-nd: Difference between revisions

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*[[Beleriand]]
*[[Beleriand]]
*[[Ossiriand]]
*[[Ossiriand]]
*[[Calacirian]]/Kalakiryandë (from [[Calacirya]])
*[[Cardolan]]
*[[Cardolan]]
*[[Rohan]]
*[[Rohan]]
===With ''e''===
===With ''e''===
*[[Hildórien]] (note that [[Hildor]] is a [[Quenya]] name)
*[[Hildórien]] (note that [[Hildor]] is a [[Quenya]] name)

Revision as of 16:07, 19 December 2014

"...there is much else that may be told." — Glóin
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-nd is a toponymical ending in Sindarin, an ending "commonly used in the names of regions or countries". Vowels could be attached to the ending, yielding the forms -and, -end, -ond. In names such as Rohan, the -d was dropped, due to its lack of pronunciation in speech (this also occured also in Anorien and Ithilien).[1][2]

The form also appear as -ian(d), -iann, -ion, -ien.[3]

Examples

With a

With e

With o

Etymology

-ian(d) and ultimately -ien are reduced from -iand(a), -iend(e),[4] and said to be derived from PQ yandē "a wide region, or country".[3]

-(i)on appears in later-formed names and is in origin distinct from the above. It is explained to be from root YANA- and/or root YONO.[3]

Cognates

Relevant endings don't appear in other languages such as Quenya save perhaps the name Hildórien. However there is the Qenya name Valariande[5] and Ossiriande.[6] The book The Road Goes Ever On gives the Quenya name of Lothlórien as Lóriende.

The above hint that in Quenya the endings were preserved as -iande and -iende, without loss of final -e. On the other hand, Valariande is perhaps non-canon as early Qenya (but consistent to the later rules of phonology); as for Lóriende, it seems to be constructed after the Sindarin name and can not be indicative of Quenya etymology.[source?]

See also

References