[Lonely Isle]], where he learned the ancient history of [[Elves]] and [[Men]]. Also included are the original '[[The Silmarillion#Development of the text|Silmarillion]]' of 1926, and the [[Quenta Noldorinwa]] of 1930 - the only version of the myths and legends of the First Age that [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] completed to their end.<br />
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[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien|Shaping of Middle-earth]]<br />
[[Category:Books by Christopher Tolkien|Shaping of Middle-earth]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_Lays_of_Beleriand&diff=41874The Lays of Beleriand2007-04-13T20:21:04Z<p>Thomas Deniau: book template</p>
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<div>{{book|<br />
title=The Lays of Beleriand|<br />
image=[[Image:The Lays of Beleriand.jpg|225px]]|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]]|<br />
isbn=0395394295|<br />
publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin]]|<br />
date=November 20, 1985|<br />
format=Hardcover|<br />
pages= 400|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/Lays-Beleriand-History-Middle-Earth-Vol/dp/0395394295|<br />
amazonprice=$19.80<br />
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'''The Lays of Beleriand''' was the third volume to [[The History of Middle-earth]] and gives us a privileged insight into the creation of the mythology of [[Middle-earth]], through the alliterative verse tales of two of the most crucial stories in Tolkien's world - those of [[Túrin Turambar]] and of [[Beren Erchamion|Beren]] and [[Lúthien]]. The first of the poems is the unpublished ''[[Lay of the Children of Húrin]]'', narrating on a grand scale the tragedy of Túrin Turambar. The second is the moving ''[[Lay of Leithian]]'', the chief source of the tale of Beren and Lúthien in ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', telling of the Quest of the Silmaril and the encounter with [[Morgoth]] in his subterranean fortress.<br />
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[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien|Lays of Beleriand]]<br />
[[Category:Books by Christopher Tolkien|Lays of Beleriand]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_Book_of_Lost_Tales:_Part_Two&diff=41873The Book of Lost Tales: Part Two2007-04-13T20:18:31Z<p>Thomas Deniau: book template</p>
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<div>{{book|<br />
title=The Book of Lost Tales Part 2|<br />
image=[[Image:The Book of Lost Tales Part 2.jpg|225px]]|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]]|<br />
isbn=0395366143|<br />
publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin]]|<br />
date=1984|<br />
format=Hardcover|<br />
pages= 400|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/Book-Lost-Tales-History-Middle-Earth/dp/0395366143|<br />
amazonprice=$22.80<br />
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The '''Book of Lost Tales Part Two''' is the second part of [[The Book of Lost Tales]], including the tales of [[Beren Erchamion|Beren]] and [[Lúthien]], [[Túrin Turambar|Túrin]] and the [[Glaurung|Dragon]], and the only full narratives of the [[Nauglamír|Necklace of the Dwarves]] and the [[Fall of Gondolin]]. Each tale is followed by a commentary in the form of a short essay, together with the texts of associated poems, and contains extensive information on names and vocabulary in the earliest [[Elvish]] languages.<br />
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== Contents ==<br />
# "The [[Tale of Tinúviel]]" – the first version of the tale of [[Beren Erchamion|Beren]] and [[Lúthien Tinúviel|Lúthien]]<br />
# "[[Turambar and the Foalókë]]" – the first version of the [[Túrin Turambar|Túrin]] saga<br />
# "[[The Fall of Gondolin]]" – the only full narrative of the Fall of [[Gondolin]]<br />
# "[[The Nauglafring]]" – a story which was "lost", in that it never was rewritten in full, and was mostly left out of the later ''Silmarillion''.<br />
# "The [[Tale of Eärendel]]" – the only full narrative of [[Eärendil the Mariner|Eärendil]]'s travels<br />
# "The [[History of Eriol or Ælfwine and the End of the Tales]]" – an essay about the changes in the framework, and the "unwritten" tales.<br />
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[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien|Book of Lost Tales Part 2]]<br />
[[Category:Books by Christopher Tolkien|Book of Lost Tales Part 2]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_Book_of_Lost_Tales:_Part_One&diff=41872The Book of Lost Tales: Part One2007-04-13T20:15:08Z<p>Thomas Deniau: book template</p>
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title=The Book of Lost Tales, Part 1|<br />
image=[[Image:The Book of Lost Tales Part 1.jpg|225px]]||<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]]|<br />
isbn=0395354390|<br />
publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin]]|<br />
date=February 22, 1984|<br />
format=Hardcover|<br />
pages= 304|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/Book-Lost-Tales-History-Middle-Earth/dp/0395354390|<br />
amazonprice=$21.9<br />
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The '''Book of Lost Tales''' describes the beginning of the conception of [[Middle-earth]] and [[Valinor]]. The Tales were the first form of the myths and legends that came to be called ''[[The Silmarillion]]''. Embedded in English legend and [[Old English]] association, they are set in the narrative frame of a great westward voyage over the Ocean by a mariner named [[Eriol]] (or [[Ælfwine]]) to [[Tol Eressëa]], the "Lonely Isle", where Elves dwelt; from them he learned their true history, the ''Lost Tales of Elfinesse''. In the Tales are found the earliest accounts and original ideas of [[Valar|Gods]] and [[Elves]], [[Dwarves]], [[Balrogs]] and [[Orcs]]; of the [[Silmarils]] and the [[Two Trees of Valinor]]; of [[Nargothrond]] and [[Gondolin]]; of the geography and cosmology of the invented world.<br />
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== Contents ==<br />
# "[[The Cottage of Lost Play]]" – the "framework" story<br />
# "[[The Music of the Ainur]]" – the first version of what would become the ''[[Ainulindalë]]''<br />
# "[[The Coming of the Valar and the Building of Valinor]]" – later ''[[Valaquenta]]'' and first chapters of ''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]''<br />
# "[[The Chaining of Melko]]" – ''Melko'' is an earlier name of [[Melkor]]<br />
# "[[The Coming of the Elves and the Making of Kôr]]" – [[Kôr]] is the original name of [[Tirion]] upon [[Túna]]<br />
# "[[The Theft of Melko and the Darkening of Valinor]]"<br />
# "[[The Flight of the Noldoli]]" – "Noldoli" or "[[Gnomes]]" are the Elves later called the [[Noldor]]<br />
# "[[The Tale of the Sun and Moon]]"<br />
# "[[The Hiding of Valinor]]"<br />
# "[[Gilfanon's Tale: The Travail of the Noldoli and the Coming of Mankind]]"<br />
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[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien|Book of Lost Tales Part 1]]<br />
[[Category:Books by Christopher Tolkien|Book of Lost Tales Part 1]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Valaquenta&diff=41871Valaquenta2007-04-13T20:10:34Z<p>Thomas Deniau: +cat writings</p>
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<div>'''Valaquenta''' is the second part of ''[[The Silmarillion]]''. The [[Eldar]] name ''Valaquenta'' translates as the "Tale of the Valar" ("[[Valar]]" means "Powers", however, usually this name is left untranslated).<br />
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== Summary ==<br />
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''Valar'' is the name given to the chief [[Ainur]] following their descent to [[Arda]]. The Ainur were holy spirits created by the supreme deity, [[Eru Ilúvatar]] (see [[Ainulindalë]]). The most powerful of the Valar was [[Melkor]], who became corrupt, and ceased to follow the will of Ilúvatar. The fourteen remaining Valar continued in Ilúvatar's will.<br />
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Everything created by Ilúvatar had both masculine and feminine forms. Thus, there were seven male Valar, and seven female ("[[Valier]]"). Some of the Valar were considered siblings, or even spouses, yet these distinctions are difficult to make, as the Valar were ultimately incorporeal beings. Of the fourteen, those eight with the greatest might (called [[Aratar]]) were responsible for some attribute of life in [[Arda]] (e.g., crafts, mining, agriculture, etc.). The king of the Valar was [[Manwë]].<br />
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In addition to the Valar, there were Ainur of lesser might called the [[Maiar]]. The Valar ruled the Maiar, who were their students and assistants in governing Arda. The Valar (including Melkor) had the ability to change their physical appearance, or to bear no shape at all. This was also true for some of the Maiar—however, their abilities were not limitless. Some of the Maiar bore the form of animals (e.g., [[Huan]], the hound of the Valar; or the [[Eagles of Manwë]]).<br />
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== History of Composition ==<br />
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Although sequential descriptions of the Valar go back to ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]'', the earliest writing that resembles the Valaquenta is found in the text called ''[[Quenta Noldorinwa]]'' (published in volume 4 of ''[[The History of Middle-earth]]''). It then became Chapter 1 of the ''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]'' (entitled ''Of the Valar''). In revisions to the Quenta Silmarillion done in 1958, the section was split off into a separately titled work. There is nothing to indicate why Tolkien felt that the piece should stand alone. While it is not a narrative, neither is the chapter ''Of Beleriand and its Realms'', and Tolkien never seems to have considered removing that section.<br />
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{{silmarillion}}<br />
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[[Category:The Silmarillion chapters]]<br />
[[Category:Writings]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Thomas_Deniau&diff=41863User talk:Thomas Deniau2007-04-13T18:35:34Z<p>Thomas Deniau: </p>
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<div>'''{{PAGENAME}}, welcome!'''<br />
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Thanks ! [[User:Thomas Deniau|Thomasdeniau]] 14:35, 13 April 2007 (EDT)</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Smith_of_Wootton_Major&diff=41862Smith of Wootton Major2007-04-13T18:33:38Z<p>Thomas Deniau: cat</p>
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<div>'''''Smith of Wootton Major''''', first published in 1967, is a short story by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]. <br />
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== Background ==<br />
The book grew out of an attempt to explain the meaning of Faery by means of a brief story about a cook and his cake. This would have been part of a preface by Tolkien to George MacDonald's famous faerie story The Golden Key. But the story grew from there and became a tale in its own right.<br />
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The most recent (2005) edition, edited by Verlyn Flieger, includes a previously unpublished essay by Tolkien, explaining the background and just why the elf-king spent so long in Wootton Major. It also explains how the story grew from this first idea into the published version.<br />
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The book was originally called "'''The Great Cake'''", but the title was changed to "'''Smith of Wootton Major'''" in an attempt to suggest an early work by P.G. Wodehouse.<br />
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The story was first published in the Christmas edition of ''Redbook'' magazine, New York on # 23 November 1967 but without the illustrations by [[Pauline Baynes]] that appeared in the published book.<br />
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It is not definitely connected to the [[Middle-earth]] legendarium. Both ''Faery'' and [[Valinor]] are lands outside of the normal world, but Valinor cannot normally be visited by mortals. There are lesser elven kingdoms that humans can visit and return: [[Faramir]] mentions visitors to [[Lorien]].<br />
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It is sometimes published in an omnibus edition with "[[Farmer Giles of Ham]]", another Tolkien novella with illustrations by [[Pauline Baynes]]. The two stories are not obviously linked, though an ingenious person could devise a common framework.<br />
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== The story == <br />
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The village of Wootton Major is well-known around the countryside for its annual festivals, which are particularly famous for their culinary delights. The biggest festival of them all is the Feast of Good Children. This festival is celebrated only once every twenty-four years, and the celebrations take the form of a party to which twenty-four children of the village are invited. The highpoint of the party is the Great Cake, which is remarkable for its hidden magical ingredients. Whoever swallows one of these is given the rare gift of an entry into the Land of Faery.<br />
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This year the magic star hidden inside the Great Cake was eaten by a blacksmith’s son. The boy did not feel any of its magical properties at once but on the morning of his tenth birthday the star fixed itself on his forehead and marked him as one intimate with the Faeryfolk. This boy grew up to be a blacksmith like his father, but in his free time he roamed into the Land of Faery. The star on his forehead protected him from the evils threatening mortals in that land, and the Folk called him Starbrow and told him about their land and its hidden beauties and dangers. <br />
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The years passed and it was now time for another Feast of Good Children. Smith had had his precious gift for most of his life now and the time had come for it to be passed on to some other child. So he gave up the star, and the mysterious new Master Cook baked it into the festive cake once more.<br />
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Funny, frightening and always fascinating, the book is in part dominated by the character of the earlier Master Cook, a shallow, sly and lazy man called Nokes. He is the foremost among the non-believers, and dismisses all things magical as mere dreams and fancies. In the end it is he who meets the King of Faery and who is told off by him for his greed and indolence.<br />
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== Genealogy ==<br />
There is a surprising amount of genealogical information in the story.<br />
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<code><br />
Master Cook Rider<br />
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Smith = <:> __________________<br />
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Smith Smithson = Nell <:> = Master Cook Nokes<br />
__________________________|________ |<br />
| | |<br />
Tom = Nan Ned Smithson Nokes of Townsend<br />
| |<br />
Tomling Tim of Townsend<br />
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[[Category:Writings]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Roverandom&diff=41861Roverandom2007-04-13T18:33:02Z<p>Thomas Deniau: cat</p>
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title=Roverandom|<br />
image=[[Image:Roverandom.jpg|200px]]|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]]<br/>Ed. [[Christina Scull]] & [[Wayne G. Hammond]]|<br />
publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin]]|<br />
date=April 1998|<br />
format=Hardback with dustwrapper|<br />
pages=106|<br />
isbn=0261103539|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0395898714/sr=1-1/qid=1145507243/ref=pd_bbs_1/102-6025778-4717761?%5Fencoding=UTF8&s=books|<br />
amazonprice=$17.00<br />
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'''Roverandom''' is a story written by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]], originally told in 1925. It deals with the adventures of a young dog, Rover. In the story, an irritable wizard turns Rover into a toy, and Rover goes to the moon and under the sea in order to find the wizard again to turn him back into a dog. The author wrote Roverandom for his son Michael Tolkien to amuse him upon the loss of his favorite toy &mdash; a little lead dog. The work is in tone a children's story, but contains many allusions and references in the manner of ''[[Farmer Giles of Ham]]''.<br />
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It was submitted for publication in 1936 after the success of ''[[The Hobbit]]'', but was not published for over sixty years &mdash; finally being released in 1998.<br />
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[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_Tale_of_Aragorn_and_Arwen&diff=41859The Tale of Aragorn and Arwen2007-04-13T18:31:42Z<p>Thomas Deniau: cat</p>
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<div>A tale written in [[Gondor]] by [[Barahir grandson of Faramir|Barahir]], the grandson of Prince [[Faramir son of Denethor II|Faramir]] of [[Ithilien]]. It told the story of the romance of [[Aragorn II|Aragorn]] and [[Arwen]] from the days before Aragorn's birth until Arwen's despair at his loss. It was inserted into a copy of the [[Thain]]'s Book by [[Findegil]] the scribe in [[Minas Tirith in Gondor|Minas Tirith]], but in a shortened form - the passages relating to the [[War of the Ring]] were removed to avoid repeating the main tale of that Book. So the abridged Tale has descended to modern versions of the [[Red Book of Westmarch|Red Book]], and appears as part of Appendix A to [[The Lord of the Rings]].<br />
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[[Category:Writings|Tale of Aragorn and Arwen]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Tales_from_the_Perilous_Realm&diff=41858Tales from the Perilous Realm2007-04-13T18:31:23Z<p>Thomas Deniau: +isbn</p>
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title=Tales from the Perilous Realm|<br />
image=[[Image:Tales from the Perilous Realm.jpg|225px]]|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]]|<br />
isbn=0261103423|<br />
publisher=[[HarperCollins]]|<br />
date=1997|<br />
format=Hardback in dustwrapper|<br />
pages= 178|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/Tales-Perilous-Realm-J-Tolkien/dp/0261103423/|<br />
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'''Tales from the Perilous Realm''' by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]<br />
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[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Tales_from_the_Perilous_Realm&diff=41857Tales from the Perilous Realm2007-04-13T18:30:52Z<p>Thomas Deniau: cat, stub, book template</p>
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title=Tales from the Perilous Realm|<br />
image=[[Image:Tales from the Perilous Realm.jpg|225px]]|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]]|<br />
isbn=|<br />
publisher=[[HarperCollins]]|<br />
date=1997|<br />
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pages= 178|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/Tales-Perilous-Realm-J-Tolkien/dp/0261103423/|<br />
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'''Tales from the Perilous Realm''' by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]<br />
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[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Quenta_Silmarillion&diff=41855Quenta Silmarillion2007-04-13T18:26:46Z<p>Thomas Deniau: cat</p>
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<div>'''''Quenta Silmarillion''''' is the third part of ''[[The Silmarillion]]'' by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]. ''Quenta Silmarillion'' is translated as the "Tale of the Silmarils". The part is the longest in the book, consisting of more than twenty chapters. <br />
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''Quenta Silmarillion'' deals with the history of [[Arda]] following the entrance of the [[Ainur]] as the [[Valar]] (see ''[[Valaquenta]]''). After the Valar's entrance, Arda was still lifeless and had no distinct geographical features. The initial shape of Arda, chosen by the Valar, was of a symmetrical continent lit by two lamps: one in the continent's north, and one in the south. However the lamps were destroyed by the vicious [[Melkor]]. Arda was again darkened, and the lamps' fall spoiled the perfect symmetry of Arda's surface. Two main continents were created that are of concern to the story: [[Aman]] on the far West, and [[Middle-earth]] to the East, over the Great Ocean.<br />
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Following this, Melkor hid himself from the Valar in an enormous fortress, [[Utumno]]. He also surrounded himself with horrible beasts, many of them [[Maiar]] in the form of fell animals, known as [[Balrogs]]. Balrogs were to remain his most faithful servants and soldiers ever after.<br />
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The Valar then made for themselves a home at the utmost West, upon Aman. Then the Valar began to reshape Arda yet again, making it habitable and preparing it for the coming of the [[Children of Ilúvatar]]: [[Elves]] and [[Men]]. However everywhere they went, Melkor followed them spoiling the fruit of their labour and damaging their achievements. Thus, the whole Arda was marred by Melkor's anger, envy and lust of power.<br />
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Utumno did not protect Melkor, however. He was taken prisoner and sentenced to three ages (about 9,000 years) of imprisonment. Utumno was laid bare; but all its evil was not destroyed. Before Melkor was taken captive, Arda witnessed the [[Awakening of the Elves]], the first-born Children of Ilùvatar. Elves are described as anthropomorphic beings, who, however, are immortal and possess many virtues (beauty, health, ability to communicate with nature), beyond the share of Men. The Elves were met by the Valar and invited to join them in the West; however Melkor managed to reach some of the Elves even earlier. It is said that from them he bred the hideous race of [[Orcs]] whom both he and his follower [[Sauron]] used as soldiers.<br />
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Some of the Elves refused to go westward. They became known as the [[Avari]]. Two houses of the Elves, the [[Vanyar]] and the [[Noldor]] crossed the [[Great Sea]] with the help of the Valar. A third house, called the [[Teleri]] lingered on the eastern shore of the Great Sea and in the west of Middle-earth. Although many of the Teleri eventually crossed the Great Sea after they were taught by the Valar how to make ships, some Teleri remained in Middle Earth. These latter are termed [[Sindar]] (See: [[Sundering of the Elves]]).<br />
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At some time between the imprisonment of Melkor and his release, the Valar created the Two Trees, [[Laurelin]] and [[Telperion]], which filled Arda with light.<br />
<br />
There arose a mighty Elf among the house of Noldor, named [[Fëanor]]. Fëanor was skilled in crafts and his greatest achievement has been the making of three wonderful jewels, the [[Silmarils]]. The Silmarils contained the light of the Two Trees of Valinor (as the land of the Valar was known).<br />
<br />
By that time Melkor's captivity was over. However he returned to evil quickly. Through a vicious design he managed to destroy the Two Trees and to steal the Silmarils. Then he fled eastward, to the [[Middle-earth]].<br />
<br />
The furious Fëanor followed Melkor (whom he re-named [[Morgoth]]). This was done against the will of the Valar, and during Fëanor's flight he slew many of the Teleri, over their refusal to lend him their ships ([[First Kinslaying]]). For this he and his followers were forbidden to approach Aman ever again. However Fëanor ignored this punishment and managed to cross the Great Ocean eastward. There he joined with the Sindar, who had been on Middle-earth all along. Years after this flight, in order to diminish the darkness, the Valar launched the Sun, so that it would dissolve Melkor's shadows.<br />
<br />
Morgoth, because he possessed the Silmarils, returned to Middle-earth with more power than ever and built a new fortified empire, [[Angband]] with its capital at [[Thangorodrim]]. From there he waged war upon the Sindar. However, with the help of the Noldor who had just crossed the Ocean, the first onslaught of Morgoth's attack was thrown off.<br />
<br />
Following this, the Noldor settled with the Sindar in the West of Middle-earth, known as [[Beleriand]]. They adopted the [[Sindarin]] language instead of their native [[Quenya]]. This period of relative peace and stability was short-lived (at least by the Elves' standards). One of the first victims of this war was Fëanor. As the time passed, Morgoth gathered more and more force.<br />
<br />
Three hundred years after the coming of the Noldor to Beleriand, Middle-earth witnessed the awakening of Men, the Secondborn (or the Followers). Most of them allied with the Elves in order to defend Beleriand from Morgoth. However neither Elvish skill, nor human resolve succeeded in defying him. One after another, the domains of Elves and Men were destroyed and filled with evil.<br />
<br />
At last, more than five centuries after the flight of the Noldor, [[Eärendil the Mariner|Eärendil]], the son of an Elf-woman and a Man set sail to the West with the only Silmaril that his ancestors managed to recover. He was allowed to land in Aman, and to plead the Valar for mercy towards the Elves and Men.<br />
<br />
The Valar agreed to pardon the Noldor. They set out to fight Morgoth and were victorious. Morgoth was expelled from Arda forever. However during the conflict, the very continent of Beleriand was destroyed and sunk, thus forming a new shoreline for Middle-earth, hundreds of miles to the east.<br />
<br />
The Valar offered Elves their pardon and the right to come to Aman. Many of them did indeed leave Middle-Earth, weary of centuries of warfare against the ever-growing evil. The tribes of Men that helped the Elves were given a whole island of their own, on which they founded the kingdom of [[Númenor]].<br />
<br />
Eärendil's Silmaril became a bright star. One Silmaril was sunk in the water of the Great Ocean, and the third was lost in the depths of the Earth. Thus no trace remained on Middle-earth of the [[Two Trees of Valinor]]; but their influence lives on in the elements: air, water and fire/earth.<br />
<br />
{{silmarillion}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Writings]]<br />
[[Category:The Silmarillion chapters]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_Notion_Club_Papers&diff=41854The Notion Club Papers2007-04-13T18:26:31Z<p>Thomas Deniau: cat</p>
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<div>'''''The Notion Club Papers''''' is the title of an abandoned novel by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]], written during 1945 and published posthumously in ''[[Sauron Defeated]]'', the 9th volume of ''[[The History of Middle-earth]]''. It is a space/time/dream travel story, written at the same time as ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' was being developed. The story itself involves the minutes of the meetings of an arts discussion club at [[Oxford]], a fictionalization of (and a pun on) Tolkien's own Club, [[Inklings|The Inklings]].<br />
<br />
During these meetings, Alwin Arundel Lowdham discusses his lucid dreams about [[Númenor]]; through these dreams, he "discovers" much about the Númenor story and the languages of Middle-earth (notably [[Quenya]], [[Sindarin]], and [[Adûnaic]] &#8212; the last very interesting since it is the sole source of most of the material on this language). While not finished, at the end of the given story it becomes clear Lowdham himself is a reincarnation of sorts of [[Elendil]]. (''Alwin'' is a modernisation of the name ''[[Ælfwine]]'', Old English for Elf-friend, or ''Elendil'' in Quenya.) Other members of the Club also mention their vivid dreams of other times and places. <br />
<br />
Tolkien not only created fictional meetings for these papers; he also created a fictional history for the manuscript of the papers. According to the papers, the meetings occurred in the 1980s; they even mention events that occurred in the 1970s and 1980s. About one-fourth of the papers were found among sacks of waste paper in 2012 at Oxford by a Mr. Green. Mr. Green published a first edition containing excerpts from these papers, indicating that they were written during the 1980s by one of the participants. Two scholars read the first edition, asked to examine the manuscripts, and then submitted a full report. The "Notes to the Second Edition" mentions the contradictory evidence in dating the manuscripts, and an alternative date is presented: they may have been written in the 1940s.<br />
<br />
These papers remind one of [[C.S. Lewis]]' commentary to Tolkien's poem ''[[Lay of Leithian|The Lay of Leithian]]'', in which Lewis created a fictional history of scholarship of the poem and even referred to other manuscript tradition to recommend changes to the poem.<br />
<br />
''The Notion Club Papers'' may be seen as an attempt to re-write ''[[The Lost Road]]'', published and discussed in ''[[The Lost Road and Other Writings]]'', as being another attempt to tie the Númenórean legend in with a more modern tale. There is, however, no direct connection between the modern settings of the two stories within the fictional frame.<br />
<br />
By an odd coincidence ''The Notion Club Papers'' mentions a great storm occurring during 1987 in England. In real life the Great Storm of 1987 occurred in October of that year.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Writings|Notion Club Papers]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Mr._Bliss&diff=41853Mr. Bliss2007-04-13T18:25:54Z<p>Thomas Deniau: cat</p>
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<div>'''''Mr. Bliss''''' is a children's picture book by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]], published posthumously in book form in 1982. One of Tolkien's least-known short works, it tells the story of Mr. Bliss and his first ride in his new motor-car. Many adventures follow: encounters with bears, angry neighbors, irate shopkeepers, and assorted collisions.<br />
<br />
The story was inspired by Tolkien's own vehicular mishaps with his first auto, purchased in 1932. The bears were based on toy bears owned by Tolkien's sons. Tolkien was both author and illustrator of the book. His narrative binds the story and illustrations tightly together, as the text often comments directly on the pictures.<br />
<br />
''Mr. Bliss'' wasn't published during Tolkien's lifetime. He submitted it to his publishers as a balm to readers who were hungry for more from Tolkien after the success of ''[[The Hobbit]]''. The lavish ink and colored pencil illustrations would have made production costs prohibitively expensive. Tolkien agreed to redraw the pictures in a simpler style, but then found he didn't have time to do it. The manuscript lay in a drawer until 1957, when he sold it (as well as the original manuscripts of ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', ''The Hobbit'', and ''[[Farmer Giles of Ham]]'') to [[Marquette University]] for 1,250 pounds.<br />
<br />
The book was published in 1982, with Tolkien's difficult-to-read handwritten story and illustrations on one page, and a typeset transcription on the facing page.<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
Russian fans of J.R.R. Tolkien's works were inspired to create an animated film of "Mr. Bliss". The film was produced and animated by "Tolkien Text Translation" and was created from original drawings by the Professor himself. The film was shown at Tolkien Thing 2006 and will also be shown at Ring*Con 2006.<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* [http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=7165478577875733300&hl=en Mr. Bliss animated film trailer]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Leaf_by_Niggle&diff=41852Leaf by Niggle2007-04-13T18:25:18Z<p>Thomas Deniau: cat</p>
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<div>"'''Leaf by Niggle'''" is a short story written by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] in 1938-39 and first published in the ''Dublin Review'' in January 1945. It can be found, most notably, in Tolkien's book titled ''"[[Tree and Leaf]]"'', and in other places. This is notable because the book, consisting of a seminal essay called "[[On Fairy-Stories]]" and "Leaf by Niggle," offers the underlying philosophy (Creation and Sub-Creation, see below) of much of Tolkien's fantastical writings. <br />
<br />
"Leaf by Niggle" is very much an [[#Analysis|allegory]] of Tolkien's own creative process, and, to an extent, of his own life.<br />
<br />
==Plot Synopsis==<br />
<br />
In the story, an artist, named Niggle, lives in a society that does not much value art. Working only to please himself, he paints a canvas of a great Tree, in the middle of a Forest, with many other trees around as well. He invests each and every leaf of his tree with obsessive attention to detail, making every leaf uniquely beautiful (of course, he ''niggles'' over each one!). Niggle ends up discarding all his other artworks, or tacks them onto the main canvas, which becomes a single vast embodiment of his vision.<br />
<br />
However, there are many mundane chores and duties that prevent Niggle from giving his work the attention it deserves, so it remains incomplete and is not fully realized. <br />
<br />
At the back of his head, Niggle knows that he has a great trip looming, and he must pack and prepare his bags. <br />
<br />
Also, Niggle's next door neighbor, a gardener named Parish, is the sort of neighbor who always drops by whining about the help he needs with this and that. Moreover, Parish is lame of foot and has a sick wife, and honestly needs help &mdash; Niggle, having a good heart, takes time out to help.<br />
<br />
And Niggle has other pressing work duties that require his attention. Then Niggle himself catches a chill doing errands for Parish in the rain.<br />
<br />
Eventually, Niggle is forced to take his trip, and cannot get out of it. He has not prepared, and as a result ends up in a kind of institution, in which he must perform menial labor each day.<br />
<br />
Eventually he is paroled from the institution, and he is sent to a place in the country to work as a gardener in a forest. But he discovers that the forest is in fact the Tree and Forest of his great painting, now long abandoned and all but destroyed (except for the one perfect leaf of the title which is placed in the local museum) in the home to which he cannot return &mdash; but the Tree here and now in this place is the true realization of his vision, not the flawed and incomplete form of his painting.<br />
<br />
Niggle is reunited with his old neighbor, Parish, who now proves his worth as a gardener, and together they make the Tree and Forest even more beautiful. Finally, Niggle journeys farther and deeper into the Forest, and beyond into the great mountains that he only faintly glimpsed in his painting.<br />
<br />
==Analysis==<br />
Of course, the allegory of "Leaf by Niggle" is life, death, purgatory and paradise. Niggle is not prepared for his unavoidable trip, as humans often are not prepared for death. His time in the institution and subsequent discovery of his Tree represent purgatory and heaven.<br />
<br />
But "Leaf by Niggle" is also about Tolkien's profoundly religious philosophy of Creation and Subcreation. True Creation is the exclusive province of God, and those who aspire to Creation can only make echoes (good) or mockeries (evil) of truth. The Subcreation of works that echo the true creations of God is one way that mortals honor God.<br />
<br />
(This philosophy is evident in [[The Silmarillion]] &mdash; one [[Valar|Vala]], [[Morgoth]], creates the [[Orcs|Orc]] race as a foul mockery of the [[elf]]. Another Vala, [[Aulë]], creates the [[Dwarves|Dwarf]] race as an act of Subcreation that honored God (called [[Eru]] in JRRT's invented mythology), and which God accepted and made real, just as Niggle's Tree was made real.)<br />
<br />
Niggle's yearnings after truth and beauty (God's creations) are echoed in his great painting; after death, Niggle is rewarded with the realization (the making-real) of his yearning. Or, if you prefer, Niggle's Tree always existed &mdash; he simply echoed it in his art.<br />
<br />
On a meta-level, then, JRRT's [[Middle-earth]] is itself a Subcreation designed to honor the true stories of the world-that-is. Thus, Middle-earth, despite its lack of overt religious elements, is a profoundly religious work.<br />
<br />
So, on a final level of allegory, Tolkien himself is Niggle &mdash; and, humorously, in mundane matters as well as spiritual ones. JRRT was compulsive in his writing, his revision, his desire for perfection in form and in the "reality" of his invented world, its languages, its chronologies, its existence. Like Niggle, Tolkien came to abandon other projects or graft them onto his "Tree," Middle-earth. Like Niggle, Tolkien faced many chores and duties that kept him from the work he loved. And like Niggle, Tolkien was a horrible procrastinator &mdash; late in life, Tolkien spent hours playing Solitary card games instead of working on ''[[The Silmarillion]]''.<br />
<br />
Finally, Tolkien himself might have disagreed with an allegorical interpretation. He wrote, in Letter 131 of [[The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien]], "I dislike Allegory." And in specific reference to Niggle, he wrote in Letter 241, "It is not really or properly an 'allegory' so much as 'mythical'." On the other hand, in Letter 153 he said, "I tried to show allegorically how [subcreation] might come to be taken up into Creation in some plane in my 'purgatorial' story ''Leaf by Niggle''."<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
*[http://www.tolkienlibrary.com/reviews/leafbyniggle.htm Leaf by Niggle - a symbolic story about a small painter]<br />
*[http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obidos/ASIN/0007105045/202-3189636-0502250 The volume ''Tree and Leaf'' that contains "Leaf by Niggle" along with other works by Tolkien, available at Amazon.com]<br />
* [http://artscool.cfa.cmu.edu:16080/~lee/niggle/ Illustrated by Bum Lee]<br />
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[[Category:Writings]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=User:Thomas_Deniau&diff=41851User:Thomas Deniau2007-04-13T18:24:25Z<p>Thomas Deniau: </p>
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<div>I'm [[User:Thomas Deniau|Thomas Deniau]], a 22-year old Tolkiendil from France. <br />
<br />
My interest for [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]'s works have begotten some other interests :<br />
<br />
* Medieval tales<br />
* Languages, especially [[Old English]] (I'm not studying the Elven tongues yet).<br />
<br />
I'm a member of [[JRRVF]], one of the leading Tolkien Societies in France.<br />
<br />
My IRC nick is usually '''totom''' or '''Thomas'''.</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=User:Thomas_Deniau&diff=41850User:Thomas Deniau2007-04-13T18:24:15Z<p>Thomas Deniau: </p>
<hr />
<div>I'm [[User:Thomas Deniau|Thomas Deniau]], a 22-year old Tolkiendil from France. <br />
<br />
My interest for [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]'s works have begotten some other interests :<br />
<br />
* Medieval tales<br />
* Languages, especially [[Old English]] (I'm not studying the Elven tongues yet).<br />
<br />
I'm a member of [[JRRVF]], one of the leading Tolkien Societies in France.<br />
<br />
My IRC nick is usually '''totom'' or '''Thomas'''.</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Annals_of_Beleriand&diff=41847Annals of Beleriand2007-04-13T18:22:28Z<p>Thomas Deniau: additions + cat</p>
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<div>The [[Annals of Beleriand]] are versions from the 1930s of the First Age tales taking place in [[Beleriand]], written in an annalistic style.<br />
<br />
They are found in [[The Shaping of Middle-earth]] and [[The Lost Road and Other Writings]] ; the 1950 versions, called the [[Grey Annals]], are published in [[The War of the Jewels]].<br />
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[[Category:Writings]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Akallab%C3%AAth&diff=41846Akallabêth2007-04-13T18:19:26Z<p>Thomas Deniau: cat</p>
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<div>[[Image:John Howe - Drowning-of-Numenor.jpeg|thumb|''Drowning of Numenor'' by [[John Howe]]]]<br />
'''Akallabêth''' ("The Downfallen" in [[Adûnaic]]; [[Quenya]] is ''Atalantë'') is the story of the destruction of the Kingdom of [[Númenor]]. At the end of the [[First Age]] (described in detail in the ''[[Quenta Silmarillion]]''), those of [[Men]] who had been helping [[Elves]] in their fight against [[Melkor]] were given a new small continent of their own, free from the evil and sadness of [[Middle-earth]]. It was located in the middle of the [[Great Sea]], between the western shores of Middle-earth, and the eastern shores of [[Aman]], where the [[Valar]] dwelt.<br />
<br />
As they entered Númenor, the Men were forbidden to set sail towards Aman. They gladly agreed to this, because they regarded mortality as a gift, and did not envy the Valar and Elves who could not die. For two and a half thousand years Númenor grew in might. [[Númenórean]] ships sailed the seas and established remote colonies, some of them in Middle-earth. During that time, the Elves of Middle-earth were engaged in a bitter fight with [[Morgoth]]'s former servant [[Sauron]], who had turned into a [[Dark Lord]] himself. The Elves asked for the help of the Númenórean, and they agreed. But as time went on, it became evil and rebelled against the Valar and the Elves, over the course of one thousand and a half years, desiring immortality. There was one king, the second-last, who tried to amend the evil, but it was too late. During this time, Númenor still grew more powerful.<br />
<br />
The last king wanted control of Middle-earth, and so he attacked Sauron. Sauron's armies became afraid of the might of Númenor, and so he was captured and brought imprisoned to the Númenórean king. However Sauron exploited his power to corrupt the Númenórean king to his will. Soon he became his advisor, and much of Númenor obeyed his will and worshiped Morgoth. Sauron convinced the king to try and assail Aman for immortality, desiring to destroy Númenor with the wrath of the Valar. However as this was done, the Valar appealed to [[Eru Ilúvatar]]. Eru destroyed the Númenórean host, by crushing it under stones; however he also caused the whole of Númenor to sink under the Great Sea. Just a few men of Númenórean royal blood, uncorrupted by Sauron who came from a long line called the Faithful, had fled Númenor by ships earlier with some gifts that Men received from the Valar and the Elves in times of peace. They were led by [[Elendil]] the Tall, and his two sons: [[Isildur]] and [[Anárion]].<br />
<br />
They set sail to Middle-earth, where the followers of Elendil established two kingdoms which were managed as Númenórean provinces: [[Gondor]] in the south, and [[Arnor]] in the North. Some of the King's Men, enemies of Elendil, established other realms in exile to the south; of these the [[Haven of Umbar]] was the chief. The culture of Númenor became the dominant culture of Middle-earth (thus, [[Westron]], a descendant of the [[Adûnaic]] language of Númenor became the [[Common Speech]]). The sadness and the shock from the loss of a whole continent lived ever in the hearts of kings of Númenórean descent. [[Arda]] was made spherical, and Aman was put beyond it, out of the reach of mortal men. Sauron, although greatly diminished and bereft of shape, escaped Númenor and return to Middle-earth once more.<br />
<br />
== Textual History ==<br />
The story originated with ''[[The Lost Road and Other Writings|The Lost Road]]'', an abandoned time-travel novel. The story also forms a major element in ''[[The Notion Club Papers]]'', likewise an abandoned time-travel novel. Other versions of the story include various texts called ''[[The Fall of Númenor]]'' and the version in the "Mannish Tradition," ''[[The Drowning of Anadûnê]]''. These texts can be found in HoME Volume IX, ''[[Sauron Defeated]]''. A highly abbreviated version of the story is found in [[Appendix A]] of The Lord of the Rings.<br />
<br />
== Interpretation ==<br />
As the [[Quenya]] name makes obvious, this is a retelling of the story of Atlantis in the Middle-earth cadre. Though as Tolkien himself noted, the Root TALAT 'Slope, sliding' occoured in the Elvish languages back to C. 1918, well before the Numenor Legend was invented.<br />
<br />
{{silmarillion}}<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.uib.no/People/hnohf/num-intro.htm Westernesse], an attempt by [[Helge Kåre Fauskanger]] to show how the ''Akallabêth'' could be adapted as a prequel to [[Peter Jackson's The Lord of the Rings]] rather than, or in addition to, [[The Hobbit]]<br />
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[[Category:Writings]]<br />
[[Category:The Silmarillion chapters]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=Ainulindal%C3%AB&diff=41845Ainulindalë2007-04-13T18:19:10Z<p>Thomas Deniau: cat</p>
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<div>{{Pronounce|ainulindale.mp3|Ardamir}}<br />
The '''''Ainulindalë''''' is the title of the first part of ''[[The Silmarillion]]''.<br />
<br />
The supreme deity of [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien's]] universe is called [[Eru|Eru Ilúvatar]] ("The One who is Father of All"). The tale begins with Ilúvatar's creation of spirits of lesser power than him, yet of independent nature, named the [[Ainur]] ("Holy Ones"). With them Ilúvatar makes divine music. [[Melkor]], one of the greatest of the Ainur, in his pride broke the harmony. Ilúvatar then began the music once more, in which [[Manwë]], Melkor's brother, sang the leading part. Yet again, the harmony was broken. <br />
<br />
Finally, Ilúvatar began a third theme which the Ainur could not comprehend since they were not the source of it. He then ceased the music and showed to the Ainur the essence of what their song symbolized, the history of a whole world. This is known as the "Vision of Ilúvatar". The Ainur became fascinated by it, and asked Ilúvatar to put it into being.<br />
{{history of Arda}}<br />
Ilúvatar spoke "[[Eä]]", that is, "Be!". This command created the universe, and therefore the universe became known as "Eä". Four of the Ainur who possessed the greatest power formed a region within Eä which they called [[Arda]], a world which was to be the scene of all the following tales of ''The Silmarillion'' and ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''. Melkor, who was one of the four, attempted to take it for his own. However Manwë, who was also one of the four, asked for the help of other Ainur. They descended to Arda and Melkor was forced to flee to the unknown parts of Eä.<br />
<br />
To the mortal [[Men]] Eru gave the gift of freedom, so that when they die their souls go somewhere beyond the known existence. Perhaps they go to sing with Ilúvatar the second Music of the Ainur; this is the reason why Men are not constrained by the fate of the Music like the [[Elves]] and other beings of Arda are.<br />
<br />
Ainulindalë means "The Music of the Ainur" in [[Quenya]] (from ''[[Ainur]]'' = "Holy Ones" and ''[[lin]]'' = "song, music").<br />
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{{silmarillion}}<br />
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[[Category:Writings]]<br />
[[Category:The Silmarillion chapters]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_Children_of_H%C3%BArin&diff=41844The Children of Húrin2007-04-13T18:16:35Z<p>Thomas Deniau: cat</p>
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<div>{{book|<br />
title=The Children of Húrin|<br />
image=[[Image:The Children of Hurin cover.jpg|225px]]|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]], with illustrations by [[Alan Lee]]|<br />
isbn=0618894640|<br />
publisher=[[HarperCollins]], [[Houghton Mifflin]]|<br />
date=April 17th, 2007|<br />
format=Hardcover|<br />
pages= 320|<br />
amazon=http://www.amazon.com/Children-Hurin-J-R-R-Tolkien/dp/0618894640|<br />
amazonprice=$17.16<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
On September 18th, 2006 '''The Children of Húrin''' was announced. Set to be released on April 17th of 2007, the unfinished work edited by [[Christopher Tolkien]] will finally be released after 30 years of development. It will include 25 new black and white illustrations by [[Alan Lee]].<br />
<br />
==Press Release==<br />
<br />
'''Date:''' Mon, 18 Sep 2006<br />
<br />
'''J.R.R. TOLKIEN'S THE CHILDREN OF HÚRIN TO BE PUBLISHED IN 2007'''<br />
<br />
Houghton Mifflin has acquired US rights to publish the first complete book by J.R.R. Tolkien since the posthumous Silmarillion in 1977. HarperCollins UK acquired the project from The Tolkien Estate in a world rights deal. Presented for the first time as a fully continuous and standalone story, the epic tale of The Children of Húrin will reunite fans of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings with Elves and Men, dragons and Dwarves, and the rich landscape and characters unique to Tolkien.<br />
<br />
The Children of Húrin, begun in 1918, was one of three "Great Tales" J.R.R. Tolkien worked on throughout his life, though he never realized his ambition to see it published. Though familiar to many fans from extracts and references within other Tolkien books, it has long been assumed that the story would forever remain an "unfinished tale". Now reconstructed by Christopher Tolkien, painstakingly editing together the complete work from his father's many drafts, this book is the culmination of a tireless thirty-year endeavor by him to bring J.R.R. Tolkien's vast body of unpublished work to a wide audience.<br />
<br />
Christopher Tolkien said: "''It has seemed to me for a long time that there was a good case for presenting my father's long version of the legend of the Children of Húrin as an independent work, between its own covers, with a minimum of editorial presence, and above all in continuous narrative without gaps or interruptions, if this could be done without distortion or invention, despite the unfinished state in which he left some parts of it.''"<br />
<br />
[[Image:Alan Lee - Beleg Departs Menegroth.jpg|150px|thumb|left|''Beleg Departs Menegroth'' by [[Alan Lee]].]]<br />
Having drawn the distinctive maps for the original The Lord of the Rings more than 50 years ago, Christopher has also created a detailed new map for this book. In addition, it will include a jacket and color paintings by Alan Lee, illustrator of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings Centenary Edition and Oscar ® -winning designer of the film trilogy.<br />
<br />
The Lord of the Rings was already acclaimed worldwide as the most popular book of the 20th Century before the blockbuster films in 2001-3 broke new ground and inspired millions more to read J.R.R. Tolkien's books -- an additional 50 million copies were sold, leaving new fans wanting more. The Children of Húrin will be published by [[HarperCollins]] UK in April 2007, and on the same day in the United<br />
States by [[Houghton Mifflin]].<br />
<br />
[[Image:Children-of-hurin-deluxe-edition-w-stamp.jpg |thumb|right|The Deluxe Edition]]<br />
Victoria Barnsley, CEO and Publisher of HarperCollins Publishers UK said: "''This epic story of adventure, tragedy, fellowship and heroism stands as one of the finest expressions of J.R.R. Tolkien's skills as a storyteller. With a narrative as dramatic and powerful as anything contained within The Lord of the Rings , it can now be read and enjoyed as Tolkien originally intended, and will doubtless be a revelation for millions of fans around the world.'''"<br />
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Janet Silver, Vice President and Publisher of Houghton Mifflin, said, "''As J.R.R. Tolkien's original American publisher, dating back to The Hobbit, we are extremely proud to be bringing this project to Tolkien's devoted readership in the United States. Christopher Tolkien has done a great service in realizing his father's vision for The Children of Húrin.''"<br />
<br />
'''Date:''' Sun. April 1, 2007<br />
<br />
HarperCollins.ca Newsletter: The Children of Húrin<br />
<br />
Painstakingly restored from Tolkien’s manuscripts and presented for the first time as a fully continuous and standalone story, the epic tale of The Children of Hùrin will reunite fans of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings with Elves and Men, dragons and Dwarves, eagles and Orcs, and the rich landscape and characters unique to Tolkien.<br />
<br />
Tùrin is born into a Middle-earth crushed by the recent victory of the Dark Lord, Morgoth, and his monstrous army. The greatest warriors among Elves and Men have perished and Tùrin’s father, Hùrin, has been captured. For his defiance, Hùrin’s entire family is cursed by Morgoth to be brought down into darkness and despair.<br />
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But, like his father, Tùrin refuses to be cowed by Morgoth and as he grows so does the legend of the deadly hero. In a land overrun with marauding Orcs, Tùrin gathers to him a band of outlaws and gradually they begin to turn the tide in the war for supremacy of Middle-earth.<br />
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Then Morgoth unleashes his greatest weapon: Glaurung, Mightiest of Dragons, and he proves an unstoppable foe. As the Dragon carves a fiery swathe through Middle-earth there remains only one man who can slay him, but to do that he will first have to confront his destiny.<br />
<br />
The Children of Hùrin was one of three Great Tales begun by J.R.R. Tolkien as he recovered from the horrors of the First World War, and he worked on refining and improving it for the rest of his life. This tragic tale of adventure, heroism, suffering and love stands as one of the finest expressions of his skills as a storyteller and the narrative is as powerful as anything contained within The Lord of the Rings. Painstakingly reconstructed by Christopher Tolkien from his father’s manuscripts, it can finally be enjoyed as the author originally intended.<br />
<br />
==Contents==<br />
:''From a preliminary copy''<br />
* Preface (7)<br />
* Introduction (13)<br />
* Note on Pronunciation (28)<br />
* Narn I Chîn Húrin (31)<br />
* The Tale of the Children of Húrin<br />
::# [[The Childhood of Húrin]] (33)<br />
::# [[The Battle of Unnumbered Tears]] (52)<br />
::# [[The words of Húrin and Morgoth]] (61)<br />
::# [[The Departure of Túrin]] (66)<br />
::# [[Túrin in Doriath]] (80)<br />
::# [[Túrin among the Outlaws]] (98)<br />
::# [[Of Mîm the Dwarf]] (121)<br />
::# [[The Land of Bow and Helm]] (141)<br />
::# [[The Death of Beleg]] (151)<br />
::# [[Túrin in Nargothrond]] (159)<br />
::# [[The Fall of Nargothrond]] (171)<br />
::# [[The Return of Túrin to Dor-lómin]] (182)<br />
::# [[The Coming of Túrin into Brethil]] (192)<br />
::# [[The Journey of Morwen and Niënor to Nargothrond]] (198)<br />
::# [[Niënor in Brethil]] (213)<br />
::# [[The Coming of Glaurung]] (221)<br />
::# [[The Death of Glaurung]] (234)<br />
::# [[The Death of Túrin]] (248)<br />
* Tables 261<br />
* Genealogies:<br />
::# The House of Hador & the People of Haleth (262)<br />
::# The House of Bëor (263)<br />
::# The Princes of the Noldor (264)<br />
* Appendix (265)<br />
::# The Evolution of the Great Tales (267)<br />
::# The Composition of the Text (281)<br />
* List of Names (291)<br />
* Note on the map (319)<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[The Children of Húrin Release Party]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* [http://www.tolkienlibrary.com/press/Children-of-Hurin-FAQ.htm Children of Húrin FAQ]<br />
* [http://www.lotrplaza.com/archive5/display_topic_threads.asp?ForumID=24&TopicID=207607 Discussion at LotRPlaza.com]<br />
* [http://wormtalk.blogspot.com/2006/09/j.html Blog post by Michael Drout]<br />
* [http://www.tolkienlibrary.com/press/childrenofhurin.htm Article on TolkienLibrary.com]<br />
* [http://www.harpercollins.ca:80/global_scripts/product_catalog/book_xml.asp?isbn=0007246226 News Release at HarperCollins.ca]<br />
* [http://www.bitu.com/tolkien/tolkien-trailer.html The Children of Húrin Trailer US Edition]<br />
* [http://tolkien.hcp-uk.co.uk/thechildrenofhurin.aspx The Children of Húrin Trailer]<br />
<br />
==Pre-order==<br />
'''Regular edition'''<br />
* [http://www.amazon.com/Children-Hurin-J-R-R-Tolkien/dp/0618894640/sr=8-1/qid=1170968587/ref=pd_bbs_sr_1/105-2987979-0667618?ie=UTF8&s=books Amazon.com] <br />
* [http://www.amazon.co.uk/Children-Hurin-Christopher-Tolkien/dp/0007246226 Amazon.co.uk] <br />
* [http://www.amazon.ca/Children-Hurin-J-R-R-Tolkien/dp/0007246226/sr=11-1/qid=1170986155/ref=sr_11_1/702-1711121-9420851 Amazon.ca]<br />
'''Deluxe Edition'''<br />
* [http://www.amazon.com/Children-Hurin-Deluxe-J-R-R-Tolkien/dp/0618904417/sr=8-2/qid=1170968587/ref=pd_bbs_2/105-2987979-0667618?ie=UTF8&s=books Amazon.com]<br />
* [http://www.amazon.co.uk/Children-Hurin-J-R-R-Tolkien/dp/0007252234/sr=8-1/qid=1170968778/ref=pd_ka_1/203-1975989-7489551?ie=UTF8&s=books Amazon.co.uk]<br />
* [http://www.amazon.ca/Children-Hurin-Deluxe-J-Tolkien/dp/0007252234/sr=8-1/qid=1170968875/ref=pd_ka_1/702-4168450-3416061?ie=UTF8&s=books Amazon.ca]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien|Children of Húrin]]<br />
[[Category:Books by Christopher Tolkien|Children of Húrin]]</div>Thomas Deniauhttps://tolkiengateway.net/w/index.php?title=The_Adventures_of_Tom_Bombadil&diff=41843The Adventures of Tom Bombadil2007-04-13T18:16:15Z<p>Thomas Deniau: cat</p>
<hr />
<div>{{book|<br />
title=The Adventures of Tom Bombadil|<br />
image=|<br />
author=[[J.R.R. Tolkien]]|<br />
publisher=[[Allen and Unwin]]|<br />
date=1962|<br />
format=Unknown|<br />
pages=63|<br />
isbn=Unknown|<br />
amazon=|<br />
amazonprice=<br />
}}<br />
'''''The Adventures of Tom Bombadil''''' is a collection of poetry by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]], published in 1962. The book contains 16 poems, only two of which deal with [[Tom Bombadil]], a character who is most famous for his encounter with [[Frodo Baggins]] in ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', the first volume in Tolkien's best-selling ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''. The rest of the poems are an assortment of bestiary verse and fairy tale rhyme.<br />
<br />
The book was originally illustrated by [[Pauline Baynes]] and later by [[Roger Garland]].<br />
<br />
The book, like the first edition of ''The Fellowship of the Ring'', is presented as if it is an actual translation from the [[Red Book of Westmarch]], and contains some background information on the world of [[Middle-earth]] which is not found elsewhere. Examples are the name of the tower at [[Dol Amroth]] and the names of the [[Rivers of Gondor|Seven Rivers of Gondor]]. There is some dispute about its canonical status since the information presented about the secondary world is considered only as folklore among the [[Hobbits]]. <br />
<br />
It is also notable because it uses the letter "K" instead of "C" for the /k/ sound in [[Sindarin]], a spelling variant Tolkien alternated many times in his writings.<br />
<br />
''Tom Bombadil'' can best be seen as a small, poetic venture into Tolkien's imagination.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Books by J.R.R. Tolkien|Adventures of Tom Bombadil]]</div>Thomas Deniau